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Name _________________________________________________ Date __________________________ Block _______
Arachnid Notes
Standard: SZ3. Students will compare form and function relationships within animal groups across key taxa.
Brain Squeeze: Differentiate between pleopods and periopods in a crayfish. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Essential Question: How do you differentiate between organisms in Phylum Arthropods?
I Will Be Able To:
Subphylum Chelicerata
General Characteristics
Two body regionso What four things is the cephalothorax region responsible for? _________________,
__________________, ___________________________, _________________.o What four things is the abdomen region responsible for? _____________,
__________________________, ____________________________, ____________________________.
Paired appendageso ________________________- first pair, pincer-like, feeding/fangso ________________________- second pair, sensing, feeding, reproduction
No ________________________ ____________________________________
Class Merostomata “Horseshoe Crabs”
All ____________________________ Diet: _______________________, ____________________________, and other
__________________________ What shape is their body? ____________________________________ Have __________________________ eyes and _____________________ eyes. ______________________= tail
o What is the telson used for? _________________________________________ _______________________________ for respiration. _______________________- male fertilizes eggs as female sheds them into a shallow hole.
o What does not occur? _____________________________
Digestion/ Feeding
___________________________ into prey which paralyzes and begins digestion organs of prey. Partially digested food suck into ________________ via ____________________ (sucking
_________________) Food is passed to
o ____________________- enzyme secretion and absorption of food.o ____________________- water gets reabsorbed from stored feces.
Excretion
_____________________________________- send waste to __________________________ pocket. Water reabsorbed. Wastes excreted with digestive wastes such as
_____________________________________________________. What is a concern for many terrestrial animals?
_____________________________________________o What does most waste excreted in a solid form prevent?
________________________________
Respiration
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide exchange om a __________________________.o Describe the book lung: series of _________________________________ exposed to
_______________.
Circulation
_____________________________________________ Dorsal aorta pumps blood to __________________ around organs. Blood returns to aorta through holes in heart called ___________________. Blood contains ___________________________ (_____________)- does not carry oxygen as well
as human blood. When is Hemocyanin more important? “_______________________________” when
_____________________
Nervous Sensory
___________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________- hair-like, can detect vibrations/motion
Chemoreceptors in exoskeleton to detect ___________________________, smells in environment.
__________________________________________- sense light and movement Classified into families based on eye ____________________ and ______________________.
o Hunting spiders have ________________________________ eyes.o Web spinning spiders have _______________________________ eyes.
Reproduction
____________________________ Spiders attract mates by:
o ___________________________- chemicals given off by one to evoke a response in another.
o ___________________________- males pluck strands of female web ____________________ specific “plucking” Prevents male from becoming female’s next meal.
o Visual signals- “_____________________________” Males use enlarged ________________________ to transfer Females can deposit _________________________ in one silk sac! Females may take care of young during and after development. Some spiderlings practice _______________________.
o Describe ballooning: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What does it do for the spiderlings? _________________________________________________
Spider Adaptations
What do silk glands do? _____________________________________________ (________________) ___________________________- spin silk which hardens when it hits the air. Silk used to make ______________, __________________, ___________________________________,
_________________________. All spiders have silk glands, not all make webs! Have __________ on feet that keep them from sticking to silk. All spiders are venomous, only two toxic to humans.
Dangerous Spiders of the United States
________________________________- shiny black with red hour glass on ventral surface of abdomen.
________________________________- violin shape on cephalothorax
Daddy Long Legs
Myth: Daddy long legs are the most venomous spiders in the world but lack mouthparts to inject venom.
Truth: o Daddy longlegs (____________________________) are not spiders.o What don’t they make or have?
___________________________________________________________
o Have “__________________” fingerso What happens when they get disturbed?
____________________________________________________
Scorpions
________________________________ Venom gland and stinger in tail Modified pedipalps- pincers for grasping food/defense Courtship dance where male “lays” sperm case and female “sits” on case to pick up
sperm. ____________ young brooded by mother on her back for about ___________________________.
Mites
1mm or less in sizeo Many are ______________________________- feeding on blood or tissueo Some permanent (__________________________________)o Some temporary (______________________)
Ticks
Up to 3cm in lengtho All ________________________________o Bodies expand as they feedo Breeding occurs on hosto Female drops off and lays eggso Can carry ______________________.
Economic/ Environmental Significance
Carry/ cause diseaseo Which organism causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever? ____________________________o Which organism causes Lyme’s Disease? _____________________
Control _________________________________________________ Venom and silk may have _______________________________________________. Mites eat
___________________________________________________________________________________ Spider mites and other can ________________________/ _________________________.