Kosovo – Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 – Performance Report

.UNMIK

PROVISIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF SELF GOVERNMENT

GOVERNMENT OF KOSOVO

MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND SOCIAL WELFAREPISG

DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

EMPLOYMENT

PROMOTION

PERFORMANCE REPORT

2006/2007

KOSOVO

MLSW / DLE – Kosovo – Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 – Performance Report

06/2006-06/2007

2


Editors:

Julius Krause

Senior Policy Advisor, MLSW / DLE – GTZ / CIM

[email protected]

Shpetim Kalludra

Chief for Labour Market Analysis Section , MLSW / DLE

[email protected]

Labour Market Analysis SectionDepartment of Labour and EmploymentMinistry of Labour and Social Welfare

Responsible: Ylber Shabani, Director GeneralDepartment of Labour and EmploymentMinistry of Labour and Social Welfare

3

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


Rruga e Tiranes p.n.10000 Prishtina, Kosovo

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Table of Contents

0. Executive Summary ........................................................................................... 09

1. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 11

2. Registered Unemployment ................................................................................ 12

2.1. Skills and Unemployment ...................................................................... 12

2.2. Age and Unemployment ........................................................................ 13

2.3. Ethnicity and Unemployment ................................................................. 13

2.4. Gender and Unemployment .................................................................. 14

2.5. Regional Developments ........................................................................ 14

2.6. Unemployment Staff Ratio / Regional Capacities ................................... 15

3. Employment Mediation ..................................................................................... 17

3.1. Vacancies .............................................................................................. 17

3.1.1. Vacancies by Sector .................................................................. 17

3.1.2. Vacancies by Skills ................................................................... 18

3.1.3. Vacancies by Region ................................................................. 19

3.2. Placements ........................................................................................... 19

3.2.1. Placements by Sector ............................................................... 20

3.2.2. Placements by Skills .................................................................. 20

3.2.3. Placements by Age ................................................................... 21

3.2.4. Placements by Ethnicity ............................................................ 22

3.2.5. Placements by Gender .............................................................. 22

3.2.6. Placements by Region .............................................................. 23

4. Vocational Training .......................................................................................... 24

4.1. Training by Skills ................................................................................... 24

4.2. Training by Age ..................................................................................... 25

4.3. Training by Ethnicity .............................................................................. 25

4.4. Training by Gender ................................................................................ 25

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4.5. Training by Region ................................................................................ 26

5. Résumé ............................................................................................................. 27

6. References ......................................................................................................... 28

7. ANNEX ............................................................................................................. 29

7.1. Definitions and Terminology ........................................................................ 29

7.1.1. Abbreviations ..................................................................................... 29

7.1.2. Definitions ........................................................................................... 30

7.1.3. ISCED Details ..................................................................................... 32

7.2. Unemployment Overview ............................................................................... 33

7.2.1. Unemployment Research ............................................................ 33

7.2.2. Municipal Unemployment ............................................................ 33

7.3. Employment Service Performance ............................................................... 34

7.4. Labour Demand ........................................................................................ 37

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MAP OF KOSOVO

Department of Labour and Employment

Employment Offices

Vocational Training Centres in Kosovo

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8


Executive Summary

In total 332775 persons registered as unemployed with the Kosovan public employment

services until the end of 06/2007 – representing a 12 months increase of 2,9%.

About 90% of the registered unemployed are long-term unemployed.

46,7% of the registered unemployed are women. The number of female registrations increas-

ed by 3,2% over the last 12 months. Male registrations increased by about 2,7%.

59,6% of the registered unemployed refer to the educational level “unskilled”. The unemploy-

ed out of this skill group face an 12-months increase rate of 3,4%.

With 13,5% the highest increase rate in registrations refers to unemployed with a university

degree. At the same time unemployed on this skills level realise the highest inflow and

outflow rates, indicating the highest dynamics of labour demand and supply – resulting in the

lowest share of long term unemployment, which is 58% on a calculative average.

Compared to further age groups, the youngest unemployed (15-24) face the highest inflow

rate and an under proportional outflow rate - resulting the highest increase in registrations,

which in 06/2007 was 3,6% cumulated over 12 months.

The inclusion of minorities to employment services offered by DLE shows ambivalent results:

Registered minorities still realize a higher average monthly inflow rate (1,2%) respectively

acceptance, than Kosovo-Albanians (0,7%). Regarding the outflow of unemployed minorities,

for the first time the outcome is under proportional.

20,5% of all registered unemployed refer to the employment offices in the region of Prishtinë/

Priština and 19,1% refer to the region of Mitrovicë/Mitrovica.

While the 12 months cumulated number of registered unemployed increased by about 1,3%

in the region of Mitrovica, the offices in the regions of Gjakova and Prizren faced an increase

of 4,1%.

On the average, one employment officer has to care for 1802 registered unemployed, what is

12 times more, than on the European average. With 1156 unemployed per officer, the

employment offices in the region of Gjilan/Gnjilane face the most comfortable situation, while

the officers in Mitrovicë/Mitrovica suffer from the far worst unemployment-to-staff ratio of

2428-to-1 in 6/2007.

Cumulated over the last 12 months until 06/2007, the Kosovan employment services acquired

7408 vacancies, representing a vacancy-registration rate of 2,3% - and a decrease in

vacancies offered by about 18% compared to the 12-months results at 06/2006.

Statistically every month more than 526 unemployed have to compete for 1 vacancy offered.

While about 30 unemployed with a university degree compete for 1 vacancy on the monthly

average, statistically this relation is about 909-to-1 for “unskilled” unemployed.

63% (+3) of the vacancies offered referred to private sector - and 37% to the public sector.

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About 62% of all vacancies referred to the tertiary sector (services). The secondary sector

(production) increased its share on all vacancies offered from 23% to about 30%.

Within the last 12 months until 06/2007, the public employment services mediated 6265 un-

employed into new jobs, representing a placement rate of 1,9%. Compared to the 12-months

results at 06/2006, the placements decreased by about 16%.

The private sector economy increased its share on all placements from 59% to 71%. Regar-

ding the 12-months cumulated placements in absolute figures, the private sector increased by

about 1,2% - while the public sector showed a decrease of 41%.

62% of the 12-months cumulated placements until 06/2007 referred to the tertiary sector. The

secondary sector (production) could again increase its share from 25% to 27%.

The share of male unemployed placed in new jobs increased from 74% to 72% – represen-

ting a placement rate of 2,6%. At the same time the female share on all placements increased

from 26% to about 28%, representing a placement rate of 1,1%.

With a 12-months placement rate of 16,1%, unemployed with a university degree still face the

most comfortable situation in comparison to unemployed on further skills levels. The “un-

skilled” unemployed reached a (decreasing) placement rate of 1,3%.

While “unskilled” female unemployed reached a placement rate 0,4%, it was 2,4% for

“unskilled” male.

The placements are negative correlated to the age: The elder the age group, the lower the

placement rate. The youngest unemployed (15-24) reached the highest 12-months placement

rate of 2,4% in 06/2007 – however, decreasing from 3,5% in 06/2006.

Regarding the different ethnicities, the placement rate of registered Kosovan minorities is

about 1,7%. Registered Albanians reached a placement rate of 1,9%.

Cumulated over the last 12 months, 3116 registered unemployed entered a vocational trai-

ning until 06/2007, representing an activation rate of less than 1%. Compared to the 12

months results at 06/2006, the training capacities (again) decreased by almost 14%.

The activation rate of female unemployed decreased from about 0,9% in 06/2005 to 0,8% in

06/2006. The activation rate of male unemployed decreased from 1,6% to 1,4%.

Although decreasing from 2,3% in 06/2006, unemployed in the age of 15-24 years again

reached the highest activation rate (1,5%) and the highest proportion (46%) regarding the 12-

months cumulated number of training participants until 06/2007.

Unemployed on the three upper skills levels again realize activation rates far above the Koso-

van average, while the activation rates of the three lower skills levels remain far below. Al-

though “unskilled” persons represent almost 60% of all unemployed – they only cover 25% of

the training capacities, respectively a 12-months activation rate of 0,4%. Unemployed on the

educational level “university” profit from the highest and only increasing activation rate (4,4%).

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1. Introduction

In continuation of previous years, this Performance Report addresses the issues of labour and

employment in Kosovo. Special attention is paid to the procedures and outcomes of active

employment promotion as carried out by the Department of Labour and Employment (DLE) of the

Kosovan Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW) - respectively its Employment Division

(ED) and its Vocational Training Division (VTD).

The report presents - as far as possible – the socio-demographical structure as well as the

development of the registered unemployment, the employment mediation and the vocational

training. Different from the annual report, the performance report 2006/2007 hardly refers to

external figures. The focus is set on the development of internal figures and internal performance

indicators - mainly by comparing the 12-months cumulated figures and developments in 06/2007

to the 12-months results at 06/2007!

The figures used in this report refer to data collections carried out by the statistical officers of the

Municipal Employment Offices (MEO) and the respective Regional Employment Centres (REC).

On account of this, the DLE developed data forms, covering registrations, vacancies, placements

and vocational training, as far as possible differentiated by gender, skills, age, ethnicity, region,

sector of activity, sector by owner etc. The DLE statistical officers proved, compiled and

processed the data in order to prepare monthly reports, which are the basis for both the annual

reporting and the herewith presented Performance Report 2006/2007.

The main objective of this report is to support the decision making process and the policy design

within the MLSW, particularly by the Minister and its advisors, the Permanent Secretary, the DLE

Director as well as the heads of the ED and the VTD. Further on it aims to provide transparent

information about the development of labour and employment in Kosovo to Kosovan and

international stakeholders as well as to the interested public, by

presenting and analysing the structure and facets of unemployment in Kosovo and it’s

regions in particular regarding the socio-demographical aspects gender, skills, age and

ethnicity.

analysing vacancies offered and placements realized, through the Kosovan employment

services, regarding the socio-demographical aspects as well as the structural aspects of the

demand side, such as the sectors by activity and by owner.

highlighting the structure of participants and the outcome of the vocational training as a

measure to enhance the employability of registered unemployed.

referring - wherever possible – the analysis to internationally accepted and comparable

indicators as defined by Eurostat, ILO or European “common practice”.

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Fig. 1: Increase Rates Registrations

2.86%

3.70%

6.30%

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007


Considering labour and employment - and its promotion - as a most serious topic regarding the

state of the Kosovan development as well as the welfare of the Kosovan people, don’t hesitate to

contact us on this issue.

2. Registered Unemployment

In total 332775 persons registered as unemployed with the

Kosovan public employment services until the end of 06/2007 –

representing an 12 months increase rate of 2,9% (fig. 1).

Regarding declining rates since 06/2005, the actual rate displays

an ongoing digressive tendency in the growth of unemployment.

Current results are mainly caused by a reduced inflow to un-

employment, which over-compensates a parallel declining outflow from unemployment, regarding

the 12-months cumulated development from 06/2006 to

06/2007 (compare table 1).

Although progress is partially visible (particularly regar-

ding the longer term tendencies since 06/2005), the over-

all tendency of the labour market is still determined by

relatively low inflow and outflow rates, indicating contin-

uously limited dynamics and

capacities of the Kosovan economy in terms of job-creation and the reintegration of unemployed

to employment. Long-term unemployment subsequently remains the core problem: With a

“calculative” proportion (see annex “definitions”) of about 84% long term unemployed in a best

case scenario and 90% on the average, current figures confirm the outcomes as shown in the

Labour and Employment Annual Report 2006 (see references).

2.1. Skills and Unemployment

Comparing the skills levels, with about 198 thousand persons, or almost 60%, the group of the

“unskilled” in 06/2007 again represents the highest proportion out of the total number of un-

employed. Similar to previous reporting periods, the “unskilled” unemployed also represent the

highest share and number of cumulated new registrations over the last 12 months (13882 per-

sons) – however, showing a decrease in the total number of new registrations by about -12%

compared to the 12-months results in 06/2006 (table 2).

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007

12-months Inflow 29471 31624 26323

IR monthly average 0,81% 0.83 % 0.67%

12 months Outflow 11537 20155 16970

OR monthly average 0,32% 0.53 % 0.43%

12 months Increase 6,3% 3,7% 2.9%

Table 1: Unemployment 06/2007

.Skills ISCED

RegisteredUnemployed

06/2007 %

12MonthsInflow

12MonthsOutflow

I R onmonthlyaverage

O R onmonthlyaverage

.Unskilled 0-2 198364 59.6% 13882 7411 0.59% 0.32%

.Semi-skilled 3 13911 4.2% 726 451 0.44% 0.27%

.Skilled 3a 29705 8.9% 1714 1238 0.48% 0.35%

.2nd. school 3c 85818 25.8% 8333 6458 0.82% 0.63%

.High school 4 2245 0.7% 547 617 1.99% 2.25%

.University 5a+ 2732 0.8% 1121 795 3.56% 2.52%

Table 2: Unemployment by Skills

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In both dimensions the “unskilled” are just followed by unemployed on the skills level “secondary

school”, representing nearly 26% of all registrations and 32% out of the new registrations –

showing as well a decrease in total figures, which is more than -25% compared to the 12 months

cumulated inflow in 06/2006.

Repeatedly there is no clear relation of skills

levels and the increase of unemployment: After

a long term decreasing tendency, the highest

increase rate again refers to unemployed with a

university degree (fig. 2). Nevertheless, the

higher educated unemployed, with a “higher

school” or “university” degree, continuously

realize both - far higher inflow rates (IR) and outflow rates (OR), than unemployed on the lower

skills levels (tab. 2): The figures for unemployed on the higher educated skills levels indicate a

relatively better situation regarding the labour market dynamics and a particularly much lower risk

to remain long-term unemployed. The calculative share of long-term unemployed out of all unem-

ployed with a university degree is 30% in a best case scenario and 58% on the average. Re-

garding the calculative proportion of long-term unemployment of all higher educated unemployed

(incl. the skills levels “higher school” and “university”) it is 38% in a best case and 66% on the

average (while it is, as shown above, 84% in a best case calculation and 90% on the average for

all registered unemployed in Kosovo).

2.2. Age and Unemployment

With the exception, that the youngest age group

continuously faces the highest increase rate in

registrations (fig. 3), different from previous re-

porting periods, there is no clear relation of age

and unemployment: Neither regarding the

inflow nor the outflow from unemployment (tab. 3).

Contrasting the general tendency, the unemployed in the

age of 40-54 years show a growing and over propor-

tional inflow to unemployment as well as an accordingly

growing increase rate in registrations (compare fig. 3

and DLE Performance Report 2005/2006). At the same

time, as the only age group, unemployed in the age of 55-64 years again profit from a positive

outflow-inflow relation and a subsequently decreasing number of registrations (see tab. 3, fig. 3).

2.3. Ethnicity and Unemployment

Considereing the current state of the Kosovan labour administration, a presentation of registra-

tions by ethnicity, with first priority aims at comparatively regarding the developments concerning

the access of minorities to the Kosovan public employment services.

AgeTotal

Registered06/2007

12MonthsInflow

12MonthsOutflow



15-24 97249 8082 4660 0.70% 0.41%

25-39 146475 10905 7016 0.63% 0.40%

40-54 66421 5492 3356 0.70% 0.43%

55-64 22630 1844 1938 0.68% 0.71%

Table 3: Unemployment by AgeEthnicityRegistered

Unemployed06/2007 %

12MonthsInflow

12MonthsOutflow



.K-Albanians 303224 91.5 23278 15863 0.65% 0.44%

.K-Serbs 13063 3.7 1757 643 1.17% 0.43%

.All Minorities 29551 8.5 3045 1107 0.89% 0.32%

Table 4: Unemployment by Ethnicity

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Fig. 3: 12 Months Increase Rate

3.6%

2.7%3.3%

-0.4%

15-24 25-39 40-54 55-64

Fig. 2: Increase registration by skills

Un-skilled 3.4%

semi-skilled 2.0%

skilled 1.6%

2nd. school 2.2%

high school -3.0%

uni 13.5%


The 12-months increase rate in registrations continuously displays higher results for registered

minorities (7%), than for registered Kosovo-Albanians (2,5% - fig. 4). In addition the Kosovan

minorities still reach significantly higher results regarding the average monthly inflow rates over a

12-months period until 06/2007 (see table 2).

Different from former reporting periods, the 12-months cumulated

outflow from unemployment for the first time shows lower results

for Kosovo-Albanians than for Kosovan minorities (however

showing almost equal results for Kosovo-Albanians and Kosovo-

Serbs – see table 4).

On the one hand higher inflow and increase rates in this case positively indicate continuing

progress in the inclusion of minorities as far it concerns the access to services offered by the

Kosovan public employment

offices. Lower and over

proportionally declining outflow

rates on the other hand indi-

cate comparatively worse

conditions respectively

chances for Kosovan minorities

on the labour market in general

(particularly as far it concerns

non-Serb minorities).

2.4. Gender and

Unemployment

In total the current stock of

registrations until 06/2007

consists of 155290 female and

177485 male unemployed. The

number of female registrations

increased by 3,2% over the last 12 months. During the same time the number of registered male

unemployed under proportionally increased by about 2,7%. With 0,5 percentage points the total

gender gap in the increase rates is significantly lower than in 06/2006 (2,1). Due to a continuously

higher relative and total increase of female registrations, the share of female unemployed in

06/2007 reached a level of now 46,7% out of the current number of registered unemployed in

Kosovo (see table 5).

Similar to 06/2006, in 06/2007 female unemployed face a lower and decreasing average monthly

inflow rate (0,6%) than male unemployed (0,73%).

Regarding the outflow, female unemployed under proportionally suffer from the general decline in

the 12-months cumulated outflow in 06/2007. Nevertheless, the female monthly-average outflow

rate still remains significantly (0,34%) below the outcome for male unemployed (0,51%).

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007

Female Male Female Male Female Male

12 Months Inflow 14191 15280 13160 18464 10972 15351

IR monthly average 0,85% 0,77% 0,74% 0.90% 0.60% 0.73%

12 Months Outflow 4273 7264 6584 13571 6224 10746

OR monthly average 0,26% 0,37% 0.37% 0.66% 0.34% 0.51%

12 Months Increase 9918 8016 6576 4893 4748 4605

12 Months Increase rate 7,4% 5,5% 4,6% 2,5% 3.2% 2.7%

Unemployed 143987 168690 150542 172880 155290 177485

Proportion 46,1% 53,9% 46.5% 53.5% 46.7% 53.3%

12 Months Increase unskilled 8,5% 6,9% 4,9% 1.40% 3.7% 2.9%

Registered “unskilled” 101933 83834 106897 84996 110885 87479

Proportion “unskilled” 54,9% 45,1% 55.7 44.3 55.9% 44.1%

12 Months Increase 15-24 9,8% 10% 6.6 7,4% 3.2% 4.0%

Registered 15-24 42407 45333 45194 48663 46652 50597

Proportion 15-24 48,3% 51,7% 48.2% 51.8% 47.9% 52.0%

Table 5: Unemployment by Gender

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Fig. 4: 12 Months Increase Rate by Ethnicity

All. Min. 7.0%

Serbs 9.3%

Alb. 2.5%

Fig. 6: 12 Months Increase Rate by Region 06/2007

FerizajUroševac

2.5%

GjakovëGjakovica

4.1%Gjilan

Gnjilane 2.2%

MitrovicëMitrovica

1.3%

PejëPec 3.1%

PrishtinëPriština

3.2%

Prizren

4.1%

Fig. 6a: 12 Months Increase Rate by Region 06/2006

FerizajUroševac

6.3%Gjakovë

Gjakovica 3.8%

GjilanGnjilane 7.8% Mitrovicë

Mitrovica 2.7% Pejë

Pec

-0.4%

PrishtinëPriština 2.7%

PrizrenPrizren 4.7%


Looking for a relation of gender divergences to the “risk” groups of young (15-24) and “unskilled”

unemployed reveals ambivalent results: In 06/2007 the female unemployed in the age of 15-24

face a 12-months increase rate in registrations (3,2%), which is equal to female unemployed of

other age groups. Nevertheless they realize a lower increase in comparison to the male

unemployed of the same age (4%).

Regarding the skills levels, in 06/2006 the female share out of the “unskilled” unemployed

reached almost 56%. The 12-months increase rate in registrations is higher for “unskilled” female

(3,7%) than for “unskilled” male unemployed (2,9%) – and, although significantly decreasing as

well, with 0,8 percentage points, the total gender gap in the increase rates within this skills group

remains above the average (0,5). However, different from “unskilled” male, “unskilled” female

unemployed profit from a declining increase rate in registrations (compare table 5).

2.5. Regional Developments

Not unexpected also in 06/2007 the

employment offices in the region of

Prishtina face the highest stock in the

current number of registered unem-

ployed (68066), just followed by the

region of Mitrovica (63486 – tab. 6).

Compared to previous reporting peri-

ods, regional divergences particularly

regarding the increase rate in regis-

trations significantly declined (from up

to 8,2 percentage points down to 2.8

percentage points difference between

highest and lowest regional increase

rates - see fig. 6, 6a and tab. 6). While

the region of Mitrovica in 06/2007 re-

ports the lowest increase in registrati-

ons over the last 12 months (1,3%), the regions of Gjakove and Prizren show the highest 12-

months increase rate in registrations (4,1%). (fig. 6).

Remarkably changing results are reported from the region of Gjilan, where the increase in

registrations could be reduced from 7,8% down to 2,2% over a 12 months period until 06/2007.

Despite facing the still highest inflow

rate, the respective employment offices

realised the far highest (and highest in-

creasing) relative outflow from unem-

ployment (outflow rate – see tab. 6).

Mainly based on declining inflow to un-

employment a further significant reduc-

Regions Inflow Rate (IR) % Outflow Rate (OR) % Totalregistered

unemployed06/2007monthlyaverage

12-monthscumulative

monthlyaverage

12-monthscumulative

.Ferizaj/Uroševac 0,65% 7,86% 0,45% 5.4 34629

.Gjakovë/Gjakovica 0,57% 6,86% 0,24% 2.8 38615

.Gjilan/Gnjilane 1,06% 12,77% 0,88% 10.6 35398

.Mitrovicë/Mitrovica 0,46% 5,55% 0,35% 4.2 63486

.Pejë/Peć 0,53% 6,35% 0,27% 3.3 37929

.Prishtinë/Priština 0,68% 8,13% 0,42% 5.0 68066

.Prizren/Prizren 0,82% 9,84% 0,48% 5.8 54652

06/2006.Ferizaj/Uroševac 0.92 11.00 0.41 4.93 33779

.Gjakovë/Gjakovica 0.61 7.30 0.30 3.54 37091

.Gjilan/Gnjilane 1.10 13.19 0.47 5.69 34635

.Mitrovicë/Mitrovica 0.72 8.69 0.50 6.04 62663

.Pejë/Peć 0.54 6.52 0.58 6.91 36787

.Prishtinë/Priština 0.83 9.92 0.60 7.24 65985

.Prizren/Prizren 1.08 12.92 0.70 8.36 52482

06/2005.Ferizaj/Uroševac 0,80 9,6 0,26 3,2 31850.Gjakovë/Gjakovica 0,71 8,5 0,09 1,1 36074.Gjilan/Gnjilane 0,94 11,3 0,42 5,1 32140.Mitrovicë/Mitrovica 0,70 8,4 0,23 2,8 61053.Pejë/Peć 0,58 6,9 0,23 2,8 37119.Prishtinë/Priština 0,79 9,5 0,60 7,2 64238.Prizren/Prizren 1,15 13,8 0,24 2,9 50203

Table 6: Inflow/Outflow Rates / Registrations 06/2007 - 06/2006 – 06/2005

15


tion in the increase rate of registrations could be realised in the region of Ferizaj (tab. 6, fig. 6,

6a).

Different from the regions of Gjilan and Ferizaj all other Kosovan employment offices and regions

in 06/2007 realised a lower 12 months cumulated outflow from unemployment than in 06/2006.

The lowest average monthly and 12 months cumulated outflow rate is repeatedly reported from

the region of Gjakova (compare table 6).

2.6. Unemployment-Staff Ratio / Regional Capacities

In order to support an appropriate performance indication, the analysis should take into account

different regional capacities: In total 182 regional employment officers (without support staff) had

to care for about 328 thousand registered unemployed on the 12-months average, resulting in an

unemployment-staff ratio of 1802:1 (increasing from 1601:1 - table 7). According to these figures

in 06/2007 the operational staff of the employment services decreased by about 9% and the

unemployment-staff ratio increased by almost 13%.

Like in 06/2006, the employment offices in the region of Mitrovica continuously suffer from the

worst unemployment-staff ratio (2428:1), again followed by the region of Prizren (2232:1). In

contrast to that, the employment offices in the

region of Gjilan faced the lowest average

unemployment-staff-ratio (1156:1) over 12

months until 06/2007, followed by the region of

Prishtina (1600:1).

As a common experience, a high capacity eff-

ord caused by a combination of a relatively

higher unemployment-staff and inflow-staff ra-

tio, should result in a relatively lower outflow-

to-staff relation and vice versa. However, according to differences concerning the administrative

performance and workflow procedures, the actual outcome may verify this partially: Regarding

the relatively high outflow-staff per-

formance of the employment offices in

the region of Gjilan, the respective re-

sults are (positively) corresponding to its

comparably low unemployment-staff ratio

- and an inflow-staff relation, which is

near to the Kosovan average. Slightly

contrasting, the employment officers in

the region of Prizren suffer from a far ov-

er proportional unemployment-staff ratio

and the far worst inflow-staff relation, but

are still realising the highest outflow-to-

staff performance (tab. 7, fig. 8).

Despite both – a relatively low unem-

ployment staff ratio and an under proportional inflow-staff relation, different from above shown ex-

Regions 06/2007

12-monthsaverage reg.Unemployed

Unemploymentto-StaffRatio

Inflow-to-StaffRatio

Outflow-to-StaffRatio

Ferizaj/Uroševac 34073 1793:1 141:1 96:1

Gjakovë/Gjakovica 37864 1803:1 124:1 51:1

Gjilan/Gnjilane 34680 1156:1 148:1 122:1

Mitrovicë/Mitrovica 63124 2428:1 135:1 103:1

Pejë/Peć 37434 1872:1 119:1 62:1

Prishtinë/Priština 67185 1600:1 130:1 81:1

Prizren/Prizren 53577 2232:1 220:1 129:1

ALL 327937 1802:1 145:1 93:1

Table 7: Unemployment-Staff Ratio

16

Fig. 7. 12 Months Outflow-Staff Ratio 06/2006

Kosovan Average

101

P rizrenP rizren

173

P rishtinëP riština

89

P ejëP eć116

M itrovicëM itrovica

130Gjilan

Gnjilane 59

GjakovëGjakovica

68

FerizajUroševac

85

Fig. 8. 12 Months Outflow-Staff Ratio 06/2007

FerizajUroševac

96Gjakovë

Gjakovica 51

GjilanGnjilane

122MitrovicëMitrovica

103 PejëPeć 62

PrishtinëPriština

81

PrizrenPrizren

129 KosovanAverage

93

Registration

Counselling

Matching Procedure

Training

Unemployed Employer

Vacancy

No success Success

Placement

EmploymentServices

Advice

Information

Incentives


amples, the employment officers in the region of Prishtina only realise an under proportional and

decreasing outflow-to-staff performance. Facing an unemployment-staff ratio near to the Kosovan

average and profiting from the lowest inflow-staff pressure, the worst outflow-to staff performance

over 12 moths until 06/2007 is reported from the regions of Peja and Gjakova (fig. 7, 8, tab. 7).

As usual these results may indicate different economical developments within the regions as well

as different regional priorities, regarding employment promotion support activities implemented

on the central level of DLE. Nevertheless they probably also reveal significant disparities regar-

ding the performance of administrative procedures. Nevertheless it should not remain

unmentioned, that the Kosovan unemployment-staff ratio is 12-times higher, than on the

European average – and that, despite this, the Kosovan employment services face an ongoing

reduction of staff (which is said to be caused by according requests of the IMF).

3. Employment Mediation

Regarding the general procedures

of the public employment services,

the main task is to register unem-

ployed in order to reintegrate them

to employment: After the registration, this means to

advice the unemployed in terms of their future em-

ployment and / or career development. If necessary

a vocational training is switched between to update

required skills.

The next step refers to the employers: The objective to lead unemployed to employment is based

on the successful acquisition of vacancies - as well as to properly match unemployed – as the

personnel offered – with the demand reported. This procedure usually is called employment-

mediation: Contact employers, acquire vacancies (demand), place jobseekers (offer). As far as

possible, the outcome of this procedure will be illustrated in the following chapter.

3. 1. Vacancies

Until 06/2007 the Kosovan public employment services

acquired 7408 vacancies cumulated over the last 12 months.

Compared to the results in 06/2006 these figures represent a

decrease of 18% (while compared to 06/2005 there is still an

increase of about 5%). Referring to the number of persons

who registered as unemployed, the number of vacancies

acquired, results in a vacancy-registration-rate (VRR) of

nearly 2,3% in 06/2007 – decreasing from about 2,8% in 06/2006 (fig. 10).

17

Fig. 10: 12 months cumulated vacancies 06/2007

7086

9044

7408

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007

Fig. 11. 12 Months cumulated vacancies by sector

6% 9% 8.3%

17%23% 29.6%

77%68% 62.1%

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007

PrimarySecondary Tertiary


In other words, within a 12 months period, there was 1 vacancy available for about 44 unem-

ployed (while it was 1 vacancy for 35 unemployed in 06/2006). Considering a (more realistic)

monthly average gives a more drastic impression on the current situation: Statistically every

month more than 526 unemployed have to compete for 1 vacancy offered – increasing from a

monthly average of about 416:1 in 06/2006 (compare DLE Performance Report 2005/2006).

3.1.1. Vacancies by Sector

Regarding the classical classification of the economical

sectors, most vacancies offered over the last 12 months until

06/2007 again referred to the tertiary sector (services, 62%),

followed by the secondary sector (production, 30%) and the

primary sector (agriculture, 8%). In comparison to the 12-

months results in 06/2006, the secondary sector showed an

increasing share on all vacancies reported, while particularly

the share on all vacancies out of the tertiary

sector again significantly decreased (fig. 11).

Compared to 06/2006 in 06/2007 only the

secondary sector realized a growing labour de-

mand also in absolute figures (+4,2%).

Following the general tendency a look on the

sectors “by owner” not unexpected reveals a

decline in both public (-24%) and private sector

demand (-9%). As the 12 months cumulated

private sector demand decreased under

proportionally, in 06/2007 there is a growing share of private sector vacancies compared to the

share of vacancies referring to the public sector. The proportional share of the private sector

demand grew from 60% up to 63%, while the public sector demand accordingly decreased from

40% to 37% (fig. 12).

3.1.2. Vacancies by Skills

Representing still 35% of the total demand, similar to previous time periods, the highest number

of vacancies offered (labour demand) over the last 12 months until 06/2007 referred to unem-

ployed on the skills-level “secondary school” - just followed – with a share of 34% on all vacan-

cies - by the skills-level “unskilled”. However, the total number of vacancies addressed to these

skills groups tremendously decreased by far more than 20% compared to the 12 months results

in 06/2006 (tab. 8).

An increasing demand is re-

ported for the skills levels

“semi-skilled”, “skilled” and

“university”. The far over pro-

portional decrease referring

to the skills level “higher

school” most probably is caused by administrative changes in the educational system, “pushing”

Skills

ISCED Prop.

cumulated Change VRR VRR VRR

06/2007 12-Months to 06/2006 06/05 06/06 06/07

Unskilled 0-2 34% 2527 -22.5% 1,1% 1.7% 1.3%

semi-skilled 3 5% 382 4.9% 1,4% 2.7% 2.8%

Skilled 3a 9% 697 49.3% 1,5% 1.6% 2.4%

2nd. school 3c 35% 2563 -27.2% 3,3% 4.2% 3.0%

high school 4 2% 173 -61.5% 43,1% 19.4% 7.7%

University 5a+ 14% 1066 8.4% 41% 40.9% 40.6%

Table 8: Vacancy Registration Rate by skills levels

18

Fig. 12: 12 -Months cumulated vacancies by Owner

58%Public4145

40%Public3630

37%Public2772

42%Private

2941

60%Private

511463%

Private4636

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007

Fig. 13: 12-Months VRR

by Skills 06/2007

un-skilled 1.3%

semi-skilled2.8%

skilled 2.4%

2nd. school 3.0%

highschool7.7%

uni40.6%


a major part of the former “higher school” unemployed – and according vacancies – to “university”

level.

To gain a more realistic impression on the relation of

skills and labour demand, affords to have a look on the

vacancy-registration rate (VRR) - by referring the vacan-

cies offered to the share of each skills level out of the

total number of registered unemployed:

Although facing declining results, the higher educated un-

employed still realize a 12-months vacancy-registration rate (VRR) far above all other skills

levels. The lowest VRR of 1,3% refers to “unskilled” unemployed (compare fig. 13). While about

30 unemployed with a university degree and about 158 unemployed on the skills level “higher

school” compete for 1 vacancy offered on the monthly average, statistically this relation is about

400-to-1 for the skills level “secondary school” – and more than 909-to-1 for “unskilled”

unemployed. In other words the outcome confirms: “Higher skills – more jobs!”

3.1.3. Vacancies by Region

Following the general tendency, -

most regions faced a decrease in the

cumulated number of vacancies

acquired over the last 12 months

until 06/2007. The highest decrease

compared to the 12-month results in 06/2006 refers to the employment offices in the region of Fe-

rizaj. The highest increase was realised in the region of Gjakova (see table 9).

Taking into account the proportional relation of vacancies and unemployed within the regions, the

employment offices in the region of Gjilan realized the highest 12-months cumulated vacancy-

registration rate (VRR 3,4%). In con-

trast to that, the unemployed in the

region of Mitrovica suffered from the

worst situation concerning the VRR in

06/2007 (VRR 1,5% - see fig 14):

While on the monthly average statis-

tically about 357 unemployed compete

for 1 vacancy in Gjilan, this relation is

833-to-1 in Mitrovica.

Considering different service capa-

cities in terms of staff within the regi-

ons, the highest 12-months acquisiti-

on-staff ratio (ASR) was again reach-

ed in the region of Prizren (65:1).

Apart from this the regional ASRs

reveal an obvious decline in regional

Regionscumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/2006

ASR 5/05

VRR 05/05

ASR 06/06

VRR 06/06

ASR 06/07

VRR 06/07

Ferizaj 675 -53.2% 38:1 2,6% 76:1 4.3% 36:1 2.0%

Gjakova 758 3.0% 48:1 2,5% 39:1 2.0% 36:1 2.0%

Gjilan 1177 -2.7% 28:1 2,7% 38:1 3.5% 39:1 3.4%

Mitrovica 926 -24.7% 38:1 1,9% 42:1 2.0% 36:1 1.5%

Peje 714 -22.1% 26:1 1,5% 42:1 2.5% 36:1 1.9%

Prishtine 1596 1.5% 26:1 2,1% 30:1 2.4% 38:1 2.4%

Prizren 1562 -19.3% 56:1 3,3% 77:1 3.7% 65:1 2.9%

Table 9: Vacancies by Region

19

Fig. 14: 12-Months VRR by Regions

PrizrenPrizren 2.9%Prishtinë

Priština2.4%

PejëPeć 1.9%

MitrovicëMitrovica

1.5%

GjilanGnjilane

3.4%

GjakovëGjakovica

2.0%

FerizajUroševac

2.0%

Fig. 15: 12-Months ASR by Regions

FerizajUroševac

36

GjakovëGjakovica

36

GjilanGnjilane

39

MitrovicëMitrovica

36

PejëPeć 36

PrishtinëPriština

38

PrizrenPrizren

65

Fig. 17: 12 Months cumulated placements by sector

8% 11% 11 %

16%25% 27%

76%64% 62%

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007

PrimarySecondary Tertiary

Fig. 16: 12-Months Cumulated Placement

5285

7486

6265

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007


disparities regarding the individual acquisition performance of the

regional employment officers (see figure 15 and table 9) – what

most likely is based on harmonised pro-active procedures.

3.2. Placements

In addition to the outflow (which consists of mediated place-

ments and deregistration for further reasons), the placements

may be regarded as most important for a performance

evaluation of the activities implemented by the Kosovan public

employment services. They represent a direct revisable indicator concerning its main objective:

Leading unemployed to employment.

During a time period of 12 months until 06/2007, the Kosovan employment offices realized 6265

placements of unemployed persons into new jobs. Compared to the 12-months results reached in

06/2006, this is a decrease of more than 16%. Referring the job-placements to the average

number of registered unemployed during that time, accordingly results in a 12-months placement

rate (PR) of about 1,9% - declining from 2,3% in 06/2006 (see table 10 and fig. 16).

Referring to the 12 months cumulated number of vacancies acquired until 06/2007, the number of

placements reported, results in an average placement-vacancy-rate (PVR) of 85%, while it was

83% in 06/2006 (tab 10):

As far this concerns the matching performance of the respective employment offices (and

officers), the results of the PVR in general seem to indicate a stabilisation of matching proce-

dures. However, slightly increasing rates of the PVR are mainly technically caused by an

over proportional decline of vacancies in relation to the development of realised placements.

3.2.1. Placements by Sector

Corresponding to the general development of vacancies

respectively labour demand, the tertiary sector keeps its

dominant position also in terms of placements. Nevertheless,

compared to the 12-months results reported in 06/2006 (and

06/2005), the tertiary sector in 06/2007 again shows a de-

crease in its share on all placements down to 62%.

While the proportion of the primary sector remained stable at

11%, the share on all placements referring to the secondary

sector further grew up to 27%. Both sectors now represent

38% of all placements within a 12-months period until 06/2007 (see fig. 17).

Regarding the sectors by owner shows a con-

tinuously growing share of placements referring

to the private sector, which over 12 months

absorbed 71% of all placements until 06/2007.

Correspondingly the share of all placements

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007

Placements 5285 7486 6265

Vacancies 7086 9044 7408

PVR 75% 83% 85%

PR 1,8% 2.3% 1.9%

Table 10: Placements / Vacancies

20

Fig. 18: 12-Month P lacement by Owner

Public 45% Public

41%Public29%

Private55%

Private59%

Private71%

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007


referring to the public sector at

the same time declined down

to 29% (compare fig. 18).

Comparing the results in

06/2006 and 06/2007 in

absolute figures, against the

general tendency the 12-

months cumulated number of

placements into the private sector economy slightly increased by about 1,2%. Different from that,

the 12 months cumulated public sector placements showed a tremendous decrease of about

41% (see Kosovo Labour Market Information 06/2006 and 06/2007, see references).

3.2.2. Placements by Skills

Near to the figures of previous reports, the highest number of placements over a 12 months pe-

riod until 06/2007 refers to unemployed on the skills level “secondary school” and to “unskilled”

unemployed. Nevertheless, unemployed on almost all skills levels face a decrease in the total

number of placements compared to the 12 months cumulated results in 06/2006. As the only

exception, unemployed with a university degree profit from increasing placements (tab. 11).

Also the proportional results of job placements by skills levels again confirm a direct relation of

skills and employment: The 12-months placement rate in 06/2007 is still far above the Kosovan

average of 1,9% for unemployed referring to the three higher skills levels – in particular for those

with an university degree – while it remains

below for unemployed with a lower education

(fig. 19).

Referring the placements realized to the va-

cancies reported reveals high and over pro-

portional results regarding the placement-va-

cancy rate (PVR) for the two biggest groups

of unemployed, referring to the skills levels

“unskilled” and “secondary school”. Contras-

ting that, unemployed with a higher education

(“higer school” and “university”) repeatedly

face an under proportional PVR:

On the one hand this tendency might partially

indicate further potential in future placements

as far it concerns the higher educated groups – but at the same time a still needed adjustment of

required skills, to achieve further possible mediations. While the Kosovan labour market in ge-

neral suffers from limitations in labour demand, the segment of higher skilled personnel seeming-

ly faces restrictions in labour supply (see also DLE Annual Report 2006, references).

Placements06/2007 ISCED

Total 12 Months

Change to 06/2006

PR06/05

PVR06/05

PR 06/06

PVR06/06

PR 06/07

PVR06/07

Unskilled 0-2 2484 -16.6% 1,0% 96% 1.55% 91% 1.25% 98%

Semi-skilled 3 173 -16.0% 0,9% 64% 1.51% 57% 1.24% 45%

Skilled 3a 396 -22.7% 1,4% 90% 1.75% 110% 1.33% 57%

2nd. school 3c 2677 -19.3% 2,9% 86% 3.95% 94% 3.12% 104%

High school 4 95 -5.0% 12,2% 28% 4.32% 22% 4.23% 55%

University 5a+ 440 18.9% 18,1% 44% 15.4% 38% 16.1% 41%

Tab. 11: Placement by Skills

21

Fig. 19: 12-Months P lacement Rate by Skills

Uni16.11%

High school4.23%

2nd. school3.12% Skilled

1.33%

Semi-skilled 1.24%

Un-skilled 1.25%

Fig. 20. PVR by Skills

Un-skilled98%

Semi-skilled45%

Skilled57%

2nd. school104%

High school

55% Uni 41%


3.2.3. Placements by Age

Concerning the age groups, the main aspect to remark is the

repeatedly realised reverse relation to the placement rates.

Confirming ongoing high affords in the implementation of the

priorities explicitly expressed by MLSW/DLE, the youngest un-

employed in the age of 15-24 again achieve the highest 12

months cumulated placement rate also in 06/2007 (fig.21).

However, reminding the high demographical pressure particularly on young unemployed – resul-

ting in highest inflow and increase rates in registrations (see chapter 2.2, tab.3, fig.3) - as well as

an over proportional decrease in placements compared to the 12 months results in 06/2006,

gives reason to further observe this issue: Taking into account the high share of placements on

the total outflow from unemployment demonstrates

the high need to extend the implementation of

active employment promotion and support in em-

ployment mediation addressed in particular to

unemployed in the age of 15-24 and 25-39 years

(compare table 12 and 3, see also DLE Annual

Report 2006).

3.2.4. Placements by Ethnicity

Corresponding to the high dominant proportion of Kosovo-Albani-

ans within the registered unemployed (tab. 4), not unexpected

also the highest 12-months cumulated number of placements in

06/2007 again refers to this group.

Regarding the relation of placements and registrations, the

Kosovo-Albanians realize a 12-months placement rate (PR) very slightly above the Kosovan

average of 1,9%.

Suffering from an over proportional decrease

in total placements compared to the 12

months results in 06/2006, the Kosovan

minorities - and in particular the Kosovo

Serbs - in 06/2007 for the first time face a

placement rate below the Kosovan average (fig. 22, table 13).

3.2.5. Placements by Gender

Placements by age

Total 12 Months

Change to 06/2006

PR06/05

PR 06/06

PR06/07

15-24 2328 -28.65% 2,1% 3.48% 2.39%

25-39 2826 -10.00% 1,8% 2.20% 1.93%

40-54 1011 4.88% 1,5% 1.50% 1.52%

55+ 100 -15.97% 0,6% 0.52% 0.44%

Tab. 12: Placement by Age

Placements 06/2007

Total 12 Months

12-monthsChange

PR06/2005

PR06/2006

PR06/2007

Albanians 5811 -14.2 1.7% 2.27% 1.92%

Minorities 272 -61.7 2.8% 2.02% 1.65%

Serbs 182 -54.7 3.7% 2.28% 1.39%

Tab. 13: Placement by Ethnicity

22

Fig. 22: 12-Months P lacement Rate by Ethnicity

Alb.1.92% Min.

1.65% Serb 1.39%

Fig. 21: 12-Months P lacement Rate by Age

2.39%1.93%

1.52%

0.44%

15-24 25-39 40-54 55+

Fig. 23: 12-Months PR by Regions

FerizajUroševac

2.1%Gjakovë

Gjakovica 1.5%

GjilanGnjilane

2.9%MitrovicëMitrovica

1.1%

PejëPeć 1.2%

PrishtinëPriština

1.9%

PrizrenPrizren 2.8%


Taking into account a female share out of all unemployed by nearly 47% and a female share on

all placements by about 28%, female unemployed obviously continuously face an under propor-

tional placement performance.

Nevertheless, different from the 12 months results

in 06/2006, in 06/2007 the gender gap decreased.

While in comparison to 06/2006 female unem-

ployed faced a decrease of -13% in the 12-months

cumulated number of placements until 06/2007,

the job placements referring to male unemployed

decreased by about -18% at the same time.

Subsequently the female share on all placements

grew from about 26% in 06/2006 to almost 28% in 06/2007. In addition the total gender gap in the

placement rates (PR) slightly declined from 1,9 down to 1,5 percentage points (tab 14).

Similar to previous reporting periods, a look on the “unemployment risk groups” by gender

reveals ambivalent results regarding the job-placements of young (15-24) and “unskilled”

unemployed:

While “unskilled” female unemployed still suffer from the far worst 12-months PR of about 0,4% -

remaining almost on the level of 06/2006 – the PR of “unskilled” male in 06/2007 decreased over

proportionally from 3% down to 2,35%, resulting in a still over proportional but declining total

gender gap of about 2 percentage points (see table 14).

Regarding the age groups, young female and young male unemployed faced a decreasing PR.

However, the PR is higher and the respective gender gap within this group is lower than on the

average (table 14).

3.2.6. Placements by Region

Regarding the development within the

Kosovan regions, in 06/2007 the high-

est number of placements cumulated

within a 12-months time period was

again realised by the employment off-

ices in region of Prizren (tab. 15).

A look on the placements relative to the share of each region on the total number of registered

unemployed, leads to a slight variation: The highest – and only increasing -12-months cumulated

placement rate (PR) in 06/2007 was realized by the employment offices in the region of Gjilan

(PR: 2,9%) – while the offices within the region of Prizren just followed almost on the same level

(PR: 2,8% - see tab. 15, fig. 23).

Different from the results reported from the re-

gion of Gjilan, all further regions faced a

Placements 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007

F M F M F M

Total 1466 3819 1977 5509 1727 4538

PR 1,1% 2,3% 1.3% 3.2% 1.1% 2.6%

Proportion 28% 72% 26.4% 73.6% 27.6% 72.4%

Increase -0,5% -23% 35% 44% -13% -18%

PR unskilled 0,4% 1,8% 0.4% 3.0% 0.39% 2.35%

PR 16-25 1,6% 2,6% 2.5% 4.6% 1.7% 3.0%

Tab. 14: Placement by Gender

Regions2007

cumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/06

PR 06/05

PSR 06/05

PR 06/06

PSR 06/06

PR 06/07

PSR 06/07

Ferizaj 724 -20.7% 2,1% 31:1 2.8% 48:1 2.1% 38:1

Gjakova 575 -27.9% 1,0% 20:1 2.2% 42:1 1.5% 27:1

Gjilan 998 26.6% 2,0% 21:1 2.5% 25:1 2.9% 33:1

Mitrovica 718 -23.9% 1,5% 30:1 1.5% 33:1 1.1% 28:1

Peje 466 -44.6% 0,9% 16:1 2.3% 38:1 1.2% 23:1

Prishtine 1302 -10.6% 1,8% 22:1 2.3% 27:1 1.9% 31:1

Prizren 1482 -15.1% 2,7% 46:1 3.4% 70:1 2.8% 62:1

Table 15: Placements by Region

23

Fig. 24: 12-Months PSR by Regions

FerizajUroševac

38GjakovëGjakovica

27

GjilanGnjilane33

MitrovicëMitrovica

28

PejëPec23

PrishtinëPriština

31

PrizrenPrizren 62


decrease in total placements and placement rates compared to the 12 months results in 06/2006

(table 15).

Facing a 12-months PR of 1,1%, unemployed in the region of Mitrovica repeatedly suffered from

the far lowest results concerning the realized placements in 06/2007 (fig. 23, table 15).

Taking into consideration once more different regional capacities in terms of staff, reveals

ongoing regional disparities in the placement performance:

In continuation since 06/2005, compared to the further regions, the employment officers in the

region of Prizren are most successful, realizing the far highest placement-staff ratio (PSR 62:1)

also in 06/2007. An increasing PSR in 06/2007 was achieves by the officers in the regions of

Gjilan and Prishtina. The far worst performance regarding the PSR is reported from the offices in

the region of Peja (PSR 23:1).

4. Vocational Training

Besides the Employment Division (ED), the DLE is also mana-

ging the Vocational Training Division (VTD). The objective of

this Division is to support the employability of registered unem-

ployed. To reach this, the VTD runs a network of 8 DLE-owned

regional vocational training centres. In addition the VTD co-ordi-

nates vocational training capacities of external allied training

institutions - as there are for example the Kolping Training Enterprises in Prizren (Germany) and

the Don Bosco Vocational Training Centre in Prishtina (Italy). Further partners in the field of em-

ployment promotion and training are IOM, ILO,

GTZ, UNDP, EAR and further more.

Cumulated over 12 months, 3116 unemployed

entered a vocational training until 06/2007.

Compared to the 12 months development at

06/2006 this is (again) a decrease of almost

14%.

Referring the 12-months cumulated number of training participants (entries) in 06/2007 to the

average number of registered unemployed at this time, results in a 12-months activation rate

(AR) of below 1% slightly decreasing from 1,1% in 06/2006 and 1,3% in 06/2005.

Regarding the share of graduates out of the 12 months cumulated number of participants in

06/2007, results in a graduation rate (GR) of about 84%, increasing from 83% 06/2006 – but still

24

Fig.25: 12-Months cumulated VT Participants

39593606

3116

06/2005 06/2006 06/2007


remaining below the GR of 87% in 06/2005 (compare Kosovo Labour Market Information, see

according chapters at DLE Performance Report 06/2005 and 06/2006).

4.1. Training by Skills

Concerning the different

skills-levels of the trained

unemployed, the figures

reported reveal an ongo-

ing polarization: Dispro-

portional to the existing

employability restrictions,

the three upper skill-groups again realize activation rates (AR) far above the Kosovan average,

while the activation rates of the three lower skill-groups continuously remain far below (table 16).

Different from further skills levels, only unemployed with a university degree achieved an increase

in the 12-months cumulated number of training participants and an increasing 12-months

activation rate (see tab. 16 and fig. 26).

Unemployed on the highest skills level profit from an

AR of 4,4%. Contrasting that, with an AR of 0,4% “un-

skilled” unemployed participate far under proportional

on existing training capacities: While within a 12

months period until 06/2007, 1 out of 23 unemployed

with a university degree entered a vocational training,

this relation was more than 10-times worse (1-to-250) for “unskilled” unemployed (fig. 26).

4.2. Training by Age

Regarding the vocational training

(VT) by age shows significantly

decreasing capacities of -31%

over 12 months until 06/2007 for

unemployed in the age 15-24 years. At the same time unem-

ployed referring to the age groups of 25-39 and 40-54 years

profit from an increasing VT participation (see table 17).

Despite above shown tendencies, the actual figures still con-

firm a clear priority given by the DLE to the youngest unem-

ployed. Referring the total number of VT participants by age

to the respective share on all unemployed continuously reveals a reverse relation of age-groups

and VT-participation: In other words, the youngest unemployed in 06/2007 again realise the

highest activation rate (AR), while - according to the low number of participants – the AR of the

eldest unemployed remains on an almost insignificant low level (see fig.27).

4.3. Training by Ethnicity

06/2007 ISCED12

MonthsIncreaseto 06/06

Prop Entries

AR 06/05

GR06/05

AR 06/06

GR 06/06

AR 06/07

GR 06/07

Unskilled 0-2 781 -0.1% 25% 0,3% 79% 0.4% 67% 0.4% 72%

Semi-skilled 3 39 -13.3% 1% 0,8% 69% 0.3% 91% 0.3% 141%

Skilled 3a 175 -46.2% 6% 2,2% 95% 1.1% 89% 0.6% 78%

2nd. school 3c 1943 -15.7% 62% 3,3% 86% 2.8% 87% 2.3% 87%

High school 4 58 -15.9% 2% 5,9% 100% 2.9% 65% 2.6% 74%

University 5a+ 120 51.9% 4% 3,6% 116% 3.4% 96% 4.4% 93%

Table 16: Vocational Training by Skills

Training

by agecumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/06

Prop Entries

AR 06/05

GR06/05

AR 06/06

GR 06/06

AR 06/07

GR 06/07

.15-24 1432 -31% 46% 2,8% 85% 2.3% 85% 1.47% 89%

.25-39 1361 5.1% 44% 1,0% 90% 0.9% 78% 0.93% 79%

.40-54 316 44% 9,8% 0,5% 97% 0.3% 85% 0.48% 78%

.55+ 7 0.2% 0,1% 0.0% 0.03%

Table 17: Vocational Training by Age

VT 06/2007

by ethnicitycumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/06

Prop Entries

AR 06/05

GR06/05

AR 06/06

GR 06/06

AR 06/07

GR 06/07

Albanians 3021 -10.0% 97% 1,3% 87% 1.15% 85% 1.01% 83%

Minorities 95 -61.7% 3% 1,5% 71% 0.89% 55% 0.33% 100%

Serbs 38 -55.8% 1% 1,7% 74% 0.75% 20% 0.30% 113%

Other 57 -64.8% 2% 1,3% 101% 1.04% 73% 0.35% 91%

Table 18: Vocational Training by Ethnicity

25

Fig. 26: 12-Months Activation Rate by Skills (%)

0.4%Un-

skilled

0.3%Semi- skilled

0.6%Skilled

2.3%2nd.

school

2.6%High

school

4.4%Uni

Fig.27: 12-Months Activation Rate by Age

1.47%

0.93%

0.48%

0.03%

15-24 25-39 40-54 55+


A look on the figures of vocational training by ethnicity, in 06/2007 reveals an over proportional

decrease in the 12-months cumulated number of VT participants for the Kosovo-Minorities.

Subsequently the according activation rates declined, remaining below those of unemployed

Kosovo-Albanians as well as below the Kosovan average (compare above, see tab 18, fig. 28).

Despite a successful extension of employment promotion activities to the northern Mitrovica

municipalities and further minority areas, in particular the VT participation of the Kosovo-Serbs

significantly decreased - down to a 12-months activation rate of 0,3% in 06/2007 (fig. 28).

4.4. Training by Gender

Assessing the 12-months cumulated figures of vocational

training (VT) by gender leads to an ambivalent outcome:

Following the general tendency, there is a decrease for both

male (-16%) and female (-8,6%) unemployed regarding the 12-

months VT capacities in 06/2007.

As the decrease in the number of training participants is under pro-

portional for female unemployed, the female 12-months activation

rate (AR) accordingly under proportionally declined in comparison to

the male activation rate. Therefore, despite a remaining disparity in

the inclusion of female and male unemployed to vocational training,

the gender gap decreased

(tab 19).

Regarding in addition the in-

clusion to vocational training

of the “unemployment-risk”

group of “unskilled” unem-

ployed by gender, reveals a

further problematic aspect.

The group of the “unskilled” female represent 71% of all female - and more than 33% of all

registered unemployed:

Accordingly even a growing share of this group on all training participants from 5% to 6,5% in

06/2007 indicates a very far disproportional inclusion to vocational training – particularly taking

into account the difficulties “unskilled” female are facing concerning their reintegration to the

labour market (see chapter “placements by gender”). In addition, different from the general

development of training by gender, the gender gap in the activation rates of “unskilled” female

and male unemployed in 06/2007 remained constant compared to 06/2006 (tab. 19).

4.5. Training by Region

Taking at last a look on the re-

gional development of vocatio-

nal training (VT), not unexpec-

ted confirms the overall de-

VT 06/2007

by gendercumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/06

Prop Entries

AR 06/05

GR06/05

AR 06/06

GR 06/06

AR 06/07

GR 06/07

Female 1092 -8.62% 35% 0,9% 94% 0.8% 69% 0.7% 94%

Male 2024 -16.05% 65% 1,6% 84% 1.4% 89% 1.1% 78%

All 3116 -13.59% 100% 1,3% 87% 1.1% 83% 0.9% 84%

Unskilled Fem. 201 4.15% 26% 0,2% 0.2% 61% 0.2% 93%

Unskilled Male 580 -1.53% 74% 0,4% 0.7% 69% 0.7% 66%

Table 19: Vocational Training by Gender

06/2007cumulated12-Months

Increaseto 06/06

Prop Entries

AR 06/05

GR06/05

AR 06/06

GR 06/06

AR 06/07

GR 06/07

Ferizaj 341 -19.76% 11% 1,4% 90% 1.3% 80% 1.0% 54%

Gjakova 470 -2.89% 15% 1,1% 104% 1.3% 64% 1.2% 73%

Gjilan 388 -3.00% 12% 1,2% 87% 1.2% 78% 1.1% 95%

Mitrovica 402 -43.22% 13% 1,7% 75% 1.1% 70% 0.6% 85%

Peje 407 -7.92% 13% 1,3% 91% 1.2% 72% 1.1% 73%

Prishtine 546 -11.51% 18% 0,8% 91% 0.9% 88% 0.8% 100%

Prizren 562 6.04% 18% 1,7% 89% 1.0% 126% 1.0% 94%

Table 20: Vocational Training by Region26

Fig. 28: 12-Months Activation Rate by Ethnicty1.01%

Alb

0.33%Min.

0.30%Serb

0.35%Other

Fig. 29: 12-Months Activation Rate by Gender

0.7%Fem.

1.1%Male 0.9%

All


creasing tendency of VT capacities: As an exception, only unemployed in the region of Prizren

profited from an increase in the 12 months cumulated VT capacities in 06/2007 and a constant

activation rate (AR) compared to 06/2006 (see table 20).

Despite showing decreasing results, the high-

est 12 months activation rate in 06/2007 was

again achieved in the region of Gjakova.

Contrasting that, unemployed in the region of

Mitrovica faced both - the highest decrease of

12 months cumulated VT capacities as well as

the far lowest activation rate (what might be seen as a reason for the as well lowest placement

rate – compare according chapter “placements by region” above, see also tab 20 and fig. 30).

The real situation of vocational training as a service to improve the employability of unemployed

in its quantitative dimension is still far from appropriate regarding an unemployment rate of about

40% (see DLE Annual Report 2006) - and remains – dissatisfying - on an extreme low level:

While within 12 months 83 unemployed face 1 free place for vocational training in the region of

Gjakova, this relation 105-to-1 on the Kosovan average - and 156-to-1 in the region of Mitrovica.

5. Résumé

The figures presented with this report, in particular as far this concerns the registered inflow,

outflow, vacancies and placements, are of course far from covering the whole “turnover” of the

Kosovan labour market. Nevertheless the amount of persons represented through these figures

is high enough to allow a limited extrapolation of general tendencies: Resuming the all-over si-

tuation of the Kosovan labour market, the extreme high long-term unemployment continuously

remains to be the major problem. However, despite discouraging decreases in the outflow from

unemployment as well as in the 12 months results of vacancies and placements, there are still

positive aspects worth to be mentioned: Particularly a closer look on the development of

vacancies and placements dismantles a decreasing outcome as mainly caused by limitations of

public sector and overlapping tertiary sector (services) demand. Contrasting that, both the private

sector as well as the secondary sector (production) still reveal a stable respectively (slightly)

increasing tendency. Cumulated over 12 months until 06/2007 71% of all placements and 63% of

the vacancies referred to the private sector economy.

As continuously repeated, regarding a further and significant economic progress, the role of the

Kosovan Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare is given it’s focus mainly on the creation of a non-

protective labour law and a supportive employment promotion law. In addition the Department of

Labour and Employment disposes various instruments of employment promotion, which might be

supportive for an economical transition – but are in general of limited pertinence to fundamentally

influence the economical situation in general.

27

Fig. 30: 12-Months Activation Rate by Regions

1.0%Ferizaj

Urosovac

1.2%Gjakovë

Djakovica

1.1%Gjilan

Gnjilane 0.6%MitrovicëMitrovica

1.1% PejëPec

0.8%PrishtinëPristina

1.0%PrizrenPrizren


Regarding the concrete performance of employment promotion, the current development leads to

ambivalent results: First to remark positively, is the again successful inclusion of minorities to the

services offered by DLE. A revisable indicator is the still over proportional inflow rate regarding

this target group. However, for the first time reached under proportional results concerning the

respective outflow and placement rate, require to carefully observe this issue.

A main point to mention is the constantly successful support given to young unemployed: As this

is the explicitly expressed priority of the DLE, unemployed in the age of 15-24 years again realize

the highest activation and placement rates. Bearing in mind contradictory results of outflow and

placements referring to this age group (lower outflow rates but higher placement rates for

younger age groups) underlines an ongoing and extended need for intensive counselling,

vocational training and employment mediation.

Considering an obvious relation of skills and employment it should not remain unmentioned, that

the group of the “unskilled” unemployed is facing both an under proportional activation rate and

an extreme low placement rate. Overcoming the disproportional inclusion of lower skilled unem-

ployed will be an inevitable duty for future activities of employment promotion. A look on em-

ployment promotion by gender in this context reveals particular need to intensify the support of

“unskilled” female unemployed, who – despite representing 1/3 of all unemployed – suffer from

almost insignificant activation and placement rates.

Finally it should not remain unmentioned, that all efforts of the DLE and the public employment

services are facing tremendous limitations by inappropriate staffing, resulting in an increasing

unemployment staff ratio (1802:1), which is now 12-times higher, than on the European average.

6. References

Euro Stat (2003): European Union Labour Force Survey, Methods and Definitions 2001, Luxembourg

ETF / Pirher, Sonja (2003): Development and Capacity Building in the field of Education and Labour Market Statistics, Torino

EU Kosovo (2007): Kosovo Economic Outlook 2007, Prishtina

GTZ / MCYS (2006): The Kosovo Youth Policy and Action Plan, Prishtina

ILO (1982): Resolution concerning statistics of the economically active popu-lation, employment, unemployment and underemployment, Geneva

ILO (2004): Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM), Geneva

ILO / MLSW-DLE (2006): Kosovo Youth Employment Action Plan

MLSW-DLE (2004): Labour and Employment 2003, Annual Report, Prishtina

MLSW-DLE (2005a): Labour and Employment 2004, Annual Report, Prishtina

MLSW-DLE (2005b): Labour and Employment – Kosovo – Performance Report 06/2005, Prishtina

MLSW-DLE (2006a): Labour and Employment 2005, Annual Report, Prishtina

MLSW-DLE (2006b): Labour and Employment – Kosovo – Employment Promotion Performance Report 2005/2006, Prishtina

28


MLSW-DLE (2007): Labour and Employment 2006, Annual Report, Prishtina

MLSW-DLE (2007b): Kosovo Labour Market Information (monthly), Prishtina

SOK (2006): Labour Force Survey (LFS) 2005, Prishtina

SOK (2007): Kosovo in Figures 2006

UNDP (2004): Human Development Report Kosovo 2004, Prishtina

Further sources are to find at:

Government of Kosovo www.ks-gov.net

Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare www.mpms-ks.org

Statistical Office Kosovo www.ks-gov.net/esk

International Labour Office www.ilo.org

UNDP in Kosovo http://www.kosovo.undp.org/

World Bank in Kosovo www.worldbank.org/kosovo

EU in Kosovo www.euinkosovo.org

OSCE in Kosovo www.osce.org/kosovo

Labour resources webpage www.lmps.edu.tc

7. ANNEX

7.1. Definitions and Terminology

7.1. 1. Abbreviations

DLE Department of Labour and Employment

ED Employment Division

ILO International Labour Organisation / International Labour Office

IOM International Organisation of Migration

MEO Municipal Employment Office

MLSW Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare

REC Regional Employment Centre

SOK Statistical Office Kosovo

UNDP United Nations Development Programme

VTC Vocational Training Centre

29

http://www.lmps.edu.tc/

http://www.osce.org/kosovo

http://www.euinkosovo.org/

http://www.worldbank.org/kosovo

http://www.kosovo.undp.org/

http://www.ilo.org/

http://www.ks-gov.net/esk

http://www.mpms-ks.org/

http://www.ks-gov.net/


VTD Vocational Training Division

ISCED International Standard Classification of Education

NACE International Standard Classification of Economic Activities

ASR Acquisition-Staff Ratio

AR Activation Rate

GR Graduation Rate

IR Inflow Rate

ISR Inflow-Staff Ratio

OR Outflow Rate

OSR Outflow-Staff Ratio

PR Placement Rate

PSR Placement-Staff Ratio

PVR Placement-Vacancy Rate

VRR Vacancy-Registration Rate

7.1.2. Definitions

In order to allow a suitable differentiation and interpretation concerning the outcome of this report, the used terminology and definitions are listed below:

All Chapters:

Age groups: 15-24, 25-39, 40-54, 55-64

ISCED: International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED 97 – see Annex)

Ethnical Groups:

Albanian, Serbian, Montenegrin, Ashkali, Roma, Turkish, Bosniak, and “Other”. For analyses purposes a shorter classification will also be used: Albanian, “all minorities”, Serbian, and “other minorities” (without Serbian).

Skills Levels (proprietary educational classification / old):

- Unskilled (ISCED 1 or 2): No school, not completed elementary school. - Semi-skilled (ISCED 3): Elementary school completed, 3-6 months in-service training.- Skilled (ISCED 3A): 2nd. School not completed, 3-6 months technical training.- Secondary school (ISCED 3C): 2nd. School completed, 4 years tech. gymnasium.- High School (ISCED 4): Not completed university, engineer graduation.- University (ISCED 5A or 6): completed faculty, graduates, post-graduates.

30


Chapter 2 (registered unemployment):

The (registered) Unemployed - refers to the persons who registered as unemployed.

The long-term Unemployed are persons, who are registered as unemployed for more than 12 months: this report refers to a calculative proportion of long-term unemployment, which is – under the condition [outflow<registrations] and [inflow<registrations] in a

The Unemployment-Staff Ratio refers the number of unemployed to the number of employment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff).

The Inflow Rate is the share of the average number of monthly newly registered unemployed (Inflow) out of the average number of registered unemployed during the year. In order to allow a better comparison this report partially refers to a 12 months cumulated rate.

The Outflow Rate (monthly) is the share of the average number of the monthly sum of placed and deleted (Outflow) former registered unemployed out of the average number of registered un-employed during the year. In order to allow a better comparison this report partially refers to a 12 months cumulated rate.

Outflow-to-Staff and the Inflow-to-Staff relation refers the outflow (the sum of placed and deleted persons) respectively the inflow (new registrations) to the quantity of employment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff).

The Deleted represent those persons as a part of the outflow, which will be removed from the classification “unemployed” apart from the reason “placement” - if the respective person

a) found a job by own affords b) is not available for working or job searching c) shows no further interest in the services of the employment offices d) exceeded working-age.

Chapter 3 (employment mediation):

The Vacancy-Registration Rate is the cumulated number of vacancies acquired by the em-ployment services during 12 month – in relation to the average number of registered unemployed within 12 month (it’s a derivate of the vacancy/unemployed ratio as the number of vacancies per registered unemployed persons).

The Acquisition-Staff Ratio refers the number of vacancies acquired to the number of employment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff).

The Placement Rate is the number of former unemployed mediated into new jobs (Placements) by the employment services within 12 monzh – in relation to the average number of unemployed (it’s a derivate of the placement ratio as the number of placements per registered unemployed persons).

The Placement-Staff Ratio refers the placements to the quantity of employment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff).

- best case = [unemployed-(inflow+outflow)]*100

unemployed

- worst case = [unemployed-(inflow-outflow)]*100 | under the condition of increasing registrations.

unemployed

- worst case = [unemployed-(outflow-inflow)]*100 | under the condition of decreasing registrations.

unemployed

31


The Placement-Vacancy Rate is the number of placements realized in relation to the number of vacancies acquired by the employment services during the year.

Sectors by Activity are orientated on International Standard Classification of economic activities, NACE (Rev. I), but still not fully compatible:

(A) Agriculture / Forestry (B) Fishing (C) Mining (D) Manufacturing (E) Electricity / Gas / Water (F) Construction (G) Trade (H) Hotel/Gastronomy ( I ) Transport / Communication (J / K) Finance / Real Estate etc. (M) Education (N) Health / Social Protection (O) Services (Q) NGO's / Organisations

Economical Sectors:

Primary Sector (NACE: A-B), Secondary Sector (C-F), Tertiary Sector (G-O,Q).

Sectors by Owner:

Public Sector: Governmental and governmental controlled institutions and enterprises.Private Sector: Private individuals, farms, businesses and companies.

Chapter 4 (vocational training):

The Activation Rate shows the share of persons starting a training (Activation) within 12 months out of the average number of registered unemployed during this time.

The Graduation Rate shows the share of persons graduating a training (Graduation) during the year out of the number of participants during the year.

7.1.3. ISCED Details – International Standard Classification of Education

ISCED 0: Pre-primary Education: The initial stage of organised instruction, primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment. Such programmes are school- or centre-based, for children aged at least 3 years.

ISCED 1: Primary Education: The beginning of systematic studies in reading, writing and

mathematics. Programmes are designed on a unit or project basis (often with one teacher for all

or most of the time) rather than on a subject basis (with different teachers for different subjects).

The entry age is 5 to 7 years.

ISCED 2: Lower Secondary Education: The beginning of subject based teaching - to complete

the provision of basic education which began in ISCED 1 and to lay the foundation for life-long

learning. The full implementation of basic skills occurs at this level. This stage is sub-divided:

o ISCED 2A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 3 in a sequence, which would ultimately lead to tertiary education.

o ISCED 2B programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 3C.

o ISCED 2C programmes are designed primarily for direct access to the labour market. To progress to ISCED 3 requires also complete ISCED 2A or 2B.

ISCED 3: (Upper) Secondary Education: Further specialisation compared to ISCED 2. This stage begins at the end of compulsory schooling. Entrance age is 15 or 16. Successful completion of ISCED 2 is required. This stage is further sub-divided:

o ISCED 3A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5A.

o ISCED 3B programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5B.

32


o ISCED 3C programmes do not lead directly to tertiary education. To progress to either ISCED 5A or 5B requires also complete ISCED 3A, 3B or 4A.

ISCED 4: Post-Secondary Non-Tertiary Education: Programmes, which straddle the boundary between upper secondary and post-secondary education. The content is not sufficient to be regarded as tertiary programmes. Mostly not significantly advanced than ISCED 3 - to broaden the knowledge of students who completed ISCED 3. Programmes to prepare for the entry to tertiary education. This stage is further sub-divided:

o ISCED 4A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5.

o ISCED 4B programmes are designed primarily for direct access to the labour market and do not give access to ISCED 5.

ISCED 5: First Stage of Tertiary Education: Programmes whose content is more advanced than ISCED 3. Entry to these programmes requires the successful completion of programmes at ISCED 3A, 3B or 4A. This stage is further sub-divided:

o ISCED 5A is largely theoretically based, intending to give access either to the advanced research programmes of ISCED 6 or to professions with high skills requirements (e.g. medical doctors). It may be necessary to take more than one qualification at ISCED 5A (e.g. a Bachelor’s and then a Master’s) before entering ISCED 6.

o ISCED 5B programmes focus on occupationally specific skills geared for direct access to the labour market. They are often shorter than programmes at ISCED 5A. Their theoretical content is usually insufficient to give access to advanced research programmes (without first completing a programme at ISCED 5A).

ISCED 6: Second Stage of Tertiary Education: Programmes, which lead to the award of an advanced, research qualification (usually doctorate level or beyond). The programmes are devoted to advanced study and original research and are not based on course-work alone.

7.2. Unemployment Overview

7.2.1. Unemployment Research

Source Reference Year Unemployment Rate

IOM 05/2000 DHS 2000 50 %

SOK 03/2004 LFS 2001 2001 57 %

UNDP 2002 KHDR 2001 50-55 %

SOK 03/2004 LFS 2002 2002 55 %

Riinvest 01/2003 LFS 2002 39-49 %

SOK 03/2004a DHS 2003 53 %

SOK 2005 LFS 2003 2003 50 %

UNDP 2004 KHDR / HDS 2003 2003 44 %

MLSW 03/2004* Annual Report 2003 43 %*

SOK 2005a LFS 2004 2004 40 %

MLSW 03/2005* Annual Report 2004 42 %*

MLSW 03/2006* Annual Report 2005 42-44 %*

SOK 2006 LFS 2005 2005 41%

MLSW 04/2007* Annual Report 2006 39-42 %*

Table 22: Unemployment Overview *Registered Unemployment Rate Source MLSW / DLE Annual Report 2006

Municipality Unemployment Rate Municipality Unemployment Rate

Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok 21.15 % Gjilan/Gnjilane 47.69 %

Zveçan/Zvecan 22.81 % Lipjan/Lipljan 48.91 %

Leposaviq/Leposavic 27.26 % Fushë Kosovë/Kosovo Polje 49.10 %

33


Rahovec/Orahovac 28.39 % Shtime/Štimlje 49.21 %

Prishtinë/Priština 30.26 % Mitrovicë/Mitrovica 51.62 %

Pejë/Pec 34.90 % Viti/Vitina 52.39 %

Prizren/Prizren 35.00 % Istog/Istok 54.93 %

Shtërpcë/Štrpce 35.59 % Podujeva/Podujevo 55.17 %

Malishevë/Mališevo 37.92 % Dragash/Dragaš 56.85 %

Suharekë/Suva Reka 41.89 % Obiliq/ Obilic 58.23 %

Ferizaj/Uroševac 41.90 % Gllogovc/Glogovac 64.06 %

Gjakovë/Ðakovica 42.26 % Deçan/Decani 64.72 %

Vushtrri/Vucitrn 42.95 % Klinë/Klina 67.20 %

Novobërdë/Novo Brdo 43.70 % Skenderaj/Srbica 67.39 %

Kaçanik/Kacanik 45.28 % Rural 48.62 %

Kamenicë/Kamenica 46.31 % Urban 39.97 %

Table 23: Unemployment Overview – Source UNDP Kosovo Human Development Report 2004 – UNDP 2004

7.2.2. Municipal Unemployment

Lacking capacities of SOK and MLSW still don’t allow implementing further reliable investigations

on the regional employment and unemployment situation. Differences in regional unemployment

rates are still best shown by the UNDP Human Development Survey published in the UNDP

Kosovo HDR 2004. Unemployment rates differ from 21 % to 67 %. A closer look on the

municipalities reveals, that those with a predominant Serb population profit from significant lower

rates. The UNDP Survey was based on questioning almost 6000 households with nearly 40000

family members. The Kosovan unemployment rate according to this survey was about 44%, what

remains near to the outcomes of MLSW-DLE.

7.3. Employment Service Performance

Regional and Municipal Performance Rates

Regions MunicipalitiesCurrent

Registered

Average

Registered

12 Months

PlacementsPlacement

RatePlacementStaff Ratio

12 MonthsOutflow

OutflowRate

OutflowStaff Ratio

Prishtinë 68066 67185 1302 1.91% 31:1 3384 4.97% 81:1

Prishtinë 23164 423 1.83%

Fushë-Kosovë 5545 235 4.24%

Gllogoc 11836 155 1.31%

Lipjan 10240 163 1.59%

Novobërdë 1018 106 10.41%

Obiliq 5121 88 1.72%

Podujevë 10406 124 1.19%

Graçanicë 689 0 0.00%

Bërnicë e Poshtme 47 8 17.02%

Prizren 54652 53577 1482 2.71% 62:1 3103 5.68% 129:1

Prizren 29113 659 2.26%

Rahovec 6882 499 7.25%

Suharekë 13030 199 1.53%

34


Dragash 5627 125 2.22%

Ferizaj 34629 34073 724 2.09% 38:1 1828 5.28% 96:1

Ferizaj 18972 481 2.54%

Kaçanik 8120 104 1.28%

Shtime 3643 103 2.83%

Shtërpcë 3894 36 0.92%

Gjilan 35398 34680 998 2.82% 33:1 3666 10.36% 122:1

Gjilan 22708 686 3.02%

Viti 5421 135 2.49%

Kamenicë 7269 177 2.43%

Gjakovë 38615 37864 575 1.49% 27:1 1074 2.78% 51:1

Gjakovë 18118 331 1.83%

Deçan 12564 153 1.22%

Malishevë 7933 91 1.15%

Pejë 37929 37434 466 1.23% 23:1 1235 3.26% 62:1

Pejë 25287 219 0.87%

Istog 5954 106 1.78%

Klinë 6688 141 2.11%

Mitrovicë 63486 63124 718 1.13% 28:1 2680 4.22% 103:1

Mitrovicë 23865 290 1.22%

Skenderaj 18883 175 0.93%

Vushtrri 16696 160 0.96%

Zvečan 2182 34 1.56%

Zubin Potok 589 37 6.28%

Leposaviq 1271 22 1.73%

ALL 332775 327937 6265 1.88% 34:1 16970 5.10% 93:1

Tab. 29: Placement Rates by Municipality 2006

A comparison of the municipal performance – particularly regarding the placement-staff-ratio –

has to take into account overlapping duties regarding the staff working in those public employ-

ment offices, which at the same time have to implement different tasks of regional co-ordination

(e.g. the IT officer, the operations manager and the regional director). Further on – of course –

the ability to place registered unemployed persons into new jobs is not limited to an appropriate

counselling procedure alone, but highly depends also on the general ability of the local economy,

to absorb unemployment and to offer employment opportunities. Nevertheless, obvious regional

disparities still allow questioning the right adjustment and implementation of administrative

procedures and activities in the field of employment promotion.

Employment Services Performance by Age, Skills and Gender

Registered Unemployed Inflow Outflow

IncreaseRate

Placements Training

Total

06/2007

Average

06/2007

Total

06/2007

12-Month

Rate

Total

06/2007

12-Month

Rate

Total

06/2007

12-Month

Rate*Entries

Activation

Rate

ALL 332775 327937 26323 8.03% 16970 5.17% 2.9% 6265 1.91% 3116 0.95%

Male 177485 175119 15351 8.77% 10746 6.14% 2.7% 4538 2.59% 2024 1.16%

Female 155290 152818 10972 7.18% 6224 4.07% 3.2% 1727 1.13% 1092 0.71%

Age

16-24 97249 95700 8082 8.45% 4660 4.87% 3.6% 2328 2.43% 1432 1.50%

Male 50597 49694 5002 10.07% 3038 6.11% 4.0% 1522 3.06% 907 1.83%

35


Female 46652 46006 3080 6.69% 1622 3.53% 3.2% 806 1.75% 525 1.14%

25-39 146475 144416 10905 7.55% 7016 4.86% 2.7% 2826 1.96% 1361 0.94%

Male 77152 76361 6049 7.92% 4598 6.02% 1.9% 2084 2.73% 914 1.20%

Female 69323 68056 4856 7.14% 2418 3.55% 3.6% 742 1.09% 447 0.66%

40-54 66421 65203 5492 8.42% 3356 5.15% 3.3% 1011 1.55% 316 0.48%

Male 36354 35687 3361 9.42% 2128 5.96% 3.5% 834 2.34% 197 0.55%

Female 30067 29516 2131 7.22% 1228 4.16% 3.1% 177 0.60% 119 0.40%

55+ 22630 22618 1844 8.15% 1938 8.57% -0.4% 100 0.44% 7 0.03%

Male 13384 13481 981 7.28% 1159 8.60% -1.3% 94 0.70% 6 0.04%

Female 9246 9137 863 9.45% 779 8.53% 0.9% 6 0.07% 1 0.01%

Skills

Unskilled 198364 194965 13882 7.12% 7411 3.80% 3.4% 2484 1.27% 781 0.40%

Male 87479 86094 7096 8.24% 4613 5.36% 2.9% 2056 2.39% 580 0.67%

Female 110885 108872 6786 6.23% 2798 2.57% 3.7% 428 0.39% 201 0.18%

Semi-skilled 13911 13710 726 5.30% 451 3.29% 2.0% 173 1.26% 39 0.28%

Male 7412 7285 481 6.60% 280 3.84% 2.8% 110 1.51% 25 0.34%

Female 6499 6425 245 3.81% 171 2.66% 1.2% 63 0.98% 14 0.22%

Skilled 29705 29451 1714 5.82% 1238 4.20% 1.6% 396 1.34% 175 0.59%

Male 25172 24897 1418 5.70% 787 3.16% 2.6% 364 1.46% 153 0.61%

Female 4533 4554 296 6.50% 451 9.90% -3.3% 32 0.70% 22 0.48%

2.nd School 85818 84898 8333 9.82% 6458 7.61% 2.2% 2677 3.15% 1943 2.29%

Male 54219 53843 5099 9.47% 4278 7.95% 1.5% 1682 3.12% 1203 2.23%

Female 31599 31054 3234 10.41% 2180 7.02% 3.5% 995 3.20% 740 2.38%

High School 2245 2286 547 23.93% 617 26.99% -3.0% 95 4.16% 58 2.54%

Male 1388 1394 284 20.38% 293 21.03% -0.6% 57 4.09% 16 1.15%

Female 857 892 263 29.47% 324 36.31% -6.6% 38 4.26% 42 4.71%

University 2732 2627 1121 42.68% 795 30.27% 13.5% 440 16.75% 120 4.57%

Male 1817 1771 647 36.53% 476 26.88% 10.4% 265 14.96% 47 2.65%

Female 915 856 474 55.38% 319 37.27% 20.4% 175 20.45% 73 8.53%

Table 33: Internal Performance Indicators Gender / Skills / Age

7.3.3. Registrations by Ethnicity

36


7.3.4. Registered Impaired

7.5. Labour Demand

Charts over 12 months (from 06/2006 to 06/2007)

37

Fig.33: Placement / Placement by Gender 06/2007

Total Placem ent

Male

Fem ale

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Jul-06 Aug-06 Sep-06 Oct-06 Nov-06 Dec-06 Jan-07 Feb-07 Mar-07 Apr-07 May-07 Jun-07

Fig.35: Placement by Owner 06/2007

Private

Public

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700



38

Fig. 31: Inflow / Inflow by Gender 06/2007

Total Inflow

Male Inflow

Female Inflow

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000


Fig .32: Outflow / Outflow by Gender 06/2007

Total Outflow

Male Outflow

Female Outflow

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500


Fig.34: Placement by Sector 06/2007

Primary

Secondary

Tertiary

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600



39

Fig.36: Placement by Risk Groups 06/2007unskilled

15-24

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450


Kosovo – Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 – Performance Report

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