KRIORUS.R

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HISTORY

1900s – glycerol properties discovered by Russian botanist Maximov

1913 – experiments by Russian physicist Porfiry Bahmetiev on anabiosis and hypobiosis on larvae

1929 – the main character in Mayakovsky play “Bedbug” is cryopreserve

1971 – Russian reanimatologist Vladimir Negovsky discusses “European cryonics corporation” with Anatol Dolinov (France)

2000s – we catch up

OCTOBER 27, 2005

Cryonics case report at our seminar

THE BASIC FACTS

Founded 2005, owned by 9 people

15 patients

$10K neuro / $30K full-body

>50% market share in Europe

A for-profit (easier to register and operate in Russia), but a non-profit in spirit

5+ compensated part-time employees, many volunteers

STAFF

Valerija Pride, General Director

Igor Artyukhov, Science Director

Danila Medvedev, Chairman

Eugenij Shumilov, Doctor/Technician

Alexey Sulaev, Embalmer/Perfusionist

Andrey Shvedko, Engineer/Philosopher

Victor Grebenshikov, Head of Technical Council

CASES

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EXAMPLE CASE 1

Patient: 80+ year old relative of a transhumanist

Death is in the hospital during the weekend (not in Moscow, but in major city)

Delay in notification: 12 hours

We arrive ~20 hrs after death

The body is cooled passively, core temperature reaches +9C

Additional time spent on formalities (due to the weekend): ~15 hrs

EXAMPLE CASE 1

Permission from the head of the hospital is obtained to perform cryopreservation (before the death certificate, so the patient is in custody of the hospital)

Head of the pathology department and a nurse assist

Our specialist oversees the procedure, prepares the solutions

BPS-7 is used as carrier, ramped up glycerol as cryoprotector

Access to vasculature is established, washout and perfusion is done manually (up to 50% glycerol

EXAMPLE CASE 1

Cooling is done using water ice and dry ice vapour, nasal temperature monitored

Solutions are cooled to a few degrees C

During the operation the core temperature is about +2

The brain had to be removed per relatives’ request

Cooldown to -80C in a dry ice box with no temperature adjustment (brain submersed in glycerol)

The brain is visually inspected, there is no ice formation visible on the surface

EXAMPLE CASE 2

Patient: ~25 year old (in Moscow, several years ago)

Delay in reporting: 5 hours. Additional delay: 10 hours

In that time we had to find a place to perform perfusion, find a surgeon, assemble the team, get necessary supplies in place, move the patient from the hospital, get necessary permissions

Access and perfusion done by surgeon, assistance by our specialist. A perfusion specialist

EXAMPLE CASE 2

Whole body perfusion takes ~7 hours

Whole body is preserved in dry ice

No way to ascertain the quality of the perfusion (venous return not analyzed for glycerol concentration)

A perfusionist analyzing the recording heavily criticized the operation

Later cellular studies show good viability in cryopreserved fibroblasts, sperm, other cells. Neurons not studied

EXAMPLE CASE 3

A 70+ year old relative of a transhumanist

Death in Moscow hospital (intensive care)

Agreement with administration reached pre-mortem

Notification about death: <1 hour

Access to the morgue in 2-3 hours

Medication including heparin is injected by our specialist, indirect heart massage is performed

EXAMPLE CASE 3

The body is additionally cooled with water ice while in morgue

The body is taken out of the hospital before government death certificate is issued (only with a medical death certificate) with the help of a funeral director

Perfusion takes place in the morgue near KrioRus

An embalmer experienced in doing open-circuit embalming perfusion (including 5+ cryonics cases) performs the operation

EXAMPLE CASE 3

A roller-pump is used with open-circuit perfusion

The operation is monitored using video-conferencing by a US cryonicist (Mike Darwin) who provides additional advice

Two nurses and our specialist assist

Blood return samples are taken

Head is preserved

Cooling is done with manual temperature control and tracking (in an acetone bath)

EXAMPLE CASE 4

An old dog is cryopreserved

The operation takes place in a private laboratory

A surgeon is performing the operation

A closed-circuit perfusion is used (takes 12+ hours for initial setup)

The operation starts on a live anesthetized dog

There is some difficulty establishing access

EXAMPLE CASE 4

The dog dies during the operation from shock

Due to insufficient monitoring the perfusate reservoir runs empty, perfusion has to be stopped earlier

A head of the animal is preserved and transported at -10 to the storage facility

FACILI

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FACILITIES

FACILITIES

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

Can accept neuro and full-body patients for storage

Can pick up the patients in Europe, Russia, CIS

no standby/perfusion capability in EU

Are always willing to share information with local groups (friendships with groups in Finland, South Africa, Australia, Hong Kong, etc.)

Will offer EUCRIO standby to our clients

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

QUESTIONS?

www . kriorus . ru

kriorus @ mail.ru

+7-911-KRIORUS

Moscow, Russia