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Transcript of KVK Kapurthala's Newsletter
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KVK NEWSJanuary -June 2010
Vol. I Issue No. 1 Kapurthala
A half yearly Newsletter of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kapurthala
Field Day on Sunflowercelebrated
Ex-trainees SammelenSACmeetingCapacity building of farmersFrontline DemonstrationPromising technologies
y Sunflowerhybrid seedproductiony Reduce cost of weeding by using
Wheel Handhoe in intercrops
New projects launchedy Plant Health clinicy Kisan mobile advisory
Trainings andawareness Income generating activities for farm
women
Trainings helped in changing themindset oftrainees
Farmer s Future in Marketing Achievements
OtherExtension activities Soiland watertesting
Editorial Board
Editor in Chief Dr Manoj Sharma
Editors Dr GagandeepKaurMrs GurpreetKaur
Members MrRajan BhattMrRS Bal
Mrs AvneetAhuja
Dr GurdeepSingh
From Editors deskDear Reader
Welcome to first edition of the KVK News ofKapurthala. The Newsletter of our KVK is devoted to hardworking
farming community of the district. Last year gave warning signalsabout the likely impact of climate change on wheat yield. The
erratic climate behaviour has added a new dimension to the
challenges ahead us.For planning our future course of action for the
development of agriculture in the area we organized 'ScientificAdvisory Committee' early this year. In the meeting deliberations
were held for developing need based training schedule, conducting'On farm trials' to solve location specific problems faced by thefarmers in achieving sustainable yields and increasing economic
benefits. Based on the agricultural management plan developed by
ICAR and SAUs, we are also providing "Weather based agro-
advisory service" to the farmers.As we know deteriorating soil and water resources are
posing serious problems and are adversely affecting agricultural production. To combat degradation of these natural resources wehave organized various training-cum-demonstration programmes
on input management and water management and soil testingcampaigns and we appeal the farmers to go for soil testing prior tofertiliser application..
Our goal of attaining 4% agriculture growth rate duringthe XI Plan needs concerted efforts by improving water
management, focusing on soil quality, diversifying into high valueagriculture, promoting animal husbandry and fishery. Banks areready to assist the farmers in starting these new ventures.
Among field demonstration and training we have beeninstrumental in spreading awareness and evoking substantial
interest in expansion of pulses and oilseeds crop areas. Also, KVK-
Kapurthala organised field day on Sunflower, Gobhi Sarson,Moong and Gram for focused dissemination of agricultural
technology.We have also compiled and published production
technology on "Kitchen Garden" in the form of booklet. This booklet will be of immense value for the rural households inproducing fresh fruits and vegetables for home consumption.
Capacity building of farmers has become very vital. Our
KVK have been significantly contributing through technical back-
stopping in capacity strengthening by conducting number of givenprogrammes. We believe that we will continue to work diligentlyand will achieve success in all our efforts. We hope support of all
the stakeholders in our endeavour to achieve a self sustaining,vibrant and participatory development.
Manoj Sharma
Contents
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Fi
ld D
on
unflo
r celebrated
KVK Kapurthala celebrate a field day on
sunflower at village Amarkot on Hybrid
PSH 569. Dr. Manoj Sharma, (Deputy
Director Training), Sh. Rajan Bhatt, Asstt.
Professor soils, Sh. RS Bal, Asstt Professor
Plant Protection, Dr Gurdeep Singh Asstt.
Professor Extension Education, Jasvir
Singh, DES (Agronomy) and Dr Gagandeep
Kaur Asstt. Professor Horticulture were
the key speakers.
Field dayonsunflo erat illa e A arkot
The field day was conducted to
show the participants to performance of
sunflower hybrid PSH 569 and receive
current production information. Highlight s
of the event were crop variety
performance; plant nutrition; and soil,
pest and production management for this
hybrid in specific and the sunflower crop
in general.
Field
isit to the sunflo
erfield in A
arkot
In view of its superior performance in
terms of seed yield, oil content, and
suitability for late sown conditions as
prevail in the district, this hybrid will be
highly preferred by the farming
community.
x-trainee
ammelan Or
anized
KVK organized an ex-trainees
sammelan in order to know the technical
problemsbeing faced by theex trainees of
KVK while applying the knowledge at their
own dairy units. On this occasion Sr.
Branch Manager, B SSandha from Punjab
Gramin Bank and Dr. Manoj Sharma,
Deputy Director (Training) presided over
the function. Technical lecture pertaining
to prevention of contagious diseases was
delivered by the R S Randhawa
(Veterinary Officer). He also highlighted
the various schemes operative in the
h. R
Randha
a (Veterinary Officer) deliverin
lectures to dairy traineesat
V
Department of Animal Husbandry for the
benefit of farmers. Deputy Director
(Training) elaborated the job
responsibilities of KVK and the way
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Dr. Manoj
harmaaddressin
the ex-trainees
farmers can make use of facilities being
provided by this Kendra in uplifting their
economic status. Ex-trainee were
sensitized to work in a group so that the
benefit of variousscheme launched by the
nationalized banks can be availed. After a
long discussion with the Sr. Branch
Manager a group named "Mehak" was
formed in which 10 members were
enrolled. In future all the group members
were asked to visit KVK on 15th of each
month to decide the action plan for the
next month. Deputy Director informed
that during the month of September a
training programme on cultivation of
mushroom will be organized at KVK.
Therefore, this group must take lead in
learning the process. Sh. Baljit Singh
thanked all the participants.
AC Meetin
!
The scientific advisory committee
meeting of KVK was conducted on the 8th
march, 2010 under the chairmanship of
Dr. M. S. Gill, Director of Extension
Education PAU, Ludhiana. Dr A. M. Narula,
Zonal Project Director, Zone-I presided
over the meeting which was attended by
the heads of the various line departments.
Four non- official members from farming
community were also present.
Dr. Manoj Sharma, Deputy
Director (Trg), KVK, Kapurthala presented
the work of KVK accomplished during the
last six months and work to be carried out
in next six months. Dr Narula critically
analyzed the work done and proposed
action plan of KVK. He called attention to
the need of market led extension and
suggested that training on market
intelligence, packaging of horticulture
produce may be included in action plan.
He stressed that KVK should act as a
resource centre in the district.
Dr M"
Gill, Director of#xtension
#ducation,PAU,
Ludhiana and Dr A M Narula, ZPD, North Zone-I,
presidin$
over"
AC meetin$
held at%
V%
,%
apurthala
SAC membersobservin&
'
V'
's exhibition
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Dr M S Gill said that Technology Park of
KVK depicting various crop diversification
options available in the district need to be
strengthens. He maintained that the
coordination of KVK and the line
department is must for welfare of farmers
so heencouraged line department to give
more feed back to KVK on training needs
and also send trainees to the KVK. He
further shared with the house the scope
of employment in mushroom compost
formation and spawn production and
asked the members present to nominate
interested candidates to the University for
training. He suggested that FLDs on
oilseeds and pulses should be combined
to make cropping scheme more
profitable.
Capacity Buildin(
of farmers
through vocational trainingsMicro entrepreneur generally lacks
on two major front, finance and capacity
as an entrepreneur. The capacity to run
business requires multifaceted skills like
technical skills and management skills and
the subsidiary occupations in agriculture
like dairy, bee- keeping, poultry, interior
decoration are no exception. Theexternal
intervention in the form of training and
consultancy may enhance the capacity of
these small entrepreneurs. In the
endeavour KVK organised seven
vocational trainees in past six months.
Further to strengthen this process of
entrepreneur development, KVK forms
farmer groups. In one such attempt to
strengthen small dairy entrepreneurs and
impart practical training to the dairy
farmers of area in the field of animal
nutrition, 2 groups were formed. These
groups visit KVK twice a month in order to
get latest information regarding dairy
husbandry on one hand and to get answer
of quarries raised on the other hand.
Further, the members of this group
interact with scientists of KVK and among
themselves and render help to each other.
Members of these groups have been
trained in computation of ration for milch
animals. These members prepared 40 Q
compound cattle feed at KVK who then
took this quantity of feed for feeding of
their milch animals. The many members
of the group have already ventured into
cattle feed production and aspiring to
establish themselves in the field. To
further assist them in their venture, KVK
organises the interaction camps in
association with the officials from local
banks like Punjab Gramin Bank,
Cooperative bank, Punjab & Sind Bank
and NABARD to increase the credit flow
for these farmers.
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Vocational Trainingsorganised
Dairy farming
Training course on poultry farming
Formulation of compound cattle feed
Preparation of decorative accessories.
Stitching and hand embroidery.Extraction, filtration, packing and marketing
of honey
These micro enterprise
development programs by KVK will
immensely help micro entrepreneurs who
are incapable of securing a loan or those
who have low or no credit by providing
them with training, support, help in
developing a sound business plan,
assistance in building their businesses and
linking them with credit institutions
Frontline DemonstrationsFrontline DemonstrationonSunflo
)er
Crop Area (ha) Noof
FLDs
Variety Yield (q/ha) Season
F
LDF
armerpractice
Sunflo)
er 4.8 12 PSH 569 20.8 19.6 February -
May
Frontline DemonstrationonGobhiSarson
Crop Area (ha) Noof
FLDs
Variety Yield (q/ha) Season
FLD Farmer
practice
Gobhi
Sarson
4.0 10 GSC-6 16.3 14.4 October-
March
Frontline DemonstrationonGram Crop Area (ha) Noof
FLDs
Variety Yield (q/ha) Season
FLD Farmer
practice
Gram 2.0 05 PBG-5 16.2 14.0 October-
April
Frontline Demonstrationon Moong
Crop Area (ha) Noof
FLDs
Variety Yield (q/ha) Season
FLD Farmer
practice
Moong 5.6 15 SML-668 12.1 10.6 March-
June
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Promising Technologies
Sunflo0
er hybrid seed production
Sunflower is an important oilseed crop of
Punjab. Spring season is most suited for
assured crop and high yields. Farmers face
immense seed shortage every year. Also
the price of seed is quite high and the
quality is variable. Under such
circumstances there is scope for hybrid
seed production of sunflower. KVK is
imparting training as well producing the
hybrid seed ofsunflower variety PSH 569
is produced at the KVK farm. The parents
CMS 234 A (female line) and P 69 R
(pollinator line) aresown in the ratio of 3:
1. The quantity of seed required for
sowing of one acre seed plot is 1.5 kg of
female line and 0.5 kg of pollinator line.
The first two borders rows on both sides
may besown with pollinator line to supply
Hybrid seed production plot ofsunflo1
erat2
V2
farm
enough pollen. Thesowing is doneby the
end of October. The crop stages such as
50% flowering, soft and hard dough stages
are very critical for irrigation. To avoid
lodging, earthing up is done when the
crop is 60-70 cm tall but before flowering.
The off type plants if any in the female
and pollinator lines are removed before
flowering. Pollen shedders if any, in
female line are also removed just at the
initiation of flowering. Regular rouging is
performed in order to ensure high quality
seed. Late flowering plants are also
removed. Presence of honey bees always
helps in better pollination thus, moreseed
yield. The pollinator line is harvested first
to avoid mixing with hybrid seed. The
seed of sunflower remains dormant for
about 45 days after harvesting. On an
average 6.25 quintal/ha seed is obtained.
Reduce cost ofweeding by using
3 heel Hand hoe inintercrops
The early crop of capsicum intercropped
with garlic is grown over an area of 70
hectares in Sultanpur block of Kapurthala
district. Manual weeding in the
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intercropped early capsicum crop poses a
problem. The intercropping of early
capsicum and garlic is otherwise a labour
and capital intensive cropping system. The
major head of the expenditure being the
cost of the seed and cost of protection
(polythene and straw covering) in this
October planted crop. Farmers look for
cheaper alternatives for other operations
like weeding.
Intercropping ofcapsicum with garlic
The crop faces intensive weed
competition at initial stages when the
canopy of the crops has not covered the
full area and requires inter cultivation at
fortnightly period. Thus, the weeding with
the wheel hoe comes as handy and viable
option for cost- cutting at this stage. The
Farmer working with hand hoe at hisfarm
4V
4Scientistsobserving capsicumfields
wheel hoe is a widely accepted weeding
tool for weeding and interculture in row
crops. It is a long handled tools operated
by push and pull action. The general
construction of wheel hoe comprises of
wheel assembly, miniature tool frame, a
set of replaceable tools and handle
assembly. The frame has got a provision
to accommodate different types of soil
working tools such as straight blade,
reversible blades, sweeps, V -blade, tine
cultivator, pronged hoe, miniature
furrower, spike harrow (rake) etc. which
can be operated by a single person. The
height of the handle can be adjusted to
suit the operator. The frame of wheel hoe
is made from structural mild steel and thin
walled mild steel pipes. The working
depth of the tool can be adjusted with the
help of clamp or through the plate with
multiple holes provided in the frame and
welded to the tool assembly. For
operation, the working depth of the tool
and handle height is adjusted and the
wheel hoe is operated by repeated push -
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pull action which allows the soil working
components to penetrate into thesoil and
cut/uproot the weeds in between the
crop rows. With this action, the weeds
also get buried in the soil. The weeding
operations are much easier and more
effective.
New projects launched
Plant health clinic
Plant health clinic hasbeen established at
KVK Kapurthala to provide farmers with
basic health services and provide advice
based on sound diagnosis. The laboratory
was established during March, 2010. The
major emphasis is on the diagnosis of
various diseases of different crops as well
as imparting practical training in
identification of different kinds of diseases
and insects. Farmers are regularly visiting
the centre for diagnosis of different
disease infested and insect infected
plants. Till now, a total of 61 samples have
been diagnosed in this lab. Various blow
ups depicting the diseasesymptoms have
been put up in the lab for the help of the
farmers. The live specimens of various
useful and harmful insects havebeen kept
in the lab for identification by the farmers.
5V
5scientist working on disease samples
6 isanmobile phone advisoryservices
For thequick and timely dissemination of
latest agriculture information to the
farmers KVK has initiated Kisan mobile
phone advisory. This is the unique
programme for making linkages between
the farmers and extension workers for
making the Indian agriculture sustainable
in the coming future through the use of
information and communication
technology like mobile phone. Here the
crop advisory will be provided by the KVK
subject matter specialist through Short
message service regarding the upcoming
farm operations which will directly reach
the targeted the population for its timely
implementation. The unique feature of
the service is that farmers can send
feedback or raise queries on the
information thus sent which will be
attended by the subject matter specialist
at theearliest possible. Thisservice will be
operational from the month of August. In
the first phase 500 farmers have been
registered with KVK. However, after the
initial evaluation and monitoring this
scheme will be extended for benefit of
more number of farmers in the district.
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Trainings andawareness
Trainings helped in changing the mindset
oftrainees
Dairy farming along with crop
hus 7 andry is a common practice in India.
However, this is normally su7
sistence in
nature. It is necessary to maintain a
particular herd size of8
uality7
reeds to
make dairying a profita7
le7
usiness. The
training programmes organised on dairy
farming7
y the KVK Kapurthala focussed
on this fact and trained the farmers oneconomics of different
8
uality7
reeds and
importance of large herd size. The survey
conducted in the district showed that the
trainees were convinced with this fact and
they changed their type of animals and
increased their herd size after acquiring
the trainings.
Table 1: Impact of training programmes
on herd composition
Sr
No
Indicator % Change
Before After
1. Average num 9 er of
Animals
7.68 9.21
2. Average num 9 er of
Buffalo
4.64 4.36
3. Average num 9 er of
Cows
4.38 6.38
4. Average num 9 er of
Cross9
reds
4.54 7.27
The average herd size of trainee
farmers was 7.68 animals7
efore training,
which increased to 9.21 animals per
farmer after the training. The profita7
le
herd size for dairy is considered to 7 e 10
animals.
Likewise, farmers shifted their
preference from7
uffaloes to high yielding
cows. The average num7 er of 7 uffaloes
with the farmers decreased from 4.64 to
4.36 after the trainings and follow up. On
the other hand, num7
er ofcows increased
from 4.38 to 6.38 per farmers. At the
same
Trainees at KVKs dairy training unit
Visit of PAU team at dairy unit
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time, there was a substantial increase in
the number of crossbred cows with the
farmer, which increased from 4.54 to 7.27
per farmer after the trainings. Thisshows
that the training programmes changed the
mindset of farmers and they started
keeping good quality animals considering
its role in milk production and
profitability.
Income generating activitiesforfarm
women
The vocational training courses viz.,preservation of seasonal fruits and
vegetables, stitching and hand embroidery,
preparation of decorative accessories and
detergent making are organized for rural
girls and farm women to generate regular
family income. Although the rural farm
women preserve seasonal fruits and
vegetables in the form of pickles and
chutney at their own but the shelf life of
these products is only 10-15
Home science scientists demonstrating preparation of
bottle gourd chutneyat @ V @ , @ apurthala
days. But the shelf life of preserved
products prepared by KVK is at least 6
months without preservatives. Secondly,
preserved foods thus prepared at home
are hygienic and are cheaper as compared
to those available in the market. Four
training courses on preservation were
organized. In these courses method of
preparation of mix vegetables pickles, mix
fruit jam, papayas chutney, cauliflower
chutney, suji papad, lemon squash, lemon
shred pickles and tomato sauce were
demonstrated.
Demonstrationon detergent making ByA
VA
scientistsStitching ofsuits is too costly these
days. Farm women and rural girls can
adopt stitching to generate income. For
this purpose KVK organises training
course on stitching and hand embroidery.
in this training course variousstitches viz.
chain stitch, stem stitch, satin stitch, knot
stitch, shadow work, long and short stitch,
button hole stitch and embroidery
stitches from different states like Phulkari
and Chope (Punjab), Kantha (Gujrat),
Luckhnavi (UP), Sindhi, Kashmiri are
taught. Demonstration on different types
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ofsuits viz. simplesalwar suit, patiala suit,
simple pyjami suit, samosa pyjami, frock
suit is also given. Detergent making at
home is another option that can increase
family income. Detergent made at home is
cheaper as compared to that available in
market and no special equipments are
required for its preparation.
Farmers' Future in Marketing
Commodity future markets are
coming in big way in Indian agriculture.
After the Indian economy embarked upon
the process liberalization and
globalization in 1990, Government of India
set up a committee to deliberate on role
of future trading. Committee
recommended the future trading and
strengthening of Forward Market
Commission. Farmers can reap the
benefits of future trading by hedging in
Multi Commodity exchanges (MCE).
Although thebusiness of future marketing
has grown phenomenally, over 60 times
to a volume of approximately Rs. 40 lakh
cores in 2007-2008 but the farmers are
unaware of these mega opportunities.
Country has 4 national level electronic
exchanges and 21 regional exchanges for
trading commodity derivatives. The
number of National level commodity
exchanges will reach to five when the
Ahmadabad commodity exchange (ACE)
starts working next this year. Farmers may
apprehend to venture into business due
to lack of knowledge about economic
rationale and functioning of future
markets. Future marketing through Multi
Commodity Exchanges (MCE) can protect
farmers against adverse price fluctuation
through hedging. Thus farmers are can get
ensured prices if not better one. However,
world over farmers do not directly
participate in the future market. They take
advantages of the pricesignalsemanating
from a futures market. Price signals form
exchanges helps farmers to take decision
about cropping pattern and the
investment intensity of cultivation.
Dissemination of the futures prices of the
Exchange traded products improves his
bargaining capacity. However, direct
participation of farmers in futures market
to manage price risk may be cumbersome
as it involves meeting various membership
criteria and payment of daily marginsetc.
The participation of farmers through
aggregators/ cooperatives like Markfed /
Hafed etc could be a useful idea as it
provides the farmers with means and
mechanism to hedge his produce and
derivebenefits of the futures markets.
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Achievements
Sr.
No.
Type of Courses Planned Organized
1 Shortt rm 43 38
2. Vocational 10 07
3. In-Service 11 05
Extension Activities
Activities Number of
activities
conducted
Beneficiaries
Field Day 8 208
Kisan Gosthi 03 38
Exhibition 02 5022
Method Demonstrations 03 72
Group meetings 06 25
Lectures delivered as resource
persons
55 1840
Newspaper coverage 19 Numerous
Radio talks 01 Numerous
TV talks 09 Numerous
Extension Literature 06 Numerous
Advisory Services - 1150
Scientific visit to farmers field 61 742
Diagnostic visits 36 69Exposure visits 10 156
Ex-trainees Sammelan 02 30
Self Help Group Conveners
meetings
04 63
Total 225 9415 +
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Soil-water testing
The soil and water laboratory was
established during 2006 and analysed 2108
samples till dateby charging Rs 20 per sample
as testing fee. The soil health and water
quality in the district is depleting due to
excessive use of inorganic fertilizers and
pesticides. Burning of paddy and wheat straw
has further deteriorated thesoil health. Crops
yield in district are declining due to increasing
deficiency of macro and micro nutrients. In
order to ameliorate nutrient deficiency of
major and micro nutrients, the farmers are
advised to apply fertilizers on thebasis ofsoil
test. this will enhance the nutrient use
efficiency as well increase margin of profit of
farmers.
RajanBhatt (SMS, Soil) demonstrating soil sampling
Demonstration unitsatB
VB
y Technology parky Dairy unity Bee-Keeping unity Mushroom unity Vermicompost unity Poultry cum fish integrated unity Kitchen garden
SCIC NTISTS D ORE ING AT E VE , E APURTHALA
Sr.
No
Sanctioned
post
Name ofthe
incumbent
Phone
number
1 Programme
Coordinator
Dr. Manoj
Sharma
98727-45890
2 Subject Matter
Specialist
(Agronomy)
Smt Gurpreet
Kaur
98889-98643
3 Subject Matter
Specialist
(HomeScience)
Smt. Avneet
Kaur Ahuja
98154-83588
4 Subject Matter
Specialist (Soil
Science)
Sh. Rajan
Bhatt
98159-63858
5 Subject Matter
Specialist (Plant
Protection)
Sh R S Bal
6 Subject Matter
Specialist
(Extension
Education)
Dr Gurdeep
Singh
88722-00121
7 Subject Matter
Specialist
(Horticulture)
Dr. Gagandeep
Kaur
98720-71306
For more information please contact
Dr. MANOJ SHARMA
Deputy Director ( Training) KVK, J. J. Farm,
P.O. Sheikhupur, Kapurthala 144620.
[email protected]; 01822-233056
[email protected] ;98727-45890