1. AS year.Unit 1Global ChallengesUnit 2Geographical InvestigationsWorld at Riskand Going GlobalSummer Exam60% ASRebranding and Crowded CoastsSummer exam40% AS

2. Introduction to Unit 2 GeographicalInvestigations This module is worth 40% of AS 1hr 15mins exam Summer Two sections, each worth 35 marks 3 questions in each section Resource based Fieldwork, research skills and structured essayquestion style. 3. The Specification 4. What is the pattern of globalpopulation density? 5. Competition for CoastsLO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 6. How do physical factors create avariety of coastal environments?A. Land1. Resistance of the rocks GEOLOGYDifferent rock types will create differentlandforms. E.g. Resistant Chalk and weakerlimestone at Purbeck.LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 7. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsA. Land2. Relief Relief provides sheltered inlets and naturalharbours, e.g. Hong Kong Bay.LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 8. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsA. LandR E L I E F2. Relief 9. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsA. Land3. Presence or lack of beachSand dunes, shingle beach or sand beach will allhelp to protect the land from erosion. E.g.Beesands, Devon.A lack of a beach will clearly increase rates oferosion. E.g. Holderness Coastline.LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 10. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsA. Land4. River sedimentsRivers carry vast quantities of sediment to themouth. Once they meet the sea it is oftendeposited in the form of a delta. This adds to thecoast and allows space for development as wellas protection for the land. E.g. Nile Delta.LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 11. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsB. Sea1. Coastal (marine) ecosystems Mangrove swamps and coral reefs all help toprotect the land behind it. These ecosystemstherefore protect the coast, especially fromtopical storms as they are found in tropics!LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 12. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsB. Sea2. Wave energy and direction Waves can have huge impact on erosion andtherefore shaping the coast. The larger thefetch the more erosion. Compare Cornwall(.. Fetch) to Suffolk (.. Fetch) .LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 13. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsB. Sea3. Size and type of wavesLarger waves clearly cause more erosion thansmaller ones. Destructive waves have .Swash and a . backwash. These waves causemore damage than constructive waves ( swash and .. backwash)LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 14. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsB. Sea4. Local Currents and Long Shore DriftLong shore drift transports material along thecoast. Clearly areas where LSD takes placemeans that there will be a small and temporarybeach. Can increase the rate of erosion.LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 15. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsB. Sea 16. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsC. Weather and ClimateLO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 17. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsC. Weather and Climate1. Wind strength and directionOnshore winds will create more erosion thanoffshore ones. Also strengths can play animportant role in the tropics, e.g. hurricanes.LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 18. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsC. Weather and Climate2. Rainfall and temperatureTheses factors can influence weathering rates.E.g. slumping or biological weathering.LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 19. Physical factors that create a variety ofcoastal environmentsC. Weather and Climate3. Storms surgesStorms surges result from hurricanes. They candamage coastal areas over long periods of time.The damage from Hurricane Sandy was due to astorm surge.LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 20. Homework Find a photo of a coastal area and on it labelat least 4 different factors that shape thatarea, e.g. Relief, high land that stops erosionfrom being too rapid. Here is one I made earlier LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? 21. Relief: ..Presence of beach :..Local Currents:..Temperature:..Geology :.. 22. Factors influencing coasts Use the photos to saywhat the differentfactors are that youcan see, whichinfluence the coast.