Lamb finishing with agricom 2010
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Transcript of Lamb finishing with agricom 2010
Lamb finishing options and Systems Research
SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
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Perc
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% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
Chicory & Clovers
Red clover (extra benefit N production & Herbicide option)
SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
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Perc
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% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
HunterSown early Nov
Becomes late to sow other options
Hunter & Italian ?Sown early Nov
SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
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Perc
enta
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% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
WinfredSown Oct 20th
Becomes late to sow other options
Winfred & red clover or Tonic ?Sown Oct 20th
SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
0.450.5
0.550.6
0.650.7
0.750.8
0.850.9
0.951
17-Dec-
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an-08
14-Jan-0
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21-Jan-0
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28-Jan-0
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4-Feb-
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10-Mar-
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Week
Perc
enta
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% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
Spring sown Italian Autumn Sown ItalianSown Jan
SI results summary M&S 07/08
00.050.1
0.150.2
0.250.3
0.350.4
0.450.5
0.550.6
0.650.7
0.750.8
0.850.9
0.951
17-Dec-
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an-08
14-Jan-0
8
21-Jan-0
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28-Jan-0
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4-Feb-
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11-Feb-
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18-Feb-
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25-Feb-
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3-Mar-
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10-Mar-
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17-Mar-
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7-Apr-
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14-Apr-
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21-Apr-
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5-May-
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Week
Perc
enta
ge
% in Spec % lambs cw kg 13.3 - 16.0 PM/YM % " F" grade
Late spring sown perennial pasture / NEW GRASS
Tetraploid ryegrasses
Hybrid ryegrasses
Late heading ryegrasses
Chicory & clovers
• On-farm experience
• 250-350 g/day
• 35-45 lambs/ha in summer• 2-3 times more meat production than
pasture
Management of chicory as crop
• Sub-divide to six paddocks with water
• Rotate every 20-30 days (3-4 days per break)
• Keep lambs on chicory diet till sold to works
• Apply regular N-based fertiliser• Only use certain herbicides.
Fractional degradation rate of different forages(/hr) Hrs to
Fresh Forage 50 %
Perennial ryegrass 0.114 6
Kikuyu 0.071 10Paspalum 0.068 10
White clover 0.195 3
Chicory 0.260 2.5Plantain 0.246 2.5
Adapted from Burke et al. 2000 Proc. NZ Soc. An Prod.
What makes herbs so effective
Very effective lamb finishing forage systemNot difficult, just different
Focus on …• weed elimination and control• time of sowing• pre-emergence and early post-emergence herbicides• accurate sowing depth and spread• care in first six months• good rotational grazing• nitrogen use
SummaryChicory Clover systems
Red clovers • On-farm experience developing in last 2-3
years
• 250-350 g/day• 35-45 lambs/ha in summer
• Large amount of Nitrogen build up in soil
Where does red clover fit?
1. Special purpose finishing feed.In herb mix, monoculture, or with grasses like
timothy or tall fescueSite selection – moist fertile flats and valleys.Restrict winter grazing
2. Permanent pasture with ryegrass or tall fescue good for silage or hay highly preferred feed by deer how about with dairy cows!
Red Clover SystemsSummer
(Dec – Feb)
Hunter Red clover Pasture
Pre mass (kg DM/ha) 3000 5850 2250Growth (kg DM/ha/day) 72 90 ?Stocking rate (lambs/ha) 45.9 75.5 29.8
LWG (g/day) 224 197 117LWG/ha (kg /ha/day) 10.3 14.9 3.5
Utilisation (%) 48 51 21
Apparent Intake (kg DM/l/day) 1.34 1.33 0.54
Red Clover SystemsAutumn
(March – April)
Italian Red clover Pasture
Pre mass (kg DM/ha) 0 1900 1900Growth (kg DM/ha/day)Stocking rate (lambs/ha) 0 27.3 28.2
LWG (g/day) 0 268 110LWG/ha(kg/ha/day) 0 7.3 3.1
Red Clover SystemsAutumn(April-May)
Italian Red clover Pasture
Pre mass (kg DM/ha) 2150 0 1250Growth (kg DM/ha/day)Stocking rate (lambs/ha) 29.3 0 18.3
LWG (g/day) 155 0 43LWG/ha(kg/ha/day) 4.5 0 0.8
Red Clover SystemsSpring
(Sept – Dec)
Italian Red clover Pasture
Animal grazing days 588 1120 555
Stocking rate (ewes/ha) 30 21 13
Red Clover Systems2nd Summer
(Dec – present)
Hunter Red clover Pasture
Pre mass (kg DM/ha) 2500 2500 2150Growth (kg DM/ha/day)Stocking rate (lambs/ha) 40 43 35
LWG (g/day) 191 292 72LWG/ha (kg /ha/day) 7.6 12.7 2.5
Red Clover SystemsSummary
• Red clover supports high stocking rates• Red clover supports rapid lamb growth • Capable of 2-3+ years (poa can build with time)
• Less water and no nitrogen• Capable of producing early (Aug) forage
• Nitrogen fixing• Conservation • Chemical control options – Treflan, Tropotox
Italian Ryegrass • Spring sown provides no stem production
through first summer (ideally 18 month only)
• 200-250 g/day possibly higher at times• Autumn sown – outstanding for autumn
lambs – (need to sow January)
Examples of Agricom Systems Work
Maximizing Productivity from Hunter
Benefits of Tonic as a Lactation feed for Lamb finishing
Maximizing productivity from Winfred
Red Clover forage systems (Starting spring 08)
Maximising productivity from Hunter
Low residuals reduce DM production
Effect of Allowance on Lamb Growth Rate
Effect of Allowance on Lamb Growth Rate
0
100
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500
600
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00
Allowance (kg DM/head/day)
Liv
ewei
ght g
ain
(g/d
ay)
.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Liv
ewei
ght g
ain/
ha (k
g/ha
/day
) .
Grass pastureThompson et al. 1979
Allowances of 2-2.5 Max LWG/ha/day
Residual – Target for maximum LWG/ha
Lambs removed 94% lamina and 50% petiole
Summary
• Low residuals reduce DM production
• LWG/ha maximised at 2 - 2.5 kg DM/h/day
• LWG/ha maximised at utilisation of 60-70%
• Controlling grazing is critical
Maximising productivity from Winfred crops
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
Allowance (kg DM/lamb/day)
Liv
ewei
ght
gain
(k
g/da
y)
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
Liv
ewei
ght
gain
/ha
(kg/
ha/d
ay)
Effect of Allowance on Lamb Growth Rate
Residual – Target for maximum LWG/haLambs removed 100% lamina and 100% petiole and 50% stem
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Pla
nt
Su
rviv
al (
%)
0.75 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Allowance (kg DM/hd/day)
Effect of Allowance on Plant Number
Hunter
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Pla
nt
Su
rviv
al (
%)
0.75 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
Allowance (kg DM/hd/day)
Effect of Allowance on Plant Number
HunterWinfred
Effect of Allowance on Winfred Regrowth Yield
0
500
1000
1500
2000
1 1.5 2 3.5Allowance (kg DM/hd/day)
Reg
row
th y
eild
(kg
DM
)
Summary
• Winfred robust under intense grazing
• LWG/ha maximised at 2.5 kg DM/h/day
• LWG/ha maximised at utilisation of 60%
• At maximum productivity 30% stem consumed
•Controlling grazing is critical
Benefits of using Tonic plantain as a feed during lactation
Dr Glenn JudsonPGG Seeds
Tonic plantain
Italian Perennial TonicAv. Mass (kg DM/ha) 1200 1200 1000DM prod. (kg DM/ha/d) 43 72 71Stocking rate (ewes/ha) 14 14 9
Lamb LWG (g/d) 310 296 376 Weaning wt (kg) 34.3 33.9 41.1
Ewe Lwt (kg) 78.0 70.6 86.1Condition Score 3.3 2.6 3.3
Results - 2007
Big lambs!
Conclusions
• Tonic produced similar DM to P. ryegrass
• Daily intake was higher on Tonic
• Tonic increases weaning wt of lambs and ewes
• Tonic reduces faecal egg output of ewes
Practical Management
• Set stock at lambing – 1200 kg DM/ha
• 10-12 twin bearing ewes
• “Rocking” towards conclusion of lambing
• Residuals of 400 - 500 kg DM/ha don’t compromise
Tonic plantain in Western District VictoriaBeing used for early lambing of cull ewes Photo 22 June 2010
Four year old Tonic plantain in Western District VictoriaBeing used for Autumn/Winter Lamb finishing Photo 22 June 2010
Tonic plantain & Lucerne in Western District VictoriaBeing used for stud ram lamb finishing Photo 22 June 2010
Tonic plantain & Lucerne in Western District VictoriaBeing used for stud ram lamb finishing Photo 22 June 2010
Early august lambing triplet ewes set stocked in Seddon Pure Tonic plantain in its 3rd winter Photo 2nd August 2010
Merino ewe hogget's Awtere valley near Dashwood Pure Tonic plantain in its 2nd winter Photo 2nd August 2010
Tonic plantain in its 3rd winterSown @ 6kg into run out AR1 perennial ryegrass North Canterbury
Photo 2nd August 2010