Kotahena, architectural site analysis
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Transcript of Kotahena, architectural site analysis
S O C I O – P H Y S I C A L C O N T E X T S T U D Y
K O T A H E N A - C O L O M B O 1 3
S G P 2 0 1 3
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
The impact and implications of society on the context trigger the evolvement and growth of its physical foot prints. The Holistic entity of socio physical context depicts the soul of the place while each & every individual factors contribute in detailing & elaborating its various qualities.
HISTORY
GENERAL CONTEXT
STREET ANALYSIS
SITESCLIMATE
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET CONTEXT SITES CLIMATE
COLOMBO
From the 5th century A.D. Colombo has
been recorded as a maritime port which
was acted as a main administrative,
social and commercial capital in Sri
Lanka. Therefore this place was
influenced and adopted by many
frequent seaboard Arabs
& South Indian traders in several ways.
After passed around three colonist regimes
Portuguese (1505 - 1656 A.D.)
Dutch (1656 - 1796 A.D.)
British ( 1796 - 1948 A.D.)
Colombo has become a fine city
fortified by twelve bastions. The Dutch
captured the city in 1656 after
Portuguese and they themselves has
alter the fortification as well as the
streets in more regular grid pattern
which can be seen today.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET CONTEXT SITES CLIMATE
They divided the city in to two parts where the fort has been
reduced and confined to the western portion. Dutch
named this area as Old city and converted it in to an Active
center which call as Pettah in present.
PORTUGUESE – DUTCH
MAP OF COLOMBO 1656
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET CONTEXT SITES CLIMATE
Outside of the fort was selected for the
residential purposes and were built new
buildings according to their architecture.
Pettah became the most congested area in
the city of Colombo for the institutions of
wholesale and retail trade, Private
business and banking. Therefore public
residential places for this population
became an essential need.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET CONTEXT SITES CLIMATE
Galle face Colombo in 1880
Galle face Colombo in present
Early Colombo harbor
Colombo harbor Present
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET CONTEXT SITES CLIMATE
Not only the trading Dutch wanted
established and permeated the religion
within the country. As a main link Kotahena
was selected because of it’s topography and
constituted the “WOLVENDHAL” church in
1756 A.D. The name “Wolvendhal”, The Hill
of Wolfs was came because of frequent jackals
in marsh land, that the Dutch were
misunderstood the as Wolfs.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET CONTEXT SITES CLIMATE
But in 1900s, because of the port this area
gradually became a commercial hub of
Colombo and most of commercial activities
has done by Muslims and Tamils . According
to all these factors population of Muslims and
Tamils were increased .
Majority of the people were moved to this area
for looking an employment in the harbor
related activities. Because of this rapid
migration and population increase, Kotahena
has occupied by low income families.
At present, this area has become an
undeveloped inner city, with slums and
squatter settlements inhabited by those who
had come to city for occupation.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
GENERAL CONTEXT
Landmarks
PRESENT DAY KOTAHENA
Kotahena (Colombo 13) begins
along the western coast of
Colombo where the
Pettah (Colombo 11) ends
and winds its way up north
towards the (Colombo 15) and
east towards the town of
Grandpass (Colombo 14)
and Hultsdorp of
(Colombo 12)
Nodes
Building Usage
& Common features
Roads
Important Places
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
The town boasts of one of the oldest and largest Catholic parish cathedrals in Sri Lanka, the
St. Lucia’s Cathedral, located with its rear facing the Indian Ocean and facing East towards
Grandpass. There is also a large population of Tamil Hindu’s in the town.
Two famous schools that have provided an excellent medium of education for boys and girls
in Kotahena are St. Benedict's College (boys) and Good Shepherd Convent (girls), both
managed and maintained by the Catholic Church.
Being a very Roman Catholic town, there are many famous Catholic churches located within
it and many are the famous feasts that are held annually at these places or worship. The town
also has a very large population of Tamil Hindus, thus creating an environment that also has
many famous Hindu temples and Hindu festivals.
Other places of religious interest in Kotahena are: the Dipaduttaramaya at Kotahena, 5km
from Fort; the Sima Malaka at 61 Śrī Jinaratana Road, Colombo, 3km from Fort; the many
Hindu Temples specially the Śrī Ponnambalawaneswarar Kovil at Kochchikade, Kotahena,
and the Śrī Siva Subrahmanya Swami Kovil, Gintupitiya – within walking distance of Sea
Street, Pettah. In the Sea Street in Pettah in Colombo are several Hindu temples, the
Ganeshan, the Old Kathiresan and the New Kathiresan with their colorful doorways. Several
other Hindu temples (kovils) are also seen In the City.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
Kotahena area is more like a Bazar catering to many
wholesale business. In old days retail business thrived in
the kotahena but today many of them have moved away to
other lucrative location within this city.
Kotahena as a part of pitta kotuwa is as known as
bustling open air bazaars and markets having its own
specialty. Kotahena is also the most ethically mixed
part of the city and the streets are dotted with several
interesting Mosques, Hindu Kovils, Churches, and
Buddhist temples.
Kotahena is noisy
busy and crowded
area . When you
walking down
this street , you
will have to keep
pausing to dodge a
venders pulling a
Cart leaden with
goods, a trishaw or
A lorry.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
Maha Vidyala Road
Wolvendhal Church
Sri Rathnajothi Saravanamuttu Mawatha
Gas Works Junction
Mohomad Zain Mawatha
Wolfendhal Girls School
Maharoof Water Tower
Grand Mosque
Hussainia Street
Rifai Thangal Lane
Vidyala Junction
New Moor Street
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXTSTREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
STREET ANALYSIS
LANDUSE PATTERNS
ELEVATIONS & FRONTFACADES
STUDY
ACTIVITY PATTERNS &
LIFE STYLE BEHAVIORS
Along The Road Of Sri Rathnajothi Saravanamuttu Mawatha Which Is
Where The Four Sites Are Located And Its Starting At The Main Junction
Near The Church And Ends With The Gasswork Junction At The Bottom
Part Of The Street
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SRI RATHNAJOTHI SARAVANAMUTTU
MAWATHA
Majority of the buildings at the edge of
the street can be identified as shop
houses with dual usages, where ground
floor level is used for commercial
purposes and upper floor levels for
residential purposes.
LAND USE PATTERN
Immediately after this commercial linear
pattern, Residential zone has been
developed as several group of
communities.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
STREET ELEVATIONS
&
FRONT FACADES
The maze of streets and alleyways piled and crammed with goods of every description
from colorful textiles, gunny bags, electrical goods and foot wares.
Inappropriateness of the builtform resolution and a sense of ownership is extreamly high.
The users recorgnised their choices of location neighbours and clustering pattern based
on the kinship customs and occupations.
Regeneration here is nothing but the endless cycle of life in their natural way of living
existing still there
In this perticular environment , Kotahena with all its plurality has a social and
cultural net that sustains and modulates everything else
BUILT FORMS & STYELS
STREET ELEVATIONS
COLOURS
PRIVACY & SECURTY
HOUSES
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SRI RATHNAJOTHI SARAVANAMUTTU MAWATHA
ELEVATION 01
FROM VIDYALA JUNCTION
TO GASWORKS JUNCTION
Inappropriateness of the builtform resolution and a sense of belongings is extremly high. The users recognized their choices of location neighbors and clustering pattern based on the kinship customs and occupations.
Buildings have their own uniqueness and particularity. Buildings are Richly diverse in its built forms and styles shows their own characteristics in the way of making their shelters.
Trading is the major economic activity in this area. Thus commercial activities are deeply rooted as it is the first organized form of livelihood practice.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SRI RATHNAJOTHI SARAVANAMUTTU MAWATHA
ELEVATION 02
FROM VIDYALA JUNCTION
TO GASWORKS JUNCTION
Inappropriateness of the builtform resolution and a sense of belongings is extremly high. The users recognized their choices of location neighbors and clustering pattern based on the kinship customs and occupations.
Buildings have their own uniqueness and particularity. Buildings are Richly diverse in its built forms and styles shows their own characteristics in the way of making their shelters.
Trading is the major economic activity in this area. Thus commercial activities are deeply rooted as it is the first organized form of livelihood practice.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
BUILT FORMS
Most buildings are built
at several stages as
extensions to the
previously built
structures.
Usage of materials are not
planed but arbitrary.
Walls are built in concrete
blocks, red bricks, Zn/ Al
sheets and Glass. Most of
the shopwalls are cladded
by using alucobond panels.
Small balconies are very c
ommen for these buildings.
Roofs are made out of Zn/Al
sheets and Asbestos sheets.
Occasionally callicut and
sinhala tile roof can be seen.
Most of the roofs are
slabs which have been l
eft for futher
development. Often these
slabs are converted in to
terraces.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
COLOURSUse of bright colure embellishments, emphasis their
living shelter from another which breaks the
monochromatic earth tone
The residents, although it’s a housing scheme with
identical unit have given their home’s their own touch &
identity by Applying different colors to each resident
unit this distraction makes this housing schemas vivid
and colorful and also dynamic.
The residents, although it’s
a housing scheme with
identical unit have given
their home’s their own touch
& identity by Applying
different colors to each
resident unit this distraction
makes this housing
schemas vivid and colorful
and also dynamic.
Use of bright colure
embellishments, emphasis
their living shelter from
another which breaks the
monochromatic earth tone
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
Currently the context is
allocated in to smaller areas
based on small sub
communities such as “
WATHU” and streets. These
areas operated as open
communities where security
and privacy is majorly
needed. The social
system is primarily not
narrowed down to the
family unit in a each house
but in a mixed social
Interrelationship network.
PRIVACY AND
SECURITY
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
Small houses, small
compact spaces with very I
nadequate openings for
light and ventilation. Most
spaces are used for
multifunctions and are often
not allocated for certain
activities.
Houses are a metaphor for a
way for a way of life
reflecting the social and
economical background of
the occupants.
HOUSES
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
ACTIVITY PATTERNS
&
LIFE STYLE BEHAVIORS
Activity patterns & life style of these people
has mainly based on their current occupation
of earning money
Each & every person is engaged with any kind
of work as their self employment
Road is a very live place at day time because
of the road based activities that they depend on
Road has become a part of their life as it full
fills their day today needs
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
Street vending takes place in front of houses as away of
earning an extra income.
Home made food items are sold by the occupants themselves
as self employment.
These food depots being a temporary layer in front of the
building fabric, add a certain unique
character to the street and the surrounding context.
Most of the low – income people are
engaged as labour workers on
payment
of daily basis.
The pavements and shop – fronts are
temporarily occupied by people who
are self – employed as cobblers and
menders.
During day time, narrow streets and shop – fronts are used
as gathering spaces while promoting social
interactions.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORY GENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
Due to various commercial and industrial activities
happening within the area, daily energy
consumption has become relatively high.
Streets have become dynamic entities of socia`l fabric
where people depend on for social interactions,
occupations, transportation and bonding with each other.
Being an area where commercial activities are high, and full
of buildings used as ware houses and storages, majority of
poor people are daily occupied as labourers in
transportation of goods.
Coherence and harmony among religiously and ethnically
diverse communities acts as a catalyst to increase
social interactions.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITES
Proposed four sites located either side
of the road of Sri Rathanajothi
Saravanamuttu Mawatha
Road width is nearly 12m
SRI RATHNAJOTHI SARAVANAMUTTU MAWATHA
01 02
0304
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS SITE 01
From one side its
open to the 1st
Mosque Lane and its a
10m width road. Most
of the existing building
at there is Shop
houses and individual
apartment blocks
opening in to the
mosque lane.
Area of the site: 1200sq.m
Width: 20m
Length: 50m
1st MOSQUE LANE
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANLYSISSITE 01
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS SITE 02 Area of the site: 1200 sq.m
Width: 24m
Length: 50m
From one side its
open in to a narrow
alley way and other
side is open to the
main road. The alley
way shows lot of
charachteristics in
there people and it is
interesting to see their
various types of life
styles going on
streets.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANLYSISSITE 02
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS SITE 03 Area of the site: 1200 sq.m
Width: 24m
Length: 50m
From one side its
open in to the Rifai
Thaipongal Street and
from other side its
open to the Main
Street. And its also a
housing apartment at
the existing site. But
have many issues with
the way of its existing
there. Cause to so
many problems for the
people who lives there.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANLYSISSITE 03
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS SITE 04
MAIN ROAD
Area of the site: 1200 sq.m
Width: 20m
Length: 60m
It is a Housing
apartment with four
floors that existing
near the main road and
its where the Kotahena
Police station located
in the ground floor. It
is a one apartment
building out of four
apartments. Very old
building no at the
present can see how
the people have
separated their living
parts by painting it in
different colors.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS
CLIMATE
WIND PATH
(FROM SEA)
& SUN PATH
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS
Haphazard arrangements of shading eaves have obstructed the penetration of
natural light and ventilation, creating ambiguous corridors…
Penetration of natural light is restricted due to inadequate open spaces between
residential buildings consisting several floors.
Darker ground floor areas and narrow sideways have created due to haphazardly
extended balconies.
Jutted – out arrangements of shading eaves and roofs have created inappropriate
air – pockets between buildings with less light and ventilation.
This situation have led to breeding places for mosquitoes and bacterial diseases.
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS
LESS VENTILATION FOR LOWER LEVELS
CREATES SHADED CORRIDORS
KOTAHENA
Socio Physical Context
S G P 2 0 1 3
Study
HISTORYGENERAL CONTEXT STREET ANALYSIS SITES CLIMATE
SITE ANALYSIS