Lagha Tula Adapted Sub-Catchment Management Plan, Tana ... · Acknowledgment We are grateful to...
72
Lagha Tula Adapted Sub-Catchment Management Plan, Tana River County
Transcript of Lagha Tula Adapted Sub-Catchment Management Plan, Tana ... · Acknowledgment We are grateful to...
Lagha Tula Adapted Sub-Catchment Management Plan, Tana River County
Lagha Tula Adapted Sub-Catchment Management Plan, Tana River County
PREPARED BY
LAGHA TULA - WRUA, IUCN, FaIDA, WRMA AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERSLAGHA TULA WRUA,P.O. BOX 673 – 70100 GARISSATULA TOWN
NOVEMBER 2012
Acknowledgment We are grateful to Lagha Tula Water Resources User Association (WRUA) for actively participating in, and dedicating their time and effort to, preparation of this adapted Sub-catchment Management Plan (SCMP). We highly appreciate the staff of Tula primary school for allowing us to use their classrooms for holding our meetings.
We are indebted to staff of the Ministries of Northern Kenya and Other Arid Lands, Livestock Development, Agriculture, Water and Irrigation, Forestry and Wildlife and Office of the President – Provincial Administration for their contribution and facilitation towards the SCMP preparation.
Our heartfelt appreciation goes to Howard Buffet Foundation through Global Water Initiative (GWI) and Austrian Development Cooperation through Building Drought Resilience (BDR) Projects for funding and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for providing technical support. We are also grateful to Omar Abdi and colleagues from the Water Resources Management Authority (WRMA) – Lower Tana for their inputs. Logistics and facilitation could not have been possible without Mohamed Shalle – the Director, the Fafi Integrated Development Association (FaIDA) and his staff at FaIDA Head Office – Garissa and Ahmed Abdulrazak (IUCN- Eastern and Southern African Regional Office (ESARO).
The draft was written by Yasin Mahadi and Dr. Ahmed Mohamed (IUCN- ESARO), and Jaafarsadiq Hassan (FaIDA). Comments and contributions were received from Dr. Eliot Taylor, Sarah Gibbons, Guyo Roba and John Owino all from IUCN- ESARO.
Page ii
Table of ContentsAcknowledgment ......................................................................................................................................................... iiList of tables................................................................................................................................................................ ivList of figures .............................................................................................................................................................. ivAcronyms ..................................................................................................................................................................... v
Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 11.1 Overview of adapted SCMP development ........................................................................................... 1
Chapter 2: Overview of Sub-Catchment .................................................................................................................. 3
Chapter 3: Catchment Characteristics: Baseline on current status and management of water and land resources .................................................................................................................................................. 53.1 Community resource mapping............................................................................................................ 53.2 Current status of resources ................................................................................................................. 53.3 Management units............................................................................................................................... 73.4 Existing management practices .......................................................................................................... 83.5 Population and settlement ................................................................................................................... 83.6 Problem identification and ranking..................................................................................................... 8
Chapter 4: Management approach ..........................................................................................................................11
Chapter 5: Resource availability and demand ....................................................................................................... 16
Chapter 6: Natural resources allocation for sustainable, equitable and efficient use by communities ............ 19
Chapter 7: Resource protection ............................................................................................................................... 23
Chapter 8: Implementation of catchment protection activities ............................................................................ 28
Chapter 9: Capacity building .................................................................................................................................. 31
Chapter 10: Infrastructure development to boost resource conservation and mitigate against disasters and conflicts ........................................................................................................................... 33
Chapter 11: Stakeholder analysis for right based approach and poverty reduction .......................................... 37
Chapter 12: Participatory monitoring and evaluation .......................................................................................... 39
Chapter 13: Finance and implementation of project activities ............................................................................. 41
Chapter 14: Mainstreaming and up-scaling of the approach ............................................................................... 43
Appendices ................................................................................................................................................................. 45Appendix 1: Pair-wise ranking of identified problems ........................................................................... 45Appendix 2: Features and locations visited during the SCMP preparation ............................................ 46Appendix 3: List of participants ............................................................................................................. 48Appendix 4: Work plan and Budget ....................................................................................................... 49Appendix 5: Field visit photos................................................................................................................ 60
Page iii
List of TablesTable 1 Estimated livestock population in Tula sub-catchment ............................................................................ 7
Table 2 Population distribution in Tula sub-catchment ......................................................................................... 8
Table 3 Proposed baseline studies/surveys on natural resources in sub-catchment .............................................. 9
Table 4 Proposed management interventions to build community resilience and enhance sustainable resource use and management in sub-catchment ................................................................. 12
Table 5 Daily estimates of water demand in five centres of Tula sub-catchment ............................................... 16
Table 6 Daily water demand by livestock in Tula sub-catchment ....................................................................... 16
Table 7 Areas required for sustaining livestock during drought and normal year ............................................... 16
Table 8 Pasture requirement by livestock ............................................................................................................ 17
Table 9 Elements to consider in estimating demand and sharing of resources .................................................... 18
Table 10 Current and future plans on resources utilization and sharing ................................................................ 19
Table 11 Community resource allocation plans for equity and efficient use in Tula sub-catchment ................... 20
Table 12 Planned activities for protection and conservation of key resources in sub-catchment ......................... 24
Table 13 Planned activities to reduce environmental degradation and conserve natural resources in Tula sub-catchment ............................................................................................................. 29
Table 14 Capacity building needs identified by community members and other stakeholders during SCMP development ..................................................................................................................... 32
Table 15 Infrastructural developments for resource management and mitigate impacts of drought ..................... 34
Table 16 Stakeholder analysis ................................................................................................................................ 37
Table 17 Proposed ways of enhancing relationship between different resource users in Tula sub-catchment ................................................................................................................................. 38
Table 18 Participatory monitoring and evaluation systems ................................................................................... 40
Table 19 Proposed activities to build capacity of WRUA and community members on financial management .. 42
Table 20 Strategies for mainstreaming and up-scaling of the adapted approach ................................................... 44
List of Figures Figure 1 Map of Lagha Tula Sub-catchment .......................................................................................................3
Figure 2 Current resource map drawn by ladies .................................................................................................6
Figure 3 Current resource map drawn by elders ..................................................................................................6
Figure 4 Current resource map drawn by youth ..................................................................................................6
Figure 5 Vision map drawn by ladies ................................................................................................................10
Figure 6 Vision map drawn by elders ................................................................................................................10
Figure 7 Vision map drawn by youth .................................................................................................................10
Page iv
Acronyms
ACF Action Against Hunger
ASALs Arid and Semi-Arid Lands
CDF Constituency Development Fund
FaIDA Fafi Integrated Development Association
GAA German Agro Action
IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature
KFS Kenya Forest Service
KWS Kenya Wildlife Service
MoA Ministry of Agriculture
MoLD Ministry of Livestock Development
MoWI Ministry of Water and Irrigation
NDMA National Drought Management Authority
NEMA National Environment Management Authority
NGOs Non-Governmental Organisations
SCMP Sub-Catchment Management Plan
WDC WRUA Development Cycle
WRMA Water Resource Management Authority
WRUA Water Resource Users Association
Page v
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Overview of adapted SCMP development The adapted Sub-Catchment Management Plan (SCMP) for arid land is a working document developed through a participatory process by engaging relevant stakeholders, including Water Resource Users Association (WRUA), other resource users associations, government officials and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) to effectively manage and conserve natural resources through integrated natural resource management. SCMPs consider both water and land resource management components to enhance equitable and sustainable resource management to improve the livelihood of communities in sub-catchments.
The SCMP preparation followed the WRUA Development Cycle (WDC) guide with some additions to address the particular issues associated with Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) of Kenya. ASALs faces different challenges compared to more humid environments and as such require different kinds of attention. The uncharacteristic nature of ASALs is manifested in the following, amongst other things:
• Unique, heterogeneous and fragile ecosystems that are prone to degradation
• Most of the land is communally owned and migration is the back bone for survival
• Poverty levels are high and communities rely heavily on natural resources for their livelihood
• There are increasing constraints to mobility as dry season fodder/forage reserves are converted to arable agriculture. Mobility is further constrained by haphazard and mushrooming settlements in pasture areas
• The spread of invasive weeds, such as Prosopis juliflora, are adversely affecting natural pastures
• Adverse impacts of climate change in recent decades that contribute to higher rainfall variability and low reliability than in the past
• Weak governance due to dysfunctional traditional/customary laws and institutions and poorly or non-functioning modern laws and institutions, leading to the proliferation of unsustainable management practices
• Poor understanding of dryland systems leading to inappropriate approaches to development
The Tula sub-catchment, for which this adapted SCMP was developed, is an arid land comprising 90% range-, mainly pastoral, land. Consequently, the need to integrate the rangeland planning and management component into this SCMP is of paramount importance in order to ensure holistic management of resources.
The adapted SCMP is a plan that aims to ensure sustainable management of both land and water resources in the sub-catchment area in order to enhance the livelihoods of communities. The plan entails a participatory approach in both the planning and management of resources. It is designed to ensure equitable sharing of benefits associated with the exploitation of resources, supported by effective governance mechanisms that also mainstream gender.
In order to help realise development of the adapted SCMP, experts from IUCN (from both the Drylands and Water and Wetlands Programmes) and WRMA conducted a ‘Training of Trainers (ToT)’ workshop on rangeland and water management planning process for ASALs in Garissa between 22nd and 24th August 2012. The training equipped community members and relevant stakeholders on ways of integrating rangeland management planning and sub-catchment (water) management planning process aimed at allowing them to produce an adapted SCMP that caters for the special needs of the dryland environment.
An adapted SCMP is a plan for 5 years with provision of adjustments based on prevailing conditions.
Specific objectives of an adapted SCMP are:
• To improve management of water and land resources to enhance livelihoods
• To improve the ability of the rangeland and riparian areas to provide ecosystem services
• To improve the governance of land and water resources by promoting stakeholders participation in Natural Resource Management (NRM)
• To improve compliance to water, land and environmental regulations
• To develop well-governed and self-reliant WRUA and other resource users
Page 1
The adapted SCMP was developed through a participatory process involving all the relevant stakeholders through meetings held at the Tula primary school from 4th to 11th September 2012. Prior to starting work on chapters of the adapted SCMP, WRUA members and other stakeholders involved in SCMP preparation were sensitised and enlightened on the steps required in the development of adapted SCMPs in order to enable them understand and follow the recommended procedure. The adapted SCMP has a total of 14 chapters and various methods were used during SCMP development including:
• Group work (stakeholder input): community members and other participants participated as individuals in the development of SCMP chapters by contributing ideas, providing information and acting as facilitators in some sessions
• Discussion: after the content of each chapter was prepared, there was a discussion session where participants gave their comments and made any additions or adjustments.
• Transect walk: based on the problems identified by community members, participants were divided into groups to visit specific sites related to each problem. Related information, such as the location name, GPS coordinates, problem/issue, planned/possible activities to solve the problem etc were also collected.
• Literature review and data collection from different departments: various reference materials were reviewed to obtain relevant information to use in compilation of some sections of the SCMP. Data was also obtained from different government departments including from WRMA, the Ministry of Livestock Development, the Kenya Forest Service etc.
The following key stakeholders participated in development of this adapted SCMP:
• WRUA members
• Ministry of Livestock Development (MoLD)
• Ministry of Agriculture (MoA)
• National Drought Management Authority (NDMA)
• Water Resource Management Authority (WRMA)
• Kenya Forest Service (KFS)
• Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS)
• Fafi Integrated Development Association (FaIDA)
• International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
• Ministry of Water and Irrigation (MWI)
Page 2
Chapter 2: Overview of Sub-Catchment
The Tula sub-catchment lies in the Tana North District of Tana River County in Coast province. It covers an area of 1275.28 km2. The Tula sub-catchment is situated in an arid district of Tana North and the area experiences frequent drought like other ASALs in Kenya. The area receives erratic rainfall that varies between 200-450 mm/yr with the long rains occurring between April and June and the short rains between November and December. The Tula sub-catchment records high temperatures ranging between 24 and 38 OC, with a mean annual temperature of 30 OC. January and February are the hottest months and June-July the coldest. The dominant soil type is sandy in the sub-catchment areas with slight variation in areas along the laghas (dry river beds) that have a mixture of loam and sand due to siltation effect that occurs during rainy seasons.
The inhabitants of the sub-catchment are mainly pastoralists deriving their livelihood mainly from livestock keeping activities. In recent years, settlements have mushroomed in several localities in addition to the major centres previously established.
Communities in the Tula sub-catchment rely heavily on the natural resources available to them both within and outside the sub-catchment boundary. Neighbouring communities also have access to the resources in the Tula area, such as pasture and water resources. Natural resources are the life line of the Tula community as well as some of the neighbouring populace and there is thus a need to effectively and sustainably manage these resources for the wellbeing of the population. An integrated land and water resources management approach provides a suitable platform for such a sustainable management approach, including allocation and monitoring of resources to meet the communities’ social, economic and environmental needs. SCMP preparation is pinned on the principles of integrated land and water management approaches in order to achieve the results desired by all the stakeholders involved.
There are a myriad of socio-economic and environmental challenges facing communities of Tula sub-catchment. Among the key problems identified by community members were water scarcity, charcoal production, mining (gypsum), drought, human-wildlife conflict, influx of pastoralists (resulting in overgrazing), highway accidents due to speeding
Figure 1 Map of Lagha Tula Sub-catchment
Page 3
(due to lack of speed bumps on local roads) resulting in both human and livestock deaths, the lack of health facilities and livestock diseases. These problems affect the wellbeing of communities in the Tula sub-catchment. In the course of the SCMP preparation, communities and other stakeholders identified various potential interventions, the individuals or institutions who/that should be involved and the resources required to overcome the challenges. The details are covered in Chapter 4 and subsequent chapters.
The Tula community is actively involved in management of natural resource in various ways. The sub-catchment has a WRUA in place whose mandate is to sustainably manage water and other natural resources. The WRUA’s membership is voluntary and currently consists of people from varied backgrounds including pastoralists, traders and women. The WRUA works closely with various line ministries and government agencies, in particular WRMA and Ministry of Water. IUCN, in partnership with WRMA and FaIDA, also works with the WRUA; this work is focussed mainly in enhancing their capacity in natural resource management and resource governance through strengthening of traditional institutions and laws on resource use and management, as well as by initiating activities that build community resilience to drought and curtail environmental degradation.
Page 4
Chapter 3: Catchment Characteristics
Baseline on current status and management of water and land resources
3.1 Community resource mappingIn order to get an accurate picture of baseline conditions, especially the nature and location of natural (including water) resources, community members drew resource maps of the sub-catchment. Such ‘community resource maps’ were used as an important data gathering tool as they help show the status of resources, as well as the issues/challenges that negatively affect them. They also provide information on how best to manage them, and give understanding on the common resources that require protection from all community members. Finally, such maps also allow others to know what resources their sub catchment is endowed with.
The maps shown in Figure 2, 3 & 41 reflect community resource boundaries as opposed to administrative ones. They also show agreed management units, mobility (pattern of the livestock movement during dry and wet seasons), water sources; wet and dry season pastures, minerals resources, crop farming, influx patterns, roads, settlements, the location and nature of resource management problems, degraded sites and the nature and location of existing management practices. Community maps are also an important tool to aid in understanding landscape level planning and management in pastoral set ups.
3.2 Current status of resources The Tula sub-catchment is mainly comprised of rangeland occupied by pastoralist communities who rely on livestock and natural resources for their survival. Communities also run small-scale business, mainly as shops, charcoal production, Mirra/Khat (Catha edulis) sale and restaurants. The area is endowed with various natural resources; key among them are livestock, water, pasture/fodder, forest, wildlife and minerals.
Water resources The sub-catchment has numerous seasonal laghas, the major ones being Tula and Arer. Many shallow wells are also located along the laghas and are mainly used for watering small stocks and occasionally for human consumption. There are water pans in major villages throughout the sub-catchment area and these are mainly reserved for human consumption. Water bowser and tankering is another source of water, especially by well-to-do families and is also promoted by some NGOs and government agencies.
There is water scarcity in Tula sub-catchment and this often results in human-wildlife conflict over water resources due to competition mainly around water pans. Defecation and urination by wildlife and livestock also causes water pollution. Currently, the Tula sub-catchment has no water allocation plan in place.
Pasture and fodder Communities practice a pastoralism life style where their livestock depend on free access to pasture and fodder. Currently, however, there is no wet and dry season grazing system in place and pasture and fodder resources are utilised both by the Tula community and other migrant pastoralists. There have been no incidences of conflict over use of resources between Tula community and outsiders but there have been incidences reported among outsider groups. The Tula sub-catchment is endowed with numerous grasses (Aristida spp, Entropogon macrostachyus, Eragrostis sp, Sprobolus helvolus, Chloris roxburghiana, Tetrapogon sp) legumes and shrubs (Indigofera spp, Tephrosia spp, Seracocomopsis pallida, Ipomea donaldsonii, Cordia spp, Anistosis tannensis, Acacia spp, Duospermum spp.), trees (Acacia tortilis), and shrub species that are used as pasture and fodder by livestock and wildlife. As there is no grazing plan in place, there is often to over-utilisation of some areas and this is compounded by the influx of pastoralists from outside the Tula sub-catchment. Gypsum mining in the areas results in the development of mine pits; these lead to land degradation where pasture and tree regeneration is greatly hampered. Another major problem is the establishment of fixed water points in various localities; these result in the formation of settlements and act as an agent for overgrazing and land degradation. In some instances, wealthy livestock traders (often outsiders) use water bowsers to provide water for their livestock. In doing 1 In the course of SCMP development, community members divided themselves into three groups (ladies, elders and youth) and each group drew current status
map; these are shown in Figure 2,3&4
Page 5
Figure 2 Current resource map drawn by ladies Figure 3 Current resource map drawn by elders
Figure 4 Current resource map drawn by youth
Page 6
so, they station their livestock in one locality for a long period which also results in overexploitation of pasture resources. Recurrent drought is also a major problem adversely affecting the regeneration and survival of both pasture and fodder yielding vegetation.
LivestockLivestock is the main asset of communities living in the Tula sub-catchment. Communities rear different kinds of livestock with the main ones being camels, cattle, goats, sheep, donkeys and poultry. Almost every household depends on livestock for subsistence and as a source of income. In recent years income from the livestock sector has been reduced due to severe and recurrent drought experienced in the sub-catchment area. Although there has been a reduction in the number of livestock because of this, the importance of livestock to livelihood cannot be overemphasised and it is envisaged to remain the mainstay for Tula communities. Table 1 gives estimate of the numbers of livestock in the Tula sub-catchment.
Forest and woodlands resource The Tula sub-catchment rangeland is dominated by Acacia-Commiphora spp. woodland. Communities utilise forest and woodland resources for firewood, fodder, charcoal, building materials and non-wood products like honey, dye etc. The main woodland species in sub-catchment include A. tortilis, A. mellifera, A. senegal, A. reficiens, Delonix elata, Termainalia orbicularis, Boscia spp, Boswelia neglecta, Commiphora pseudpaolii and C. Africana. The biggest threats to these forest and woodland areas are those of deforestation, charcoal production and mining.
Wildlife resources The Tula sub-catchment is rich in wildlife resources and its proximity to the Kora National Park makes the area a prime habitat for a diverse species of wildlife. Communities live harmoniously with wildlife and understand the importance of wildlife to the national economy. Many are aware of the vital role that wildlife play in influencing vegetation survival and wellbeing, for example the role they play in encouraging sprouting of natural vegetation through grazing and as a source of manure for better vegetation growth. There are, however, still incidences of human-wildlife conflict in the areas, mainly caused by wild animals preying on livestock, especially in the areas directly bordering the National Park.
Wildlife species common in the Tula sub-catchment include: wild dog (Lycaon pictus), African elephant (Loxodonta africana), lion (Panthera leo), Grevy’s zebra (Equus grevyi), Somali ostrich (Struthio camelus molybdophanes), reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata), hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious), lesser kudu (Tragelaphus imberbis), plains zebra (Equus quagga), aardvark (Orycteropus afer), genet cat (Genetta sp.), African civet cat (Civettictis civetta), white-tailed mongoose (Ichneumia albicauda), spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), leopard (Panthera pardus), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas), African wildcat (Felis sylvestris), honey badger (Mellivora capensis), Olive/Yellow baboon (Papio Anubis/cyanocephalus), African hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris), ground squirrel (many species), lesser bush baby (Galago senegalensis), spring hare (Pedetes capensis), gerenuk (Litocranius walleri), dik dik (Madoqua kirkii), warthog (Phacochoerus aethiopicus), tortoise (Geochelone sulcata), porcupine (Hystrix cristata), as well as many different kinds of snakes and numerous bat and bird species.
Mineral resourcesGypsum is currently mined in the area by a private company. Communities don’t benefit from this process which may at least in part explain why there have been many complaints over the effect of gypsum mining on pasture land, for example how there is minimal grass and tree regeneration in previously mined areas.
3.3 Management units Community members divided the sub-catchment into two management units, pastoral and settlement units, for ease of management during SCMP preparation. Pastoral units were composed of vast rangelands that are communally owned and freely accessible by Tula residents, neighbouring communities and communities from elsewhere. Pastoral units are critical for the wellbeing of Tula communities and as such are given much attention in terms of their management. The challenges facing pastoral units are enormous and there have been calls for dedicated efforts and resources to overcome these challenges. The key challenges include: Water scarcity, charcoal production, mining (gypsum), drought, human-wildlife conflict, influx of pastoralists (resulting in overgrazing) and livestock diseases.
Table 1 Estimated livestock population in Tula sub-catchment
Livestock type Numbers
Camel 3000
Goats 10000
Cattle 1000
Total 14000Source: Lagha Tula community members (2012)
Page 7
Settlement units consisted of dwelling areas and business premises. There are five major centres in the sub-catchment but the numbers of settlements are increasing in many localities. The new settlements are appearing due to the sedenterisation of people who drop out of pastoralism, or who opt to settle family members as they herd livestock. The increase in the number and locations of settlements has been deleterious to the environment and, by extension, to the livelihoods of communities in the sub-catchment. The rise in the number and location of settlements is also associated with overgrazing, the increase in charcoal production, littering (for example with polythene) and the increasing over-utilisation of water resources.
3.4 Existing management practicesCommunities in Tula still uses some traditional/customary rules to manage their resources, although the extent to which this happens has weakened compared to the past. There is, for example, apportionment of water for human and livestock use achieved by establishment of separate water pans for human and livestock utilisation. Occasional conflicts have been recorded in the area, mainly related to use of the water pan that is normally reserved for human consumption. These have resulted as a consequence of some outside pastoralists unlawfully watering their livestock at the wrong pan and without prior approval from the Tula community. Communities collaborate with relevant government ministries and various NGOs in the management and conservation of their resources. Wet and dry season grazing areas are not clearly delineated in the sub-catchment and there are no distinctive rules and regulations that separate the use and utilisation of resources by the Tula community and outsider groups.
3.5 Population and settlement The Tula sub-catchment has an estimated population of 4,950 people distributed around five main villages (Tula, Bulto Banta, Bii Gadud, Arer and Libile).
3.6 Problem identification and ranking Although the Tula SCMP area has vast natural resources there are many challenges facing the Tula communities and that limit their wellbeing. Below are the problems they identified, ranked in order of importance.2
1. Water scarcity2. Charcoal production3. Mining (Gypsum)4. Drought5. Human-wildlife conflict6. Influx of pastoralists (resulting in overgrazing)7. Lack of speed-bumps on the highway (resulting in both human and livestock deaths)8. Lack of health facilities9. Livestock diseases
For the purpose of this management plan, only the first six problems are considered with regards identification of possible solutions and sourcing of resources.
As with most management plans it is important to establish and then work from an agreed baseline. Generally, however, there is little information on the status of natural resources or the activities related to use that influences their condition. In order to enhance the development of a sound management plan there was a need to gain more information on the current status of the natural resources in the sub-catchment area. To this end, community members and other stakeholders involved in SCMP preparation identified certain subjects for which there were need to gather more baseline information. Table 3 outlines the activities proposed.
2 See Appendix 1 for pair-wise ranking
Table 2 Population distribution in Tula sub-catchment
Name of the village Population
Tula 2500
Bulto Banta 1500
Bii Gadud 500
Arer 250
Libile 200
Total 4950Source: Tula community (2012)
Page 8
Tabl
e 3
Prop
osed
bas
elin
e st
udie
s/su
rvey
s on
natu
ral r
esou
rces
in th
e Tu
la su
b-ca
tchm
ent a
rea
Page 9
Targ
et: O
btai
n ad
equa
te n
atur
al r
esou
rce
data
O
vera
ll ou
tput
: Rel
iabl
e cu
rren
t nat
ural
res
ourc
e da
ta c
ompi
led
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Tim
e fr
ame
Whe
reB
udge
t (ks
hs)
100,
000
500,
000
100,
000
700,
000
100,
000
400,
000
100,
000
600,
000
100,
000
600,
000
100,
000
800,
000
100,
000
700,
000
100,
000
900,
000
100,
000
8 M
illio
n
100,
000
9 M
illio
n
12.1
Mill
ion
Prob
lem
Sub-
tota
l
Hum
an-w
ildlif
e co
nfl ic
t
Sub-
tota
l
Sub-
tota
l
Ove
rgra
zing
Con
duct
sur
vey
on h
uman
-wild
life
confl
ict
Con
duct
gra
zing
su
rvey
Con
duct
en
viro
nmen
tal
asse
ssm
ent/a
udit
Sub-
tota
l
Con
duct
geo
logi
cal
surv
ey to
ass
ess
min
ing
pote
ntia
l
Bas
elin
e su
rvey
on
wat
er re
sour
ces
Wat
er re
sour
ces
asse
ssm
ent (
grou
nd
and
surf
ace
wat
er)
Lac
k of
dat
a on
w
ater
reso
urce
s
Sub-
tota
l
Min
ing
• D
esig
n of
fi el
d m
etho
dolo
gy
and
data
col
lect
ion
(Con
sulta
ncy)
• H
old
feed
back
mee
tings
to
sha
re re
sults
with
the
stak
ehol
ders
• C
omm
unity
sen
sitiz
atio
n
Dat
a co
llect
ion
Hol
d fe
edba
ck m
eetin
gs
to s
hare
resu
lts w
ith th
e st
akeh
olde
rs
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
Dat
a co
llect
ion
on L
ives
tock
po
pula
tion
coun
tpa
stur
e an
d fo
dder
Hol
d fe
edba
ck m
eetin
gs
to s
hare
resu
lts w
ith th
e st
akeh
olde
rs
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
• E
nvir
onm
enta
l ass
essm
ent/
audi
t
• H
old
feed
back
mee
tings
to
sha
re re
sults
with
the
stak
ehol
ders
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
• G
eolo
gica
l sur
vey
Hol
d fe
edba
ck m
eetin
gs
to s
hare
resu
lts w
ith th
e st
akeh
olde
rs
Con
sulta
nt
Con
sulta
nt
WR
MA
• K
WS
• C
onsu
ltant
• M
oLD
• C
omm
unity
repr
esen
tativ
es•
Chi
ef
• IU
CN
and
oth
er N
GO
s•
Tana
Riv
er C
ount
y C
ounc
il
• M
oLD
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• Se
lect
ed c
omm
unity
mem
bers
• N
EM
A
• K
FS•
Com
mun
ity re
pres
enta
tives
• Ta
na R
iver
Cou
nty
Cou
ncil
• G
eolo
gy d
epar
tmen
t of M
inis
try
of
Env
iron
men
t and
Min
eral
Res
ourc
es
• N
EM
A•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Con
sulta
nt
Wat
er re
sour
ces
asse
ssm
ent r
epor
t
Feed
back
mee
ting
repo
rt
Hum
an-w
ildlif
e co
nfl ic
t rep
ort
Fiel
d da
ta re
port
Feed
back
repo
rt
Gra
zing
and
liv
esto
ck b
asel
ine
repo
rt
Rep
ort o
n liv
esto
ck
popu
latio
n
Feed
back
mee
ting
repo
rt
Env
iron
men
tal
Ass
essm
ent r
epor
t
Aud
it re
port
Feed
back
repo
rt
Com
mun
ity
cons
ulta
tion
repo
rt
Geo
logi
cal s
urve
y re
port
• Su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
and
acc
epte
d re
port
• D
etai
led
data
on
loca
tion,
vol
ume,
sea
sona
lity
etc
of s
urfa
ce a
nd g
roun
d w
ater
Mee
ting
succ
essf
ully
hel
d an
d re
port
sha
red
• Su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
and
acc
epte
d re
port
• D
etai
led
data
on
loca
tion,
nat
ure,
spec
ies i
nvol
ved
etc.
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith
stak
ehol
ders
• Su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
and
acc
epte
d re
port
• D
ata
on li
vest
ock
popu
latio
ns a
nd p
astu
re/f
odde
r us
age
• R
epor
ts s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
and
use
d w
idel
y by
diff
eren
t sta
keho
lder
s
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith
stak
ehol
ders
• Su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
and
acc
epte
d re
port
• D
ata
and
info
rmat
ion
on th
e en
viro
nmen
tal
impa
cts
of m
inin
g, e
spec
ially
with
rega
rd to
na
tura
l res
ourc
es, i
nclu
ding
wat
er
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd a
ccep
ted
by
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith
the
stak
ehol
ders
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
repo
rt c
ompl
eted
su
cces
sful
ly
• G
eolo
gica
l rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
Mar
ch 2
013
May
201
3
June
201
3
June
201
3
July
201
3
Jan
2013
Feb
2013
June
201
3
July
201
3
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
• C
omm
unity
sen
sitis
atio
n (T
rans
port
, Exp
ertis
e,
Stat
ione
ry, L
unch
es)
• W
RM
A (l
ead
agen
cy. I
n su
bseq
uent
row
s th
e or
gani
satio
n w
hich
is m
entio
ned
fi rst
is
the
lead
age
ncy)
• M
inis
try
of W
ater
and
Irri
gatio
n (M
oWI)
• IU
CN
Fiel
d de
sign
repo
rt
Succ
essf
ul c
ompl
etio
n of
des
ign
repo
rt
May
201
3
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
• K
WS
• C
omm
unity
repr
esen
tativ
es•
Tana
Riv
er C
ount
y C
ounc
il •
Min
istr
y of
Liv
esto
ck D
evel
opm
ent (
MoL
D)
• C
hief
•
Ken
ya p
olic
e
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
Tota
l cos
t
Feed
back
mee
ting
repo
rt
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith
stak
ehol
ders
Figure 5 Vision map drawn by ladies Figure 6 vision map drawn by elders
Figure 7 vision map drawn by youth
Page 10
Chapter 4: Management approach
This chapter outlines the mechanisms and activities identified as needing to be implemented in order to overcome the current natural resources management challenges facing community members. The sub-catchment is classified as alarm due to water scarcity, environmental degradation (charcoal production), human-wildlife conflict, influx of pastoralists and frequent drought. The chapter also based on the challenges and opportunities also explores ways of sustainably maximising the benefits accruing from the resources that are available in sub-catchment.
To embrace inclusiveness which is core area that adapted SCMP propagates. Community members and other stakeholders during SCMP development proposed various interventions and management practices to overcome problems facing community of Tula sub-catchment. The process of coming up with appropriate interventions involved consultative discussions among the participants spearheaded by community members and supported by various technical personnel from various government department and NGOs. For each problem intervention activities were carefully identified, responsible person or institution earmarked, outputs, indicators, when and where the proposed activities are supposed to take place. See table 4 for details.
As part of the planning process, community members drew ‘vision maps’ depicting what they would like to see in 5 years’ time assuming proper resource management practices. These were drawn taking into consideration the current challenges facing them, the interventions they proposed and current resource maps. Community members tried as much as possible to eliminate the current problems facing them and included solutions in terms of the activities they will implement. They also added other elements that they felt would raise their living standard. The community ‘vision maps’ are shown in Figure 5, 6&7.
Most of the proposed activities will be spearheaded by community members with technical and financial support from government and other donor agencies. Lagha Tula WRUA is expected to mobilise community members to actively participate in proposed activities. Lagha Tula WRUA is an association registered with Social Service Registration Number TND (BAN) CBO/5340 and the office of the Attorney General Registration Number 0459145; they work closely with WRMA and other institutions like IUCN. The WRUA covers five main villages, namely Tula, Bulto Banta, Bii Gadud, Libile and Arer. Members of the WRUA are mainly pastoralists and a small portion of members are also small-scale traders. Currently, the WRUA is tasked with management of natural resources especially water, and general environmental protection including control of deforestation; it intends to upscale its mandate to include pasture and fodder management in the future.
Community elders are involved in giving advice on resource use and are also heavily involved in conflict resolution. Community members using the WRUA as a platform also engage with government departments in issues around management, protection, efficient use of resources, reporting and apprehending of criminals and/or those who break agreements and norms on resource use.
Page 11
Tabl
e 4
Prop
osed
man
agem
ent i
nter
vent
ions
Page 12
Targ
et: T
o bu
ild c
omm
unity
resi
lienc
e an
d en
hanc
e su
stai
nabl
e re
sour
ce u
se a
nd m
anag
emen
t in
the
Tula
sub
-cat
chm
ent t
o be
spe
arhe
aded
by
WR
UA
mem
bers
and
oth
er s
take
hold
ers
Ove
rall
outp
ut: T
he c
omm
unity
with
in th
e su
b-ca
tchm
ent u
nder
stan
d th
e ec
olog
ical
, com
mer
cial
and
live
lihoo
d zo
nes
and
appr
opri
ate
mec
hani
sms
to s
olve
the
exis
ting
reso
urce
cha
lleng
es
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)
600,
000
Prob
lem
Sub-
tota
l
Map
ping
the
sub-
catc
hmen
ts in
to
man
agem
ent u
nit
Aw
aren
ess
crea
tion
on s
usta
inab
le
char
coal
pro
duct
ion
and
man
agem
ent
Cap
acity
bui
ldin
g of
WR
UA
and
co
mm
unity
mem
bers
on
wat
er m
anag
emen
t
Wat
er s
carc
ity
Sub-
tota
l
• W
RM
A•
IUC
N•
FaID
A
Con
sulta
nt a
ssis
ted
by•
WR
MA
• IU
CN
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• K
FS•
Chi
ef
• C
ount
y co
unci
l•
Tula
com
mun
ity
• W
RU
A m
embe
rs
• IU
CN
• W
RM
A•
Nat
iona
l Env
iron
men
t Man
agem
ent
Aut
hori
ty (N
EM
A)
• K
FS•
Chi
ef•
Cou
nty
coun
cil
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
WR
UA
mem
bers
•
IUC
N•
Nat
iona
l Env
iron
men
t Man
agem
ent
Aut
hori
ty (N
EM
A)
• W
orks
hop
repo
rt
on m
anag
emen
t of
exi
stin
g w
ater
so
urce
s
• A
war
enes
s ra
isin
g re
port
• C
omm
unity
se
nsiti
zatio
n re
port
Res
ourc
e m
aps
Aw
aren
ess
crea
tion
repo
rt o
n su
stai
nabl
e ch
arco
al p
rodu
ctio
n an
d m
anag
emen
t
• R
epor
t on
stak
ehol
der m
eetin
g to
con
stitu
te
char
coal
pro
duce
r as
soci
atio
ns
• B
y-la
ws
on
char
coal
pro
duct
ion
Wor
ksho
p re
port
suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith re
leva
nt s
take
hold
ers
Rep
ort s
hare
d w
ith re
leva
nt s
take
hold
ers
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
Res
ourc
e m
aps
succ
essf
ully
com
plet
ed a
nd in
use
by
var
ied
stak
ehol
ders
• A
war
enes
s cr
eatio
n re
port
suc
cess
fully
dra
fted
an
d ci
rcul
ated
to re
leva
nt s
take
hold
ers
• C
harc
oal p
rodu
cer a
ssoc
iatio
ns s
ucce
ssfu
lly
form
ed a
nd o
pera
tiona
l
• B
y-la
ws
succ
essf
ully
dra
fted
and
use
d
Jan
2013
Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t•
Wor
ksho
p on
man
agem
ent
of e
xist
ing
wat
er s
ourc
es
(3da
ys)
• W
RU
A (O
rgan
isat
ion
nam
ed fi
rst i
s th
e le
ad
agen
cy in
eac
h ro
w)
• M
oWI
• W
RM
A
• IU
CN
• O
ther
NG
Os
• B
y-la
ws
By-
law
s in
pla
ce a
nd e
ffec
tivel
y ut
ilise
d by
co
mm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
UA
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
MA
• IU
CN
• O
ther
rele
vant
gov
ernm
ent d
epar
tmen
ts
Cha
rcoa
l pro
duct
ion
• Fo
rmat
ion
of b
ylaw
s an
d en
hanc
e en
forc
emen
t
• A
war
enes
s ra
isin
g on
reso
urce
use
and
m
anag
emen
t und
er
devo
lved
sys
tem
of
gove
rnm
ent
(5 b
araz
as)
• C
omm
unity
sen
sitis
atio
n
• D
igiti
satio
n of
com
mun
ity
reso
urce
map
s (I
mag
e cl
assi
fi cat
ion,
gro
und
trot
hing
and
val
idat
ion,
pr
intin
g, s
hari
ng w
ith
part
ners
and
com
mun
ity
mem
bers
)
• C
reat
ing
awar
enes
s on
eff
ect o
f cha
rcoa
l pr
oduc
tion
• Fo
rmat
ion
of c
harc
oal
prod
ucer
s as
soci
atio
n th
at p
ract
ice
sust
aina
ble
char
coal
pro
duct
ion
• Fo
rmul
atio
n a
nd
impl
emen
tatio
n of
by-
law
s on
cha
rcoa
l pro
duct
ion
• W
RU
A•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• W
RM
A•
IUC
N•
Oth
er re
leva
nt g
over
nmen
t dep
artm
ents
• K
FS•
WR
UA
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
MA
• IU
CN
• O
ther
rele
vant
gov
ernm
ent d
epar
tmen
ts
Mar
ch 2
013
Jan
2013
Apr
il 20
13
June
201
3
Dec
201
2
Feb
2013
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
1.5
Mill
ion
250,
000
2.35
Mill
ion
1000
00
1 m
illio
n
1.1
Mill
ion
100,
000
300,
000
300,
000
Page 13
Bud
get (
kshs
)A
ctiv
ities
Sub-
activ
ityR
espo
nsib
ility
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsW
hen
Whe
rePr
oble
m
• K
FS•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• W
RU
A
• IU
CN
• Fa
IDA
• R
elev
ant l
ine
min
istr
ies
• L
ives
tock
dep
artm
ent
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
•
IUC
N
• Fa
IDA
WR
MA
• N
EM
A•
Com
mun
ity
• Pr
ovin
cial
adm
inis
trat
ion
• D
istr
ict e
nvir
onm
ent c
omm
ittee
• IU
CN
• N
EM
A
• C
omm
unity
•
Prov
inci
al a
dmin
istr
atio
n •
Dis
tric
t env
iron
men
t com
mitt
ee•
IUC
N
• M
inin
g co
mpa
ny•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs•
Adm
inis
trat
ion
offi c
ials
•
Dis
tric
t env
iron
men
t com
mitt
ee
• W
oodl
ot
man
agem
ent p
lan
• C
omm
unity
co
nsul
tatio
n re
port
• Tr
aini
ng re
port
on
iden
tifi e
d liv
elih
oods
• R
epor
t on
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
iden
tifi e
d liv
elih
ood
• V
ideo
clip
s of
im
plem
ente
d ac
tiviti
es
• C
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
g re
port
• R
epor
t on
the
enfo
rcem
ent
mod
aliti
es
• M
OU
• M
onito
ring
repo
rt
• R
epor
t on
cons
ulta
tive
mee
ting
• W
oodl
ot m
anag
emen
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd
in u
se b
y va
riou
s st
akeh
olde
rs
• Tr
aini
ng re
port
suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith re
leva
nt s
take
hold
ers
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s •
Part
icip
ator
y vi
deo
prod
uced
and
sha
red
with
re
leva
nt s
take
hold
ers
• C
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
gs c
ondu
cted
that
add
ress
the
need
s of
all
the
conc
erne
d pa
rtie
s
• N
umbe
r of e
nfor
cem
ent
activ
ities
suc
cess
fully
co
mpl
eted
•
Num
ber o
f mal
prac
tices
suc
cess
fully
cor
rect
ed b
y N
EM
A o
ffi c
ials
• M
OU
that
cat
ers
for t
he n
eeds
of t
he c
omm
unity
m
embe
rs a
nd c
ompa
ny s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
• R
ehab
ilita
tion
mon
itori
ng p
lan
put i
n pl
ace
that
is
acce
ptab
le to
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs a
nd c
ompa
ny
• K
FS•
WR
UA
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
IUC
N•
Oth
er re
leva
nt g
over
nmen
t dep
artm
ents
• R
epor
t out
linin
g re
leva
nt a
ltern
ativ
e liv
elih
oods
to
be
adop
ted
• L
ives
tock
dep
artm
ent
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
•
IUC
N
• Fa
IDA
• W
RM
A
• B
enefi
t sh
arin
g m
echa
nism
agr
eed
upon
by
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs, c
ompa
ny a
nd re
leva
nt
gove
rnm
ent d
epar
tmen
t
Iden
tifi c
atio
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of a
ltern
ativ
e liv
elih
oods
Sub-
tota
l
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f woo
dlan
d m
anag
emen
t pla
n
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
to id
entif
y al
tern
ativ
e liv
elih
oods
• Tr
aini
ng
on id
entifi
ed
livel
ihoo
ds (r
esto
ckin
g)
• Im
plem
enta
tion
of
iden
tifi e
d liv
elih
ood
(res
tock
ing)
• C
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
gs
invo
lvin
g co
mm
unity
, m
inin
g co
mpa
ny a
nd
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s (3
m
eetin
gs)
• M
obili
se N
EM
A to
en
forc
e ru
les
on m
inin
g
• D
evel
op M
OU
bet
wee
n Tu
la c
omm
unity
and
M
inin
g co
mpa
ny
• M
onito
r reh
abili
tatio
n ac
tiviti
es o
n th
e de
grad
ed
site
s
• C
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
g w
ith c
ompa
ny to
agr
ee
on th
e be
nefi t
sha
ring
m
odal
ities
Hol
d fe
edba
ck m
eetin
gs
to s
hare
resu
lts w
ith th
e st
akeh
olde
rs
Sub-
tota
l
• E
ngag
e m
inin
g co
mpa
ny/n
ies
in
envi
ronm
enta
l re
habi
litat
ion
and
bene
fi t s
hari
ng
Min
ing
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
• C
ompa
ny s
taff
• N
EM
A
Sub-
tota
l
• E
ngag
e m
inin
g co
mpa
ny/n
ies
in
bene
fi t s
hari
ng
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Com
pany
•
Gov
ernm
ent l
ine
min
istr
ies
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Feed
back
mee
ting
repo
rt
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
hare
d w
ith
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s
Sub-
tota
l
Aug
ust 2
013
Oct
ober
201
3
Oct
ober
201
3
Nov
201
2
Jan
2013
Jan
2013
Apr
il 20
13
Feb
2013
Mar
ch 2
013
Sub-
tota
l
Tula
1 M
illio
n
1.7
Mill
ion
100,
000
1 M
illio
n
5 M
illio
n
6.1
Mill
ion
300,
000
20,0
00
50,0
00
100,
000
470,
000
50,0
00
50,0
00
100,
000
Page 14
• C
omm
unity
co
nsul
tatio
n re
port
•
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
•
MoL
D
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
IUC
N•
MoW
I •
NG
Os
(FaI
DA
, Ger
man
Agr
o A
ctio
n (G
AA
)
• Zo
ning
of d
ry
and
wet
sea
son
graz
ing
area
s
Dro
ught
•
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n
Bud
get (
kshs
)A
ctiv
ities
Sub-
activ
ityR
espo
nsib
ility
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsW
hen
Whe
rePr
oble
m
• M
onito
ring
and
enfo
rcem
ent o
f the
pla
n (c
ontin
uous
)
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Offi
cial
s of
the
live
stoc
k de
partm
ent
• M
onito
ring
and
enfo
rcem
ent r
epor
t •
Num
ber o
f mon
itorin
g ac
tiviti
es u
nder
take
n an
d m
alpr
actic
es re
ctifi
ed
Sub-
tota
l
Dev
elop
and
st
reng
then
ear
ly
war
ning
sys
tem
s
• D
ocum
ent t
he e
xist
ing
and
tradi
tiona
l ear
ly w
arni
ng
syst
ems
Sub-
tota
l •
WR
UA
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
IUC
N•
Met
eoro
logi
cal d
epar
tmen
t •
WR
MA
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• N
DM
A
• R
epor
t on
the
early
w
arni
ng s
yste
ms
• In
corp
orat
ion
of s
ome
of th
e ea
rly w
arni
ng
syst
ems
in p
lann
ing
proc
esse
s
• In
tegr
ate
tradi
tiona
l and
m
oder
n ea
rly w
arni
ng
syst
ems
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
UA
•
Met
eoro
logi
cal d
epar
tmen
t •
IUC
N•
ND
MA
• R
epor
t on
mod
es
of in
tegr
atin
g tra
ditio
nal a
nd
mod
ern
early
w
arni
ng s
yste
ms
• In
tegr
ated
sys
tem
s/pl
ans
in u
se b
y va
rious
st
akeh
olde
rs
Sub-
tota
l
• In
trodu
ctio
n of
re
stric
tions
on
the
keep
ing
lives
tock
ar
ound
set
tlem
ent
(<15
kms)
, exc
ept
milk
ing
herd
s
• Se
nsiti
zatio
n m
eetin
gs (5
)•
Sens
itiza
tion
mee
tings
(5)
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e•
Adm
inis
tratio
n •
Line
min
istri
es (L
ives
tock
)
• Se
nsiti
zatio
n m
eetin
g re
ports
• N
umbe
r of s
ensi
tizat
ion
mee
tings
suc
cess
fully
co
mpl
eted
• En
forc
emen
t •
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• A
dmin
istra
tion
• En
forc
emen
t re
ports
•
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
who
are
app
rehe
nded
due
to
non-
com
plia
nce
with
the
law
•
Num
ber o
f enf
orce
men
t offi
cers
/indi
vidu
als
allo
cate
d to
the
wor
k or
em
ploy
ed
Sub-
tota
l
• Im
plem
ent
lives
tock
off
-take
be
fore
dro
ught
pe
riod
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
to a
gree
on
the
num
ber
and
the
cost
of o
ff-ta
ke p
er
lives
tock
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e•
Line
min
istri
es (D
epar
tmen
t of L
ives
tock
)•
Adm
inis
tratio
n
• C
omm
unity
co
nsul
tatio
n re
port
Sub-
tota
l •
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
•
Mee
ting
atte
nded
by
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s
• Ex
ecut
ion
of o
ff-ta
ke•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• Li
ne m
inis
tries
(Dep
artm
ent o
f Liv
esto
ck)
• A
dmin
istra
tion
• R
epor
t on
the
off-
take
act
ivity
• N
umbe
r of
lives
tock
suc
cess
fully
off
-take
n
Sub-
tota
l
• St
reng
then
ing
exis
ting
peac
e co
mm
ittee
s to
re
duce
con
fl ict
ove
r re
sour
ces
durin
g dr
ough
t per
iods
• Tr
aini
ng th
e co
mm
ittee
s on
con
fl ict
reso
lutio
n (2
se
ssio
ns e
very
yea
r)
• IU
CN
• Fa
IDA
• W
RM
A•
Line
min
istri
es
• C
onfl i
ct re
solu
tion
train
ing
repo
rt
• N
umbe
r of p
eace
com
mitt
ee m
eetin
gs
succ
essf
ully
hel
d
• Ex
posu
re v
isit
for p
eace
co
mm
ittee
s to
are
as w
ith
activ
e pe
ace
initi
ativ
es
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• IU
CN
• W
RM
A
• Fa
IDA
• Se
lect
ed li
ne m
inis
try s
taff
• Ex
posu
re v
isit
repo
rt an
d ac
tion
plan
s
• Ex
posu
re v
isit
succ
essf
ully
con
duct
ed a
nd a
ctio
n pl
ans
exec
uted
Mar
ch 2
013
June
201
3
June
201
3
Nov
201
3
Jan
2013
cont
inuo
us
Aug
ust
of
each
ye
ar (2
013-
2017
)
Oct
ober
and
Jan
of
eac
h ye
ar
Mar
ch 2
013
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
200,
000
200,
000
100,
000
100,
000
200,
000
250,
000
500,
000
750,
000
500,
000
500,
000
1M
illio
n
1 m
illio
n
500,
000
100,
000
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Adm
inis
tratio
n •
WR
UA
offi
cial
s
• R
epor
t on
the
confl
ict
and
confl
ict r
esol
utio
ns
in th
e su
b-ca
tchm
ent
• N
umbe
r of s
urve
illan
ce c
ondu
cted
and
num
ber o
f co
nfl ic
ts re
solv
ed s
ucce
ssfu
lly
• St
reng
then
re
latio
ns b
etw
een
KW
S an
d co
mm
unity
Hum
an-w
ildlif
e co
nfl ic
t (H
WC
)
• Su
rvei
llanc
e an
d co
nfl ic
t re
solu
tion
Bud
get (
kshs
)A
ctiv
ities
Sub-
activ
ityR
espo
nsib
ility
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsW
hen
Whe
rePr
oble
m
Sub-
tota
l
• Se
nsiti
zatio
n an
d tra
inin
gs o
n in
terv
entio
ns
• K
WS
• M
oLD
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
• M
inut
es o
f the
m
eetin
g on
the
way
s of
enh
anci
ng
rela
tions
hip
betw
een
KW
S an
d co
mm
unity
• M
eetin
g su
cces
sful
ly h
eld
and
prod
uced
stra
tegi
es
on w
ays
of e
nhan
cing
rela
tions
hip
• C
oope
rate
with
the
KW
S to
min
imis
e co
nfl ic
t (e
.g. t
rans
-loca
ting
to p
rote
cted
are
as o
f pr
edat
ors)
• K
WS
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Adm
inis
tratio
n
• M
eetin
g re
ports
• M
inut
es o
n th
e st
rate
gies
of
trans
-loca
ting
wild
an
imal
s
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
• N
umbe
r of w
ild a
nim
als
trans
-loca
ted
to o
ther
ar
eas
• Ex
plor
e th
e po
ssib
ilitie
s an
d m
echa
nism
s fo
r the
im
plem
enta
tion
of a
co
mpe
nsat
ion
sche
me
for
HW
C in
cide
nts
• K
WS
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Adm
inis
tratio
n
• M
eetin
g re
port
• Fo
rmat
ion
of
liais
on c
omm
ittee
be
twee
n K
WS
and
com
mun
ity
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
• Li
aiso
n co
mm
ittee
suc
cess
fully
form
ed
• In
itiat
e co
rpor
ate
soci
al re
spon
sibi
lity
prog
ram
mes
• K
WS
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Adm
inis
tratio
n
• Fo
rmat
ion
of th
e co
mm
ittee
invo
lved
in
ove
rsee
ing
impl
emen
tatio
n of
ac
tiviti
es
• C
omm
ittee
cha
mpi
onin
g fo
r cor
pora
te s
ocia
l re
spon
sibi
lity
form
ed a
nd fu
nctio
nal
Sub-
tota
l
Infl u
x of
pa
stor
alis
ts fr
om
else
whe
re le
adin
g to
loca
l ove
rgra
zing
• C
ontro
l infl
ux
of p
asto
ralis
ts in
co
ordi
natio
n w
ith
outs
ider
s
• C
reat
e by
-law
s to
con
trol
infl u
x of
pas
tora
lists
• Se
nsiti
sing
the
outs
ider
s on
the
exis
ting
byla
ws
•
Surv
eilla
nce
on
com
plia
nce
with
the
exis
ting
rule
s
• C
omm
unity
• M
oLD
• Pr
ovin
cial
adm
inis
tratio
n/co
unty
go
vern
men
t •
WR
UA
•
IUC
N
• B
y-la
ws
on
cont
rolli
ng o
f ex
tern
al p
asto
ralis
ts
and
graz
ing
• R
epor
t/Min
utes
on
sen
sitiz
atio
n m
eetin
g d
one
• Su
rvei
llanc
e re
port
• B
y-la
ws
acce
pted
by
com
mun
ities
and
su
cces
sful
ly a
pplie
d to
bot
h re
side
nts
and
outs
ider
s•
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
who
are
sen
sitis
ed e
xist
ing
law
s on
infl u
x co
ntro
l•
Num
ber o
f sur
veill
ance
suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
Tota
l cos
t
Con
tinuo
us
Oct
201
2
Con
tinuo
us
June
201
3
Each
yea
r be
twee
n A
ugus
t to
Nov
embe
r (2
012-
2017
)
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
1.6
mill
ion
200
,000
150,
000
100,
000
450,
000
300,
000
300,
000
16.
32 M
illio
n
Sub-
tota
l
Page 15
Chapter 5: Resource availability and demand
Communities depend for the better part on the land and water resources available to them within their sub-catchment area. Establishing the current and potential future demand for resources within this area, and at the same time ascertaining the existing resources resource and likely future availability will help in planning communities to use the resources equitably and sustainably. The Tula community has varied water resources distributed within their sub-catchment. For example, there are water pans in Tula, Bii Gadud, Libile and Bulto Banta villages, water holes along the lagha Tula. There is only one borehole in Tula which has been non-operational for the last 5 years. Water demand and consumption varies across the villages with Tula having the highest demand due to the size of its population. Livestock are confined within the boundaries of sub-catchment during normal time when pasture and water are adequate but during drought period they travel as far as Galole (over 100km).
Water demand The main sources of water for communities living in Tula sub-catchment are water pans, shallow wells and water trucking from Garissa during dry seasons.
Table 5 Daily estimates of water demand in five centres of Tula sub-catchment
Centre Population Water demand Total water demand (20L/d…) in cubic metres m3/d
Tula 2500 0.02 50
Bulto Banta 1500 0.02 30
Bii Gadud 500 0.02 10
Arer 250 0.02 5
Libile 200 0.02 4
Total 4950 99 Source: Tula Community (2012)
Table 6 Daily water demand by livestock in Tula sub-catchment
Type Population Water demand Total demand (in m3/livestock/d) (m3/d)
Camel 3,000 0.06 180
Cattle 1,000 0.045 45
Goat 10,000 0.001 10
Total 14,000 235Sources: District Livestock Production Office (2012), Tula Community (2012)
Pasture demand The amount of pasture required by livestock depends on season. Livestock often need to cover large areas in search of adequate pasture during drought periods as compared to normal times for example. Table 7 shows estimates of the area of pasture required to sustain a given number of livestock during both drought and normal years and Table 8 gives estimates of the weight of fodder required by livestock.
Page 16
Table 7 Areas required for sustaining livestock during drought and normal year
Livestock Area (in km2)required for pasture (Weekly)
Normal Drought
Camel (100) 4 100
Cattle (200) 4 100
Goat (300) 4 25Source Tula community (2012)
Fuel wood demand An estimated 300 households in the Tula area are dependent on surrounding vegetation to meet their fuel wood needs and the trend is similar in other villages in the Tula sub-catchment. Each household collects firewood every two days on average, and based on the current density and nature of woodland, an area of a 1 km radius is estimated to be required to meet the firewood demands of these 300 households for period of 5 years. This estimate was based on communities estimate of the distance travelled in search of firewood over period of time. Women estimated that in a span of every 5 years they travel extra kilometre in search of firewood within their locality.
In addition to inputs from community members, technical staff from government departments and NGOs, who also participated in formulation of the SCMP, suggested a number of actions etc that will help in estimating the demand and equitable sharing of resources. These are shown in Table 9.
Table 8 Pasture requirement by livestock
Type Population Average body Percentage calculation Average Requirement Total requirement weight(kg) for pasture per animal per day (kg/day) (kg/day)
Camel 3000 400 8% body weight 32 96000
Cattle 1000 250 8% body weight 20 20000
Goats 10000 45 10% body weight 5 50000
Total 166000 Source: District Livestock Production Office (2012) and Tula community (2012)
Page 17
Targ
et: E
stab
lish
natu
ral r
esou
rce
dem
and
and
supp
ly fo
r Tul
a Su
b-ca
tchm
ent
Ove
rall
outp
ut: A
dequ
ate
date
on
natu
ral r
esou
rce
dem
and
and
supp
ly e
stab
lishe
d
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)
1.2
mill
ion
Prob
lem
Sub-
tota
l
Dev
elop
reso
urce
al
loca
tion
plan
for
past
ure/
fodd
er a
nd
wat
er
• A
sses
smen
t of
past
ure/
fodd
er
pote
ntia
l, re
serv
e an
d ba
lanc
e
Live
stoc
k ho
ldin
g ca
paci
ty p
lan
and
map
s
Res
ourc
e al
loca
tion
plan
for p
astu
re/
fodd
er a
nd w
ater
• Tu
la C
omm
unity
•
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent
• IU
CN
• W
RM
A
• Tu
la C
omm
unity
•
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent r
epre
sent
ativ
es
• IU
CN
• W
RM
A•
Line
min
istri
es
• Tu
la C
omm
unity
•
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent r
epre
sent
ativ
es
• IU
CN
• W
RM
A
Live
stoc
k ho
ldin
g ca
paci
ty m
ap/p
lan
prod
uced
Bas
elin
e re
port
outli
ning
reso
urce
sh
arin
g
By-
law
s on
reso
urce
sh
arin
g
Stak
ehol
der m
eetin
gs
• R
epor
t pro
duce
d on
tim
e an
d is
acc
epte
d•
Acc
urat
e da
ta a
nd in
form
atio
n on
ove
rall
area
s, w
et a
nd d
ry se
ason
are
as, d
isea
ses e
tc a
vaila
ble
• Li
vest
ock
hold
ing
capa
city
map
/pla
n in
pla
ce a
nd
used
by
vario
us st
akeh
olde
rs
• R
epor
t su
cces
sful
ly fi
nalis
ed
• B
y-la
ws i
n pl
ace
and
used
by
all t
he st
akeh
olde
rs
in th
e su
b-ca
tchm
ent
• M
eetin
gs su
cces
sful
ly c
ondu
cted
by
invo
lvin
g re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
June
201
3Tu
la
• Es
timat
e liv
esto
ck n
umbe
rs
in b
oth
dry
and
wet
seas
ons
• D
eter
min
e ac
reag
e o
f gr
azin
g la
nd in
sub-
catc
hmen
t •
Del
inea
te d
ry a
nd w
et
seas
on g
razi
ng a
reas
•
Estim
ate
prod
uctiv
ity o
f gr
azin
g ar
eas
• A
sses
s dis
ease
pre
vale
nce
for a
ll liv
esto
ck ty
pe
• D
evel
op a
live
stoc
k ho
ldin
g ca
paci
ty p
lan
and
map
s
• M
oLD
• Pr
ovin
cial
adm
inis
tratio
n/C
ount
y G
over
nmen
t •
Com
mun
ity•
Cou
nty
coun
cil
• IU
CN
• W
RM
A
• B
asel
ine
stud
y on
reso
urce
sh
arin
g
• Fo
rmul
atio
n of
By-
law
s •
Stak
ehol
der m
eetin
gs
Aug
ust 2
013
Tula
1.2
Mill
ion
5000
00
Cos
t cov
ered
un
der b
ylaw
s on
reso
urce
use
200,
000
700,
000
1.9
Mill
ion
Sub-
tota
l To
tal
Tabl
e 9
Ele
men
ts to
con
side
r in
estim
atin
g de
man
d an
d sh
arin
g of
reso
urce
s
Page 18
Chapter 6: Natural resources allocation for sustainable, equitable and efficient use by communitiesThe scarcity of natural resources in the sub-catchment calls for proper, sustainable management and utilisation in order to achieve their equitable and efficient sharing and use. Like many other pastoralist communities, people in Tula utilise their resources communally and resources utilisation and sharing is based partly on traditional systems and, in some cases, also influenced by formal arrangement set by government. The Tula Community has organised itself at local level to set rules and norms on resource utilisation and sharing, mainly on water resources. This chapter covers norms and modalities to be adopted to ensure available resources are equitably shared among different users in Tula sub-catchment.
Water in Tula Sub-catchment is mainly used for domestic and livestock. There is free access by community members and demand exceeds supply due to increase in the number of livestock and human population in the area. Community use water troughs to water livestock to avoid wastage and enhance efficient water use. There are incidences of conflict over water resource use between the migrant pastoralists and community members.
Pasture utilization same as water resource is an open access resource to Tula community and other migrant pastoralists and get scarce during dry season but abundant during rain periods. There is no conflict over pasture in Tula sub-catchment among the pastoralists but there are cases of wildlife-human conflict where wildlife kills livestock especially during dry season. In Tula sub-catchment currently there is no wet and dry season grazing plan in place.
Community mainly uses forest as source of fuel wood (firewood and charcoal), building materials and occasionally carving. Products sourced from the forest serve both domestic and commercial interest of the community. There is no restriction in place currently on exploitation of forest resources. Table 10 shows how community currently utilizes and share resources in their locality and proposed plans in future.
Community members also discussed extensively various mechanisms of ensuring sustainable, equitable resource use and sharing by different groups of people within sub-catchment and also outside groups. Table 11 details various plans and actions to be undertaken to realise sustainable, efficient and equitable resource use.
Resource
Water
Pasture
Forest (Fuel-wood )
Current use status • The functional water pan is reserved for domes-
tic use only
• Shallow wells along the lagha Tula are utilised by small stocks (goats and sheep)
• Tula communities share their water resources with migrant/passing by pastoralists
• Tula community members try as much as pos-sible to avoid wastage of water
• Livestock use water troughs so as to avoid con-tamination of water pans
• There are currently no restrictions on grazing in place either for the inhabitants of the Tula sub-catchment or visitors to the area
• There is no organised system of wet and dry season grazing areas
• Open access use practice
• Only dead wood should be harvested
• Long pieces of firewood should be cut into smaller pieces
Future plans • Maintain separate water pans for domestic and live-
stock uses
• Construction of proper inlet to water pan reserved for livestock
• Revive the Tula borehole and put in place proper operation and maintenance practices/systems
• Fence water pans to put in place control systems to enhance efficient use of water
• Need for provision of seeds for reseeding pasture fields
• Delineation of wet and dry season grazing areas and enforcement of the practice by community members
• Training on how to reseed and manage planted pasture fields
• Need for training and provision of more efficient fuel wood utilisation practices e.g. use of energy saving stoves
• Training on biogas production
• Residue wood pieces to be used
Table 10 Current and future plans on resources utilization and sharing
Page 19
Targ
et: T
o de
velo
p na
tura
l res
ourc
e al
loca
tion
plan
s
Ove
rall
outp
ut: N
atur
al re
sour
ce a
lloca
tion
plan
s in
pla
ce
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)
300,
000
Res
ourc
es
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f w
ater
allo
catio
n pl
ans
(WA
P)
Wat
er
• C
onsu
ltant
•
WR
MA
•
WR
UA
offi
cial
s
• W
RU
A•
WR
MA
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e•
IUC
N
• Fa
IDA
• Li
ne m
inis
tries
• C
omm
unity
se
nsiti
zatio
n re
port
• A
bstra
ctio
n su
rvey
re
port
• W
orks
hop
repo
rt on
al
loca
tion
plan
• D
raft
allo
catio
n pl
an
• N
umbe
r of c
omm
unity
mem
bers
suc
cess
fully
se
nsiti
zed
on a
lloca
tion
plan
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed a
nd u
sed
by
vario
us s
take
hold
ers
• D
raft
allo
catio
n su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
Janu
ary
2013
to
June
201
3Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t•
Com
mun
ity s
ensi
tisat
ion
(3
days
) •
WR
UA
• M
oWI
• C
hief
• El
ders
•
KW
S•
Com
mun
ity•
MoL
D•
MoA
•
IUC
N•
FaID
A•
WR
MA
• N
DM
A
• A
bstra
ctio
n su
rvey
to
asse
ss q
uant
ity a
nd q
ualit
y
• Pr
epar
e dr
aft a
lloca
tion
plan
Wor
ksho
p to
dev
elop
al
loca
tion
plan
Janu
ary
2013
to
June
201
3Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t
1Mill
ion
300,
000
200,
000
2 M
illio
n
1 M
illio
n
• C
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
g w
ith
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s to
va
lidat
e th
e dr
aft p
lan
• W
RU
A•
WR
MA
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
•
IUC
N•
FaID
A
• C
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
g re
port
• Va
lidat
ion
mee
ting
succ
essf
ully
hel
d
• Pu
blis
h th
e pl
an in
prin
t m
edia
for p
ublic
ity a
nd
com
men
ts
• W
RM
A
• W
RU
A
• IU
CN
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• N
ewsp
aper
adv
ert
on a
lloca
tion
plan
•
Allo
catio
n pl
an s
ucce
ssfu
lly p
ublis
hed
in th
e ne
wsp
aper
and
com
men
ts re
ceiv
ed fr
om d
iffer
ent
stak
ehol
ders
• Su
bmit
plan
for
gaze
ttem
ent
• W
RM
A
• W
RU
A•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e
• P
ublic
atio
n of
the
plan
in th
e ga
zette
•
Succ
essf
ul g
azet
tem
ent o
f the
pla
n
• En
forc
e th
e al
loca
tion
plan
•
WR
UA
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
MA
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
es
• En
forc
emen
t pla
n in
pl
ace
• En
forc
emen
t pla
n su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
and
di
ssem
inat
ed to
all
the
stak
ehol
ders
1
Mill
ion
• Se
nsiti
satio
n on
ab
stra
ctio
n, w
ater
use
pe
rmits
and
wat
er u
ser
char
ges
• En
forc
e co
mpl
ianc
e of
wat
er u
se p
erm
it co
nditi
ons
as p
er
Wat
er A
ct 2
002/
WR
M ru
les
2007
• W
RU
A•
WR
MA
• M
oWI
• C
hief
• El
ders
•
KW
S•
Com
mun
ity•
MoL
D•
MoA
•
IUC
N•
FaID
A•
ND
MA
• C
omm
unity
se
nsiti
sed
on
acce
ptab
le
abst
ract
ion
leve
ls,
issu
ance
and
use
of
perm
its to
ent
renc
h eq
uita
ble
shar
ing
of
reso
urce
s•
Sens
itiza
tion
repo
rt
• N
umbe
r of t
he e
nfor
cem
ent s
ucce
ssfu
lly
com
plet
ed
• A
mou
nt o
f mon
ey c
olle
cted
as
a re
sult
of th
e en
forc
emen
t of W
ater
Act
200
2/W
RM
rule
s 20
07
500,
000
Tabl
e 11
Com
mun
ity re
sour
ce a
lloca
tion
plan
s for
sust
aina
ble,
equ
itabl
e an
d ef
ficie
nt u
se in
Tul
a su
b-ca
tchm
ent
Page 20
Past
ure &
fodd
er
Janu
ary
2013
to
June
201
3Tu
la su
b-
catc
hmen
t•
Dev
elop
com
plia
nce
plan
•
Dev
elop
ing
a co
mpl
ianc
e pl
an o
n w
ater
ab
strac
tion
and
use
base
d on
w
ater
Act
• W
RUA
• M
oWI
• Ch
ief
• El
ders
•
KW
S•
Com
mun
ity•
MoL
D•
MoA
•
IUCN
• Fa
IDA
• W
RMA
• N
DM
A
• Co
mpl
ianc
e pl
an•
Com
plia
nce
repo
rt de
liver
ed o
n tim
e an
d ac
cept
ed•
Plan
ava
ilabl
e an
d in
use
300,
000
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Budg
et (k
shs)
Res
ourc
es
Sub-
tota
l
• D
evel
opm
ent
of g
razi
ng
man
agem
ent
plan
s
• Co
mm
unity
con
sulta
tion
• W
RUA
• M
oWI
• Ch
ief
• El
ders
•
KW
S•
Com
mun
ity•
MoL
D•
MoA
•
IUCN
• Fa
IDA
• W
RMA
• N
DM
A
• G
razi
ng
man
agem
ent p
lans
• Pl
ans d
eliv
ered
on
time
and
acce
pted
• Pl
ans a
vaila
ble
and
in u
seM
ay 2
013
Dec
embe
r 201
3Tu
la su
b-ca
tchm
ent
6.6
Mill
ion
100,
000
• U
se li
vesto
ck h
oldi
ng
capa
city
pla
n an
d m
aps
(tabl
e 8)
to a
lloca
te g
razi
ng
zone
s/pat
tern
s
• W
RUA
• M
oWI
• Co
unty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Chie
f•
Elde
rs
• K
WS
• Co
mm
unity
• M
oLD
• M
oA
• IU
CN•
FaID
A•
WRM
A•
ND
MA
• Co
mm
unity
sens
itiza
tion
on
new
gra
zing
man
agem
ent
plan
• M
oWI
• W
RUA
• N
DM
A•
Coun
ty re
pres
enta
tive
• Ch
ief
• El
ders
•
KW
S•
Com
mun
ity•
MoL
D
• A
lloca
tion
of
graz
ing
zone
s/pa
ttern
s pla
ns
• Co
mm
unity
se
nsiti
zatio
n re
port
• G
razi
ng z
ones
/pat
tern
s suc
cess
fully
dev
elop
ed
in c
onsu
ltatio
n w
ith v
ario
us st
akeh
olde
rs
• N
umbe
r of c
omm
unity
mem
bers
sens
itize
d on
th
e gr
azin
g m
anag
emen
t pla
n
300,
000
100,
000
Sub-
tota
l 50
0,00
0
Page 21
Janu
ary
- A
pril
2014
Tula
sub-
catc
hmen
t •
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n•
Dev
elop
men
t of
phys
ical
pla
ns
(Set
tlem
ent
patte
rn, r
oads
an
d ot
her
infra
struc
ture
)
• W
RUA
• M
oWI
• Ch
ief
• El
ders
•
KW
S•
Com
mun
ity
• M
oLD
• M
oA
• IU
CN•
FaID
A•
WRM
A•
ND
MA
• Co
mm
unity
co
nsul
tatio
n re
port
• Re
port
succ
essf
ully
com
plet
ed
100,
000
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Budg
et (k
shs)
Res
ourc
es
Sub-
tota
l
1 M
illio
n
Land
• En
gage
con
sulta
nt to
un
derta
ke p
hysic
al p
lan
•
Cons
ulta
nt
• W
RUA
• Co
mm
unity
mem
bers
•
Coun
ty re
pres
enta
tive
• Ph
ysic
al p
lan
• Ph
ysic
al p
lan
succ
essf
ully
pro
duce
d a
nd in
use
by
diff
eren
t sta
keho
lder
s
• D
issem
inat
ion
and
sens
itiza
tion
of p
hysic
al
plan
to c
omm
unity
• Co
unty
repr
esen
tativ
e•
WRU
A•
Line
min
istrie
s
• Re
port
on
diss
emin
atio
n of
the
phys
ical
pla
n
• Ph
ysic
al p
lan
succ
essf
ully
diss
emin
ated
to
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
10
0,00
0
1.2
Mill
ion
Min
eral
s •
Dev
elop
men
t of
min
eral
ex
ploi
tatio
n pl
ans
• Co
mm
unity
con
sulta
tion
to d
evel
op e
ngag
emen
t pr
otoc
ols
• W
RUA
• M
oWI
• Ch
ief
• El
ders
•
KW
S•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• M
oLD
• M
oA
• IU
CN•
FaID
A•
WRM
A•
ND
MA
• Re
port
on th
e w
ays o
f eng
agin
g th
e re
leva
nt
stake
hold
ers
• Re
port
draf
ted
and
shar
ed w
ith re
leva
nt
stake
hold
ers
July
201
3Tu
la S
ub-
catc
hmen
t10
0,00
0
• D
rafti
ng o
f min
eral
ex
ploi
tatio
n pl
an w
ith a
ll re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
• Co
mm
unity
mem
bers
•
Coun
ty re
pres
enta
tives
• Li
ne m
inist
ries
• M
iner
al ex
ploi
tatio
n pl
an
• M
iner
al e
xplo
itatio
n pl
an su
cces
sful
ly d
rafte
d an
d us
ed b
y re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
300,
000
• En
forc
emen
t and
im
plem
enta
tion
of p
lan
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• Co
unty
repr
esen
tativ
es•
Line
min
istrie
s
• Re
port
on th
e en
forc
emen
t of t
he
plan
• Ex
ploi
tatio
n pl
an su
cces
sful
ly e
xecu
ted
250,
000
Sub-
tota
l 65
0,00
0
8.9
5 M
illio
nTo
tal
Page 22
Chapter 7: Resource protection
The Lagha Tula WRUA is currently the main force behind water protection and environmental conservation in the sub-catchment. The WRUA works closely with community elders, members and government line ministries with community members involved at various levels in protecting their resources. Set out below are details of the ways in which the Tula community are involved in conserving and protecting their natural resources.
Water resources• Agreements that enhance protection of water points, e.g. restricting access to water points by animals; ensuring
efficient use of water by animals, and preventing contamination of water points by fencing of water pans and boreholes
• By-laws to protect the water points e.g reserving some dams for human utilisation only
• Guards/watchmen to protect boreholes from vandalism and thieves in Tula (although these are absent at other sites like Arer and Bii Gadud)
• Implementation of clean- up activities around the water pans to minimise contamination from animal dung by WRUA members and community at large
• Protect of water pan embankments through grass planting
Pasture• Patrols to check and prevent unauthorised grass burning
• Selection and appointment of elders to sensitise the community on the effects of grass burning
• Consideration of the need for issuance of permits for charcoal production
Forest • Restrictions on the cutting of live trees
• Collecting primarily/exclusively dead wood for firewood
• Tree planting in homesteads
During SCMP preparation community members deliberated on ways of protecting their key natural resources in consultation with other stakeholders. Table 12 gives a detailed account of proposed activities to protect and conserve key resources in the sub-catchment
Page 23
Wat
er
Nov
201
2 Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t •
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n (i
dent
ifi ca
tion
of s
ites)
• Fe
ncin
g of
wat
er
pans
(4 w
ater
pa
ns)
• C
omm
unity
•
WR
MA
•
IUC
N•
FaID
A•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e
• C
omm
unity
co
nsul
tatio
n re
port
•
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
10
0,00
0
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)R
esou
rces
Targ
et: e
ffec
tive
prot
ectio
n of
the
exis
ting
natu
ral r
esou
rces
in o
rder
to a
chie
ve d
esir
ed s
ervi
ces
O
vera
ll ou
tput
: cat
chm
ent m
aint
ain
abili
ty to
pro
vide
requ
ired
ser
vice
s
• M
eetin
g w
ith o
ffi ci
als
of
wat
er u
sers
•
WR
UA
offi
cia
ls
• Se
lect
ed c
omm
unity
eld
ers
• M
eetin
g re
port
• M
eetin
g re
port
suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
• A
gree
men
t rea
ched
bet
wee
n of
fi cia
ls o
f WR
UA
an
d W
UA
Dec
201
250
,000
• C
ondu
ct p
erim
eter
su
rvey
and
pre
pare
bill
of
quan
titie
s
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
•
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• Su
rvey
repo
rt
• B
ill o
f qua
ntiti
es•
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
•
Bill
of q
uant
ities
pre
pare
d by
invo
lvin
g re
leva
nt
stak
ehol
ders
Feb
2013
80,0
00
• C
onst
ruct
ion
of th
e fe
nce
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
•
WR
MA
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e•
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• Fe
nce
cons
truc
ted
arou
nd s
elec
ted
wat
er p
oint
s
• Su
cces
sful
com
plet
ion
of th
e fe
nces
aro
und
the
sele
cted
wat
er p
oint
s M
arch
201
31.
6 M
illio
n
Form
atio
n of
wat
er
prot
ectio
n co
mm
ittee
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
to
sele
ct c
omm
ittee
mem
bers
•
WR
UA
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• Se
lect
ed c
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
MA
• R
epor
t on
com
mun
ity
cons
ulta
tion
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
M
ay 2
013
100,
000
• Se
lect
ion
of th
e co
mm
ittee
m
embe
rs a
nd s
ettin
g th
eir
role
s
• W
RU
A•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• W
RM
A
• R
epor
t on
the
sele
ctio
n of
the
com
mitt
ee m
embe
rs
• C
omm
ittee
mem
bers
suc
cess
fully
sel
ecte
d an
d th
eir r
oles
set
Ju
ne 2
013
50,0
000
Hir
ing
of w
atch
men
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
• Se
lect
ed c
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Wat
chm
en h
ired
•
Wat
chm
en h
ired
and
suc
cess
fully
exe
cute
the
assi
gned
task
s 30
0,00
0
Res
tora
tion
of la
gha
Tula
•
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n •
WR
UA
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• C
onsu
ltatio
n re
port
•
Con
sulta
tion
succ
essf
ully
exe
cute
d O
ctob
er 2
013
50,0
00
• Id
entifi
cat
ion
of s
ites
to b
e re
stor
ed•
WR
UA
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• Si
te id
entifi
cat
ion
repo
rt
• Si
te s
ucce
ssfu
lly id
entifi
ed
Nov
201
310
0,00
0
• M
arki
ng s
ites
• W
RU
A
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
• W
RM
A
• R
epor
t on
site
s m
arke
d •
Site
s su
cces
sful
ly m
arke
d th
roug
h in
volv
emen
t of
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s Ja
n 20
1410
0,00
0
• Pr
ocur
emen
t of t
ree
seed
lings
•
WR
UA
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs•
WR
MA
• IU
CN
• Pr
ocur
emen
t rep
ort
• R
ight
see
dlin
gs s
ucce
ssfu
lly p
rocu
red
Feb
2014
1 M
illio
n
• Pl
antin
g in
dige
nous
tree
s
on s
elec
ted
site
s
• W
RU
A
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
• W
RM
A•
IUC
N
• R
epor
t on
plan
ting
of th
e tr
ee s
eedl
ings
•
Num
ber o
f tre
es s
ucce
ssfu
lly p
lant
ed
Apr
il 20
1420
0,00
0
Lob
byin
g fo
r es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f sa
nita
tion
faci
litie
s al
ong
the
wat
er
sour
ces
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
• W
RU
A
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
• W
RM
A•
Lin
e m
inis
trie
s
• R
epor
t on
the
com
mun
ity
cons
ulta
tion
• C
onsu
ltatio
n su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
M
ar 2
013
50,0
00
• Id
entifi
cat
ion
of th
e si
tes
•
WR
UA
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs•
WR
MA
• L
ine
min
istr
ies
• Si
te id
entifi
cat
ion
repo
rt
• Si
tes
succ
essf
ully
iden
tifi e
d in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith re
leva
nt s
take
hold
ers
Mar
201
310
0,00
0
Tabl
e 12
. Pl
anne
d ac
tiviti
es fo
r pro
tect
ion
and
cons
erva
tion
of k
ey re
sour
ces i
n su
b-ca
tchm
ent
Page 24
June
201
3•
Solic
iting
for f
unds
•
WRU
A •
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs•
Min
utes
of t
he
mee
tings
atten
ded
in se
arch
of f
unds
• Am
ount
of m
oney
raise
d th
roug
h fu
nd ra
ising
10
0,00
0
Activ
ities
Sub-
activ
ityRe
spon
sibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Budg
et (k
shs)
Reso
urce
s
Sub-
tota
l
• Co
nstru
ction
of f
acili
ties
• W
RUA
• Co
mm
unity
mem
bers
• Sa
nitat
ion
facil
ity
estab
lishe
d •
Succ
essfu
l com
pleti
on o
f san
itatio
n str
uctu
res a
t th
e req
uire
d sit
e Au
gust
2013
1 M
illio
n
Enfo
rcem
ent o
f by
laws
• Co
mm
unity
sens
itiza
tion
• • W
RUA
offi c
ials
• Co
unty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WRM
A •
IUCN
• Co
mm
unity
se
nsiti
zatio
n re
port
• Nu
mbe
r of c
omm
unity
mem
bers
succ
essfu
lly
sens
itize
d on
byl
aws
Cont
inuo
us p
roce
ss10
0,00
0
• Se
lect e
nfor
cem
ent
com
mitt
ee
• W
RUA
• Co
mm
unity
mem
bers
• M
inut
e on
the
selec
tion
of th
e en
forc
emen
t co
mm
ittee
• En
forc
emen
t com
mitt
ee su
cces
sfully
selec
ted
50,0
00
• Fa
cilita
te en
forc
emen
t co
mm
ittee
• Co
unty
gov
ernm
ent
• W
RMA
• NG
Os•
Line
min
istrie
s•
Adm
inist
ratio
n
• Re
port
detai
ling
the f
acili
tatio
n ac
tiviti
es p
lanne
d or
und
ertak
en
• En
forc
emen
t com
mitt
ee su
cces
sfully
facil
itated
to
carry
out
the r
equi
red
dutie
s 20
0,00
0
Pastu
re •
• Pr
otec
tion
and
regu
latio
n on
pa
sture
util
isatio
n (c
ontro
l infl
ux
of
pasto
ralis
ts)
• Co
mm
unity
sens
itiza
tion
• Tu
la co
mm
unity
•
Prov
incia
l adm
inist
ratio
n/Co
unty
go
vern
men
t •
WRM
A •
IUCN
• KF
S
• Co
mm
unity
se
nsiti
zatio
n re
port
• Nu
mbe
r of c
omm
unity
mem
bers
sens
itize
d
Ju
ne 2
013
Sub-
total
Tula
sub-
catch
men
t
5.33
Mill
ion
100,
000
• Re
strict
live
stock
enter
ing
with
in a
15km
radi
us o
f se
ttlem
ents
• Tu
la co
mm
unity
•
Coun
ty g
over
nmen
t rep
rese
ntati
ves
• Co
ntin
uous
re
porti
ng o
n th
e situ
ation
s of
lives
tock
enter
ing
15km
radi
us
• Re
duce
d/no
live
stock
enter
ing
15km
radi
us
Cont
inuo
us
proc
ess
• En
forc
emen
t of w
et an
d dr
y se
ason
gra
zing
area
s•
Tula
com
mun
ity
• Co
unty
gov
ernm
ent r
epre
sent
ative
s•
Repo
rt on
the
enfo
rcem
ent a
spec
t (c
ontin
uous
)
• Op
erati
onal
wet a
nd d
ry se
ason
gra
zing
arra
ngem
ent
200,
000
• Se
nsiti
satio
n of
co
mm
uniti
es (b
oth
outsi
ders
and
loca
ls) o
n th
e adv
erse
effe
cts o
f de
fore
statio
n on
pas
ture
• Tu
la co
mm
unity
•
Coun
ty g
over
nmen
t rep
rese
ntati
ves
• Se
nsiti
zatio
n re
port
• Nu
mbe
r of p
eopl
e suc
cess
fully
sens
itize
d 10
0,00
0
• St
rateg
ically
loc
ating
wate
r po
ints
with
in ra
ngela
nds
(e.g
. by
avoi
ding
crea
tion
of m
any
water
poi
nts a
s thi
s wi
ll re
sult
in o
verg
razin
g)
• Tu
la co
mm
unity
•
Coun
ty g
over
nmen
t rep
rese
ntati
ves
• W
RMA
• Li
ne m
inist
ries (
Wate
r, Li
vesto
ck)
• Re
port
on th
e citi
ng
of th
e new
wate
r po
ints
with
in th
e ra
ngela
nds
• Su
cces
sfully
citin
g of
the w
ater p
oint
s in
the d
esig
nated
area
s tha
t doe
s not
resu
lt to
en
viro
nmen
tal d
egra
datio
n
Sub-
tota
l
500,
000
900,
000
Cont
inuo
us
Page 25
Fore
st
N
ov 2
012
Sub-
tota
lTu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t
• Se
nsiti
zatio
n an
d co
nsul
tatio
n of
the
com
mun
ity
• C
reat
e aw
aren
ess
on fo
rest
pr
otec
tion
and
man
agem
ent
• C
omm
unity
•
KFS
•
KW
S •
IUC
N•
FaID
A
• Pr
ovin
cial
adm
inis
tratio
n/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t
• A
war
enes
s ra
isin
g w
orks
hop
on fo
rest
pr
otec
tion
and
man
agem
ent h
eld
• Su
cces
sful
ly c
ondu
cted
aw
aren
ess
rais
ing
wor
ksho
p 10
0,00
0
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)R
esou
rces
• Fo
rmat
ion
of C
omm
unity
Fo
rest
Ass
ocia
tion
(che
ck
if re
peat
ed)
• C
omm
unity
•
KFS
•
IUC
N•
FaID
A
• Pr
ovin
cial
adm
inis
tratio
n/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t
• C
omm
unity
fore
st
asso
ciat
ion
form
ed
• O
pera
tiona
l com
mun
ity fo
rest
ass
ocia
tion
A
pril
2013
600,
000
• En
gage
men
t of F
ores
t sc
outs
and
com
mun
ity
mem
bers
(10
scou
ts)
• C
omm
unity
•
KFS
•
IUC
N•
FaID
A
• Pr
ovin
cial
adm
inis
tratio
n/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t
• Fo
rest
sco
uts
empl
oyed
• Fo
rest
sco
uts
effe
ctiv
ely
unde
rtaki
ng fo
rest
re
late
d w
orks
June
201
350
0,00
0
• Tr
ain
com
mun
ity
on fu
el e
ffi ci
ent
and
alte
rnat
ive
sour
ces
of e
nerg
y e.
g. fu
el e
ffi ci
ent
cook
sto
ves,
bi
ogas
etc
.
• W
orks
hop
on fu
el
effi c
ienc
y an
d al
tern
ativ
e so
urce
s of
ene
rgy
TOT
(3da
ys )
• C
omm
unity
•
KFS
•
KW
S •
IUC
N•
FaID
A
• Pr
ovin
cial
adm
inis
tratio
n/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t
• Tr
aini
ng o
n fu
el
effi c
ient
sto
ves,
bi
ogas
• N
umbe
r of s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ondu
cted
trai
ning
s on
fu
el e
ffi ci
ent s
tove
s an
d al
tern
ativ
e so
urce
s of
en
ergy
• Se
nsiti
zatio
n of
the
com
mun
ity b
y TO
Ts
(5da
ys)
• To
Ts
• Pr
ovin
cial
adm
inis
tratio
n/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t
• R
epor
t on
the
sens
itiza
tion
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
suc
cess
fully
sen
sitiz
ed
Oct
201
3
Nov
201
3
600,
000
250,
000
• Pr
ovis
ion
of e
nerg
y sa
ving
jik
os
• C
ount
y go
vern
men
t •
NG
Os
• K
FS
• Li
ne m
inis
tries
(ene
rgy,
env
ironm
ent)
• En
ergy
sav
ing
jikos
•
Num
ber o
f ene
rgy
savi
ng ji
kos
prov
ided
to th
e ho
useh
olds
and
ado
pted
Jan
2014
3 m
illio
n
Sub-
tota
l 5.
05 M
illio
n
Liv
esto
ck
Prot
ect l
ives
tock
fr
om a
dver
se
envi
ronm
enta
l co
nditi
ons
and
di
seas
es
• M
ovin
g liv
esto
ck to
rich
pa
stur
e ar
eas
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
MoL
D
• K
WS
• M
igra
tion
plan
de
velo
ped/
stre
ngth
ened
• Ef
fect
ive
use
of th
e m
igra
tion
pla
nC
ontin
uous
ac
tivity
Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t 50
,000
Prov
isio
n of
ve
terin
ary
serv
ices
(d
e-w
orm
ing,
di
ppin
g)
• Es
tabl
ish
vete
rinar
y st
ore
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
MoL
D
• D
ewor
min
g im
plem
ente
d •
Num
ber o
f liv
esto
ck re
ceiv
ing
dew
orm
ing
pills
or
med
icat
ion
40
0,00
0
• St
ock
of v
eter
inar
y dr
ugs
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
MoL
D
• St
ock
of v
eter
inar
y dr
ugs
in v
eter
inar
y ce
ntre
s
• N
umbe
r of t
he v
eter
inar
y ce
ntre
s st
ocke
d w
ith
vete
rinar
y dr
ugs
1 m
illio
n
• Tr
ain
com
mun
ity a
nim
al
wor
kers
(5
train
ings
)•
MoL
D•
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
NG
Os
• Tr
aini
ng re
ports
•
Num
ber o
f com
mun
ity m
embe
rs s
ucce
ssfu
lly
train
ed
1 m
illio
n
• Id
entif
y si
tes
for d
ip
cons
truct
ion
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
MoL
D
• R
epor
t on
the
site
s id
entifi
cat
ion
• Su
cces
sful
ly id
entifi
cat
ion
of s
ites
for d
ip
cons
truct
ion
done
thro
ugh
cons
ulta
tion
with
the
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
100,
000
Page 26
Wild
life
• C
onst
ruct
ion
of d
ips (
2 di
ps)
• Pr
otec
t liv
esto
ck
from
wild
ani
mal
at
tack
s
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
MoL
D•
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent
• N
GO
s
• D
ip c
onst
ruct
ed
• N
umbe
r of t
he d
ips s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
onst
ruct
ed
1.8
mill
ion
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)R
esou
rces
• Es
tabl
ishi
ng o
f his
toric
al
wild
life
corr
idor
s •
Tula
com
mun
ity
• K
WS
• C
ount
y go
vern
men
t rep
rese
ntat
ives
•
MoL
D
• W
ildlif
e co
rrid
or
esta
blis
hed
• N
umbe
r of t
he w
ildlif
e su
cces
sful
ly e
stab
lishe
d th
roug
h co
nsul
tatio
n of
all
the
conc
erne
d st
akeh
olde
rs
Aug
ust 2
013
300,
000
• M
appi
ng d
ange
rous
w
ildlif
e co
rrid
ors a
nd
hots
pots
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
KW
S •
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent r
epre
sent
ativ
es
• M
oLD
• D
ange
rous
wild
life
corr
idor
s and
ho
tspo
ts m
arke
d
• Su
cces
sful
ly id
entifi
cat
ion
of th
e w
ildlif
e co
rrid
ors a
nd h
otsp
ots
Sept
201
350
0,00
0
• R
epor
ting
of n
otor
ious
w
ild a
nim
als t
o K
WS
for
trans
fer o
r elim
inat
ion
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
KW
S •
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent r
epre
sent
ativ
es
• M
oLD
• R
epor
ts o
n th
e no
torio
us w
ildlif
e •
Num
ber o
f the
succ
essf
ully
repo
rted
case
of t
he
noto
rious
and
num
ber o
f the
not
orio
us w
ildlif
e ex
ecut
ed
Con
tinuo
us
100,
000
Sub-
tota
l
• Aw
aren
ess
crea
tion
on o
f w
ildlif
e
• W
orks
hop
on th
e im
porta
nce,
and
ben
efi t
of
wild
life
5.25
Mill
ion
• C
omm
unity
•
KW
S •
Prov
inci
al a
dmin
istra
tions
•
IUC
N
• Se
nsiti
zatio
n w
orks
hops
on
impo
rtanc
e of
w
ildlif
e
• N
umbe
r of s
ucce
ssfu
l wor
ksho
ps h
eld
Dec
201
2 Su
b-to
tal
Tula
sub-
catc
hmen
t
500,
000
• W
orks
hop
on w
ays o
f en
gagi
ng K
WS
to re
solv
e hu
man
-wild
life
confl
ict
• C
omm
unity
•
KW
S •
Prov
inci
al a
dmin
istra
tions
•
IUC
N
• D
rafti
ng o
f the
st
rate
gies
of t
he
enga
ging
the
KW
S
• N
umbe
r of s
ucce
ssfu
lly st
rate
gies
des
igne
d an
d ex
ecut
ed
Feb
2013
300,
000
• R
ecru
itmen
t of s
cout
s •
Com
mun
ity
• K
WS
• C
ount
y go
vern
men
t
• Sc
outs
recr
uite
d•
Num
ber o
f sco
uts r
ecru
ited
and
succ
essf
ully
ex
ecut
ing
thei
r dut
ies
Apr
il 20
1350
0,00
0
• Im
prov
e se
curit
y an
d di
sban
dmen
t of /
am
nest
y fo
r ille
gal fi
re a
rms
• C
omm
unity
•
KW
S •
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent
• Se
curit
y an
d am
nest
y pl
an in
pl
ace
• Fu
nctio
nal s
ecur
ity a
nd a
mne
sty
plan
s
Dec
201
330
0,00
0
Sub-
tota
l 1.
6 M
illio
n
18.5
8 m
illio
n To
tal
Page 27
Chapter 8: Implementation of catchment protection activities
The Tula community values the natural resources found in their sub-catchment and engage in management and conservation at different levels. For example, the community has in place some guiding rules on the use water both by themselves as well as by outsider/migrant communities. The community has also constituted a committee consisting of WRUA officials and elders to handle any conflicts that may arise over resource use. The role of the WRUA on catchment/environmental protection is minimal and there is need for capacity building of the WRUA to help them improve their understanding of the WRUA concept as well as of their roles and responsibilities. Currently, few community members understand the concept and role of the WRUA in resource management.
Table 13 present the interventions suggested by some community members for actions needed to reduce environmental degradation and to conserve natural resources in the catchment.
Page 28
Red
uce
land
de
grad
atio
n Ja
n 20
13Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t •
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n•
Est
ablis
h fi v
e tr
ee
nurs
ery
(5)
• K
FS
• M
inis
try
of w
ater
•
Tula
com
mun
ity
• W
RU
A•
KW
S •
Min
istr
y of
land
s
• C
onsu
ltatio
n re
port
•
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
and
use
d by
va
riou
s st
akeh
olde
rs
10
0,00
0
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)Pr
oble
m/
obje
ctiv
e
Targ
et: T
o re
duce
cat
chm
ent d
egra
datio
n th
roug
h in
tegr
atio
n of
pro
tect
ion
and
cons
erva
tion
appr
oach
Ove
rall
outp
ut: R
ehab
ilita
ted
catc
hmen
t tha
t has
abi
lity
to o
ffer
a b
alan
ced
ecos
yste
m s
ervi
ces
• Id
entif
y nu
rser
y si
tes
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
• K
FS
• W
RU
A•
Min
istr
y of
wat
er
• Si
te id
entifi
cat
ion
repo
rt
• N
urse
ry s
ites
agre
ed u
pon
by a
ll th
e st
akeh
olde
rs
Feb
2013
100,
000
• Si
te p
repa
ratio
n (l
and
prep
arat
ion
and
fenc
ing
5 si
tes
)
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
• K
FS
• W
RU
A•
Min
istr
y of
wat
er
• Si
te p
repa
ratio
n re
port
• N
urse
ry s
ites
succ
essf
ully
pre
pare
d by
eng
agin
g re
leva
nt s
take
hold
ers
M
arch
201
31
mill
ion
• Pr
ocur
emen
t of p
lant
ing
mat
eria
ls a
nd e
quip
men
t •
WR
UA
offi
cia
ls•
WR
MA
•
CFA
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• M
inut
es o
f the
pr
ocur
emen
t co
mm
ittee
mee
ting
• A
gree
men
t on
the
proc
urem
ent p
roce
ss
docu
men
ted
Mar
ch 2
013
1.5
mill
ion
• E
mpl
oy n
urse
ry a
ttend
ant
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
• C
FA•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e
• N
urse
ry a
ttend
ant
empl
oyed
•
Succ
essf
ully
recr
uitm
ent o
f the
qua
lifi e
d pe
rson
nel
Mar
ch 2
013
300,
000
• E
duca
te th
e co
mm
unity
on
the
effe
cts,
an
d ag
ents
of
defo
rest
atio
n an
d w
ays
of
miti
gatin
g
• C
omm
unity
sen
sitiz
atio
n (5
m
eetin
gs)
• K
FS•
IUC
N
• Fa
IDA
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• Se
nsiti
satio
n w
orks
hops
on
eff
ects
of
defo
rest
atio
n
• N
umbe
r of s
ensi
tisat
ion
wor
ksho
ps s
ucce
ssfu
lly
held
Oct
201
330
0,00
0
Sub-
tota
l 3.
3 M
illio
n
Wat
er/r
iver
sou
rce
prot
ectio
n•
Tree
pla
ntin
g al
ong
lagh
as
Tula
and
Are
r an
d w
ater
poi
nts
usin
g in
dige
nous
sp
ecie
s
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
• W
RU
A
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
MA
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
es
• IU
CN
• C
omm
unity
co
nsul
tatio
n re
port
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plie
d an
d ci
rcul
ated
to
rele
vant
sta
keho
lder
s Fe
b 20
1310
0,00
0
• Tr
ansp
orta
tion
of s
eedl
ings
• W
RU
A
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
MA
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
es
• N
GO
s
• Se
edlin
gs ta
ken
to
the
plan
ting
site
s •
Num
ber o
f see
dlin
gs s
ucce
ssfu
lly tr
ansp
orte
d to
pl
antin
g si
tes
M
arch
201
320
0,00
0
• Pi
tting
and
wat
erin
g•
WR
UA
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• W
RM
A
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tives
•
NG
Os
• Pi
ts a
nd w
ater
ing
of th
e se
edlin
gs
• N
umbe
r of p
its a
nd w
ater
ing
of s
eedl
ings
su
cces
sful
ly e
xecu
ted
Mar
ch 2
013
100,
000
• Pr
otec
tion
stru
ctur
es a
roun
d th
e tr
ees
seed
lings
•
WR
UA
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• W
RM
A
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tives
•
NG
Os
• Pr
otec
tion
stru
ctur
e co
nstr
ucte
d •
Prot
ectio
n st
ruct
ure
succ
essf
ully
com
plet
ed
Mar
ch 2
013
150,
000
Tabl
e 13
. Pl
anne
d ac
tiviti
es to
redu
ce e
nvir
onm
enta
l deg
rada
tion
and
cons
erve
nat
ural
reso
urce
s in
Tula
sub-
catc
hmen
t
Page 29
Inva
sive
wee
ds
Apr
il 20
13
Tula
sub-
ca
tchm
ent
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
• Pr
even
ting
lives
tock
from
gr
azin
g al
ong
river
ban
ks
espe
cial
ly a
reas
th
at h
as b
een
seve
rely
deg
rade
d
• W
RU
A
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
MA
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
es
• C
omm
unity
co
nsul
tatio
n re
port
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
100,
000
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)Pr
oble
m/
obje
ctiv
e
• M
arki
ng o
f the
pro
tect
ed
zone
s e.g
. nea
r lag
ahs
• W
RU
A
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
WR
MA
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
es
• M
arki
ngs p
ut in
pl
ace
• Su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
etio
n of
the
of th
e m
arki
ngs
invo
lvin
g re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
Apr
il 20
1310
0,00
0
Sub-
tota
l 75
0,00
0
Con
trol a
nd
man
agem
ent o
f P.
julifl
ora
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
• K
FS•
WR
MA
• N
DM
A•
IUC
N•
FaID
A•
MoL
D•
MoA
• W
RU
A•
Com
mun
ity•
Chi
efs
• C
omm
unity
co
nsul
tatio
n re
port
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
O
ctob
er 2
012
– D
ecem
ber 2
014
100,
000
• id
entifi
cat
ion
and
map
ping
of
P. j
ulifl
ora
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
KFS
• N
DM
A•
IUC
N•
FaID
A•
MoL
D•
MoA
• W
RU
A•
Chi
efs
Map
of t
he a
reas
oc
cupi
ed b
y P.
ju
lifl o
ra
Are
as in
vade
d by
the
P. ju
lifl o
ra S
ucce
ssfu
lly
map
ped
300,
000
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f con
trol
plan
• K
FS•
ND
MA
• IU
CN
• Fa
IDA
• M
oLD
• M
oA•
WR
UA
• C
omm
unity
• C
hief
s
Inva
sive
con
trol p
lan
Pl
an su
cces
sful
ly d
evel
oped
invo
lvin
g va
rious
st
akeh
olde
rs
600,
000
Sub-
tota
l
Tota
l
• R
oll-o
ut th
e co
ntro
l pl
an
• K
FS•
ND
MA
• IU
CN
• Fa
IDA
• M
oLD
• M
oA•
WR
UA
• C
omm
unity
• C
hief
s
Rep
ort o
n th
e ac
tiviti
es a
chie
ved
in
cont
rolli
ng o
f the
P.
julifl
ora
Acr
eage
und
er P
. jul
ifl or
a su
cces
sful
ly c
ontro
lled
400,
000
1.4
Mill
ion
5.45
Mill
ion
Page 30
Chapter 9: Capacity building
The Tula community has received some training on water and natural resource management from various NGOs, Government ministries and other agencies. IUCN has also trained communities on sustainable land and water management and conservation practices, integration of sub-catchment management plans and rangeland management to formulate adapted sub-catchment management plans. Action Against Hunger (ACF) has provided training on water conservation and WRMA on WRUA WDC, in particular the formation and registration of the Tula WRUA with appropriate government departments. After receiving this training, WRUA officials then held two meetings of their own to capacity build their members on issues of:
• Pollution
• Water allocation
• Conservation
• Conflict resolution
• Income generating activities
• Ownership of resources
• Registration of the WRUA
To gain maximum benefit and effectively implement proposed activities in the adapted SCMP, community members and implementing partners need to be capacitated in several areas related to sustainable natural resource management. In the course of SCMP development, community members and other stakeholders highlighted areas that required capacity building see Table 14 for details.
Page 31
Nov
201
2 Tu
la S
ub-
catc
hmen
t•
Thre
e da
ys tr
aini
ng o
f co
mm
uniti
es o
n pa
rtici
pato
ry
impl
emen
tatio
n of
ada
pted
SC
MP
Cap
acity
bui
ldin
g of
co
mm
unity
(ies)
and
pa
rtner
s on
the
new
ap
proa
ch
• W
RU
A•
Rel
evan
t lin
e m
inis
tries
(Liv
esto
ck, W
ater
, W
RM
A, N
DM
A)
• N
GO
s (I
UC
N, F
aID
A e
tc.)
• R
epor
t of t
he tr
aini
ng
unde
rtake
n to
sen
sitiz
e co
mm
uniti
es o
n w
ays
of
impl
emen
ting
land
and
wat
er
man
agem
ent
• N
umbe
r of c
omm
unity
mem
bers
that
suc
cess
fully
le
arnt
way
s o
f int
egra
tion
land
and
wat
er
man
agem
ent p
ract
ices
600,
000
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tiviti
es
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)
Targ
et: E
nhan
ce th
e ca
paci
ty o
f the
com
mun
ity a
nd W
RU
A o
n ac
tivity
impl
emen
tatio
n th
roug
h ne
twor
king
and
par
tner
ship
O
vera
ll ou
tput
: Im
prov
ed c
apac
ity to
ove
rcom
e e
xist
ing
chal
leng
es a
nd c
apita
lise
on e
xist
ing
oppo
rtuni
ties
Trai
ning
on:
• G
roup
dyn
amic
s •
Lead
ersh
ip•
By-
law
s fo
rmul
atio
n•
Fina
ncia
l man
agem
ent
• El
ectio
n •
Gro
up fo
rmat
ion
• M
inis
try o
f cul
ture
and
soc
ial s
ervi
ces
• M
inis
try o
f spo
rt an
d ge
nder
•
Gro
up d
ynam
ics
train
ing
repo
rt •
Lead
ersh
ip tr
aini
ng re
port
• B
y-la
ws
form
ulat
ion
train
ing
repo
rt •
Fina
ncia
l man
agem
ent
train
ing
repo
rt•
Elec
tion
train
ing
repo
rt •
Gro
up fo
rmat
ion
train
ing
repo
rt
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
who
suc
cess
fully
par
ticip
ated
in
the
train
ing
liste
d un
der a
ctiv
ities
N
ov 2
012
Tula
30
0,00
0
Trai
ning
on:
•
Entre
pren
eurs
hip
• M
arke
ting
• R
ecor
d ke
epin
g •
Fina
nce
and
cred
it •
Valu
e ad
ditio
n
• M
icro
fi na
nce
inst
itutio
ns
• W
RU
A
• W
RM
A
• IU
CN
and
oth
er N
GO
s
• En
trepr
eneu
rshi
p tra
inin
g re
port
• M
arke
ting
trai
ning
repo
rt•
Rec
ord
keep
ing
train
ing
repo
rt•
Fina
nce
and
cred
it tra
inin
g re
port
• Va
lue
addi
tion
train
ing
repo
rt
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
who
act
ivel
y pa
rtici
pate
d an
d be
nefi t
ed fr
om th
e tra
inin
gs
Feb
2013
Tu
la
300,
000
Stak
ehol
der m
eetin
g to
get
vie
ws
on s
olic
iting
fund
s fo
r SC
MP
impl
emen
tatio
n
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
• W
RU
A•
Rel
evan
t lin
e m
inis
tries
• N
GO
s (I
UC
N, F
aID
A e
tc.)
Sta
keho
lder
con
sulta
tion
repo
rt
Com
mun
ities
act
ivel
y pa
rtici
patin
g in
the
mee
tings
Act
ivity
bas
ed
Tula
Sub
-ca
tchm
ent
3000
00
Prov
isio
n of
faci
litie
s an
d su
ppor
t to
WR
UA
e.g
. bui
ldin
g of
fi ce,
go
vern
men
t rec
ogni
tion
• W
RM
A•
IUC
N•
Line
min
istri
es
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
Faci
litie
s es
tabl
ishe
d an
d ca
paci
ty o
f the
WR
UA
en
hanc
ed
Num
ber o
f fac
ilitie
s pr
ovid
ed.
Num
ber o
f tra
inin
gs c
ondu
cted
to b
uild
cap
acity
of
WR
UA
Jan
2013
Tula
Sub
-ca
tchm
ent
1.5
M
Exch
ange
/exp
osur
e vi
sits
•
WR
MA
• IU
CN
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
Ex
chan
ge v
isit
repo
rt an
d ac
tion
plan
s fo
rmul
ated
N
umbe
r of f
ollo
w u
p ac
tiviti
es s
ucce
ssfu
lly
initi
ated
and
impl
emen
ted
M
arch
201
3Tu
la S
ub-
catc
hmen
t1.
5 M
illio
n
Trai
ning
on
rang
e re
habi
litat
ion
• M
in o
f Liv
esto
ck
• N
DM
A•
IUC
N•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• R
epor
t/map
sho
win
g th
e de
grad
ed a
reas
•
Deg
rade
d ar
eas
reha
bilit
ated
• M
ap/re
port
used
in p
lann
ing
reha
bilit
atio
n ac
tiviti
es
• N
umbe
r of a
crea
ge re
habi
litat
ed
Nov
201
2Tu
la S
ub-
catc
hmen
t30
0,00
0
Trai
ning
on
pest
s an
d di
seas
es
man
agem
ent i
nclu
ding
ear
ly
war
ning
• M
oLD
•
MoA
• W
RU
A•
Tula
Com
mun
ity
Tr
aini
ng o
n p
ests
/ di
seas
es
and
early
war
ning
repo
rt
N
umbe
r of t
rain
ing
cond
ucte
d an
d pe
ople
us
ing
the
info
rmat
ion/
skill
s ob
tain
ed fr
om th
e tra
inin
g
Oct
ober
201
2 Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t30
0,00
0
Trai
ning
on
lives
tock
man
agem
ent
• M
oLD
• IU
CN
• O
ther
NG
Os
• Tr
aini
ng re
port
• Tr
aini
ng m
anua
l •
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
or o
rgan
isat
ions
usi
ng th
e tra
inin
g m
anua
ls a
nd re
port
Jan
2013
Tula
sub
-ca
tchm
ent
400,
000
Tota
l5.
5 M
illio
n
Tabl
e 14
. Cap
acity
bui
ldin
g ne
eds i
dent
ified
by
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs a
nd o
ther
stak
ehol
ders
dur
ing
SCM
P de
velo
pmen
t
Page 32
Chapter 10: Infrastructure development to boost resource conservation and mitigate against disasters and conflicts
Community members have already initiated development of some infrastructure to enable them access and utilise natural resources with support from government ministries and NGOs. The drilling of shallow wells along laghas/dried river beds, placement of storage tanks at strategic points for domestic water use and occasional water-tankering during drought periods are examples of this. The community also practices controlled livestock movement during the dry season, separate use of water pans for domestic and livestock purposes, destocking and hay storage as means of overcoming/mitigating the impacts of drought.
Table 15 give details of infrastructural and service provisions interventions suggested for conserving resources and overcoming drought impacts.
Page 33
Wat
er
scar
city
Jan
201
3Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t •
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n C
onst
ruct
two
sand
da
ms
alon
g la
gha
Tula
• W
RU
A c
omm
ittee
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
•
MoW
I•
WR
MA
•
IUC
N
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
repo
rt
• C
omm
unity
repo
rt s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
10
0,00
0
Act
ivit
ies
Sub-
acti
vity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)P
robl
em/
obje
ctiv
e
Targ
et: I
ncre
ase
avai
labi
lity
and
acce
ssib
ility
to n
atur
al re
sour
ces
with
in th
e su
b-ca
tchm
ent
O
vera
ll ou
tput
: Im
prov
e in
fras
truc
ture
to a
cces
s an
d ut
ilise
nat
ural
reso
urce
s w
ithin
the
sub-
catc
hmen
t
• Id
entifi
cat
ion
of th
e si
tes
• W
RU
A c
omm
ittee
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
•
MoW
I•
WR
MA
•
IUC
N
• Si
te id
entifi
cat
ion
repo
rt
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
Feb
2013
10
0,00
0
• Fe
asib
ility
stu
dy
• C
onsu
ltant
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• W
RM
A•
WR
UA
com
mitt
ee
• Fe
asib
ility
stu
dy re
port
•
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
and
acc
epte
d by
re
leva
nt a
utho
rity
Ju
ne 2
013
400,
000
• D
esig
n an
d pl
anni
ng
• C
onsu
ltant
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• W
RM
A•
WR
UA
com
mitt
ee
• D
esig
n of
san
d da
ms
• W
ork
plan
•
Des
ign
and
wor
k pl
an s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
O
ctob
er 2
013
200,
000
• Te
nder
ing
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WR
MA
•
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• Te
nder
doc
umen
t •
Tend
er d
ocum
ent s
ucce
ssfu
lly a
dver
tised
and
at
trac
t pot
entia
l con
sulta
nts
Nov
embe
r 201
3 50
,000
• C
onst
ruct
ion
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WR
MA
•
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• Sa
nd d
ams
• Sa
nd d
ams
succ
essf
ully
com
plet
ed a
nd s
ervi
ng
the
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs6
Mill
ion
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
D
rilli
ng 3
bor
ehol
es
(2 s
trat
egic
bor
ehol
es
one
at S
hir a
nd
anot
her a
t Wak
abili
l)
• W
RU
A c
omm
ittee
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
•
MoW
I•
WR
MA
•
IUC
N
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
repo
rt
• C
omm
unity
repo
rt s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
Ju
ne 2
013
100,
000
• Id
entifi
cat
ion
of th
e si
tes
• W
RU
A c
omm
ittee
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
•
MoW
I•
WR
MA
•
IUC
N
• Si
te id
entifi
cat
ion
repo
rt
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
June
201
310
0,00
0
• C
arry
out
hyd
ro-g
eolo
gica
l su
rvey
• C
onsu
ltant
•
WR
UA
com
mitt
ee
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• H
ydro
-geo
logi
cal s
urve
y re
port
•
Rep
ort c
ompl
eted
and
sha
red
with
the
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
Aug
ust 2
013
250,
000
• Te
nder
ing
• W
RU
A o
ffi c
ials
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WR
MA
•
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• Te
nder
doc
umen
t •
Tend
er d
ocum
ent s
ucce
ssfu
lly a
dver
tised
and
at
trac
t pot
entia
l con
sulta
nts
Sept
201
350
,000
Tabl
e 15
. In
fras
truc
tura
l dev
elop
men
ts a
nd se
rvic
e pr
ovis
ions
for r
esou
rce
man
agem
ent a
nd m
itiga
te im
pact
s of d
roug
ht
Page 34
Oct
201
3-Ja
n 20
14•
Dril
ling
and
equi
ppin
g
Rep
airin
g Tu
la
bore
hole
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• W
RM
A
• Se
lect
ed c
omm
unity
mem
bers
• C
ontra
ctor
• B
oreh
oles
dril
led
and
equi
pped
• B
oreh
oles
succ
essf
ully
dril
led
and
equi
pped
15
Mill
ion
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Budg
et (k
shs)
Prob
lem
/ob
ject
ive
• Es
tabl
ish
the
prob
lem
•
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WR
MA
•
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• A
sses
smen
t rep
ort
• R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
Oct
201
3 50
,000
• R
epai
r•
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WR
MA
•
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity•
Con
tract
or
• B
ore
hole
s rep
aire
d •
Bor
ehol
es su
cces
sful
ly re
paire
d an
d ac
tivel
y us
ed
Dec
201
31
Mill
ion
De-
silti
ng o
f Tul
a pa
n
• C
arry
out
surv
ey
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• W
RM
A
• Se
lect
ed c
omm
unity
• C
ontra
ctor
• Su
rvey
repo
rt •
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
and
shar
ed w
ith
S S
ept 2
013
80,0
00
• D
esig
n an
d pl
anni
ng
• C
onsu
ltant
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• W
RM
A•
WR
UA
com
mitt
ee
• W
ork
plan
• W
ork
plan
succ
essf
ully
dra
fted
Oct
201
3 20
,000
• Te
nder
ing
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• W
RM
A
• Se
lect
ed c
omm
unity
mem
bers
• Te
nder
doc
umen
t •
Tend
er d
ocum
ent s
ucce
ssfu
lly a
dver
tised
and
at
tract
pot
entia
l con
tract
ors
Nov
201
320
,000
• D
e-si
lting
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WR
MA
•
NG
Os
• D
e-si
lting
com
plet
ed
•
De-
silti
ng su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
Ja
n 20
143
Mill
ion
• Fe
asib
ility
stud
y•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t •
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs•
Line
min
istri
es (w
ater
)•
WR
MA
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
Pipe
wat
er fr
om T
ana
Riv
er
• Fe
asib
ility
stud
y re
port
• Fe
asib
ility
repo
rt su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
Fe
b 20
14
4 M
illio
n
• Pl
anni
ng a
nd d
esig
n •
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t •
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs•
Line
min
istri
es (w
ater
)•
WR
MA
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• D
esig
n an
d w
ork
plan
•
Des
ign
and
wor
k pl
an su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
A
ugus
t 201
41
Mill
ion
• Te
nder
ing
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive/
Cou
nty
gove
rnm
ent
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
• Te
nder
doc
umen
t •
Tend
er d
ocum
ent s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
O
ctob
er 2
014
1 M
illio
n
• C
onst
ruct
ion
of th
e w
ater
su
pply
•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t •
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• Li
ne M
inis
try (W
ater
)
• W
ater
supp
ly sy
stem
•
Wat
er su
pply
syst
em su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
N
ov 2
014-
Oct
20
1570
0 M
illio
n
Page 35
Earl
y w
arni
ng
syst
em
Jan
2016
Tula
sub-
catc
hmen
t
• Pu
rcha
se a
nd in
stal
latio
n •
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e/C
ount
y go
vern
men
t •
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• W
ater
pum
p at
Tul
a pa
n •
Wat
er p
ump
inst
alle
d su
cces
sful
ly
500,
000
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tivity
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Budg
et (k
shs)
Prob
lem
/ob
ject
ive
Inst
alla
tion
of w
ater
pu
mp
at T
ula
pan
for
dom
estic
use
Sub-
tota
l 73
3.02
Mill
ion
• Pu
tting
in p
lace
Ea
rly w
arni
ng
syst
ems
• Pu
tting
in p
lace
ear
ly
war
ning
syst
ems
• K
enya
Met
eoro
logi
cal d
epar
tmen
t •
Min
istry
of S
peci
al P
rogr
amm
es•
WR
MA
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
Early
war
ning
repo
rts a
nd
aler
ts/b
ulle
tins
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
succ
essf
ully
usi
ng th
e re
ports
an
d al
erts
C
ontin
uous
50
0,00
0
Impr
oved
pa
stur
e pr
oduc
tion
arou
nd
settl
emen
ts
Sub-
tota
l 50
0,00
0
• Im
prov
ed p
astu
re
prod
uctio
n (a
roun
d se
ttlem
ents
)
• C
omm
unity
con
sulta
tion
• M
oLD
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tives
• M
inis
try o
f spe
cial
pro
gram
mes
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• IU
CN
Com
mun
ity c
onsu
ltatio
n re
port
R
epor
t suc
cess
fully
com
plet
ed
June
201
3 Tu
la su
b-ca
tchm
ent
100,
000
• Si
te id
entifi
cat
ion
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
MoL
D•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
es•
Min
istry
of s
peci
al p
rogr
amm
es
• IU
CN
Ass
essm
ent r
epor
t R
epor
t com
plet
ed a
nd sh
ared
with
rele
vant
st
akeh
olde
rs
July
201
350
,000
• R
esee
ding
•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• M
oLD
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tives
• N
GO
s •
Line
min
istri
es
Are
as re
seed
ed
Num
ber o
f acr
eage
rese
eded
succ
essf
ully
O
ct 2
013
3 M
illio
n
• H
arve
stin
g an
d ba
ling
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
MoL
D•
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
es•
NG
Os
• Li
ne m
inis
tries
Hay
bal
esN
umbe
r of b
ales
acc
umul
ated
and
use
d by
di
ffere
nt st
akeh
olde
rs
Jan
2014
1 m
illio
n
• C
onst
ruct
ion
of p
astu
re/
fodd
er st
orag
e fa
cilit
y•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• M
oLD
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tives
• N
GO
s •
Line
min
istri
es
Stor
age
faci
litie
s for
pas
ture
st
orag
e N
umbe
r of s
tora
ge fa
cilit
ies s
ucce
ssfu
lly
com
plet
ed
Mar
ch 2
014
1 M
illio
n
Sub-
tota
l
Con
fl ict
ove
r re
sour
ces
• Fe
ncin
g of
wat
er
pans
to re
duce
co
nfl ic
t
• C
onst
ruct
ion
of fe
nces
ar
ound
wat
er p
ans t
o re
duce
con
fl ict
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
WR
UA
• N
GO
s•
Min
istry
of w
ater
•
Peac
e co
mm
ittee
Fenc
e co
nstru
cted
aro
und
pans
Red
uced
con
fl ict
Fu
nctio
nal f
ence
s aro
und
wat
er p
ans t
hat h
inde
rs
exte
rnal
use
rs
Jan
2013
Tu
la su
b-ca
tchm
ent
5.15
Mill
ion
800,
000
Sub-
tota
l 80
0,00
0
738.
97 M
illio
n To
tal c
ost
Page 36
Chapter 11: Stakeholder analysis for right based approach and poverty reduction
There are multiple resource users in the Tula sub-catchment, these ranges from residents, through neighbouring communities to people from areas further away. Resource use is mainly communal where there is free access or little control. Understanding the dynamics of resource use, control and the roles of different categories of users will help in understanding how the resource is managed currently. Such information will help in exploring ways of enhancing participatory management for sustainable and efficient utilisation of resources.
Table 16 give detailed analysis of stakeholders involved in resource use in Tula sub-catchment.
Permanent users • Tula sub-
catchment community members
• Government line ministries
• Provincial administration
Occasional user• Abaqeq
community • Radho Jari
community • Hiriman
community • Hambares
community Outsider groups • Garissa/Wajir
pastoralist• Livestock
traders• Mining
company
• Access • Ownership• Protection• Control • Peaceful use
• Management and protection
• Sharing (limited time)
• Maintaining peace
• Manage, protect and report misuse of resources
• Formulation of by-laws• Inform other users (occasional
and outside) of by-laws on resource use
• Sustainable, equitable resource sharing and efficient use
• Enforcement of by-laws
• Return to their homes after drought
• Maintain peace • Follow the by-laws of Tula sub-
catchment resource • Training on management and
use of resources
• Peaceful co-existence • No settling in Tula sub-
catchment • Follow by-laws of Tula Sub-
catchment• Efficient utilization of
resources
• Peaceful co-existence
• Mutual help among stakeholders
• Trade • Peaceful co-
existence • Mutual
help among stakeholders
• Trade
Peaceful co-existence
Conflict mainly between Tula community and mining company
Sale of:• Firewood• Charcoal • Livestock• Fodder (acacia pods)• Honey• Government gets from the
sale of livestock revenues (permits and license at Bangali Livestock market)
• Firewood sell• Charcoal sell• Livestock sell • Fodder sell (acacia pods)• Honey sellNone
Revenue from mining exclusively for mine company (T.C.C)
Table 16 Stakeholder analysis
Stakeholders Rights Responsibilities Relationship Revenues
Enhancing and strengthening relationships between different categories of resource users
Having identified different categories of resource users, their rights and responsibilities over resources, community members and stakeholders involved in SCMP development discussed ways of enhancing or strengthening relationships between different categories of users.
Table 17 gives outcome of the discussion on ways of enhancing relationship between different categories of users in Tula sub-catchment.
Page 37
Enha
ncin
g /str
engt
heni
ng
relat
ionsh
ips
betw
een
diffe
rent
user
gr
oups
Conti
nuou
s Tu
la su
b-ca
tchme
nt •
Orga
nise f
or th
e sta
keho
lder m
eetin
gs
at ce
ntral
locati
on
involv
ing al
l the r
eleva
nt sta
keho
lders
Stak
ehold
er me
eting
s to
discu
ss by
-laws
and
abidi
ng by
them
• Tu
la co
mmun
ity
• Ch
ief /E
lders
• W
RMA
• Tu
la yo
uth gr
oup
• NG
Os•
Exter
nal c
ommu
nities
• St
akeh
older
meeti
ng re
port
• By
-Law
s Imp
lemen
tation
pla
n
• Re
port
acce
ssible
and u
sed b
y orga
nisati
on or
co
mmun
ity m
embe
rs •
By-L
aw im
pleme
ntatio
n plan
opera
tiona
lized
300,0
00
Activ
ities
Sub-
activ
ityRe
spon
sibili
tyOu
tput
sIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Budg
et (k
shs)
Prob
lem/
objec
tive
Targ
et: In
creas
e ava
ilabil
ity an
d acc
essib
ility
to na
tural
resou
rces w
ithin
the su
b-ca
tchme
nt
Over
all ou
tput
: Imp
rove
infra
struc
ture t
o acc
ess a
nd ut
ilise
natur
al res
ource
s with
in the
sub-
catch
ment
Regu
lar m
eetin
gs to
dis
cuss
resou
rce us
e an
d man
agem
ent
• Or
ganis
e the
mee
tings
for
relev
ant s
takeh
olders
•
Tula
comm
unity
•
Chief
/Elde
rs •
WRM
A•
Tula
youth
grou
p•
NGOs
Mee
ting r
epor
ts Re
ports
acce
ssible
to or
ganis
ation
and c
ommu
nity
Conti
nuou
s
Agree
ment
on re
sour
ce
shari
ng to
enha
nce
susta
inabil
ity an
d eq
uity
• Or
ganis
e stak
ehold
er me
eting
s to d
iscus
s and
ag
ree on
mod
es of
shari
ng
resou
rces s
ustai
nably
and
equit
ably
• Tu
la co
mmun
ity
• Ch
ief /E
lders
• W
RMA
• Tu
la yo
uth gr
oup
• NG
Os
Agree
ment
docu
ment/
plan
Plan
acce
ssible
and e
ffi cie
ntly u
sed b
y com
munit
y me
mbers
Co
ntinu
ous
Info
rming
elde
rs (h
eadm
en an
d WRU
A ch
airma
n/offi
cials)
of
the a
rriva
l of
newc
omers
into
the
area.
This
is mo
stly
the re
spon
sibili
ty of
im
migr
ant /v
isitor
co
mmun
ities
Mee
ting w
ith th
e elde
rs to
comm
unica
te an
d get
perm
ission
to ac
cess
resou
rces
Immi
gran
t com
munit
y (vis
itors
in Tu
la are
a)Br
iefi ng
s/aler
ts
Numb
er of
briefi
ngs a
nd al
erts r
ecor
ded a
nd us
ed
by el
ders/
WRU
A of
fi cial
s and
comm
unity
mem
bers
Estab
lish c
onfl i
ct res
olutio
n com
mitte
e•
Stak
ehold
er me
eting
to
cons
titute
confl
ict
resolu
tion
• Co
mmun
ity•
Cou
nty go
vern
ment
• N
GOs (
IUCN
etc)
Confl
ict re
solut
ion co
mmitt
ee
estab
lishe
dFu
nctio
nal c
ommi
ttee i
n plac
e and
numb
er of
pe
ople
or in
stitut
ions u
sing t
he co
mmitt
ee in
res
olving
confl
icts
Conti
nuou
s
Jan 2
013
Tula
None
100,0
00
Tota
l cos
t40
0,000
Tabl
e 17
. Pro
pose
d w
ays o
f enh
anci
ng re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n di
ffere
nt re
sour
ce u
sers
in T
ula
sub-
catc
hmen
t
Page 38
Chapter 12: Participatory monitoring and evaluation
Putting in place effective monitoring and evaluation frameworks will aid in understanding the progress that has been achieved in the course of implementing the proposed interventions in the field of natural resources. From the onset it is important to take stock of what you planned to undertake, come up with ways of assessing what you have achieved and didn’t manage to achieve, what went wrong in case of not achieving the goal and giving thought on what to be done differently in future?
In the Tula sub-catchment there are various monitoring mechanisms already in place and that are used by community members to monitor use of resources. Regular surveillance, use of visual techniques in assessing the resource status in terms of abundance in case of pasture and checking colour and test of water are among ways of monitoring the resources. Some evaluation aspects currently in use by the community include: patrol/surveillance, checking water levels in the pans and holding evaluation meetings.
In order to ensure development and use of participatory monitoring and evaluation systems during SCMP implementation process, community members and other stakeholders involved in SCMP preparation identified activities that need to be formulated – these are shown in Table 18.
Page 39
To e
nsur
e pa
rtic
ipat
ory
mon
itori
ng
Dur
ing
proj
ect
impl
emen
tatio
n Tu
la su
b-ca
tchm
ent
• Fo
rm m
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n (M
&E)
co
mm
ittee
Initi
ate
parti
cipa
tory
m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sms
• M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n co
mm
ittee
• C
omm
unity
•
Chi
ef
• D
onor
s/N
GO
s (IU
CN
, FaI
DA
etc
.)•
Gov
ernm
ent l
ine
min
istri
es (W
ater
, Li
vest
ock,
etc
.)
• M
&E
com
mitt
ee c
onst
itute
d •
Func
tiona
l M&
E co
mm
ittee
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
con
tribu
ting
cons
truct
ivel
y to
stak
ehol
der m
eetin
g an
d co
nten
t of t
he re
port
100,
000
Act
ivity
Sub-
activ
ities
Res
pons
ibili
tyO
utpu
tsIn
dica
tors
Whe
nW
here
Bud
get (
kshs
)O
bjec
tive
Targ
et: P
ut in
pla
ce e
ffect
ive
parti
cipa
tory
mon
itorin
g an
d ev
alua
tion
syst
ems
O
vera
ll ou
tput
: Enh
ance
d pa
rtici
pato
ry m
onito
ry a
nd e
valu
atio
n sy
stem
s est
ablis
hed
by W
RU
A
• Tr
ain
mon
itorin
g co
mm
ittee
• W
RM
A•
Rel
evan
t lin
e m
inis
tries
•
Mon
itorin
g co
mm
ittee
tra
inin
g re
port
• N
umbe
r of i
nstit
utio
ns o
r peo
ple
usin
g tra
inin
g re
port
Feb
2013
100,
000
• W
rite
situ
atio
n re
port
on a
ctiv
ities
bei
ng
impl
emen
ted
or
com
plet
ed
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n co
mm
ittee
•
Situ
atio
n re
ports
on
activ
ities
bei
ng im
plem
ente
d•
Situ
atio
n re
ports
acc
essi
ble
to
com
mun
ity
mem
bers
or i
nstit
utio
ns20
0,00
0
• Su
bmit
repo
rt to
he
adm
an, c
hief
, co
mm
unity
• M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n co
mm
ittee
•
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Situ
atio
n re
port
• Si
tuat
ion
repo
rt re
ceiv
ed b
y el
ders
, chi
ef a
nd
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs in
goo
d tim
e 50
,000
• C
onve
ne m
eetin
g to
pr
esen
t the
repo
rt to
ge
nera
l com
mun
ity
• M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n co
mm
ittee
•
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Publ
ic b
araz
a he
ld
• Pu
blic
bar
aza
succ
essf
ully
com
plet
ed a
nd
targ
et c
omm
uniti
es re
ache
d 10
0,00
0
• N
ote
sugg
estio
ns a
nd
reco
mm
enda
tions
• Fi
nalis
e th
e re
port
by m
akin
g ad
ditio
ns,
rect
ifyin
g er
rors
etc
• M
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n co
mm
ittee
•
WR
UA
offi
cial
s•
Fina
l rep
ort
• Fi
nal r
epor
t suc
cess
fully
dis
tribu
ted
to
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
50
,000
0
Sub-
tota
l 60
0,00
0
Ens
ure
part
icip
ator
y ev
alua
tion
Und
erta
ke a
ctiv
ity
eval
uatio
ns
• C
onst
itute
M&
E co
mm
ittee
com
pose
d of
tech
nica
l per
sons
an
d co
mm
unity
m
embe
rs
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Tech
nica
l per
sons
(Exp
erie
nced
in
M&
E)
• St
akeh
olde
r mee
ting
repo
rt •
Act
ivity
repo
rts Im
pact
s as
sess
ed
• St
akeh
olde
r rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
and
ca
n be
acc
esse
d by
inst
itutio
ns a
nd in
divi
dual
s •
Num
ber o
f act
ivity
repo
rts c
ompi
led
Afte
r act
ivity
im
plem
enta
tion
Tula
sub-
catc
hmen
t 10
0,00
0
• V
isit
activ
ity si
tes
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Tech
nica
l per
sons
(Exp
erie
nced
in
M&
E)
• Si
te v
isit
repo
rt •
Rep
ort s
ucce
ssfu
lly c
ompl
eted
20
0,00
0
• M
easu
re/g
auge
the
impa
cts
• C
omm
unity
mem
bers
•
Tech
nica
l per
sons
(Exp
erie
nced
in
M&
E)
• Im
pact
repo
rt •
Rep
ort c
ompl
eted
in g
ood
time
50,0
00
• Fe
edba
ck re
port
on th
e im
pact
s•
Com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• Te
chni
cal p
erso
ns (E
xper
ienc
ed in
M
&E)
• Fe
edba
ck re
port
• Fe
edba
ck re
port
succ
essf
ully
com
plet
ed a
nd
acce
ssib
le to
inte
rest
ed p
artie
s
20,0
00
Sub-
tota
l 37
0,00
0
Tota
l cos
t1.
42 M
illio
n
Tabl
e 18
. Pa
rtic
ipat
ory
mon
itori
ng a
nd e
valu
atio
n sy
stem
s
Page 40
Chapter 13: Finance and implementation of project activities
Having in place sound mechanisms for financial sourcing and management will help in initiation and implementation of the proposed activities. The Tula WRUA currently has treasurer who is tasked with functions such as financial sourcing and management. The main income for the WRUA currently is solely monthly contributions from members and such contribution is meagre, not least due to a lack of financial ability of members to raise the required amount. Development of adapted SCMP provides opportunity for raising money from different sources including government and other donor agencies. WRUA lack of financial management skills, calls for capacity building of key officials that handle finances and community members in general on effective and efficient ways of raising and utilizing funds for planned activities. Table 19 details areas that need capacity building as identified by community members and other stakeholders during SCMP development.
Page 41
Fina
ncia
l so
urci
ng
Jan
2013
Tula
• C
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
g to
dec
ide
on p
riorit
y ar
eas/
activ
ities
: lis
ting
of a
ctiv
ities
and
as
sign
ing
budg
et
Prep
are
stra
tegi
es
or c
apac
ity b
uild
ing
initi
ativ
es o
n ra
isin
g fi n
ance
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
IUC
N•
FaID
A
• W
RM
A•
Line
min
istri
es
• C
DF/
Cou
nty
Gov
ernm
ent
• C
onsu
ltativ
e m
eetin
g re
port
•
Con
sulta
tive
mee
ting
repo
rt su
cces
sful
ly
com
plet
ed10
0000
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tiviti
esR
espo
nsib
ility
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsW
hen
Whe
reB
udge
t (ks
hs)
Prob
lem
/ob
ject
ive
Targ
et: E
nhan
cem
ent o
f the
cap
acity
of t
he W
RU
A o
n fi n
anci
al m
anag
emen
t
Ove
rall
outp
ut: W
RU
A m
embe
rs c
apac
ity b
uilt
on e
ffec
tive
and
effi c
ient
way
s of
man
agin
g fi n
anci
al re
sour
ces
• C
ompi
le li
st o
f po
ssib
le d
onor
s •
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WR
MA
•
Line
min
istri
es•
NG
Os
• Pr
ospe
ctiv
e do
nor l
ist
prep
ared
•
Don
or li
st a
cces
sibl
e an
d us
ed b
y in
stitu
tions
as
refe
renc
e M
arch
201
350
,000
• Tr
aini
ng o
n pr
opos
al
deve
lopm
ent
•
WR
UA
offi
cial
s •
Cou
nty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
WR
MA
•
NG
Os
• Li
ne m
inis
tries
• Tr
aini
ng m
anua
l on
prop
osal
de
velo
pmen
t •
Trai
ning
man
ual o
n pr
opos
al d
evel
opm
ent
acce
ssib
le a
nd u
sed
by c
omm
unity
mem
bers
and
in
stitu
tions
May
201
320
0,00
0
• A
dvic
e on
ap
prop
riate
cha
nnel
to
del
iver
pro
posa
ls to
pr
ospe
ctiv
e do
nors
• W
RU
A o
ffi ci
als
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tive
• W
RM
A
• Li
ne m
inis
tries
• N
GO
s
• Li
st o
f pro
pose
d ch
anne
l to
deliv
er p
ropo
sal
• R
epor
t on
the
mea
ns o
f de
liver
ing
prop
osal
s to
pr
ospe
ctiv
e do
nors
• Li
st o
f pro
pose
d ch
anne
ls s
ucce
ssfu
lly
com
plet
ed a
nd a
cces
sibl
e to
com
mun
ity
mem
bers
Con
tinuo
us
20,0
00
Fina
ncia
l m
anag
emen
t In
itiat
ion
of b
est
fi nan
cial
man
agem
ent
initi
ativ
es
• Tr
aini
ng o
n fi n
anci
al
man
agem
ent (
Boo
k ke
epin
g, p
rocu
rem
ent,
asse
t man
agem
ent
etc.
) and
adv
ice
on
sele
ctio
n of
ove
rsig
ht
com
mitt
ee
• Tu
la c
omm
unity
•
Don
or
• Li
ne m
inis
tries
• N
GO
s
• Fi
nanc
ial m
anag
emen
t tra
inin
g re
port
• N
umbe
r of c
omm
unity
mem
bers
that
pa
rtici
pate
d in
the
train
ing
and
bene
fi ted
from
th
e tra
inin
g
Feb
2013
20
0,00
0Tu
la
• Tr
ain
on w
ays
of
enga
ging
with
do
nors
on
deci
ding
ap
prop
riate
way
s of
fu
nd u
tiliz
atio
n
• W
RM
A
• Li
ne m
inis
tries
• N
GO
s
• Fu
nds
utili
satio
n tra
inin
g re
port
•
Fund
util
isat
ion
repo
rt su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
200,
000
Sub-
tota
l 77
0,00
0
Fina
ncia
l ge
nera
tion
Expl
ore
way
s of
en
hanc
ing
mon
thly
co
ntrib
utio
ns b
y W
RU
A m
embe
rs
• Se
nsiti
zatio
n m
eetin
gs
and
wor
ksho
ps to
se
nsiti
ze c
omm
unity
m
embe
rs o
n th
e im
porta
nce
of m
onth
ly
cont
ribut
ions
for
wel
lbei
ng o
f WR
UA
• W
RM
A
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tives
•
Line
min
istri
es•
NG
Os
•
Sele
cted
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs
• W
RU
A m
eetin
g re
port
• R
epor
t cap
turin
g m
odal
ities
of e
nhan
cing
m
onth
ly c
ontri
butio
n su
cces
sful
ly c
ompl
eted
D
ec 2
012
Tu
la
200,
000
• C
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng o
n ap
prop
riate
inco
me
gene
ratin
g ac
tiviti
es
• W
RM
A
• C
ount
y re
pres
enta
tives
•
Line
min
istri
es•
NG
Os
• In
com
e ge
nera
ting
activ
ities
repo
rt •
Inco
me
gene
ratin
g re
port
com
plet
ed
200,
000
Sub-
tota
l 40
0,00
0
1.17
Mill
ion
Tota
l cos
t
Trai
n on
inco
me
gene
ratin
g ac
tiviti
es
Tabl
e 19
. Pr
opos
ed a
ctiv
ities
to b
uild
cap
acity
of W
RU
A an
d co
mm
unity
mem
bers
on
finan
cial
man
agem
ent
Page 42
Chapter 14: Mainstreaming and up-scaling of the approach
The coming in force of county government system in Kenya offer an opportunity for community members and residents of the county to participate actively in management of their resources through adoption of the practices that fit their local conditions than following prescriptive management practices applicable to different areas that has different socio-economic and environmental conditions. The devolved government also offer platform where community members and residents of the county can organize themselves to formulate rules on resource management and also strengthen the existing regulations, norms and practices.
Adapted SCMP developed through participatory process can be one of the earlier documents that can be presented to county government for adoption. Adapted SCMP uses integrated approach on resource management hence mainstreaming the approach and adoption of document will help in better resource management in the county. The approach if it yields the desired results can also be up-scaled and adopted by other ASAL counties that faces similar challenges as Tana River. There were several approaches suggested for mainstreaming and up-scaling of adapted SCMP in the Tana River County and other counties by community members and other stakeholders involved in SCMP development. Table 20 outlines the strategies for mainstreaming and scaling up of the approach.
Page 43
Mai
nstr
eam
ing
of th
e app
roac
h:
Pres
ent S
CM
P to
Cou
nty
Gov
ernm
ent
Apr
il 20
13
Hol
a •
Cons
ult o
n th
e bes
t w
ay o
f del
iver
ing
SCM
P to
the C
ount
y go
vern
men
t
Initi
ate a
ppro
ache
s of
mai
nstre
amin
g SC
MP
into
Cou
nty
plan
ning
pro
cess
es
• W
RUA
com
mitt
ee•
Coun
ty R
epre
sent
ativ
es
• G
over
nor
• M
P•
NG
Os (
IUCN
, FaI
DA
)•
IUCN
, FaI
DA
• SC
MP
diss
emin
atio
n pl
an
form
ulat
ed
• SC
MP
diss
emin
atio
n pl
an fo
rmul
ated
and
agre
ed
upon
by
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
10
0,00
0
Act
iviti
esSu
b-ac
tiviti
esR
espo
nsib
ility
Out
puts
Indi
cato
rsW
hen
Whe
reBu
dget
(ksh
s)Pr
oble
m/
obje
ctiv
e
Targ
et: F
orm
ulat
ing
and
diss
emin
atio
n of
mea
ns an
d w
ays o
f mai
nstre
amin
g an
d up
-sca
ling
of ad
apte
d SC
MP
Ove
rall
outp
ut: A
dapt
ed S
CMP
appr
oach
mai
nstre
amed
into
coun
ty p
lann
ing
proc
ess a
nd ad
opte
d by
nei
ghbo
urin
g co
untie
s and
WRU
As
• Pr
esen
t SCM
P to
D
istric
t Ste
erin
g G
roup
(DSG
) for
en
dors
emen
t and
ad
optio
n
• W
RMA
• W
RUA
com
mitt
ee•
Coun
ty R
epre
sent
ativ
es
• G
over
nor
• M
P•
NG
Os
• SC
MP
pres
enta
tion
and
adop
tion
repo
rt •
SCM
P pr
esen
tatio
n an
d ad
optio
n re
port
succ
essf
ully
com
plet
ed
Aug
ust 2
013
100,
000
• Es
tabl
ish li
nk b
etw
een
IUCN
, WRM
A an
d W
RUA
to ch
anne
l co
mm
unity
conc
erns
to
coun
ty g
over
nmen
t
• IU
CN, F
aID
A•
WRM
A•
WRU
A co
mm
ittee
• Co
unty
Rep
rese
ntat
ives
•
Gov
erno
r •
MP
• St
akeh
olde
r mee
ting
repo
rt•
Stak
ehol
der m
eetin
g re
port
succ
essf
ully
dra
fted
and
shar
ed w
ith th
e rel
evan
t sta
keho
lder
s 10
0,00
0
• So
licit
for G
over
nor/
Sena
tor s
uppo
rt fo
r im
plem
enta
tion
of
SCM
P
• Co
unty
repr
esen
tativ
e •
IUCN
,•
FaID
A•
WRM
A•
WRU
A co
mm
ittee
• Co
unty
Rep
rese
ntat
ives
•
Gov
erno
r •
MP
• M
inut
e of t
he m
eetin
g w
ith
Gov
erno
r/Sen
ator
•
Min
ute o
f mee
ting
with
Gov
erno
r/Sen
ator
for
solic
iting
of f
und
com
pile
d50
,000
Sub-
tota
l 35
0,00
0
200,
000
Up-
scal
ing
of th
e ap
proa
ch
Und
erta
ke u
p-sc
alin
g in
itiat
ives
fo
r ado
ptio
n of
ad
apte
d SC
MP
by
othe
r WRU
As i
n th
e nei
ghbo
urin
g co
untie
s
• D
issem
inat
ion
to
othe
r cou
ntie
s thr
ough
W
RUA
com
mitt
ees
mai
nly
by o
rgan
izin
g se
min
ars
• W
RUA
mem
bers
•
IUCN
•
WRM
A•
Gov
ernm
ent m
inist
ries
• D
issem
inat
ion
of S
CMP
sem
inar
repo
rt•
Sem
inar
repo
rt co
mpl
eted
Oct
ober
201
3 •
Mom
basa
•
Hol
a
• D
ispla
y SC
MP
durin
g fa
rmer
s fi e
ld d
ay o
r ex
hibi
tions
• W
RUA
mem
bers
•
IUCN
•
WRM
A•
Gov
ernm
ent m
inist
ries
• Fi
eld
day
repo
rt on
SCM
P di
spla
y•
Fiel
d da
y re
port
com
plet
ed an
d di
ssem
inat
ed to
re
leva
nt st
akeh
olde
rs•
Hol
a•
Mom
basa
100,
000
• Pr
esen
t/disp
lay
at
pasto
ralis
t wee
k ev
ent
• W
RUA
mem
bers
•
IUCN
•
WRM
A•
Gov
ernm
ent m
inist
ries
• Pa
stora
list w
eek
SCM
P di
ssem
inat
ion
repo
rt •
Repo
rt on
SCM
P di
ssem
inat
ion
com
plet
ed
Nov
201
3•
Nai
robi
100,
000
Sub-
tota
l 40
0,00
0
750,
000
Tota
l cos
t
Tabl
e 20
. St
rate
gies
for m
ains
trea
min
g an
d up
-sca
ling
of th
e ad
apte
d SC
MP
appr
oach
Page 44
Appendices
Appendix 1: Pair-wise ranking of identified problems
133
Appendices
Appendix 1 Pair-wise ranking of identified problems No Problems Water
scarcity Charcoal
production Mining Human-
Wildlife conflict
Drought Influx of pastoralists
(overgrazing)
No bumps on the highway
Livestock diseases
Lack of health facilities
1 Water scarcity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Charcoal production 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 Mining 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Human-Wildlife conflict
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
5 Drought 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
6 Influx of pastoralists (overgrazing)
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
7 No bumps on the highway
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
8 Livestock diseases 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9 Lack of health facilities
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
Total 8 7 6 4 5 3 2 0 1
Rank 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 9 8
Page 45
Appendix 2: Features and locations visited during the SCMP preparation
134
Appendix 2 Features and locations visited during the SCMP preparation
Site 1 Name of the location Tula
GPS Reading S 00.643160 E 039.290070
Issue/Problem Gypsum mining. Resulted to land degradation: no vegetation and pasture regeneration
Possible/Planned activity or intervention:
Refer to management approach chapter 4. Rehabilitation of the degraded areas through tree plantation and reseeding of pasture.
Remarks Gypsum mining is spread in various localities within sub-catchment
Site 2 Name of the location Tula
GPS Reading S 00.643610 E 039.290070
Issue/Problem Pasture availability
Possible/Planned activity or intervention:
Zoning to implement wet and dry season grazing areas. More info see chapter 4
Remarks The sub-catchment is entirely rangeland
Site 3 Name of the location Tula: Water pan for livestock use
GPS Reading S 00037.925’ E 039016.877’
Issue/Problem No water for livestock. Pan is already empty. Inlet is spoilt
Possible/Planned activity or intervention:
Rectify the inlet to allow water in during rainy season De-silting of the dam Make the pan deep Fencing
Remarks Water pan was built in 2008. Women group started the initiative and was supported by ministry of water to expand the pan
Site 4
Name of the location Tula: Shallow wells along Tula river
GPS Reading S 00640 177’ E 0390.27135’
Issue/Problem Little yield During rainy season the wells are filled with sand and you need to de-silt
Possible/Planned activity or intervention:
Construct sand dams along the river
Remarks
Page 46
135
Site 5
Name of the location Tula: Borehole
GPS Reading S 00640 218’ E 0390.27155’
Issue/Problem Bore hole was spoilt in 2006. Another bore hole was built next to it but that one also collapsed
Possible/Planned activity or intervention:
Need to build a new bore hole away from the current 1
Remarks
Site 6
Name of the location Tula: Overgrazing
GPS Reading S 00650 406’ E 0390.27732’
Issue/Problem No regeneration of grass for a long period
Possible/Planned activity or intervention:
Refer to chapter 4 management approach
Remarks
Site 7
Name of the location Tula
GPS Reading S 00.654090 E 039.278750
Issue/Problem Charcoal production
Possible/Planned activity or intervention:
Refer to notes on management approach chapter 4 Charcoal producers of late, travel far distance in search of trees. No desirable trees of late
Remarks
Site 8
Name of the location Bii Gadud; Water pan built by contractors during road construction
GPS Reading S 00.66 384’ E 039.22150
Issue/Problem Many livestock depend on the pan resulting to drying of water pan and use of shallow wells is unsustainable
The settlement near the pan resulted to overgrazing
Possible/Planned activity or intervention:
Communities around the pan rely on shallow wells and attribute their survive to shallow wells during drought period
They are not in favour of shallow wells closure Proposed building of another pan in the locality to reduce pressure on
existing shallow wells
Remarks Need to block outlet that drains lot of water
Page 47
Appendix 3: List of participants
136
Appendix 3 List of participants
Participant name Institution Designation
Yasin Mahadi IUCN Programme Officer
Omar A Abdi WRMA SRM
M.R Kariithi WRMA SWO
Sahara Siyat WRMA C.O
JM Mwangi WRMA Ground Water Officer
Jackline N Karimi WRMA Secretary
Elizabeth Wairimu Munyui WRMA SWO
Benjamin Barongo Agasa MoA Monitoring and Evaluation Head Bura District
Nzioka Wambua MoLD DLPO
Musa B Ghashogho KFS Forester
Jackson Kibor KWS Warden
Yahya Ali NDMA Mobile Extension Team Leader
Aden Osman Hussein FaIDA Administration Assistant
Kulay Abdi Muhumed Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Mohamed Abdile Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Habiba Ahmed Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Jamila Ibrahim Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Ahmed Abdi Muhumed Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Abdi Amin Adan Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Harira Ebla Mohamed Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Mohamed Abdi Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Sulthan Muhumed Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Bishar Abdi Ali Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Seinab Abukar Abdi Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Nasteha Ahmed Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Halima Gaalow Omar Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Maalim Mohamed Abdi Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Sadia Hokoch Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Gamana Abdi Ibrahim Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Nunay Abdullahi Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Zeinab Abdi Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Mohamed Hassan Lagha Tula WRUA Member
Page 48
Ap
pen
dix
4: W
ork
pla
n an
d B
udge
t
139
App
endi
x 5
Wor
k pl
an a
nd B
udge
t A
DA
PTE
D S
UB
-C
AT
CH
ME
NT
M
AN
AG
EM
EN
T P
LA
N
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
3
Cat
chm
ent C
hara
cter
istic
s
Tar
get:
Obt
ain
adeq
uate
na
tura
l res
ourc
e da
ta
Out
put:
Rel
iabl
e cu
rren
t na
tura
l res
ourc
e da
ta c
ompi
led
Act
ivity
1
Bas
elin
e su
rvey
on
wat
er re
sour
ces
700,
000
2C
ondu
ct s
urve
y on
hu
man
-wild
life
conf
lict
60
0,00
0
3C
ondu
ct g
razi
ng
surv
ey
80
0,00
0
4C
ondu
ct
envi
ronm
enta
l as
sess
men
t/aud
it
90
0,00
0
5C
ondu
ct
geol
ogic
al s
urve
y to
ass
ess
min
ing
pote
ntia
l
9
Mill
ion
4
Man
agem
ent a
ppro
ach
Tar
get :
To
build
com
mun
ity
resi
lienc
e an
d en
hanc
e su
stai
nabl
e re
sour
ce u
se a
nd
man
agem
ent i
n th
e Tu
la s
ub-
catc
hmen
t to
be s
pear
head
ed
by W
RU
A m
embe
rs a
nd o
ther
st
akeh
olde
rs
Out
put :
The
com
mun
ity
with
in th
e su
b-ca
tchm
ent
unde
rsta
nd th
e ec
olog
ical
, co
mm
erci
al a
nd li
velih
ood
zo
nes
and
appr
opria
te
mec
hani
sms
to s
olve
the
exis
ting
reso
urce
cha
lleng
es
Page 49
140
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Act
ivity
1
Cap
acity
bui
ldin
g of
WR
UA
and
co
mm
unity
m
embe
rs o
n w
ater
man
agem
ent
2.
35
Mill
ion
2M
appi
ng th
e su
b-ca
tchm
ents
into
m
anag
emen
t uni
t
1.
1 M
illio
n
3A
war
enes
s cr
eatio
n on
su
stai
nabl
e ch
arco
al
prod
uctio
n an
d m
anag
emen
t
1.
7 M
illio
n
4Id
entif
icat
ion
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
al
tern
ativ
e liv
elih
oods
6.
1 M
illio
n
5En
gage
min
ing
com
pany
/nie
s in
en
viro
nmen
tal
reha
bilit
atio
n an
d be
nefi
t sha
ring
47
0,00
0
6En
gage
min
ing
com
pany
/nie
s in
be
nefi
t sha
ring
10
0,00
0
7Zo
ning
of d
ry a
nd
wet
sea
son
graz
ing
area
s
20
0,00
0
8D
evel
op a
nd
stre
ngth
en e
arly
w
arni
ng s
yste
ms
20
0,00
0
9In
trodu
ctio
n of
re
stri
ctio
ns o
n th
e ke
epin
g liv
esto
ck
arou
nd s
ettle
men
t (<
15km
s), e
xcep
t m
ilkin
g he
rds
75
0,00
0
Page 50
140
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Act
ivity
1
Cap
acity
bui
ldin
g of
WR
UA
and
co
mm
unity
m
embe
rs o
n w
ater
man
agem
ent
2.
35
Mill
ion
2M
appi
ng th
e su
b-ca
tchm
ents
into
m
anag
emen
t uni
t
1.
1 M
illio
n
3A
war
enes
s cr
eatio
n on
su
stai
nabl
e ch
arco
al
prod
uctio
n an
d m
anag
emen
t
1.
7 M
illio
n
4Id
entif
icat
ion
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
al
tern
ativ
e liv
elih
oods
6.
1 M
illio
n
5En
gage
min
ing
com
pany
/nie
s in
en
viro
nmen
tal
reha
bilit
atio
n an
d be
nefit
sha
ring
47
0,00
0
6En
gage
min
ing
com
pany
/nie
s in
be
nefit
sha
ring
10
0,00
0
7Zo
ning
of d
ry a
nd
wet
sea
son
graz
ing
area
s
20
0,00
0
8D
evel
op a
nd
stre
ngth
en e
arly
w
arni
ng s
yste
ms
20
0,00
0
9In
trodu
ctio
n of
re
stric
tions
on
the
keep
ing
lives
tock
ar
ound
set
tlem
ent
(<15
kms)
, exc
ept
milk
ing
herd
s
75
0,00
0
Page 51
142
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
6
Nat
ural
res
ourc
es a
lloca
tion
for
sust
aina
ble,
equ
itabl
e an
d ef
ficie
nt u
se b
y co
mm
uniti
es
Tar
get:
To
deve
lop
natu
ral
reso
urce
allo
catio
n pl
ans
Out
put:
Nat
ural
reso
urce
al
loca
tion
plan
s in
pla
ce
Act
ivity
1
Dev
elop
men
t of
wat
er a
lloca
tion
plan
s (W
AP)
5.
8 M
illio
n
2En
forc
e co
mpl
ianc
e of
w
ater
use
per
mit
cond
ition
s as
per
W
ater
Act
20
02/W
RM
rule
s 20
07
50
0,00
0
3D
evel
opin
g a
com
plia
nce
plan
on
wat
er
abst
ract
ion
and
use
base
d on
wat
er
Act
30
0,00
0
4D
evel
opm
ent o
f gr
azin
g m
anag
emen
t pla
ns
50
0,00
0
5D
evel
opm
ent o
f ph
ysic
al p
lans
(S
ettle
men
t pa
ttern
, roa
ds a
nd
othe
r in
fras
truct
ure)
1.
2 M
illio
n
6D
evel
opm
ent o
f m
iner
al
expl
oita
tion
plan
s
65
0,00
0
Page 52
143
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
7
Res
ourc
e pr
otec
tion
Tar
get:
Prot
ectio
n of
the
exis
ting
natu
ral r
esou
rces
in
orde
r to
achi
eve
desi
red
serv
ices
Out
put:
Cat
chm
ent m
aint
ain
abili
ty to
pro
vide
requ
ired
serv
ices
Act
ivity
1
Fenc
ing
of w
ater
pa
ns (4
wat
er
pans
)
1.
83
Mill
ion
2Fo
rmat
ion
of
wat
er p
rote
ctio
n co
mm
ittee
45
0,00
0
3R
esto
ratio
n of
la
gha
Tula
1.45
M
illio
n
4Lo
bbyi
ng fo
r es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f sa
nita
tion
faci
litie
s al
ong
the
wat
er
sour
ces
1.
25
Mill
ion
5En
forc
emen
t of
byla
ws
35
0,00
0
6Pr
otec
tion
and
regu
latio
n on
pa
stur
e ut
ilisa
tion
(con
trol i
nflu
x of
pa
stor
alis
ts)
90
0,00
0
7C
reat
e aw
aren
ess
on fo
rest
pr
otec
tion
and
man
agem
ent
1.
2 M
illio
n
Page 53
143
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
7
Res
ourc
e pr
otec
tion
Tar
get:
Prot
ectio
n of
the
exis
ting
natu
ral r
esou
rces
in
orde
r to
achi
eve
desi
red
serv
ices
Out
put:
Cat
chm
ent m
aint
ain
abili
ty to
pro
vide
requ
ired
serv
ices
Act
ivity
1
Fenc
ing
of w
ater
pa
ns (4
wat
er
pans
)
1.
83
Mill
ion
2Fo
rmat
ion
of
wat
er p
rote
ctio
n co
mm
ittee
45
0,00
0
3R
esto
ratio
n of
la
gha
Tula
1.45
M
illio
n
4Lo
bbyi
ng fo
r es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f sa
nita
tion
faci
litie
s al
ong
the
wat
er
sour
ces
1.
25
Mill
ion
5En
forc
emen
t of
byla
ws
35
0,00
0
6Pr
otec
tion
and
regu
latio
n on
pa
stur
e ut
ilisa
tion
(con
trol i
nflu
x of
pa
stor
alis
ts)
90
0,00
0
7C
reat
e aw
aren
ess
on fo
rest
pr
otec
tion
and
man
agem
ent
1.
2 M
illio
n
Page 54
144
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
8Tr
ain
com
mun
ity
on fu
el e
ffic
ient
an
d al
tern
ativ
e so
urce
s of
ene
rgy
e.g.
fuel
eff
icie
nt
cook
sto
ves,
bi
ogas
etc
.
3.
85
Mill
ion
9Pr
otec
t liv
esto
ck
from
adv
erse
en
viro
nmen
tal
cond
ition
s an
d
dise
ases
Pr
ovis
ion
of
vete
rinar
y se
rvic
es
(de-
wor
min
g,
dipp
ing)
4.
3 M
illio
n
10
Prot
ect l
ives
tock
fr
om w
ild a
nim
al
atta
cks
90
0,00
0
11
Aw
aren
ess
crea
tion
on o
f w
ildlif
e
1.
6 M
illio
n
8
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
cat
chm
ent
prot
ectio
n ac
tiviti
es
Tar
get:
To re
duce
cat
chm
ent
degr
adat
ion
thro
ugh
in
tegr
atio
n of
pro
tect
ion
and
cons
erva
tion
appr
oach
Out
put:
Reh
abili
tate
d ca
tchm
ent t
hat h
as a
bilit
y to
of
fer
a ba
lanc
ed e
cosy
stem
serv
ices
Act
ivity
1
Esta
blis
h fiv
e tre
e nu
rser
y (5
)
3 M
illio
n
Page 55
146
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
10
Infr
astr
uctu
re d
evel
opm
ent
to b
oost
res
ourc
e co
nser
vatio
n an
d m
itiga
te
agai
nst d
isas
ters
and
con
flict
s
Tar
get:
Incr
ease
ava
ilabi
lity
and
acce
ssib
ility
to n
atur
al
reso
urce
s w
ithin
the
sub-
catc
hmen
t
Out
put:
Impr
ove
infr
astru
ctur
e to
acc
ess
and
utili
se n
atur
al
reso
urce
s w
ithin
the
sub-
catc
hmen
t
Act
ivity
1
Con
stru
ct tw
o sa
nd d
ams
alon
g
lagh
a Tu
la
6.
85
Mill
ion
2D
rillin
g 3
bo
reho
les
(2
stra
tegi
c bo
reho
les
one
at S
hir a
nd
anot
her a
t W
akab
ilil)
16
.55
Mill
ion
3R
epai
ring
Tula
bo
reho
le
1.
05
Mill
ion
4D
e-si
lting
of T
ula
pan
3.12
M
illio
n
5Pi
pe w
ater
from
Ta
na R
iver
706.
5 M
illio
n
6In
stal
latio
n of
w
ater
pum
p at
Tu
la p
an fo
r do
mes
tic u
se
50
0,00
0
7Pu
tting
in p
lace
Ea
rly w
arni
ng
syst
ems
50
0,00
0
Page 56
146
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
10
Infr
astr
uctu
re d
evel
opm
ent
to b
oost
res
ourc
e co
nser
vatio
n an
d m
itiga
te
agai
nst d
isas
ters
and
con
flict
s
Tar
get:
Incr
ease
ava
ilabi
lity
and
acce
ssib
ility
to n
atur
al
reso
urce
s w
ithin
the
sub-
catc
hmen
t
Out
put:
Impr
ove
infr
astru
ctur
e to
acc
ess
and
utili
se n
atur
al
reso
urce
s w
ithin
the
sub-
catc
hmen
t
Act
ivity
1
Con
stru
ct tw
o sa
nd d
ams
alon
g
lagh
a Tu
la
6.
85
Mill
ion
2D
rillin
g 3
bo
reho
les
(2
stra
tegi
c bo
reho
les
one
at S
hir a
nd
anot
her a
t W
akab
ilil)
16
.55
Mill
ion
3R
epai
ring
Tula
bo
reho
le
1.
05
Mill
ion
4D
e-si
lting
of T
ula
pan
3.12
M
illio
n
5Pi
pe w
ater
from
Ta
na R
iver
706.
5 M
illio
n
6In
stal
latio
n of
w
ater
pum
p at
Tu
la p
an fo
r do
mes
tic u
se
50
0,00
0
7Pu
tting
in p
lace
Ea
rly w
arni
ng
syst
ems
50
0,00
0
Page 57
147
AD
APT
ED
SU
B-
CA
TC
HM
EN
T
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
PL
AN
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EFR
AM
E (
2012
-201
6)
WR
UA
: LA
GH
A T
UL
A
2012
20
13
2014
20
15
2016
20
17
CH
T
OPI
C
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
FU
ND
S W
RU
A
FUN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FUN
DS
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
8Im
prov
ed p
astu
re
prod
uctio
n (a
roun
d se
ttlem
ents
)
5.
15
Mill
ion
9Fe
ncin
g of
wat
er
pans
to re
duce
co
nflic
t
80
0,00
0
11
Stak
ehol
der
anal
ysis
Tar
get:
To fo
ster
goo
d w
orki
ng re
latio
nshi
ps b
etw
een
diff
eren
t res
ourc
es u
sers
in
Tula
sub
-cat
chm
ent
Out
put:
Enha
nced
rela
tions
hip
betw
een
diff
eren
t res
ourc
e us
ers
for s
usta
inab
le
man
agem
ent o
f res
ourc
es
Act
ivi
ty 1
St
akeh
olde
r mee
tings
to
dis
cuss
by-
law
s an
d ab
idin
g by
them
30
0,00
0
2 R
egul
ar m
eetin
gs to
di
scus
s re
sour
ce u
se
and
man
agem
ent
3 Es
tabl
ish
conf
lict
reso
lutio
n co
mm
ittee
100,
000
12
Part
icip
ator
y m
onito
ring
an
d ev
alua
tion
Tar
get:
Put
in p
lace
eff
ectiv
e pa
rtici
pato
ry m
onito
ring
and
eval
uatio
n sy
stem
Out
put:
Enh
ance
d pa
rtici
pato
ry m
onito
ry a
nd
eval
uatio
n sy
stem
s es
tabl
ishe
d by
WR
UA
Page 58
149
AD
AP
TE
D S
UB
-C
AT
CH
ME
NT
M
AN
AG
EM
EN
T P
LA
N
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EF
RA
ME
( 20
12-2
016)
WR
UA
: L
AG
HA
TU
LA
20
12
2013
20
14
2015
20
16
2017
CH
T
OP
IC
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
F
UN
DS
WR
UA
F
UN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FU
ND
S Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2 Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2 Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2 Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2 Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2
14
Mai
nstr
eam
ing
and
up-
scal
ing
of t
he a
ppro
ach
Tar
get:
For
mul
atin
g an
d di
ssem
inat
ion
of m
eans
and
w
ays
of m
ains
trea
min
g an
d up
-sc
alin
g of
ada
pted
SC
MP
Out
put:
Ada
pted
SC
MP
appr
oach
mai
nstr
eam
ed in
to
coun
ty p
lann
ing
proc
ess
and
adop
ted
by n
eigh
bour
ing
coun
ties
and
WR
UA
s
Act
ivit
y 1
Initi
ate
appr
oach
es
of m
ains
trea
min
g SC
MP
into
C
ount
y pl
anni
ng
proc
esse
s
35
0,00
0
2U
nder
take
up-
scal
ing
initi
ativ
es
for
adop
tion
of
adap
ted
SCM
P by
ot
her
WR
UA
s in
th
e ne
ighb
ouri
ng
coun
ties
40
0,00
0
TO
TA
L B
UD
GE
T
811.
91
Mill
ion
SUM
MA
RY
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
1 27
.05
M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
2 22
.57
M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
3 6.
15 M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
4 12
.27
M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
5 71
8.92
M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
6 2.
15 M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
7 1.
9 M
150
AD
AP
TE
D S
UB
-C
AT
CH
ME
NT
M
AN
AG
EM
EN
T P
LA
N
FIN
AN
CIN
G
TIM
EF
RA
ME
( 20
12-2
016)
WR
UA
: L
AG
HA
TU
LA
20
12
2013
20
14
2015
20
16
2017
CH
T
OP
IC
AC
TIV
ITY
SE
T
BU
DG
ET
W
DC
F
UN
DS
WR
UA
F
UN
DS
WR
UA
IN
-K
IND
OT
HE
R
FU
ND
S Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2 Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2 Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2 Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2 Q
3 Q
4 Q
1 Q
2
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
8 9.
2 M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
9 5.
85 M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
10
1.9
M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
11
3.2
M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
12
0.45
M
Tot
al B
udge
t A
ctiv
ity
Set
13
0.3
M
Page 59
Appendix 5: Field visit photos
Page 60
Dried water pan used by livestock
Shallow well dug in dried water pan used for both human and livestock
Page 61
Rangeland of sub-catchment Degraded areas of the rangeland
Cattle trough constructed next to water pan
Community member explaining problem of water in the area next to abandoned borehole
Page 62
Gypsum mines in sub-catchment Community associate gypsum mining with deforesta-tion and pasture degradation
Community members discussing pros and cons of shallow wells dug in dried water pan
Deep well dug by Tula community in search of ground water
Soil conservation structure in individual farm Water pan for rain water harvesting
