Land Use Planning 2
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Transcript of Land Use Planning 2
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STEP 2
Flow chart for identifying stakeholders
STEP 3
Flow chart for setting the vision
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STEP 4
Flow chart for situation analysis
Land use categories and color coding
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STEP 5
Flow chart for setting goals and objectives
STEP 6
Flow chart for establishing the development thrust and spatial
strategies
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Land Use Planning Tools and Techniques
Several methods, tools and techniques are available in analyzing
information for comprehensive land use planning. According to Kaiser
in his book, Urban Land Use Planning, these methods are
Developability Analysis and Perceptual Analysis.
1. Developability AnalysisThis deals with determining the accurate information about the
supply of available land within the LGU jurisdiction to prepare a land
use plan. These have four types:
1.1Land Suitability Analysis (LSA) is an in-design evaluationmethod for planning areas that retain important natural
environmental features. The outcome of the valuation
depends to a large extent on expert judgment based on
scientific knowledge. T h i s evaluation method is not
comprehensive but rather limited to alternative sites within a
specified study area for a particular land use or set of land
uses. It is a procedure for mapping the variation in relative
suitability for a particular land use across the jurisdiction or
planning area (Ortolano, 1984)
Steps in Land Suitability Analysis
a. Pick the land use to be analyzed (e.g., residential, commercial,institutional, industrial, etc.)
b. Determine the site attributes that determine suitability forthat particular use (e.g., slope, inter LGU access, water and
sewer availability).
c. Rank (rescale) the internal characteristics of each attribute,depending upon their contribution to suitability (e.g., slopes
of 1 to 6% are given a high rank, say 2, than steeper slopes of
more than 6%, which are ranked lower, with a 1).
c.1 Weight each individual attribute in terms of relative
importance for suitability (e.g., because inter-LGU access is
deemed twice as important for industrial location as slope, it
weighed 2, whereas slope is weighed1. Similarly, availability of
water and sewer is deemed three times as important as slope,so it is weighted 3)
c.2 Multiply each attribute rank by the attribute weight (e.g., the
two classes of slope, 1 and 2, are multiplied by the weight of
the slope attribute 1).
c.3 Define the rules for the model to combine weighted attributes
into a single suitability scale (e.g., addition, multiplication and
other algorithm).
c.4 Reclassify the resulting range of numerical scores into asimplified composite score (e.g., less than 20 is least suitable;
20-36 is less suitable; 27-32 is suitable; and more than 32 is
most suitable).
c.5 Transform the outcome into a suitability map by choosing a set
of patterns to represent the different degrees of suitability
(e.g., darker pattern for the most suitable sites, grading to
lighter patterns for less suitable sites)
c.6 Generate a statistical report showing for each suitability class,
the site identification, number of hectares/square meters and
other relevant data.
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1.2 Carrying Capacity Analysis is method of studying the effects
of population growth and urban development on ecological
systems, public facility systems, and environmental
perception.
The procedure for conducting this analysis varies according to
the system whose capacity is at issue.
1.3 Committed Lands Analysis - identifies where excess
community service capacity exists and where the cost of
additional distribution for each new customer is no greater
than the value of the increased efficiency in producing the
service.
1.4.Market forecasts - attempt to project future land
development. Simple forecasts rely on projections of pasttrends, population and economic growth along with
information on development regulations, land use plans, and
forthcoming development proposals, to estimate the location,
type, amount, and cost of future development.
2. Perceptual AnalysisThis relies on peoples perceptions which are important
determinants of travel behavior, locational choice, social
relationships, and political actions. Surveys are employed in order to
maintain a systematic perceptual information. The four aspects of
perception are:
2.1. Legibility - refers to the clarity of its spatial organizations and
ease with which people can read its structure.
2.2. Attractiveness - degree to which it is positively perceived.
From a non-professional perspective, visual quality must be
the most important influence on how people experience and
respond to urban areas and planning initiatives.
2.3. Symbolism - refers to the meanings that people attach to
various parts of the urban area.
2.4. Quality of life - is a synthetic perceptual measure based on
resident ratings of local trends of change over time in such
factors as open space, urban design, crime traffic, schools and
housing affordability.
Projecting Demand - the convenient way of determining theneed (demand) by using population-land resources
relationship (man-land relationship) assumption on per capita
space requirements for every sector as indicated in the
Sectoral Manuals. It must be noted, however, that standardsdo not address the uniqueness of individual localities. It must
be noted that per capita allocation is applicable only to
predominantly rural areas/ towns where urban growth is
associated with the normal increase in the urban population
usually in the poblacion.
Basis for Projecting Demand for Urban Land Uses (Chapin, 1965)
For industrial use (manufacturing)
Ratio of industrial space to projected total population Forecast increase in industrial establishments, by type Forecast levels of industrial employment, by type Forecast changes in industrial floor space ratio
For commercial use (wholesale, retail services)
Forecast number of establishments
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Forecast of employment Employment to shop floor ratio Ratio of commercial area to built-up areas STEP 7
Flow chart for preparing the land use plan
Dispersed Sheet Urban Star Core City Centric and NodalForm
Strip/Linear
Development Radial andCircumferential ConcentricDevelopment Galaxy Form
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STEP 8
Flow chart for drafting the zoning ordinance
STEP 9
Flow chart for conducting public hearing for CLUP and ZO
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