Lake Erie Critical Issues and Current Research Endeavors OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY C....
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Transcript of Lake Erie Critical Issues and Current Research Endeavors OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY C....
Lake Erie Critical Issues and Current Research
Endeavors
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
C. William Swank Program
Dr. Kristen M. DeVanna Fussell
Ohio Sea Grant College Program
November 19th, 2014
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
Critical Issues1. Sediment and Dredging
‒ 750K of seds from Maumee‒ Raised homes in Toledo and
Ag fields
2. Monitoring of HABs
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
Critical Issues3. Deadzone (CB and WB)
‒ Linked to HABso Where do blooms go?o Internal loading (WB)
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
Critical Issues4. Nutrient management issues
‒ Less point …. now non-point (dissolved)‒ Nature of the problem has changes
5. Climate Change (Heidelberg data)‒ All decisions within different framework
http://esciencenews.com
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
6. Coastal and Economic Development‒ Relationship with OH tourism ~12 of 40b
7. Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS)
Critical Issues Photos courtesy of http://m.cedarpoint.com
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
• Bench-scale evaluation of in-situ ultrasonic remediation of contaminated sediments (Weavers and Lenhart at OSU)
• Beneficial reuse of dredged material (Dayton and Fiksel at OSU; also OHSG Task Force)
• Methane release associated with hypoxia/anoxia vs. natural underground deposits (Townsend at U of Cinn)
• Hypoxia and internal loading in Lake Erie (OHSG)
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
• Rick Stumpf and NOAA….HABs forecasting ability‒Calibration and validation experiments to produce satellite-
based spectral algorithms to measure biological and geochemical water constituents; Adem (C of Charleston) and Ortiz (Kent State)
‒Establishing sources of phosphorus promoting toxic HABs using gene expression; Gobler and Harke at SUNY Stony
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
• Mapping drain tile and modeling agricultural contribution to nonpoint source pollution in the western Lake Erie basin (University of Toledo)
• Understanding dam removal impacts on a formerly prolific Great Lake’s walleye population (ODNR)
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
One of the Most Important Lakes in the World
• Dead lake image of 60s and 70s; poster child for pollution problems in US
• Also best example of ecosystem recovery in world
Photos courtesy of Cleveland Press Collection at Cleveland State University Library and Wikipedia• EPA est. on Dec 2nd, 1970
• 1st Earth Day on April 22nd, 1970• Clean Water Act of 1972
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
• Shared by 4 states and 2 countries• Drinking water for 11 million people• Houses over 20 power plants (greatest water
use)• Houses 300 marinas in Ohio alone• Walleye Capital of the World• 40% of all Great Lakes charter boats
• Also, Ohio’s charter boat industry islargest in North America
• $1.5 billion sport fishery• The most valuable freshwater commercial
fishery in the world• Coastal tourism value is over $12 billion (~40)
Lake Erie Stats
Photos courtesy of http://enformable.com
Photo courtesy of Grave Yard Rabbit of Sandusky Bay
Photos courtesy of http://m.cedarpoint.com
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
Setting the Stage for HABs
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
Great Lakes Land Use
Image: Ohio Sea Grant
Superior Michigan Huron Erie Ontario0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Residential Cropland PastureForest Brush/Wetland
1st
1st
2nd
Least
10%
Great Lakes Land Use Continued
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
• More sediment and nutrients (i.e., fertilizers and sewage) than all the other Great Lakes
• Above are exacerbated by storms‐ We are seeing more frequent and severe storms due to climate
change‐ Data to come ….
• Don’t forget, it is also the shallowest (sunlight)
• As a result Lake Erie is the most productive of theGreat Lakes, and alwayswill be!!
Because of Land Use Lake Erie Gets…..
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
(Not exact, but instructive)50:2 Rule
Lake Superior: 50% of the water and 2% of the fish
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
Lake Erie: 2% of the water and 50% of the fish
(Not exact, but instructive)50:2 Rule
OHIO SEA GRANT AND STONE LABORATORY
• 80% of water from upper lakes• 10% from Lake Erie tributaries• 10% direct precipitation
80:10:10 Rule
• ~5% of all LE tributary water• YET 50% of LE phosphorous !!
The Maumee River