Kuyasa and its scale-up to a National Sustainable Settlements Facility

Western Cape Provincial CDM Workshop

Dr Shehnaaz MoosaSteve Thorne21th September 2011

Contents

• SouthSouthNorth • Kuyasa intro• Kuyasa implementation • National Sustainable Settlements Facility • Some conclusions• Some conclusions

SouthSouthNorth

• What are we?• Where are we?• Entry point – Sustainable Development• High hanging fruit• Mitigation and Adaptation• Mitigation and Adaptation• Project lead hands-on learning-by-doing• Knowledge in public domain

General InformationSouth African Export Development Fund (SAEDF) August 2007Kuyasacdm@telkomsa.net

The Kuyasa CDM Project: First Gold Standard and African CDM project registered. Currently being implemented in Khayelitsha, Cape Town

The Kuyasa CDM Pilot

• 2309 RDP houses

• Solar Water Heaters

• Insulated ceilings

• Energy efficient lighting

Overall view of light and SWH interventions

7

Sectional view of ceiling installation

8

9

First steps in design

• Selection retrofit of technologies (lighting, water heating and thermal performance improvements)

• Selection of study sample (10 houses)• Retrofitting and monitoring housing through winter• 15 community based meetings• 15 community based meetings• Project design drafting (using small scale CDM methods)• Project design registration• Fund raising for implementation• Business plan and transfer to implementers

Technology (and cost excl. infrastructure)

Tonnes/hh/year

Value Euro/hh/year

Solar water heating (100l)(Euro 250)

1.3 20

Insulated ceilings 1.3 20Insulated ceilings (30 square metres)(Euro 125)

1.3 20

Efficient lamps (2 lamps)(Euro 30)

0.2 3

Key methodological issues

• Taking account of poverty by including suppressed demand for energy service

• What does this mean?• How was it argued?• Difficulty – real and measurable emissions reductions• Difficulty – real and measurable emissions reductions• Difficulty – rigour versus simplicity

Some notes on Kuyasa

• Implementation completed. • Many small sources of emissions make transaction costs

high.• Cost R30m for implementation.• R200 000 for verification (awaiting completion)• R200 000 for verification (awaiting completion)• Scale… public investment and ownership of CERs.• Suppressed demand needs to be included in

methodological approach for replication.• NAMAs (Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions) may

be more appropriate.

VISION: A clearing house which enables and incentivises access to financing for clean energy services in all low income housing in South

Africa

MISSION: To establish a Facility which 1) administers a CDM programme, and 2) leverages and manages access to the additional

The National Sustainable Settlements Facility

programme, and 2) leverages and manages access to the additional upfront financing required for the incremental capital costs of

sustainable energy interventions in low income housing

NSSF progress to date

1. SSNA together with the CTCC developed Kuyasa as a pilot2. REEEP funding to explore viable models for replication at scale, with a

focus on financing3. Programmatic CDM approved, providing avenue for carbon finance4. Drafting Group established to provide guidance and legitimacy5. Kuyasa being implement by SAEDF with DEAT grant finance6. DANIDA funded development of a Business Plan for the NSHF7. South African Export Development Fund (SAEDF) and Energy

Development Corp. funding the development of a SWH programmatic methodology

8. DANIDA funding a work plan to achieve government endorsement and appointment of an incubator

9. DBSA funding the development of thermal efficiency methodology and programme/s and further establishment

National Sustainable Settlements Facility

• Institutional and Financial architecture• Methodological and Programmatic issues• Interface with housing developers

Institutional and financial issues

• Currently leadership through a drafting Group established to provide guidance and legitimacy.

• Includes: DBSA, SANERI, DHS, DoE, Eskom, NHFC, DNA, SSNA, municipalities.

• Where should the Facility be situated institutionally?• Where should the Facility be situated institutionally?• The income from carbon, demand side management,

Renewable energy certificates, other externality interests..• Loss of earnings for the utilities need to be recovered.

A Low Income Housing Programme for South Africa

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Ran

d (in

Mill

ions

)

How to bring carbon finance forward?

-500

0

500

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Ran

d (in

Mill

ions

)

Years

Assumptions

Carbon price �15

Ongoing 50% equity investment

R1000 beneficiary contribution

Only Greenfield housing included

No financing

How to bring intervention costs down?

International Carbon Markets

SWH ThermalEfficiency

Energy Efficient Lighting

CDM Programme of Activities

The National Sustainable Settlements Facility

19

National Sustainable Settlements Facility

SWH MethodologyEfficiency

Methodology Lighting

Methodology

Housing Project

Housing Project

Housing Project

Housing Project

Equity Loan

Facility

Methodological approach

• Two new large scale methods • Solar Water Heating and • Thermal Performance improvements

High level BenefitsSocial

• Respiratory health burden reduced• Provision of hot water – health / comfort• Household cost savings due to energy efficiency • Employment opportunities (EPWP)

Economic• Peak demand reduced – defers new installed

capacity

21

capacity • Leadership for low cost housing / energy industry• Entrepreneurial opportunities

Environmental• Largest project of its kind in Africa - Leadership• City SWH target – 10% by 2010 (ie 80 000

houses) Project assists this target• Implementing global commitments

Governance• Local participation and decision-making

National Sustainable Settlements Facility (NSSF) Key Conclusions• Carbon finance for low income housing requires a long

term investment view.• But the returns to a programme are highly significant,

both carbon revenues and co-benefits• Risks are manageable.• The issue is around availability of upfront financing for • The issue is around availability of upfront financing for

capital interventions and identifying an entity to drive the programme.

• There is strong interest from CC community internationally, especially in Gold Standard programme.

• What is the role of SA Government – avoided cost of supply (EEDSM?), job creation, health care, environmental services.

Conclusions into the future

• NSSF Model is replicable for other sub-sectoral mitigation approaches using projects to head to programmes to sub-sectors to future developing country commitments

http://www.southsouthnorth.org