L’L’Atlas de la Flore d’AuvergneAtlas de la Flore d’Auvergne : A general idea : A general idea about flora of Auvergne at the beginning of about flora of Auvergne at the beginning of

21e century21e century

A tool to know the effects of climate change ?A tool to know the effects of climate change ?

Murat, june 11th 2009Murat, june 11th 2009

Resource CenterResource Center for for• wild florawild flora

• natural habitatnatural habitat

Missions defined in the national order datedMissions defined in the national order dated the 8th july 2004the 8th july 2004

National botanical conservatory of Massif centralNational botanical conservatory of Massif central

CB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEENCB PYRENEEN

CBN DUBASSIN PARISIEN

CBN DE NANCY

Projet de CBNFRANCHE-COMTE

CBN MEDITERRANEENDE PORQUEROLLES

CBN ALPIN DE GAP-CHARANCE

CBN DU MASSIF CENTRAL

CBN DE BREST

CBN BAILLEUL

CBN PYRENEEN

Projet de CBNAQUITAIN

POITOU-CHARENTES

Work area of botanical conservatoryWork area of botanical conservatory

LimogesLimoges(Antenne Limousine)(Antenne Limousine)

Chavaniac-Lafayette Chavaniac-Lafayette (Siège)(Siège)

Valuation, technical supportInformation

Activities of botanical conservatoryActivities of botanical conservatory

Preservation of species threatened with

extinction

Wild FloraWild Flora Natural habitatNatural habitat

Knowledge, valuation and evolution follow-up

The project of « The project of « Atlas de la Flore d’AuvergneAtlas de la Flore d’Auvergne » »

Atlas of Massif central flora Atlas of Massif central flora

SURVEY OF SOUTH MASSIF

CENTRAL FLORA

SURVEY OF LOIRE AND RHONE

FLORA

2007

ATLAS OF AUVERGNE

FLORA

2006ATLAS OF

LIMOUSIN FLORA

2001

SURVEY OF ARDECHE

FLORA

2010

SURVEY OF MORVAN FLORA

The program « Atlas de la flore d’Auvergne »The program « Atlas de la flore d’Auvergne »

•Bibliography analysisBibliography analysis around 1 000 documents around 1 000 documents (books, scientific articles, study (books, scientific articles, study reports …)reports …)

•Herbarium analysis Herbarium analysis Frère HildebertFrère Hildebert Bernard VigierBernard Vigier Ernest GrenierErnest Grenier Musée CrozatierMusée Crozatier

State of historic knowledgeState of historic knowledge

• 39 619 floristic informations39 619 floristic informations

• heterogeneous and old datasheterogeneous and old datas

The program « Atlas de la flore d’Auvergne »The program « Atlas de la flore d’Auvergne »

•Floristic inventoriesFloristic inventories

3 inventories in the year3 inventories in the year

in different natural habitatsin different natural habitats

research of old mentions of research of old mentions of threatened plantsthreatened plants

1 180 grids U.T.M. 5 x 5 km 1 180 grids U.T.M. 5 x 5 km (Universal Tranverse Mercator)(Universal Tranverse Mercator)

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

1 800 000

2 000 000

déc-96 déc-97 déc-98 déc-99 déc-00 déc-01 déc-02 déc-03 déc-04 déc-05 déc-06

Allier Cantal Haute-Loire Puy-de-Dôme Total

• 1 900 000 floristic informations1 900 000 floristic informations

• 3 800 « taxa » listed 3 800 « taxa » listed

• 457 000 plottings457 000 plottings

ResultsResults

• An unequalled knowledge about flora of Auvergne An unequalled knowledge about flora of Auvergne

• Many species discoveries and old stations Many species discoveries and old stations rediscoveries rediscoveries

ResultsResults

Floristic diversityFloristic diversity

2 200 indigenous or naturalised species

Eurasiatic species (s.l.) 39,10 %

ChorologyChorology

Boreal and orophytic species 20,97 %

Mediterranean species (s.l.) 18,22 %

Atlantic species 4,70 %

Endemic species 1,40 %

Cosmopolitan species 10,86 %

Endangered speciesEndangered species

520 endangered species

Arctic-alpin, circumboreal Arctic-alpin, circumboreal and orophytic speciesand orophytic species

Reduction of distribution area (stations disappearance at low altitud)Reduction of distribution area (stations disappearance at low altitud)

Indicative species of climatic changesIndicative species of climatic changes

Artic-alpin speciesArtic-alpin species

Jasione crispa subsp. arvernensisSheep’s-bit of Auvergne

Orophytic species (endemic of Auvergne)Orophytic species (endemic of Auvergne)

Dwarf Bitch Betula nana

Arctic-alpine speciesArctic-alpine species

Leopardplant of SiberiaLigularia sibirica

Eurosiberian sub-arctic speciesEurosiberian sub-arctic species

Salix herbaceaNain Willow

Arctic-alpine speciesArctic-alpine species

Diphasiastrum alpinum

Alpine Clubmoss

Circumboreal speciesCircumboreal species

Drosera rotundifolia L.Round-leaved Sundew

Circumboreal speciesCircumboreal species

Senecio leucophyllus

Leucophylleous Ragwort

Central-european orophytic speciesCentral-european orophytic species

Veronica alpina

Alpine Speedwell

Arctic-alpine eurasiatic speciesArctic-alpine eurasiatic species

« Continental » Species« Continental » Species

Reduction of distribution area (on the Reduction of distribution area (on the margins)margins)

Asarum europaeumAsarabacca

Eurosiberian speciesEurosiberian species

Cross GentianGentiana cruciata

Eurasiatic speciesEurasiatic species

Spring PeaLathyrus vernus

Eurasiatic speciesEurasiatic species

Atlantic speciesAtlantic species

Reduction of distribution area (on the Reduction of distribution area (on the margins)margins)

Hydrocotyle vulgaris

Marsh Pennywort

European-caucasian speciesEuropean-caucasian species

Exaculum pusillum

Guernsey Centaury

Western mediterranean speciesWestern mediterranean species

Wahlenbergia hederacea

Ivy-leaved Bellflower

Atlantic speciesAtlantic species

Erica vagans

Cornish Heath

South west european speciesSouth west european species

Mediterranean speciesMediterranean species

Allium flavumYellow Garlic

Eurymediterranean speciesEurymediterranean species

Convolvulus cantabrica

Cantabrian mountains Bindweed

Eurymediterranean speciesEurymediterranean species

Glaucium corniculatumRed Horned-poppy

South mediterranean speciesSouth mediterranean species

Medicago orbicularis

Round-fruited Medick

Eurymediterranean speciesEurymediterranean species

Bug OrchidAnacamptis coriophora subsp. coriophora

Eurymediterranean speciesEurymediterranean species

Sisymbrella aspera subsp. aspera

Rude Cress

Western mediterranean speciesWestern mediterranean species

Turgenia latifoliaGreater Bur-parsley

Eurymediterranean speciesEurymediterranean species

Dittrichia graveolensStinking Fleabane

Mediterranean touranian speciesMediterranean touranian species

Introduced speciesIntroduced species

Introduced speciesIntroduced species

Eastern prickly-pear

Opuntia humifusa gr.

North american speciesNorth american species

Ambrosia artemisiifolia

Ragweed

North american speciesNorth american species

American speciesAmerican species

Water PrimroseLudwigia grandiflora

Reynoutria japonica gr.Japanese Knotweed

Asiatic speciesAsiatic species

Regression of floristic diversity (trivialization of flora) :

- Regression of wetlands- Changes in agricultural practices (agricultural intensification)

- Increased urbanization

Alarming development of invasive alien species

Changes in flora of auvergne to connect to climate change ?

General elementsGeneral elements

- Changes in agricultural practices (agricultural abandonment)

Taxa conservationTaxa conservation

•32 species not found after 1990

•60 species threatened with

extinction

The « Atlas de la flore d’Auvergne », a tool to know the effects of climate change :

- Comparison between old datas and recent datas is difficult because of heterogeneity of old datas ; however, some evolutions of Auvergne flora are noted to relate or not to climate change

- Photography of Auvergne flora at the beginning of XXIe century ; to be a basis for future comparisons

Conservatoire botanique national du Massif centralConservatoire botanique national du Massif centralLe BourgLe Bourg43230 CHAVANIAC-LAFAYETTE43230 CHAVANIAC-LAFAYETTE

Tel.:Tel.: 04.71.77.55.65. 04.71.77.55.65. Fax :Fax : 04.71.77.55.74. 04.71.77.55.74.Courriel :Courriel : conservatoire.siege@cbnmc.frconservatoire.siege@cbnmc.fr