L' accès ouvert, science ouverte et le rôle de DOAJ

Dr. Tom Olyhoekrédacteur en chef de DOAJ

DG-RSDT*Journées d’étude sur les revues scientifiquesOran, Algérie, 15-16 Mars 2015* (Direction Générale de la Recherche Scientifique et du Développement)

DOAJ :– launched May 2003 with 300 journals has now > 10,000 journals

Situation 2015: the DOAJ is now run by Infrastructures services for open access IS4OA and contains some 10.000 journals, 6,142 of which are searchable at Article level

More than 100 volunteers are actively involved in evaluating journal applications

Journal/ Article Quality Control+ Indexing

Journal/ Article Quality Control+ Indexing

Founded by Alma Swan, Caroline Sutton and Lars Bjornshauge

Qu’es-ce que fait le DOAJ?

Indexation de toutes les revues en Accès Ouvert selon de critères strictesFournir un portail pour chercher et accéder aux texts integrals de >6000 revues en Accès OuvertTous les services sont gratuitsLe DOAJ est financé par ses ‘Sponsors’

In the Past.... Publishers and Libraries provided access to information

Information was stored and distributed on paperPrinting and distribution were the major cost factors

The Internet has become a major and cheap source for all kinds of informationToday scholarly articles are digitally stored in computer networks

Distribution is virtually at no costPublishers and libraries are no longer sole controllers of information flow

But........................Publishing has not

become any cheaper

www.phdcomics.com

On the contrary:subscription journals have become too expensive even for Princeton University

On the contrary:subscription journals have become too expensive even for Princeton University

L’édition de revues scientifiquesPrincipaux éditeurs

• Editeurs commerciaux– Elsevier (2 000 revues)

• 20% titres issus de sociétés savantes– Springer (2 000 revues)

• 20% titres issus de sociétés savantes• Premier éditeur à proposer le modèle Open Choice (2004)• A racheté BioMedCentral (180 titres Open Access)

– Wiley-Blackwell (1 400 revues)• 55% titres issus de sociétés savantes

– Taylor&Francis (1 050 revues)– Sage-Hindawi (520+150 revues)

• 5% titres issus de sociétés savantes

• Société savantes– Editent la moitié des revues mondiales dont beaucoup avec des facteurs d’impact

forts car bien implantées chez les scientifiques– Tendent à déléguer leurs activités éditoriales à des éditeurs commerciaux

8

Publishers increase their profits mainly by offering Big Deals

Publishers increase their profits mainly by offering Big Deals

The Netherlands Universities have declined the latest big deal offer from Elsevier in 2014The German Universities are still negociating

> 50% revues vendues via des bouquets d’au moins 50 titres75% des revenues vient du digital Breaking news 12-03-2015

Still no agreement between Elsevier and dutch universities

Publishers net profits 2010Publishers net profits 2010

*Figures for 2010. Source—h]tp://poe.ceconomics.blogspot.co.uk/2012/01/enormousMprofitsMofMstmMscholarly.html#**h]p://scholarlyoa.com/2013/04/04/hindawisMprofitsMareMlargerMthanMelseviers/

Source: Stephen Curry UHMLG Open Access Forum28th Feb 2014

Compare Apple Inc that recorded an all time high 27% net profit in 2012

"For 350 years, scholars have written peer reviewed journal articles for impact, not for money, and are free to consent to open access

without losing revenue."Peter Suber

And Scholar’s revenues ?And Scholar’s revenues ?

Source: Souheil HouissaUniversité de la Manouba

Open Access

a natural consequence of the evolution of the internet

What is Open Access?There are Two componenTs To open access !

Initiative de Budapest pour l'Accès Ouvert

2002 2012

Par "accès libre" à cette littérature, nous entendons sa mise à disposition gratuite sur l'Internet public, permettant à tout un chacun de lire, télécharger,

copier, transmettre, imprimer, chercher ou faire un lien vers le texte intégral de ces articles, les disséquer pour les indexer, s'en servir de données pour un

logiciel, ou s'en servir à toute autre fin légale, sans barrière financière, légale ou technique autre que celles indissociables de l'accès et l'utilisation d'Internet. La

seule contrainte sur la reproduction et la distribution, et le seul rôle du copyright dans ce domaine devrait être de garantir aux auteurs un contrôle sur

l'intégrité de leurs travaux et le droit à être correctement reconnus et cités.

The Future is Open

The sharing economy

Jeremy Rifkin

Examples

EU funding requires open access 2018

Netherlands will require 0pen Access by 2016

Research Council UK 2013

Norway 2013

Welcome Trust 2013

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation 2015

Problems with Open?Information overloadWho pays for open access?Junk or useless information

Steep Increase in information output through open access publications

Source Laakso and Björk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:124

Information overloadInformation overload

1.

We need guides to find the right information

How to Deal with information overload

OLD-------------------------------

NEW

We need to develop open access publishing business models•Author pays (own pocket)•Research funders pay for research and publication)•Publishers pay with external grants

The cost of Open Access publishing:NOT as expensive as many adversaries claim

The cost of Open Access publishing:NOT as expensive as many adversaries claim

PeerJ $99 per person

Paper in subscription journal: $5081Paper in open-access journal: $453

Subscription paper costs eleven times as much

WARNING: all figures are very approximate!

Source Mike Taylor at Berlin11

2.

Article Processing Charges

Accès Ouvert : Qui Paie?

La plupart des revues en Access Ouvert n’ont pas de APC

Pour les revues chargeant APC souvent il y a le ‘waiver’

Tout cela a fait que les auteurs ne devront payer que dans les 3% des cas*

Dans beaucoup de cas c’est une organisation, université ou fondateur qui va payer les frais

*Source Peter Suber, Open Access

The Future Publishing is Open Access

PLoSONE is now the world’s largest journal with respect to the number of articles published Source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLOS_ONE

Is open Access low quality?

ExamplesNature Publishing Group acquired by Springer MediaNature announces ‘open access’Elsevier publishes more and more journals in open accessElsevier acquires Mendeley (scientist sharing platform)Many big publishers start supporting DOAJMore and more main stream publishers are applying for being listed with DOAJUniversities and organisations require open access journals to be listed with DOAJ

October 2013

February 2014

We need Quality control

We need Quality control3.

Ways of Quality ControlWays of Quality Control

Impact assessment ImpactStoryArticle quality peer-reviewJournal Quality DOAJ

IMPACT Factors IMPACT Factors

Problems with Impact Factors

Abused for judging individual scientistsAbused for judging articles ‘a priori‘Weak correlation of individual articles with IF-TRCan be manipulated by self citation (author / journal)It doesn‘t measure impact on higher education, on human health and wealth, on societies and on equality, participation and democracy

Source Bjorn Brembs Deep Impact

IF are more a measure of journal Status than of Quality

‘It is more important what you publish then where you publish’Cameron Neylon

‘The relation between the impact factor and the quality of individual articles of a journal is very weak’‘The correlation of the number of retracted articles and the impact factor is very strong’Bjorn Brembs

‘Sick of impact factors’Stephen Curry

We will no longer pay much attention to how much and where our scientists publish, only quality will countSecretary Sander Dekker, Minstry of Science & education NL

http://bit.ly/WNzA1Z

We need to redefine IMPACT

What to do with Impact Factors ?

Not only must we challenge the regime of the journal impact factor in its current form– don´t blame Garfield, don´t blame Thomson Reuters. Impact of science on science itself is a very problematic measurement as we all know.

the worst thing about this regime is its devastating effects on research in developing countries and countries in transition. The push for researchers from those countries and continents to publish in high impact factor journals has decisive influence on the subject of their research and much more so is a big obstacle for open access publishing.

Lars Bjornshauge PKP conference , Berlin 2011

Impact : it is not only about citationsImpact : it is not only about citations

Nouvelle Définition de Impact en tenant compte de nouveaux facteurs bibliographiques

Online access = more citations / Elie Dolgin. (February 2009),www.thescientist.com/blog/display/55437

Taux de citation des revues en Open Access Les revues en Open Access bénéficient de taux de citation similaires aux revues payantesMais les revues en Open Access ont un plus grand lectorat notamment dans les pays en développement

Impact of Open Access Impact of Open Access

Impact des revues OA en « Agriculture »Les articles en accès libre sont d’avantage cités (taux médian de citation de 4) que les articles en accès payant (taux de 2)

Impact of Open Access Impact of Open Access

Even your own doctor does not have access to the scientific literature Many scholars don’t have access to Web Of Science,Scopus, ScienceDirect Or to other paid services including direct subscriptions

Open Access is for all those people who need access

DOAJ offers a portal to access quality Open Access journals plus a searchable database with direct links to open access articles

Making Information available and accessible•Health information for patients and doctors•Government data for citizens•Scientific information for everyone e.g. Agricultural information

Tools like the Open Access Button can help catalyse change and create a world where science has more impact, is more efficient and importantly available to everyoneProfessor Randy Schekman, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013.

https://openaccessbutton.org/

DOAJ :– launched May 2003 with 300 journals has now > 10,000 journals

Situation 2015: the DOAJ is now run by Infrastructures services for open access IS4OA and contains some 10.000 journals, 6,142 of which are searchable at Article level

More than 100 volunteers are actively involved in evaluating journal applications

Journal/ Article Quality Control+ Indexing

Journal/ Article Quality Control+ Indexing

Founded by Alma Swan, Caroline Sutton and Lars Bjornshauge

ManagingEditor

Associate Editors: reviewing applications, communicate with publishers, recommend inclusion/rejection

Editors: allocating applications to Associate Editors, recommend inclusion/rejection

Managing Editors: allocate applications to Editors & decide on inclusion/rejection

The quality of open access journals

The Mission of DOAJ

COPE, OASPA, WAME & DOAJ:

• http://oaspa.org/principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing/

The DOAJ SEALThe best you can get!

Given reasons for being listed in DOAJ!• Increased visibility : 97%• Increased traffic : 85%• Prestige : 86%• Certification : 87%• Eligibility for support from OA-publication funds: 64%• Better promotion : 80%• Increased submissions : 72%

New criteria (>50)

• The new application form:• http://doaj.org/application/new

• Openness, Reuse& Remixing rights, Licensing, Copyrights and Permissions!

Openness

Reuse/remix

Licensing

Copyright and permissions

Editorial ”quality”

QUALITY AND TRANSPARENCY OF THE EDITORIAL PROCESS

• The journal must have two editors (Arts & Humanities) or an editorial board of 5 members, all members must be easily identified and have a good reputation

• Specification of the review process – Editorial review, Peer review., Blind peer review, Double blind peer

review, Open Peer Review, Other • Statements about aims & scope clearly visible • Instructions to authors shall be available and easily located• Screening for plagiarism?• Time from submission to publication

Editorial issues

Specify what kind of reveiw process is applied: Editorial review, Peer Review, Blind Peer Review, Double Blind Peer Review, Open Peer Review

Archiving/Preservation

• Archiving is important – too many OA-journals do not have an archiving arrangement

Permanent Identifiers (DOIs)

• Has your journal(s) implemented DOIs:• Yes: 35%• No: 55%• Don´t know: 10%

Plagiarism

Deposit policy

Submission Charges

Visits to DOAJ Website from Arabic speaking countries

Numbers of Journals from Arabic speaking counries that are listed in DOAJ

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• ”upgrading” DOAJ is a major effort

• we will only be able to do this, if we get more financial support from the community

• Please support the work we are doing!

• ”upgrading” DOAJ is a major effort

• we will only be able to do this, if we get more financial support from the community

• Please support the work we are doing!

You as a publisher or organization can become

• Member or

• Sponsor of DOAJGo to DOAJ.org/sponsor

You as a publisher or organization can become

• Member or

• Sponsor of DOAJGo to DOAJ.org/sponsor

Thank you for your attention!

tom@doaj.org

Thanks to all the Library Consortia, Universities and Publishers and our Sponsors for the financial support to DOAJ!

tom@doaj.org

Credits to the hard working team at DOAJ: Lars Bjørnshauge (Director), Sonja Brage, Rikard Zeylon,

Tom Olijhoek, Dominic Mitchell and all our incoming Associate Editors and our technical partner Cottage

Labs!

tom@doaj.org