L. 2 Grammar. KO-SO-A-DO Ko = something that is close to the speaker So = something that is close to...
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Transcript of L. 2 Grammar. KO-SO-A-DO Ko = something that is close to the speaker So = something that is close to...
![Page 1: L. 2 Grammar. KO-SO-A-DO Ko = something that is close to the speaker So = something that is close to the listener A= something that is neither close to.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551aae3555034656628b4e5c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
L. 2 Grammar
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KO-SO-A-DO
• Ko = something that is close to the speaker
• So = something that is close to the listener
• A= something that is neither close to the speaker nor the listener
• Do = question
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Kore-Sore-Are-Dore
• Kore = this thing here
• Sore= that thing in front of you
• Are= that one over there
• Dore = which one?
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Kore this one
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Sorethat one
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AreThat one over there
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Dore
Which one?
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Kore-Sore-Are-Dore
• Kore wa Takeshi-san no pen desu.
• Sore wa Mearii-san no pen desu.
• Are wa Suu-san no pen desu.
• Dore GA Robaato-san no pen desu ka.
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Kore-Sore-Are-Dore
• Takeshi-san no pen wa kore desu.
• Mearii-san no pen wa sore desu.
• Suu-san no pen wa are desu.
• Robaato-san no pen wa DORE desu ka.
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(Thing) wa DORE desu ka.
1. Newspaper
2. Umbrella
3. Computer
4. TV
5. Pen
6. Pencil
7. Japanese book
8. Notebook
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Kore-Sore
• Q: Sore wa nan desu ka.
• A: Kore wa pen desu.
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Kore-Sore
Q: Kore wa nan desu ka.
A: Sore wa pen desu.
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Kono-Sono-Ano-Dono
• Kono + Noun = this Noun
• Sono + Noun= that Noun in front of you
• Ano + Noun = that Noun over there
• Dono + Noun = which Noun?
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Kono + Noun
• Kono pen wa Mearii-san no pen desu.
• Kono pen wa 50-en desu.
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Sono + Noun
• Sono hon wa Suzuki-san no hon desu.
• Sono hon wa 500-en desu.
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Ano + Noun
• Ano kutsu wa Tanaka-san no kutsu desu.
• Ano kutsu wa 10000-en desu.
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Kono-Sono
• A: Sono pen wa IKURA desu ka.
• B: Kono pen wa 50-en desu.
AB
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Kono-Sono
A: Kono pen wa IKURA desu ka.
B: Sono pen wa 50-en desu.
A
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Koko-Soko-Asoko-Doko
• Koko = here, this place
• Soko = there (near you), that place
• Asoko = over there, that place over there
• Doko = where?
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• Ginkoo WA Koko desu.
• Ginkoo WA Soko desu.
• Ginkoo WA Asoko desu.
• Ginkoo WA Doko desu ka.
Koko-Soko-Asoko-Doko
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___ wa doko desu ka. 1. Ginkoo
2. Yuubinkyoku
3. Kissaten
4. Resutoran (Restaurant)
5. Toshokan
6. Depaato (Department store)
7. Honya
8. CDya
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How much?How much?
Pen
Kore
WA
WA
50-en
100-en
Desu.
Desu.
Pen
Kore
WA
WA
IKURA
IKURA
desu
desu
KA.
KA.
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Who? = DAREKore wa dare desu ka.
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“N 1 NO N2” in a WH question TopicTopic Noun PhraseNoun Phrase
N Prtcl N1 Prtcl N 2 Copula Verb
Kore WA Mearii-san NO Kasa desu.
TopicTopic Noun PhraseNoun Phrase
N Prtcl N1 Prtcl N 2 Copula Verb
Prtcl
Kore WA Dare NO Kasa desu Ka.
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TopicTopic CommentComment
Noun 1 Particle Noun 2 Copula Verb
Toyota-san WA Daigakusei Desu.
TopicTopic CommentComment
Noun 1 Particle Noun 2 Copula Verb
Honda-san MO Daigakusei desu.
Sentence # 1
Sentence 2
Particle MO = Also/ as well
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Affirmative
TopicTopic CommentComment
Noun Particle Noun Copula Verb
Watashi
わたしWA
はNihon-jin
にほんじんdesu.
です。
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Negative SentencesNegative Sentences
TopicTopic CommentComment
Noun Particle Noun Copula Verb
Mearii-san
メアリーさん
WA
はNihon-jin
にほんじん
Ja arimasen.
じゃありません。Ja nai desu.
じゃないです。
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Question Marker -KA
TopicTopic CommentComment
Noun 1 Particle Noun 2 Copula Verb
Sentence Particle
Toyota-san
とよたさんWA
はDaigakusei
だいがくせい
desu.
です。KA
か。
Is Toyota-san a college student?
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Negative AnswerNegative Answer
Noun 1 Particle Noun 2 Copula Verb
Iie, (Toyota-san WA) Daigakusei
Daigakusei
Daigakuinsei
Ja arimasen.
Ja nai desu.
desu.
No, (she is) not a college student.
No, (she is) a high school student.
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(Thing) o kudasai.
(Thing) o onegaishimasu.