Land Biomes Chapter 20. Biomes Geographic area characterized by certain types of plant and animal...
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Transcript of Land Biomes Chapter 20. Biomes Geographic area characterized by certain types of plant and animal...
Land BiomesLand Biomes
Chapter 20Chapter 20
BiomesBiomes
• Geographic area characterized by certain types of plant and animal communities
• Contains smaller ecosystems• Rainfall and temperature are the major
factors determining what biome is in a region
• Not specific to a place– Ex. Desert biome doesn’t refer to one desert
in particular but to any of them
ForestsForests
• Needs enough rain and right temperature– Not too hot, not too cold
• Three types– Temperate Deciduous forest– Coniferous forest– Tropical Rain forest
Temperate Deciduous Temperate Deciduous
• This is where you live• Deciduous = leaves
that fall off• Producers include
trees, grass, moss, ferns
• Animals include bears, birds, rodents and even the platypus
Temperate DeciduousTemperate Deciduous
• Rain• 75-125 cm a year• Temperature• Summer 28 C• Winter 6 C
Coniferous ForestConiferous Forest
• Don’t change much from winter to summer
• Long cold winters• Coniferous = pine
trees with cones
Coniferous ForestConiferous Forest
• Producers include pine trees mostly and some flowers, moss, wild potato
• Animals include yak, llamas, goats, birds, snow leopards
Coniferous ForestConiferous Forest
• Rain – 35-75 cm• Temperature 14 C in
summer, -10 C in winter
• Also called Boreal forest or Tiaga
Tropical Rain ForestTropical Rain Forest
• More diversity than any other biome
• Some animals only live in the tree tops (canopy) while others live on the ground.
• Most nutrients are found in the vegetation
Tropical Rain ForestTropical Rain Forest
• Producers include bamboo, various trees such as coconut, lianas or vines, flowers and strangler fig
• Animals include elephants, tigers, monkeys, bats and insects
Tropical Rain ForestTropical Rain Forest
• Rain – up to 400 cm a year
• Temperature -> 34 C during the day
• 20 C at night• Also called the jungle
GrasslandsGrasslands
• Also called steppes, pampas, prairies
• Found between deserts and forests
• Found on every continent
• Most are flat with rolling hills
Temperate GrasslandTemperate Grassland
• Prairie• Rain 25-75 cm a year• Temperature – 30 C
in summer• 0 C in winter
Temperate GrasslandTemperate Grassland
• Producers include GRASS, and small flowering plants
• Animals include prairie dogs, birds, mice, foxes, bobcats, coyotes, insects
SavannaSavanna
• Tropical Grassland• 150 cm in rain a year• Temperature –
– Dry season 34 C– Wet season 16 C
SavannaSavanna
• Producers include GRASS with scattered trees
• Animals include elephants, giraffes, zebras, gazelles, wildebeests, leopards, lions and hyenas
SavannaSavanna
• Think of the Lion King
DesertDesert
• Hot, dry area• Plants and animals
have adapted to gain and conserve water
• Rain – less than 25 cm a year
• Temperature- 38 C in the summer, 7 C in the winter
DesertDesert
• Producers include cactus, small flowering plants such as aster, and bushes
• Animals include rodents, birds, bobcats, reptiles such as snakes, lizards, tortoise and gila monsters
DesertDesert
TundraTundra
• Far North on tops of mountains
• Too cold for trees to grow
• Permafrost – permanently frozen ground below the surface– Keeps water from
draining keeping surface soggy and wet
TundraTundra
• Producers include moss, grasses, berries, tea, small willow shrubs and lichens
• Animals include caribou, musk oxen, lemmings, shrews, hares, birds, bears, fox and wolves
TundraTundra
• Rain – 30-50 cm a year
• Temperature – 12 C in summer– -26 C in winter