Family CROSSroad: Lesson 7, "Satan's Arrows: Media - TV and Music"
Lab 17-2 ONLINE LESSON. If viewing this lesson in Powerpoint Use down or up arrows to navigate.
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Transcript of Lab 17-2 ONLINE LESSON. If viewing this lesson in Powerpoint Use down or up arrows to navigate.
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Lab 17-2 ONLINE
LESSON
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If viewing this lesson in Powerpoint
Use down or up arrows to navigate
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If viewing this lesson in Flash
Use the control barto navigate
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LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE
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Latitude and longitude is a navigational system that allows for the location of
an exact point on the surface of our planet.
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Latitude and longitude involves the intersection of perpendicular lines.
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A point on our planet is determined by the
intersection of latitude and longitude…
latitudelongitude
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Here…
latitudelongitude
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Not there…
latitudelongitude
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Not there…
latitudelongitude
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Here…
latitudelongitude
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Get the drift.
latitudelongitude
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Lines of Latitude are parallel to the equator of our
planet…
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The equator is the reference line for latitude…it is 0°…
The equator divides the northern and southern
hemispheres
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Southern hemisphere
Northern hemisphere
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Lines of Longitude are perpendicular to the equator of our planet…they run
from the north pole to the south pole.
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The Prime Meridian, in Greenwich, England, is the
reference line for longitude…it is 0°…
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Exactly opposite of the Prime Meridian, on the other side of
the planet, is the International Dateline…
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The Prime Meridian and International
Dateline divide the western and eastern
hemispheres.
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Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere
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With me so far?
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Say yes!
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Finding a location on our planet involves the intersection of
lines of latitude and longitude.
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To find a place, we need to assign
numerical values to lines of latitude and
longitude…
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Lines of latitude are given values from 0° to 90° north or
south…degrees (°) are a division of a
circle…
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Northern hemisphere latitude values are referred
to as “north or south”…example 23° north latitude
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xxxx0° to 90° north
0° to 90° south
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Lines of longitude are given values from 0° to 180° west or east…
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Western and eastern longitude
values are referred to as “west or
east”…example 123° west longitude
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0° to 180° west 0° to 180° east
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In latitude and longitude, it is important which
hemisphere is being referenced, north, south,
east or west…
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As was mentioned, numerical values in terms of degrees
have been assigned to latitude and
longitude lines…
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However, just degrees cannot cover the entire
planet…
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A system of sub units must be employed in
order to accurately locate a position on this planet…
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1º
1° can be divided into 60 smaller parts called
minutes…60’
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1’
1’ can be divided into 60 smaller parts called
seconds…60”
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This type of division can provide accuracy to about 30 meters.
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º (degrees)
‘ (minutes)
“ (seconds)
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121º 48‘ 08“ W
37º 42‘ 47“ N
Typical coordinates would look like this…
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121º 48‘ 08“ W
37º 42‘ 47“ N
Northern hemisphere
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121º 48‘ 08“ W
37º 42‘ 47“ N
Western hemisphere
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So now, how do we use these concepts to locate positions on our planet?
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We need to use a map. A map is a graphical
representation of the surface of the planet. A pocket sized snapshot of
part of the earth.
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Here is part of a map.
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This is a section of the Livermore Quadrangle.
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A map illustrates features on the
surface of our planet. Such as…
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Highways…
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Population centers…
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Water features…
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Terrain and areas of vegetation…
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And colleges…
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The Livermore Quadrangle will be used
for this exercise.
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The name is at the top of the map.
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It was produced in 1961, and revised in 1980
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This information is on the bottom right of the map.
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The scale of this map is 1:24,000
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This is at the bottom, center of the map.
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This means that this map is 24,000 times smaller than the real world…
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Every unit on this map, is equal to 24,000 units in
the real world…
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A distance scale is also provided.
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This scale is in miles and kilometers. Oooooooh!
Metric.
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The Livermore Quadrangle includes latitude and longitude
information…
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Here is a latitude coordinate… the flashing red line is a line of latitude.
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Here is a longitude coordinate… the flashing red line is a line of longitude.
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Here is another longitude coordinate… since this is a government map, not all information is fully presented.
xx
Disregard these numbers
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This coordinate means… 121°50’ 00” west longitude. xx
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This coordinate means… 121°47’ 30” west longitude.
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Here is a longitude coordinate… the flashing red line is a line of longitude.
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Here is another latitude coordinate… since this is a government map, not all information is fully presented.
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This coordinate means… 37°40’ 00” North latitude.
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This coordinate means… 37°42’ 30” North latitude.
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Here is a latitude coordinate… the flashing red line is a line of latitude…
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As can be seen, latitude and longitude coordinates
are placed around the perimeter of the Livermore
Quadrangle.
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A bit of map trivia, the eastern and western most boundaries of the map are separated by 7 ½ minutes
of arc.
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So too are the northern and southern most
boundaries of this map. This type of map is referred to as a 7 ½ minute quadrangle.
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Notice on the Livermore Quad, black lines that are in concert with lines of latitude and longitude.
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These are index lines that will be used to determine latitude and longitude coordinates.
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They are associated with the coordinates around the periphery of the map.
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For reference purposes, the four cardinal directions are…
North
South
West East
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Determining the Latitude and Longitude of a point on a map.
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An example: locate on the map, the west end of Livermore
Municipal Airport
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It is located at this position on your map…
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These are latitude and longitude scales that are calibrated in minutes and seconds. Scale A is for latitude, while scale B is for longitude.
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Notice the division of these scales. The smallest units are in seconds of arc. The entire scale is 2 ½ minutes of arc.
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37° 42’ 30”
37° 40’ 00”
To find latitude, place the long scale between the lines of latitude.
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Read this value
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37° 42’ 30”
37° 40’ 00”
The value is 1’ 43”
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37° 42’ 30”
37° 40’ 00”
Add 1’ 43”
37° 40’ 00”
37° 41’ 43”
+
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37° 42’ 30”
37° 40’ 00”
So the latitude of the west end of the Livermore Municipal Airport is…
37° 41’ 43”
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37° 42’ 30”To find longitude, place the small scale in between the lines of longitude
121° 50’ 00” 121° 47’ 30”
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Read this value
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37° 42’ 30”The value is 1’ 58”
121° 50’ 00” 121° 47’ 30”
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37° 42’ 30”
121° 48’ 83”
121° 50’ 00” 121° 47’ 30”
Add 1’ 58”
+ 121° 47’ 30”
This is an impossible value because there cannot be more than 60 seconds in each minute.
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37° 42’ 30”
121° 48’ 83”
121° 50’ 00” 121° 47’ 30”
Add 1’ 58”
+ 121° 47’ 30”
To repair this, subtract 60 seconds from 83 and add 1 minute to 48.
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37° 42’ 30”
121° 50’ 00” 121° 47’ 30”
So the longitude of the west end of the Livermore Municipal Airport is…
121° 49’ 23”
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So the latitude (la) and longitude (lo) of the west end of the Livermore Municipal Airport is…
lo = 121° 49’ 23” W
la = 37° 41’ 43” N
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Your mission from here on out is to
determine the la and lo of a whole bunch
of places on this planet!!!
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Ask Bob for Lab 17-2 questions…
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END