LAB SAFETY AND EQUIPMENT Student Notes. WHAT TO WEAR IN THE LAB.
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Transcript of LAB SAFETY AND EQUIPMENT Student Notes. WHAT TO WEAR IN THE LAB.
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LAB SAFETY AND EQUIPMENT
Student Notes
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WHAT TO WEAR IN THE LAB
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SAFETY GOGGLES
• Vital to the safety of your vision.
• Wear them when heating, working with chemicals, or at any time you are instructed to do so by your teacher.
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LAB APRON
• Protects your clothes and skin from chemicals, spills or splashes
• Rubber-coated• Acid-resistant• Alcohol-resistant
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PROTECTIVE GLOVES• Protect your hands with the
proper gloves:
> Insulated Gloves –use to handle hot and cold items > Latex Gloves – wear during dissections or to handle non-toxic chemicals > Chemical-Resistant Gloves use when working with caustic (to chemically burn skin) chemicals
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Close-Toe Shoes
• Wear shoes that cover your entire foot (no sandals)
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TIE BACK HAIR AND ROLL UP SLEEVES
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Safety Equipment for Emergencies
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EYE WASH STATION
• Provided in all science labs to flush eyes with water for 15 minutes to remove foreign materials and to dilute any harmful chemicals.
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FIRE BLANKET
• Use to smother fires: -Wrap around a person -Smother a table or a trash can on fire
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FIRE EXTINGUISHER
• Used to put out small chemical or paper fires.
• In case of major fires, evacuate the building using fire drill procedures.
• Remember P.A.S.S. • (Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep)
https://youtu.be/lUojO1HvC8cVIDEO - How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
• Symbols that show warnings about chemicals
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SAFETY PROCEDURES
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What to do First
• Sit quietly and wait for the teacher to give instructions.
• Read the investigation and any written directions thoroughly before you begin.
• Then get needed materials.• Follow directions at ALL times!
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No eating, drinking or chewing gum in the lab!
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What to do if there in an accident
• Report ALL accidents to the teacher even if they are minor (spills, drops, etc.).
• Clean up spills immediately!• Don’t use broken equipment (especially glass
containers). Report it to the teacher immediately.• Clean up your station when you are finished.
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• POUR ACID INTO WATER, ONLY!!!!
• POUR ONTO STIRRING ROD TO KEEP FROM SPLASHING OUT
NOT!!!
MIXING LIQUIDS WITH ACIDS
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Unplug from the outlet, don’t pull the cord!
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TILT TEST TUBE AWAY FROM YOU AND OTHERS (waft)
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Review Questions
• What equipment do I wear to be safe in the lab?
• Do I know where and how to use the lab safety equipment in an emergency?
• Do I know the safety rules and procedures to follow in the lab?
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Rodeo Palms Junior High SchoolScience Laboratory Safety Contract – 2015 - 2016
• I will act responsibly at all times in the science laboratory and classroom.• I will follow all instructions about lab procedures given by the teacher.• I will keep my work area clean and clutter-free.• I will wear safety goggles and protective clothing at all times when necessary.• I know what to do in case of a fire.• I will immediately notify the teacher of any emergency.• I will tie back long hair, remove dangling jewelry, and secure loose clothing.• I will not mix substances or take chemicals or equipment out of the lab without direct
permission from the teacher.• I will never eat or drink in the laboratory unless instructed to do so by the teacher.• I will only handle living organisms or preserved specimens when authorized by the
teacher.• I will not enter the storage area unless directed by the teacher. Student and parent sign and date in the appropriate spaces below and return contract to the teacher. I, _______________________________ have read each of the statements above and understand these safety rules. I agree to abide by the safety regulations and any additional written or verbal instructions provided by the school district or my teacher.
Student Signature ___________________________ Date________________ Parent Signature ___________________________ Date________________
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EQUIPMENT USED IN THE LAB
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Dissecting ToolsPan, Scalpel, Forceps, Scissors, Dissecting Pin, Probe
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ERLENMEYER FLASK
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FLORENCE FLASK (round bottom)
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Beaker
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FUNNEL
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TEST TUBE TEST TUBE HOLDER
TEST TUBE RACK
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HOT PLATE
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MICROSCOPE
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HAND LENS
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PETRI DISH
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EQUIPMENT USED FOR MEASURING
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TIMERS
Measures Time & Speed in Seconds (s)
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Measures Length or distance = meters (m) or centimeters (cm)
METRIC RULER (Meter Stick)
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Measures Mass
grams (g)
TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE
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Weight = grams (g) Force = Newtons (N)
(mass with gravity)
SPRING SCALE
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Measures Volume = liters (L) or milliliters (mL)
GRADUATED CYLINDERS
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WATER DISPLACEMENT METHOD
• To find the volume of an irregular-shaped object (rock), submerge it.
• The object’s volume = final volume – initial volume
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Measures
Temperature
Celsius (oC)
THERMOMETER
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Scientific Method
• A list of steps that are followed, IN ORDER, when preforming a scientific experiment.
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1. Start with a PROBLEM/QUESTION to be solved.
> Study & collect info about your problem.
2. Make a HYPOTHESIS > written as an if…then statement > must be able to test it
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3. TEST YOUR HYPOTHESIS: > Design and DO an experiment/investigation
FACTORS IN AN EXPERIMENT:• Independent Variable – the factor that can be changed or cause a
change• Dependent Variable – RESPONDS to the change. Is a measurement
(ex: amount of rainfall)• Control Group – the things/factors that stay the same in an
experiment
> The basis for comparison: the Independent Variable Group is compared to the Control Group.
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4. Collect & Analyze Data > Direct Observation: only use your 5 senses
> Indirect Observation: uses your senses PLUS scientific tools (Ex. - ruler, microscope…)
SCIENTIFIC PROCESS(Scientific Method)
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4. (continued) MAKE OR USE A MODEL > Use a small scale representation of a larger item to get proof of concept.
5. FORM A CONCLUSION: > Decide if the results support your hypothesis.
SCIENTIFIC PROCESS(Scientific Method)
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Example Hypothesis: (using an if…then statement)
If corn is given more fertilizer, then the yield will be higher.
SCIENTIFIC PROCESS(Scientific Method)
Which picture is the corn with more fertilizer?
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NOT a hypothesis: Corn tastes better than peas.Why not?
SCIENTIFIC PROCESS(Scientific Method)
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(Independent) Variable: • Group in which fertilizer is added to corn plant
Control Group: • Corn plant that doesn’t receive fertilizer
SCIENTIFIC PROCESS(Scientific Method)
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BIAS & EVALUATING INFO
misrepresentation of info based on point of view or purpose