Korea Exams Cambridge Yle Starters Movers Flyers Handbook 2

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© UCLES 2003 NOT FOR RESALE

Cambridge Young Learners English Tests

Handbook

Starters Movers Flyers

University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations1 Hills RoadCambridge, CB1 2EUUnited Kingdom

Tel. +44 1223 553355Fax. +44 1223 460278e-mail [email protected]

www.CambridgeESOL.org/younglearners

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Contents

Preface 2Introduction to Cambridge ESOL 2Background to the Cambridge Young Learners English Tests 2The three levels 3Starters, Movers and Flyers candidates 3Administration 4Results 4Level 4The three syllabuses 5Special arrangements 5

Component 1 – Listening 6Component 2 – Reading and Writing 7Component 3 – Speaking 8Topics, notions and concepts 8Structure List 9Alphabetic vocabulary list 10Thematic vocabulary list 12

Component 1 – Listening 15Component 2 – Reading and Writing 16Component 3 – Speaking 17Topics, notions and concepts 17Structure list 18Alphabetic vocabulary list 20Thematic vocabulary list 22

Component 1 – Listening 24Component 2 – Reading and Writing 25Component 3 – Speaking 26Topics, notions and concepts 26Structure List 27Alphabetic vocabulary list 28Thematic vocabulary list 30

Combined Starters and Movers alphabetic vocabulary list 33Combined Starters and Movers thematic vocabulary list 36Combined Starters, Movers and Flyers alphabetic vocabulary list 39Combined Starters, Movers and Flyers thematic vocabulary list 43

Cambridge Young Learners English Tests – Handbook

Starters

Movers

Flyers

2

Introduction

Preface

This handbook contains the specifications for all three levels of the Cambridge Young Learners English Tests(Starters, Movers and Flyers). It is designed for use byteachers who are preparing candidates for the tests, or who are considering doing so.

Introduction to Cambridge ESOL

The Cambridge Young Learners English Tests are run byUniversity of Cambridge ESOL Examinations – 'CambridgeESOL' for short – a department of the University ofCambridge Local Examinations Syndicate.

Cambridge ESOL is responsible for providing examinationsin English for Speakers of Other Languages throughout theworld. There are authorised Cambridge ESOL examinationcentres in more than 130 countries, and over 1.2 millionpeople take the exams every year.

As a department of one of the world's leading universities,Cambridge ESOL provides language assessment of thehighest possible quality. The exams cover all four languageskills – listening, speaking, reading and writing – and arebased on the skills learners need in real life. The use ofrealistic communicative content means that in preparing fora Cambridge ESOL exam or test, learners are developinguseful language skills.

Cambridge ESOL's commitment to excellence is supportedby a permanent staff of over 170 and more than 10,000trained examiners. The full time staff includes assessmentspecialists, administrative and customer service teams,business support and a specialist research and validationgroup whose activities underpin the quality for whichCambridge ESOL exams are world famous.

Background to the Cambridge Young

Learners English Tests

The Cambridge Young Learners English Tests are designedto offer a comprehensive approach to testing the English of primary learners between the ages of 7 and 12. As suchthey will provide an appropriate first step towards theCambridge Main Suite of examinations (e.g. KET and PET)which are designed for young people and adults.

The tests take account of relevant research in a number of areas and the specific needs of prospective test users(children, parents and teachers).

In producing the tests, particular attention is paid to theeducational consequences of using a language test withyoung learners and the following areas are carefullyconsidered:• current approaches to curriculum design and pedagogy

for young learners, including recent course books and other resource materials (e.g. CD ROM);

• children’s cognitive and first language development;• the potential influence of test methods, including the

familiarity and appropriacy of different task types, itemformats, typography and layout;

• probable variation between different first language groupsand cultures.

Above all, it is essential for the testing experience to have apositive impact on the children’s future language learning.

An important aspect of the test development project wascollaboration with staff at Homerton College (CambridgeUniversity’s teacher training college), who developedclassroom materials linked to the tests. Several publishersproduce materials linked to the tests and CambridgeUniversity Press publish booklets of past papers. A list of publishers is available atwww.CambridgeESOL.org/publishers.

In 2002, the tests were taken by approximately 260,000children in 55 countries, and these numbers are growingrapidly.

Introduction

3

The three levels

The Cambridge Young Learners English Tests consist ofthree key levels of assessment: Starters, Movers and Flyers.

The aims of the tests are to:• sample relevant and meaningful language use• measure accurately and fairly• present a positive first impression of international tests• promote effective learning and teaching• encourage future learning and teaching.

The three tests together form a bridge to take younglearners of English as a foreign language from beginner to Waystage level.

A wide range of text books and teaching materials which are used in classrooms throughout the world are reviewedas part of the on-going test development process, and thetests reflect the main content areas which frequently occur(topic, vocabulary, etc.) and the presentation of the material.Both text and pictures are presented in a clear and attractiveway, taking into account the age and background of theintended candidates.

The table below indicates the common characteristics andvariations in the different levels of the tests.

Cambridge Starters candidates

Cambridge Starters is the lowest level and is designed forchildren from the age of 7.

Cambridge Movers candidates

Movers is the second level in the series. A typical Moverscandidate is likely to be aged between 8 and 11.

Cambridge Flyers candidates

Flyers is the third level in the series. A typical Flyerscandidate is likely to be aged between 9 and 12 years.

N.B. Candidates can take Starters at 12 or Flyers at 7, asappropriate. Candidates aged 13 may also take the tests, asthey are likely to be in the same class as children aged 12.

Any Local Secretary who wishes to enter children outsidethe 7–13 age group for the tests should first discuss thiswith Cambridge ESOL.

Overall lengthNumber of

tasks/parts

Number

of items

Cambridge Starters

Listening

Reading & Writing

Speaking

approx 20 mins

20 mins

3–5 mins

total 45 mins

4

5

5

20

25

–

Cambridge Movers

Listening

Reading & Writing

Speaking

approx 25 mins

30 mins

5–7 mins

total 62 mins

5

6

4

25

40

–

Cambridge Flyers

Listening

Reading & Writing

Speaking

approx 25 mins

40 mins

7–9 mins

total 74 mins

5

7

4

25

50

–

Administration

In order to provide a flexible system which fits in withdifferent regional requirements, there is no fixed timetableof administration for any of the Young Learners Tests.Authorised Cambridge ESOL Examination Centresadminister the tests on dates chosen to fit in with local conditions (school terms, holiday periods, etc.).

Results

The completed question papers and mark sheets arereturned to Cambridge to be marked. The results are thenissued as soon as possible (normally within about twoweeks of receipt of the scripts by Cambridge ESOL).

Results are reported in a way designed to provide positive encouragement to the learners. All candidates whocomplete their test receive an Award, which focuses onwhat they can do (rather than what they can’t do) and givesthe children credit for having taken part in the test.

Level

The Young Learners Tests are aligned with the Council of Europe’s Common European Framework for ModernLanguage, at levels A1 and A2.

The Flyers syllabus is roughly equivalent to the CambridgeKey English Test (KET) syllabus in terms of languagecontent, but is more limited in terms of contexts covered.

As shown in the diagram, there are three possible routes from the Cambridge Young Learners English Tests toCambridge Main Suite examinations. Candidates may takeall three levels of the Young Learners English Tests beforemoving on either to KET or to PET, or they may take Moversand then move straight on to KET.

4

Introduction

Cam

brid

ge Y

oung

Lea

rner

s En

glis

h Te

sts

Level C2Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE)

Level C1Certificate in Advanced English (CAE)

Level B2First Certificate in English (FCE)

Level B1Preliminary English Test (PET)

Level A2Key English Test (KET)Level A2

Flyers

Level A1Movers

Starters

Cam

bridge Main S

uite Exam

inations

Introduction

5

The three syllabuses

The syllabuses for the three levels follow. They describe thetopics and notions, the structures, the lexis and the tasks

on which the tests are based.

These are test syllabuses. It would be impossible to achievea complete match with all the Primary courses taughtaround the world, but considerable care has been taken toreflect the language covered in a wide survey of PrimaryEnglish courses and materials.

Language is broken down into categories for convenientreference only, and to provide a checklist for test writing toensure equivalence between different test versions. There is no suggestion that a teacher preparing children for theCambridge Young Learners English Tests should concentrateon teaching structures or vocabulary. Focus on form orabstraction is inappropriate for young children.

A guiding principle for the tests is a desire to close thedistance between the children’s experiences of learning and of testing. Tasks are intended to test the meaningfuluse of language in clear, relevant, accessible contexts.Children must know what to expect when they sit down to take the tests, or the unfamiliarity could cause anxiety.But, apart from familiarising the children with the testformat, teachers should continue their normal teachingprogrammes and concentrate on learning through a focus on meaning and context.

In general the language input to the tests is likely to be of a standard British English variety, although care is takento avoid terms which might cause confusion for learners of American English. In terms of a candidate’s output, bothstandard British English and standard American English areequally acceptable.

Early versions of the listening tests were recorded by actorswith British English accents only. This has now changed, andcurrently a range of British, American and other accents areused.

Special arrangements

Special arrangements are available for candidates withspecial needs. These may include extra time, separateaccommodation or equipment etc. Please note that nobraille papers are available for these tests. Please consultyour Local Secretary for more details.

Key to abbreviations used in vocabulary lists

adj adjective

adv adverb

conj conjunction

det determiner

dis discourse marker

int interrogative

inter interjection

n noun

num number

prep preposition

pron pronoun

v verb

6

Starters

Component 1 – Listening

20 minutes/20 items

There are four parts. Each part begins with a clear example.All the texts are heard twice.

Part 1

This is a test of five different lexical items – normally takenfrom one or two semantic fields. The context is provided by a picture, within which the objects are ‘placed’ by thecandidate, who has to draw a line from the named object to a location within the picture. The information is conveyedby a dialogue between male and female adult speakers.

Part 2

This is a simple dictation exercise, presented through the context of a conversation between a child and an adult.There are picture prompts to support the context, but thesealone cannot provide the answers. Each answer is either aname or a number. The numbers dictated can be written aswords or digits. All names are spelled out letter by letter,and must be spelled correctly for the mark to be awarded.

Part 3

This task consists of five questions, each a three-optionmultiple choice with pictures. The information is conveyed ina series of five self-contained dialogues. The speakers arealways clearly differentiated by age or sex.

Part 4

This reflects the emphasis in Primary courses on ‘followinginstructions’. It is a test of lexis, particularly names ofcolours, and relative position. There is one large picture, andwithin this context, the candidate has to identify a certainobject by listening to details of its position, and then colourit in correctly. The information is given in a dialogue betweenan adult and a child.

• Starters

Main skill focus Input Expected response/item typeNumber

of items

1 Listening for lexical items andprepositions

Picture and dialogue Carry out instructions and positioningthings correctly on a picture

5

2 Listening for numbers and spelling Illustrated dialogue Write down numbers and names 5

3 Listening for information (present tenses)

Pictures and dialogue 3-option multiple-choice (pictures; tick the correct picture)

5

4 Listening for lexis and relative position

Picture and dialogue Carry out instructions, locating, andcolouring correctly

5

Summary of Starters Listening Test component

Part

s/ta

sks

Starters

7

Component 2 – Reading and Writing

20 minutes/25 items

There are five parts, each starting with a clear example.

Part 1

This task involves the candidate in reading for recognition of lexis. There are five statements, each accompanied by apicture, and the candidate has to place a tick in a box if thestatement describes the picture, and a cross if it does not.

Part 2

This consists of a single picture and a set of statements,some of which are correct and some of which are not.Candidates write ‘yes’ or ‘no’ as appropriate.

Part 3

This is a test of knowledge of lexis and also of very basic writing ability. There are five pictures of objects, eachaccompanied by the name of the object given as jumbledletters. The candidate must write the name of each object.Dashes indicate the number of letters in the answer. This isthe only part of the Reading and Writing component wherespelling is being tested.

Part 4

This task tests both comprehension of the overall messageof a text and the candidates’ basic writing ability. The text is a riddle with some words missing. Candidates read thetext, answer the final question ‘What am I?’ and supply themissing words (which are all either singular or plural nounsat this level). The missing words are tested as a picture gapfill task. Some incorrect spellings are accepted.

Part 5

A story is told through three pictures, with five relatedquestions, each of which requires a one-word answer. Thecorrect word may be any part of speech (noun, verb, etc.)listed in the syllabus. Some incorrect spellings and minorgrammatical errors are accepted.


of items

1 Reading for recognition of lexis 5 lexical items with pictures Indicate true with a tick or false with a cross

5

2 Reading for recognition of lexis, number, location and grammar

1 picture5 sentences

Write ‘yes’/‘no’ next to the sentences

5

3 Spelling

Writing (vocabulary)

5 pictures 5 sets of jumbled letters

Write words 5

4 Reading

Writing

Riddle-cloze with picture prompts Gap-filling (prompted); one-word answers

5

5 Reading

Writing

Story presented through 3 pictureswith 5 questions

Write one-word answers to questions

5

Summary of Starters Reading/Writing Test component

Part

s/ta

sks

Component 3 – Speaking

3–5 minutes/2 parts

The Speaking Component takes the form of a one-to-oneexchange lasting approximately 3–5 minutes. The languageused by the examiner is based on and controlled by a script,called an ‘interlocutor frame’.

It is intended that each child should be individually taken into the test by an usher, preferably someone who is knownto them (possibly the child’s teacher or some other veryfamiliar person from their school). The usher explains thetest format in the child’s first language, before taking thechild into the exam room and introducing them to theexaminer.

The mark for the Speaking component is based on a ratingfor interactive listening ability, pronunciation and productionof words and phrases.

Topics, notions and concepts

The topics covered in Cambridge Starters are:• animals• the body and the face• clothes• family, friends and ourselves• food and drink• the home• language and tests• school and the classroom• sports and leisure-time activities• transport

The notions and concepts are:• ability• actions and activities• age• appearance• colours• feelings• location and position• numbers 1–10• sizes

8

Starters

Input Expected response/item type

1 Greeting and name check (unassessed); scene card and questions about objects in this picture

Carry out instructions; point to the correct part of the picture

2

3

4

5

Scene card and 8 small object cards; instructions to place object cards on the scene card

Questions about the scene card

Questions about the object cards

Questions from interlocutor on topics, such as: name, age, family, school, likes, dislikes

Carry out instructions; place the object cards in various places on the scene card

Answer questions with one-word answers and/or short phrases



Part

s/ta

sks

StartersLanguage (grammar and structures) Language use (communication) Language items (examples)

The alphabet

Writing down spelling That’s W-H-I-T-E.

Nouns

singular and plural, including limited,specified, irregular plural forms

(Proper Nouns)

(Common Nouns)

Possessive forms:/’s/s’/

Asking who people are and identifyingpeople

Responding to requests for informationabout objectsTalking about ownership

Are you Bill?It’s Pat.

They’re oranges, not lemons.

That’s Ann’s bike.

Adjectives

size, age, colour Describing and identifying objects, peopleand animals

Identifying colours

He’s a small boy.Your face is very dirty.

It’s a red car.

Determiners

a, an, the, some

my, your, his, her, our, their

Identifying objects, animals, fruit,vegetables, etc. (with countables anduncountables)

Talking about possessions and relationships

It’s a banana.Who’s eating an egg?Put the tomato on the table.He’s got some apples.

It’s my brother’s birthday.

Pronouns

(Demonstrative Pronouns)

this, these, that, those

(Personal Pronouns)

I, you, he, she, it, we, they, me, you, him,her, it, us, them, our, us

(Interrogative)

who, which, what, whose, where,how many, how old

(There)

Making and responding to requests forinformation about objects

Identifying peopleDescribing people

Asking who people are and what they are doingAsking questions about the number ofpeople, animals and objects

Identifying people, animals and objects

Verbs

(positive, negative, interrogative and

contractions)

(to be)

am, is, are

(Imperative)

(Present Continuous)

do

(Present Simple)

(Modals)

can, have (got)

Talking about friends, yourself and others

Understanding and giving simple instructions

Asking and answering questions aboutpresent actions

Describing what you like or want

Asking how to spell a wordSaying where you liveTalking about habits and facts

Describing ability and personal possessions

Asking someone to do somethingMaking requests

I am, I’m, he is, he’s, she is, she’s, it is, it has, it’s, we are, we’re, they are, they’re

Stand up and read this.Clean the board, please.

What are the cats doing?They’re sleeping.

I like fish.I don’t want eggs.

How do you spell ‘computer’?I live in Montevideo.I eat breakfast in the kitchen.Frogs jump.

Can you play football?Have you got a pen?No, I’ve got a pencil.

Can you open the window?Can I have an ice-cream?

Formulae

For communication repair Pardon? Sorry?I don’t know.

Conjunctions

or, and For making a choiceFor linking

Is this an apple or a pear?I’ve got a pen and a pencil.

Starters Structure List

9

What are these?This is a camera.

It’s Sam.He’s running.Can you see him?

Who’s in the bath?Which is Ann?What are you doing?Whose house is this?How many children are there in your class?

There’s a bus in the picture.There are three lorries.

Starters alphabetic vocabulary list

10

Starters

a det

add vafternoon n

again adv

alphabet nam v

an det

and conj

animal n

Ann nanswer n + v

apple n

are varm narmchair n

ask vat prep

A

baby nbadminton nbag nball nbanana nbaseball nbasketball n

bath nbathroom nbe vbeach nbean nbeautiful adj

bed n

bedroom nbehind prep

Ben nbetween prep

big adj

bike nBill n

bird nbirthday nblack adj

blue adj

board nboat nbody n

book nbookcase nbounce vbox nboy nbread nbreakfast n

brother nbrown adj

burger nbus nbye (-bye)

B

cake ncamera ncan/cannot/can’t vcar ncarrot n

cat ncatch vchair nchicken nchild/children n

class nclassroom nclean adj + v

clock nclose v

clothes ncoconut ncolour ncolour (in) vcomputer n

correct adj

cow ncrocodile ncross n + v

cupboard n

C

dad(dy) nday ndesk n

dining room ndirty adj

do/don’t v

dog ndoll ndoor n

double adj

draw v

drawing n

dress ndrink n + v

duck n

D

ear neat v

egg neight num

elephant nend n

English n + adj

enjoy veraser nexample n

eye n

E

face nfamily nfather nfavourite adj

find vfish (s + pl) nfishing nfive num

floor nflower nfly vfood n

foot/feet nfootball nfor prep

four num

French fries nfriend nfrog n

F

game ngarden ngiraffe n

girl ngive vglasses n

go vgoat ngood adj

good-byegot (see: have)grandfather n

grandmother ngreen adj

grey (or gray) adj

guitar n

G

hair nhall nhand nhandbag nhappy adj

(Happy birthday)hat nhave (got) vhave (a bath,

a drink, food) v

he pron

head nhelicopter nhelloher pron

hers pron

here adv

him pron

hippo nhis pron

hit vhobby nhockey nhorse nhouse n

how int (How do you spell it?)

how many int

how old int

H

I pron

ice-cream nin prep of place

in front of prep

is vit pron

its pron

I

jacket n jeans n juice n jump v

J

kick vKim n

kitchen nkite n

know (don’tknow) v

K

lamp nlearn vleg nlemon n

lemonade nlesson nletter (as in

alphabet) n

like v + prep

lime nline nlisten (to) v

live vliving room nlizard nlong adj

look v

(Look, there’s Tom. He looks happy.)

look at v

lorry nlove vlunch n

L

Starters

11

man/men nmango nmat nMay (girl’s name) n

me pron

meat nmilk nmirror n

Miss (title)monkey nmonster nmother n

motorbike nmouse/mice nmouth nMr

Mrsmum(my) nmy det

M

name nnew adj

next to prep

Nick nnight nnine num

no det

nose nnot adv

now adv + dis

number n

N

of prep

oh inter + dis

OK inter + dis

old adj

on prep

one num

onion nopen v

or conj

orange n + adj

our adj

O

page npaint n + v

painting npardon? inter

part n

Pat npea npear npen npencil n

phone n + v

photo npiano npick up vpicture n

pineapple npink adj

plane nplay (with) vplease inter

point vpoint to vpotato npurple adj

put v

P

question n

Q

radio nread v

red adj

rice nride n + v right (correct)

adj + dis

robot nroom n

ruler nrun v

R

sad adj

Sam nsausage nsay vschool nsea nsee v

sentence nseven num

she pron

sheep (s + pl) nshirt nshoe nshort adj

show vsing vsister nsit (down) vsix num

skirt nsleep v

small adj

snake nso dis

soccer nsock nsofa nsome det

song nsorry inter + adj

spell vspider nsport nstand (up) vstart v

stop vstory nstreet nSue nsun nsupper nswim v

S

T-shirt ntable ntable tennis ntalk vteacher ntelevision/TV ntell v

ten num

tennis ntest n + v

thank youthanksthat det + pron

the det

their det

them pron

then dis

there dummy

subject

there adv

these det + pron

they pron

this det + pron

those det + pron

three num

throw vtick n + v

tiger n

to prep

today n + adv

Tom ntomato ntoy ntrain ntree n

trousers ntry vtwo num

T

ugly adj under prep understand v us pron

U

very adv

V

walk vwall nwant vwatch n + v

water nwatermelon nwe pron

wear v

well dis

what int

where int

which int

white adj

who int

whose int

window n

with prep

woman/women nword nwrite v

W

(No words at this level)

X

yellow adj yes you pron young adj your pron + adj

Y


Z

12

Starters

Starters thematic vocabulary list

For ease of reference vocabulary is also arranged here insemantic groups or themes. Some words appear undermore than one heading; however, some words, usuallysyntactic, are not amenable to presentation in this way.

‘School and the classroom’ and ‘language and tests’ havebeen listed together.

In addition to the topics, notions and concepts listed for thesyllabus, the following categories appear:• miscellaneous objects/nouns• adjectives• functions• verbs• conjunctions• pronouns

animalbirdcatchicken

cowcrocodiledogduck

elephantfish (s + pl)froggiraffe

goathippohorselizard

monkeymouse/micesheep (s + pl)snake

spidertiger

Animals

armbody

eareye

facefoot/feet

hairhand

headleg

mouthnose

The body and the face

clothesdressglasses

handbaghatjacket

jeansshirtshoe

skirtsockT-shirt

trouserswear

Clothes

AnnbabyBenBillbirthdayboybrotherchild/childrendad(dy)

familyfatherfriendgirlgrandfathergrandmotherhappy (birthday)heher

himhisIKimliveman/menMaymeMiss

motherMrMrsmum(my)mynameNickoldPat

SamshesisterSuetheirthemtheyTomus

wewoman/womenyouyoungyour

Family, friends and ourselves

applebananabeanbreadbreakfastburgercake

carrotchickencoconutdrink (n & v)eateggfish

foodFrench friesice-creamjuicelemonlemonadelime

lunchmangomeatmilkonionorangepea

pearpineapplepotatoricesausagesuppertomato

waterwatermelon

Food and drink

armchairbathbathroombedbedroombookcase

boxcamerachairclockcupboarddining room

dolldoorfloorflowergardenhall

housekitchenlampliving roommatmirror

phoneradioroomsleepsofastreet

tabletelevision/TVtoytreewatchwindow

The home

Starters

13

alphabetansweraskboardbookbookcaseclassclassroomclose

colourcolour (in)correctcross deskdrawEnglisheraserexample

findfloorknow (don’t know)learnlessonletterlinelisten (to)look

nonumberopenpagepartpenpencilpicturequestion

readrightrulerschoolsentenceteachertelltesttick

understandwallwordwriteyes

School and the classroom, and language and tests

badmintonballbaseballbasketballbeachbookbounce

cameradolldraw(ing)enjoyfavouritefish(ing)football

gameguitarhithobbyhockeykickkite

listen (to)paint(ing)photopianopictureplay (with)radio

readrunsingsoccersongsportstory

swimtable tennistelevision/TVtennistoywatch

Sports and leisure-time activities

bikeboatbus

carflygo

helicopterlorrymotorbike

planeriderun

swimtrainwalk

Transport

blackblue

browngreen

grey (or gray)orange

pinkpurple

redwhite

yellow

Colours

atbehind

betweenhere

inin front of

next toon

thereunder

Location and position

afternoonbag

boxcomputer

dayend

monsternight

robotsea

streetsun

Miscellaneous objects/nouns

Cardinals 1-10

Numbers

bye (-bye)good-byeHappy birthdayhere you are

helloI don’t knownooh

OKpardon?pleaseright

soso do I (agreement)sorrythank you

thanksthenwellyes

Formulaic expressions

beautifulbigcleandirty

Englishfavouritegoodhappy

longnewoldour

right (correct)sadshortsmall

sorryuglyyoung

Adjectives

a/anno

somethat

thetheir

thesethis

those

Determiners

againhere

notnow

theretoday

very

Adverbs

atbehindbetween

forinin front of

likenext toof

ontounder

with

Prepositions

14

Starters

heherhershim

hisIitits

meshethatthem

thesetheythisthose

usweyouyour

Pronouns

and or

Conjunctions

becan/cannot/can’tcatchdo/don’tdrawdrink

eatfindflygivegohave (got)

have a bathhave a drinkhave (food)hitknowlearn

putreadriderunsaysee

singsit (down)sleepspellstand (up)swim

throwunderstandwearwrite

Verbs – irregular

addansweraskbouncecleanclose

colourcrossenjoyjumpkicklearn

likelisten (to)livelooklook atlove

openpaintphonepick upplay (with)point

point toshowstartstoptalktest

ticktrywalkwantwatch

Verbs – regular

Movers

15


25 minutes/25 items

Part 1

This consists of a dialogue describing people and theiractions, and a corresponding picture. Candidates matchnames to people by drawing lines.

Part 2

This consists of a dialogue in which one of the speakersgives personal information. Candidates extract keywords/phrases and complete a notepad or form.

Part 3

This consists of a dialogue in which a child describes to an adult what he/she did during the past week. Candidateslisten and match pictures to days of the week.

Part 4

This consists of five dialogues. Candidates select acorresponding picture for each one from sets of three.

Part 5

This consists of a dialogue in which one speaker gives theother instructions to colour and draw or write on parts of ablack and white drawing. Candidates follow the instructions.

• Movers


of items

1 Listening for lexical items and verbphrases

Picture and dialogue Match names to figures in a pictureby drawing a line

5

2 Listening for information Gapped text and dialogue Record words or numbers 5

3 Listening for lexical items and verbphrases (past tense)

Pictures and days of the week and dialogue

Match days of week to pictures by copying name of day

5

4 Listening for information Picture sets and dialogues Select one of three pictures by ticking box

5

5 Listening for lexis and position Picture and dialogue Colour and draw or write 5

Summary of Movers Listening Test component

Part

s/ta

sks

16

Movers


30 minutes/40 items

Part 1

This consists of a set of eight nouns (illustrated) and a set of six definitions. Candidates match the two.

Part 2


Part 3

This consists of a written dialogue for which three different responses are given for the second speaker.Candidates choose the most suitable of the threeresponses, by writing a corresponding letter.

Part 4

This consists of a gapped text, with small picturesillustrating each of the missing words. Candidates supplythe missing words and choose the best title for the text.

Part 5

This consists of a series of related pictures and anaccompanying text. Beneath each picture and paragraphthere are open-ended comprehension questions, whichcandidates answer with a word or phrase (not completesentences).

Part 6

This consists of a gapped text. Candidates select the mostappropriate word for each gap from a choice of three.


of items

1 Understanding definitions Labelled pictures and definitions Match definitions to picture bycopying the word

6

2 Understanding short texts Picture and sentences Write ‘yes’ or ‘no’ next to the sentences

6

3 Identifying appropriate utterances Short dialogue with multipleresponses

Select best response by circling a letter

6

4 Completing a gapped text with one word (noun or verb)

Gapped text with picture cues Write words in gaps. Choose thebest title for the story from a choice of 3

7

5 Understanding short texts andanswering open-ended questions

Text and pictures and questions Answer questions by writing a word or phrase (3 words maximum)

10

6 Completing gapped text with oneword (grammatical)

Gapped text and word sets Complete text by selecting the best word and copying

5

Summary of Movers Reading/Writing Test component

Part

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The mark for the Speaking component is based on a ratingfor interactive listening ability, pronunciation and productionof extended responses.


The topic list for Movers includes topics covered at Starters.

Some of these topics are retitled and the topic list forStarters is revised to take account of this.

Some topics build on and extend the language introduced at Starters. Others, shown in bold, are introduced for thefirst time at this level.

Topics

• animals• the body and the face• clothes• family, friends and ourselves• food and drink• health

• local places

• the home• school and the classroom, and language and tests• sports, leisure and holidays

• transport• weather

• world around us

Notions and concepts

• ability• actions and activities: including routines and manner,

past and present• age• appearance• colours• numbers: cardinal and ordinal

• comparisons

• days of the week

• feelings• location and position• obligation

• offers

• possession

• permission

• requests

• shapes and sizes• greetings

• containers

• time expressions

Movers

17

Main skill focusExpected response/

item type

1 Greeting and name check(unassessed); two similarpictures

Identify four differencesbetween pictures

2 Picture sequence Describe each picture in turn

3 Picture sets Identify the odd one out and give reason

4 Open-ended questions Answer personal questions

Part

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The structure list for Movers subsumes the structure list forStarters. The following structures appear for the first time atMovers level.

(Proper Nouns)

(Common Nouns)

Including countable and limited, specified uncountable

(Simple comparatives)

Talking about people and places

Talking about quantities and amounts

Comparing quantities and amounts

Jane lives in London.

a cup of coffeea glass of watera bottle of lemonadea bowl of soup

There are more boys than girls in theclassroom.

18

Movers

Language (grammar and structures) Language use (communication) Language items (examples)

Nouns

Determiners

zero articleanya lot (of)

mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

Indirect object

Talking about things which can and cannot be counted

Talking about personal possessions

Paul’s father goes to work every morning.There isn’t any bread on the table. She took a lot of photos.

Is that car yours?

Can you give me some cakes?

Adjectives

(Base forms)

(Comparatives and superlatives)

Talking about appearances and feelings

Making comparisons between things

Sally was hungry.

The sun is bigger than the moon.My house is the smallest in the villageWho is your best friend?

Verbs

(Past Simple)

Regular past forms and past forms of all irregular verbs which appear in the list

(Short Answer Forms)

(Verb complementation)

Verb + infinitiveVerb + ing form

Go + ing

Like, enjoy, etc. +ing

To in sense of ‘in order to’

(Modals)

must and mustn’t

have (got) to

would & wouldn’t (like)

shall (in interrogatives only)

(Past tense modals)

couldhad

Talking about events in the past

Answering yes/no questions

Talking about activities

Expressing purpose

Indicating (negative) obligation

Making offers and suggestions; showing (negative) preference

Making offers

We went to the park yesterday.

Has your school got any computers? No, it hasn’t.

I want to go home.He started to laugh.He started laughing.

I go fishing at weekends.I went riding yesterday.

I like walking in the mountains.

She went to the shops to buy a new dress

You must clean your bedroom.You mustn’t shout in class.

I’ve got to go.

Would you like a bowl of soup? Would you like to come with us?I’d like to go home now.

Shall I carry your bag?

I could see him.I had to go.

Adverbs

(Adverbs of Time) now, today, yesterday

(Adverbs of Frequency) always, sometimesnever, often

(Adverbs of Manner) quietly, slowly, quickly,carefully, well, badly, loudly

Describing when something happens

Describing how often something happens

Describing how you do something

My aunt caught the plane yesterday.

She never eats meat.

We went upstairs quietly.

Movers Structure List

How do you go to school?When does the film start?How much water do you want?How often do you eat cake?Why is he talking to her?Which snowman has Harry made?What kind of music do you like?

What’s the weather like?

how, when, how much, how often, why, what kind of, which + (n)

What is/was the weather like? (weather only)

Asking questions to get information

Movers

19


Adverbs continued

(Adverbs of Degree) a lot

(Comparative adverbs)

Describing to what extent you do something

Making comparisons

She talks a lot.

He can read better than his brother.

Interrogatives

Prepositions

(Prepositions of Time)

on, in, after, before

(Prepositions Showing Agent)

with

Talking about dates and time (but not o’clock)

Talking about the agent or the instrument ofan action

She watches TV on Fridays.The dog always sleeps in the afternoon.She plays with her friends after school.I must do this before Friday.

He painted the wall with a big brush.

Conjunctions

but

because

Expressing contrast

Expressing reasons

I like ice-cream, but I don’t like chocolate.

I went home because I was tired.

Numbers

Cardinal Numbers: 1–20

Ordinal Numbers: 1st–10th

Counting up to 20 and talking about specificquantities

Talking about positions (e.g. in a race)

There are 18 children in my class.

Jane lives in the second house on the right.

Clauses

(Relative clauses with relative pronouns)

who, which, thatIdentifying people and objects Emma is the girl who is sitting by the tree.

An envelope is the thing which/that we puta letter in.

Formulae

For communication repair What did you say?I didn’t understand/hear you.

20

Movers

Movers alphabetic vocabulary list

The following words appear for the first time at Movers level.

about prep

above prep

address n

afraid adj

after prep

age n

all adj + pron + det

all right inter

a lot adv

a lot of det

always adv

another adj

any adj + det

apartment n (flat)aunt n

A

back nbad adj

badly adv

balcony n

bank nbasement nbat nbear n

beard nbecause conj

before adv + prep

below prep

best adj

better adj

blanket nblond(e) adj

bottle (of) nbottom nbowl (of) nbus station n

but conj

buy vby prep

B

café nCD ncareful adj

carefully adv

carry v

catch (a bus) vcheese nchoose vcinema ncity n

climb vcloud ncloudy adj

clown ncoat n

coffee ncold adj + n

come vcomic n(USA comic book)

cook vcough ncountry(side) ncousin ncry v

cup (of) ncurly adj

C

Daisy ndance v

daughter ndifference n

different adj

difficult adj

dolphin ndown adv + prep

downstairs adv

D

earache neasy adj

eighteen num

eighth adj

eleven num

evening nevery adj + det

excuse me inter

E

fair adj

famous adj

fan n (paper or electric)

farm nfat adj

field nfifteen num

fifth adj

film nfine adj

fine! inter

first adj + adv

fish v

flat n

floor (ground, 1st,

2nd, 3rd etc.) nfly nforest nfourteen num

fourth adj

Fred nFriday nfruit n

F

get un/dressed vget up vglass (of) n

good morning/afternoon/evening/night

granddaughter ngrandparent ngrandson n

grass ngreat! inter

ground n + adj (floor)

G

have (got) to vhave a (shower/

wash) vheadache n

help vholiday nhome nhomework n

hop vhospital nhot adj

how adv + int

How about...? (suggestion)

how much adv + int

how often adv + int

hungry adj

hurt v tr + intr

(My leg hurts. I hurt my leg.)

H

in prep of time inside prep + adv island n

I

Jane n Jill n Jim n John n jungle n

J

kangaroo n kick n kind (type) n

K

lake nlast adj + adv

laugh vleaf/leaves n

library nlift n (USA elevator)

lion na lot det + adv

loud(ly) adj (adv)

L

map nmarket nMary n

matter n

(What’s the matter?)

mean v

mine pron

mistake nMonday nmoon n

more adj + adv

morning nmost adj + adv

mountain n

moustache nmove vmusic n

must/must not/mustn’t v

M

Movers

21

neck n need v never adv nineteen num ninth adj nothing pron

N

off adv

often adv

on adv

on prep of time

one pron

only adv

opposite prep

ours pron

out adv

out of prep

outside adv + prep

O

panda nparent npark n

parrot nparty npasta n

Paul nperson/people npet n

Peter npicnic npirate n

place nplant nplayground n

put on v

P

quick(ly) adj (adv) quiet(ly) adj (adv)

Q

rabbit nrain n + v

rainbow nriver n

road nrock n

round adj

R

sail vSally nsandwich nSaturday nscarf nsecond adj

seventeen num

seventh adj

shall vshark nshop n + v

shoulder nshout v

shower n (have a shower) v

sixteen num

sixth adj

skate n + v

skip vslow(ly) adj (adv)

snow n + v

something pron

sometimes adv

son nsoup nsquare adj + n

stair(s) n

star nstomach nstomach-ache nstraight adj

strong adj

Sunday nsunny adj

supermarket nsweater nswimming pool n

S

take vtake a bus vtake pictures vtake off

(get undressed) vtall adj

tea ntemperature ntenth num

text nthan conj

theirs pron

then conj + adv

thin adj

thing nthink v

third adj

thirsty adj

thirteen num

Thursday ntired adj

tooth/teeth ntoothache ntoothbrush n

top ntowel ntown ntreasure nTuesday ntwelve num

twenty num

T

uncle n up adv + prep upstairs adv

U

video n village n

V

wait vwake (up) vwash n + v

(have a wash)waterfall n

weak adj

weather nWednesday nweek nweekend n

well adj + adv

wet adj

whale nWhat about...?

(suggestion)

what’s the matter? int

when adv + int +

conj

which pron

why? int

wind nwindy adj

work n + v

world n

worse adj

worst adj

would/n’t (like) vwrong adj

W


X

Yyesterday n + adj yours pron

zoo n

Z

22

Movers

Movers thematic vocabulary list

batbear

dolphinfly

kangaroolion

pandaparrot

petrabbit

sharkwhale

Animals

backbeard

blond(e)curly

fairmoustache

neckshoulder

stomachstraight

tooth/teeth


coat scarf sweater

Clothes

auntcousinDaisydaughter

Fredgranddaughtergrandparentgrandson

JaneJillJimJohn

MaryparentPaulperson/people

PeterSallysonuncle


cheesecoffee

fruitpasta

picnicsandwich

souptea

Food and drink

coldcough

earachefine

headachematter

(what’s the matter?)

stomach-achetemperature

toothache

Health

addressapartment

balconybasement

downstairsflat

floorhome

liftshower

stairsupstairs

The home

bankbus stationcafé

cinemafarmhospital

librarymarketpark

playgroundshopsupermarket

swimming poolzoo

Local places

clown pirate work

Occupations and the world of work

homework mistake playground text

School and the classroom

CDcomic/comic book

filmholiday

kickmusic

partyskate

video

Sports and leisure and holidays

catch a bus take a bus

Transport

cloudcloudy

rainrainbow

snowsunny

weatherwind

windy

Weather

citycountry(side)fieldforest

grassgroundislandjungle

lakeleaf/leavesmoonmountain

plantriverroadrock

startownvillagewaterfall

world

The world around us

(No additional words at this level)

Colours

ageblanketbottom

differencefankind (type)

mapplacething

toothbrushtoptowel

treasurewash

Miscellaneous objects and other nouns

Movers

23

Cardinals: 11–20 Ordinals: 1st–10th

Numbers

bottle (of) bowl (of) cup (of) glass (of)

Containers

afteralwaysbeforeevening

everymorningneversometimes

weekweekendyesterday

The days of theweek:MondayTuesday

WednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday

Sunday

Time expressions

all rightexcuse me!

good morning/ afternoon/ evening/night

fine!Great!

How about...? (suggestion)

I didn’t hear you

I didn’t understand you

What a beautiful day!

What did you say?What’s the matter?

Greetings and other formulaic expressions

afraidallanybadbestbettercareful

colddifferentdifficulteasyeveryfamousfat

finehothungrylastloudmoremost

quickquietroundslowsquarestraightstrong

tallthinthirstytiredweakwellwet

worseworstwrong

Adjectives

all a lot of another any every

Determiners

a lotalwaysbadlybeforecarefully

downdownstairshowhow muchhow often

insidelastloudlymoremost

offoftenonlyoutoutside

quicklyquietlyslowlysometimesthen

upupstairswellwhen

Adverbs

aboutaboveafter

beforebelowby

downinsideon (time)

oppositeout ofoutside

up

Prepositions

allmine

moremost

nothingone

ourssomething

theirswhich

yours

Pronouns

because but than then

Conjunctions

buycatch (a bus)choosecome

get (un)dressedget uphave (got) tohave a shower

have a partyhave a washhurtmean

mustput ontaketake a bus

take offtake picturesthinkwake up

Verbs – irregular

carryclimbcookcry

dancefishhelphop

laughmoveneedrain

sailshopshoutskate

skipsnowwaitwash

work

Verbs – regular

What’s the matter? Why? When?

Interrogative

24

Flyers


25 minutes/25 items

Part 1

This consists of a dialogue describing people and theiractions, and a corresponding picture. Candidates matchnames to people by drawing lines.

Part 2

This consists of a dialogue in which one of the speakersgives personal information. Candidates extract keywords/phrases and complete a notepad or form.

Part 3

This consists of a set of five short monologues, which relateto one set of six pictures and one set of eight pictures.These form a matching task with the two unused pictures.

Part 4

This consists of five dialogues. Candidates select acorresponding picture for each one from sets of three.

Part 5

This consists of a dialogue in which one speaker gives the other instructions to colour parts of a black and whitedrawing. There is one instruction to draw, and oneinstruction to write a word. Candidates follow theinstructions.

• Flyers


of items

1 Listening for lexical items and verbphrases

Picture and dialogue Match names to figures in a pictureby drawing a line

5

2 Listening for information Gapped text and dialogue Record words or numbers 5

3 Listening for lexical items Picture sets and short monologues Match pictures by writing letter in box

5

4 Listening for information Picture sets and dialogues Select one of three pictures by ticking box

5

5 Listening for lexis and position Picture and dialogue Colour and draw and write 5

Summary of Flyers Listening Test component

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Flyers

25


40 minutes/50 items

Part 1

This consists of a set of 15 words (not illustrated) and tendefinitions. Candidates match words to the correspondingdefinition.

Part 2


Part 3

This consists of a written dialogue for which three differentresponses are given for the second speaker. Candidateschoose the most suitable of the three responses, by writinga corresponding letter.

Part 4

This consists of a gapped text, with small picturesillustrating each of the missing words. Candidates supplythe missing words and choose the best title for the text.

Part 5

This consists of a series of related pictures and anaccompanying text. Beneath each picture and paragraphthere are open-ended comprehension questions, whichcandidates answer with a word or phrase (not completesentences).

Part 6

This consists of a gapped text. Candidates select the mostappropriate word for each gap from a choice of three.

Part 7

This consists of a gapped text. Candidates write one wordin each gap (no words supplied).


of items

1 Understanding definitions Set of nouns and definitions Match words to definitions by copying the word

10

2 Understanding short texts Picture and sentences Write ‘yes’ or ‘no’ next to the sentences

7

3 Identifying appropriate utterances Short dialogue with multiple responses

Select best response by circling a letter

5

4 Completing a gapped text with oneword (nouns, adjectives or verbs)

Gapped text with picture cues Write words in gaps. Choose the best title for the story from a choice of 3

6

5 Understanding short texts andanswering open-ended questions

Text and pictures and questions Answer questions by writing a wordor phrase (4 words max)

7

6 Completing gapped text with oneword (grammatical)

Gapped text and word sets Complete text by selecting the bestword and copying

10

7 Completing a gapped text Gapped text Write words in gaps (none supplied) 5

Summary of Flyers Reading/Writing Test component

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26

Flyers





The mark for the Speaking component is based on a ratingfor interactive listening ability, pronunciation, production ofextended responses, and grammar and vocabulary.


The following topic list for Flyers includes and further buildson topics covered at Starters and Movers.

Topics shown in bold are introduced for the first time at this level.

Topics

• animals• clothes• family, friends and ourselves• folklore and fantasy (including dreams and wishes,

magic, science fiction and UFOs)• food and cooking

• health• the home• occupations and the world of work

• places and directions• school and education: including school subjects

• sports, leisure and holidays• transport• weather• the world around us

Notions and concepts

• ability• actions and activities: including routines and manner,

past and present• age• appearance• colours and patterns

• comparisons: including superlatives• days of the week• directions (round a town)• feelings• language and tests• location and position• materials

• numbers: cardinal up to 1000; ordinal up to 31st

• obligation• offers• permission• possession• requests• the senses

• shapes and sizes• time (including 12-hour and 24-hour clocks, days,

months, years and dates)

InputExpected response/

item type

1 Greeting and name check(unassessed); two similarpictures (one unseen). Oral statements aboutunseen picture

Identify six differences in Candidate’s picture from statements aboutExaminer’s picture

2 One set of facts and oneset of question cues

Answer and ask questionsabout two people, objectsor situations

3 Picture sequence Describe each picture in turn

4 Open-ended questionsabout candidate

Answer personal questions

Part

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The structure list for Flyers builds on the structure lists forMovers and Starters, extending areas such as verbs andtheir past simple forms.

The following structures appear for the first time at Flyerslevel.

He’s too tired to do any work.He’s not old enough to ski

Can you swim? Yes, a little.

I went to the bank and then I went to theswimming pool.

I was walking down the road when I saw her.

Have you ever been to the circus?

I’m going to visit my aunt tomorrow.

It may rain tomorrow. She might come.Will you see her this evening?

Shall we go to the park?We could go to the beach.You should wear a coat.

It’s made of plastic.People who go into space are called‘astronauts’.

What’s it like?It looks like a horse.

Flyers

27


Nouns

(Proper Nouns) Talking about months and seasons Summer is my favourite time.My birthday’s in November.

Interrogatives

What (time)

What is ‘X’ like?What does ‘X’ look/sound/feel/taste like?

Asking about the timeAsking about the reason for something

Asking about the degree of something

Asking about someone or something’s name

Asking for a description of something orsomeone

What time is it?

How tall are you?How long does it take?How far is it?

What’s x called?

What’s your house like?What was the weather like?

Verbs

(Past continuous)

(Present perfect)

(Future)

be going to

will, might, may

shall (I/we), let’s/could/should

(Present Simple Passive Voice)

(Verbs of Sensation)

looks like, feels like, sounds like, smells like

Talking about interrupted past states

Talking about experiences and recentlycompleted actions

Talking about future plans and intentions

Talking about predictions/probability

Making suggestions

Talking about materials and describing objects

Talking about the appearance of things

Adverbs

Expressing why you can’t do something

Describing to what extent you do something

Ordering events

Conjunctions

so Expressing result I didn’t want to walk home so I went on the bus.

Pronouns

you (impersonal) Asking for directions Excuse me, how do you get to the station?

Numbers

(Cardinal Numbers) 21–1000

(Ordinal Numbers) up to 31st

Counting up to 20 and talking about specificquantities/cost

Specifying dates

It’s about 50 kilometres from there.

We went on holiday on the 30th of July.

Tag questions

Asking for confirmation of statement He’s coming to my party, isn’t he?

Clauses

(Adverbial clauses with ‘when’)

(Conditional clauses with ‘if’) Qualifying statements about regular activities

I started playing football when I was six.

If it rains this afternoon, we’ll come home early.

If it’s sunny, we go swimming.

Flyers Structure List

(Adverbs of Degree)

enough, too (not ‘X’ enough to do ‘Y’, too ‘X’ to do ‘Y’)

a little

then (adverb of time)

28

Flyers

Flyers alphabetic vocabulary list

The following words all appear for the first time at Flyers level.

a.m.a few det

a piece of adj

across prep

actor nactress nago adv

agree v

air nairport nalready adv

also adv

ambulance nanyone pron

anything pron

anywhere adv

April narrive vart nartist n

ask (for) vAugust nautumn naway adv

A

begin vbelieve vbelt nBetty n

bicycle nbin nbiscuit nbookshop n

boring adj

break vbridge nbring v

broken adj

brush n + v

business nbusinessman/woman n

burn vbus stop nbutter nbutterfly n

B

call (What’s x called?) vcamel ncamp vcard (birthday) n

castle ncave ncentury ncheap adj

chemist chemist’s nchocolate nchopsticks nChristmas n

circus nclever adj

closed adj

club n

college ncomb n + v

competition ncook n

cooker ncorner ncould vcut v

C

dangerous adj

dark adj

date n

David ndear adj (as in

Dear John)

December ndecide vdentist n

diary ndictionary ndinner n

dinosaur ndoctor ndrum n

dry adj

during prep

D

each pron + adj

early adj + adv

Easter neighteenth adj

eighty num

eleventh adj

else pron

Emma n

empty adj

end vengineer nenough adj + pron

envelope nenvironment (the) never adv

everyone pron

everything pron

everywhere adv

exam (examination) nexcellent adj + inter

expensive adj

explain vextinct adj

E

factory nfall vfall over vfar adv + prep

farmer nfast adj + adv

February nfeel vfeel like vfetch vfew adj

fifteenth adj

fifty num

finish vfire nfireman/woman nfire station nflag n

flour nfog nfoggy adj

follow vfootballer nforget v

fork nforty num

fourteenth adj

fridge nfriendly adj

from prep

front nfull (of) adj

future n

F

language nlate adj + adv

later adv

leave vleft (direction) adj + n

let v

let’s vletter (send a letter) nlie (down) v

light nlight adj

little adj

London nlook for vlook like v

lose vlovely adj

low adj

L

Geography nget vget off v

get on vget to vglass n

glove nglue n + v

go out v

going to vgold n + adj

golf n

group nguess v

G

half nhappen vhard adj + adv

Harry n

hate vhave a wash v

hear vheavy adj

Helen n

high adj

hill nHistory n

horrible adj

hotel nhour n

hundred num

husband n

H

ice nif conj

ill adj

important adj

insect ninteresting adj

into prep

I

jam nJanuary n

job njournalist n

July nJune n

just adv

J

Katy n key n kilometres n kind adj knife n

K

Flyers

29

magazine nmade ofmake vmany adj

March n

married adj

Maths nMay nmay vmeal n

mechanic nmedicine nmeet vmeeting nmetal adj + n

Michael nmidday nmidnight nmight vmind v

minute nmissing adj

mix vmoney nmonth n

much pron + adv +

det

museum n

M

near adv + prep

news nnewspaper nnext adj

nice adj

nineteenth adj

ninety num

noisy adj

no-one pron

November nnowhere adv

nurse n

N

o’clock adv

October noctopus nof course (not) adv

office nonce adv

open adj

other adj

over adv + prep

O

p.m. painter npaper n + adj

past prep

pepper n

perhaps adv

photographer npiece npilot npizza n

planet nplastic n + adj

plate nplayer n (CD player)pocket n

policeman/woman npolice station npoor adj

post vpostcard n

post office nprefer vpresent nproblem nprogramme n

pull vpush vpyramid n

P

quarter n queen n

Q

race n + v

ready adj

remember vrestaurant n

rich adj

Richard nright (direction)

adj + n

rucksack n

R

salad nsalt nsame adj

Sarah nScience nscissors nscore vsecret nsecretary nsell vsend v

September nseventeenth adj

seventy num

shelf nshorts nshould vsilver n + adj

since prep

singer nsingle adj

sixty num

ski vsky nsledge n + v

smell (like) v

snack nsnowball nsnowman nso adv + conj

soap nsoft adj

someone pron

somewhere adv

soon adv

sound (like) vspace nspeak vspoon nspot nspring nstamp nstation nstay v

steal vstill adv

storm nstraight on adv

strange adj

stripe nstudent nstudy vsubject nsuddenly adv

sugar n

suitcase nsummer nsure adj

surname nswan nsweet nswing n + v

S

take (time) vtape recorder ntaste (like) vtaxi nteach vteam n

telephone ntennis player ntent nthank vtheatre nthirteenth adj

thirtieth adj

thirty num

thousand num

through prep

tidy v + adj

tights n pl

time ntogether adv

toilet ntomorrow n + adv

tonight n + adv

too adv

torch ntraffic nturn tr + intr v

turn off vturn on vtwelfth adj

twentieth adj

twenty-first adj

twice adv

T

umbrella nunfriendly adj

unhappy adj

uniform nuniversity nuntidy adj

until prep

use vusually adv

U

vegetable n visit v volleyball n

V

warm adj

way nwhat’s it like?

whisper vwhistle vwife n

will vWilliam nwin v

winter nwish n + v

without prep

won’t vwood nwool n

W


X

year n yet adv

Y

zero n

Z

30

Flyers

Flyers thematic vocabulary list

butterfly camel dinosaur insect octopus swan

Animals

(No additional words at this level)


belt glove pocket shorts tights uniform

Clothes

BettyDavidEmma

HarryHelenhusband

KatymarriedMichael

RichardSarahsurname

wifeWilliam


castlecave

futureplanet

secretspace

strangewish

Folklore and fantasy

biscuitbutterchocolatechopsticks

dinnerflourforkjam

knifemealpepperpizza

platesaladsaltsnack

spoonsugarsweetvegetable

Food and cooking

chemist’s doctor ill medicine nurse

Health

cooker fridge shelf telephone toilet

The home

actor/actressairportambulanceartistbusiness

businessman/womancircuscookdentistdoctor

engineerfactoryfarmerfireman/womanfootballer

jobjournalistmechanicmeetingnews

newspapernurseofficepainterphotographer

pilotpoliceman/womansecretarysingertennis player


airportbookshopbridgebus stopchemist’s

circusclubcollegecornerend

fire stationfrontget tokilometresleft

Londonmuseumoverpolice stationpost office

restaurantrightstationstraight onstreet

theatreway

Places and directions

artbinclubcollege

competitiondictionaryexam (examination)Geography

gluegroupHistorylanguage

MathsSciencescissorsshelf

studentsubjectteamuniversity

School and education

diarydrumgolf

hotelprogrammepyramid

racerucksacksledge

snowballsnowmansuitcase

tenttorchvolleyball

Sports, leisure and holidays

ambulance bicycle taxi traffic

Transport

fog foggy ice sky storm

Weather

airbridge

caveenvironment

firehill

skyspace

The world around us

Flyers

gold silver spot stripe

Colours and Patterns

brushcard (birthday)combenvelope

flagkeylight(s)magazine

moneynewspaperpaperplayer (CD player)

postcardpresentproblemqueen

soapstampswingtape recorder

telephonetorchumbrella


Cardinals: 21–1000 Ordinals: 11th–31st zero

Numbers

a fewa piece of

enoughfew

halfmany

muchquarter

Quantity and measuring

feel like look like smell like sound like taste like

The senses

cardglass

goldmetal

paperplastic

silverwood

wool

a.m.agocenturydate

earlyfuturehalfhour

latelatermiddaymidnight

minutemontho’clockpast

p.m.quartertimetomorrow

tonight

Materials

Time

JanuaryFebruaryMarchApril

MayJuneJulyAugust

SeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

ChristmasEasterspringsummer

autumnwinteryear

The year

Excellent! Of course (not)! What’s it like?

Formulaic expressions

eachearlyboringbrokencheapclevercloseddangerousdarkdear (as in

‘Dear John’)

dryelseemptyenoughexcellentexpensiveextinctfarfastfew (a few)friendly

full (of)goldhardheavyhighhorribleillimportantinterestingkindlate

left (direction)lightlittlelovelylowmanymarriedmetalmissingnextnice

noisyopenotherpaperplasticpoorreadyrichright (direction)samesilver

singlesoftstrangesuretidyunfriendlyunhappyuntidywarm

Adjectives

agoall rightalreadyalsoanywhereaway

earlyevereverywherefarfasthard

justlatelatermuchnearnowhere

of course (not)onceoverperhapssosomewhere

soonstillstraight onsuddenlytogethertomorrow

tonighttootwiceusuallyyet

Adverbs

acrossduring

farfrom

intonear

overpast

sincethrough

untilwithout

Prepositions

anyoneanything

eachelse

enougheveryone

everythingmuch

no-onesomeone

Pronouns

if so

Conjunctions

31

32

Flyers

beginbreakbringburncouldcutfall

fall overfeel (like)forgetgetget (off/on/to)go outgoing to

have a washhearleaveletlet’slie downlose

makemaymeetmightsellsendshould

smell (like)speakstealswingtake timeteachwill

winwon’t

Verbs – irregular

agreearriveask forbelievebrushburncall (what’s x called?)camp

combdecideendexplainfetchfinishfollowglue

guesshappenhatelook (for)look (like)mindmixpost

preferpullpushracerememberscoreskisledge

sound (like)staystudytastetaste (like)thanktidyturn

turn (off/on)usevisitwhisperwhistlewish

Verbs – regular

Starters and Movers

33

Starters and Movers alphabetic vocabulary list

s – first appears at Startersm – first appears at Movers

s a det

m a lot adv

m a lot of det

m about prep

m above prep

s add v

m address nm afraid adj

m after prep

s afternoon ns again adv

m age n

m a lot adv

m all adj + pron +

det

m all right inter

s alphabet nm always adv

s am v

s an det

s and conj

s animal ns Ann nm another adj

s answer n + v

m any det

m apartment n

(flat GB)s apple ns are v

s arm ns armchair ns ask vs at prep

m aunt n

A

s baby nm back nm bad adj

m badly adv

s badminton ns bag nm balcony ns ball ns banana nm bank ns baseball n

m basement ns basketball nm bat ns bath ns bathroom ns be vs beach ns bean nm bear n

m beard ns beautiful adj

m because conj

s bed ns bedroom nm before adv +

prep

s behind prep

m below prep

s Ben nm best adj

m better adj

s between prep

s big adj

s bike ns Bill ns bird ns birthday ns black adj

m blanket nm blond(e) adj

s blue adj

s board ns boat n

s body ns book ns bookcase nm bottle (of) nm bottom ns bounce vm bowl (of) ns box ns boy ns bread ns breakfast n

s brother ns brown adj

s burger ns bus nm bus station nm but conj

m buy vm by prep

s bye (-bye)

B

m CD nm CD player nm café ns cake ns camera ns can/cannot/can’t vs car nm careful adj

m carefully adv

s carrot n

m carry vs cat nm catch (a bus) vs catch vs chair nm cheese ns chicken ns child/children nm choose vm cinema n

m city ns class ns classroom ns clean adj

s clean v e.g. (his/her teeth)

m climb vs clock ns close vs clothes n

m cloud nm cloudy adj

m clown nm coat ns coconut nm coffee nm cold adj + n

s colour ns colour (in) vm come v

m comic n

(USA comic book)s computer nm cook vs correct adj

m cough nm country(side) nm cousin ns cow ns crocodile n

s cross n + v

m cry vm cup (of) ns cupboard nm curly adj

C

s dad(dy) nm Daisy nm dance vm daughter n

s day ns desk nm difference nm different adj

m difficult adj

s dining room ns dirty adj

s do/don’t v

s dog ns doll nm dolphin ns door n

s double adj

m down adv + prep

m downstairs adv

s draw v

s drawing ns dress ns drink n + v

s duck n

D

s ear nm earache nm easy adj

s eat v

s egg ns eight num

m eighteen num

m eighth adj

s elephant nm eleven num

m end ns English n + adj

s enjoy vs eraser nm evening nm every det + adj

s example nm excuse me! excl

s eye n

E

s face nm fair adj

s family n

m famous adj

m fan nm farm n

m fat adj

s father ns favourite adj

m field nm fifteen num

m fifth adj

m film ns find v

m fine adj

m fine! inter

m first adj + adv

s fish (s + pl) nm fish vs fishings five num

m flatm floor (ground, 1st,

2nd, 3rd etc.) ns floor ns flower nm fly ns fly v

s food ns foot/feet ns football ns for prep

m forest ns four num

m fourteen num

m fourth adj

m Fred ns French fries nm Friday ns friend ns frog nm fruit n

F

s game ns garden nm get un /dressed vm get up vs giraffe n

s girl ns give vm glass (of) ns glasses ns go v

s goat ns good adj

m Good morning/afternoon/ evening/night

s good-bye m granddaughter ns grandfather ns grandmother nm grandparent n

m grandson nm grass nm great! inter

s green adj

s grey (or gray) adj

m ground n + adj

s guitar n

G

34

Starters and Movers

s hair ns hall ns hand ns handbag ns happy adj

s hat ns have (got) vs have a bath v

m have a shower vm have a party vs have a drink/food vm have a wash vm have (got) to vs he pron

s head nm headache n

s helicopter ns hello m help vs her pron

s hers pron

s here adv

s him pron

s hippo n

s his pron

s hit vs hobby ns hockey nm holiday nm home nm homework nm hop v

s horse nm hospital nm hot adj

s house nm how adv

m how about…?s how many int

m how much adv

m how often adv

s how old int

m hungry adj

m hurt v

H

s I pron

s ice-cream ns in prep of placem in prep of time

s in front of prep

m inside prep + adv

s is vm island n

s it pron

s its pron

I

s jacket nm Jane n

s jeans nm Jill n

m Jim nm John n

s juice ns jump

m jungle n

J

m kangaroo nm kick n

s kick vs Kim n

m kind (type) ns kitchen n

s kite n s know (don’t know)v

K

m lake ns lamp nm last adj + adv

m laugh vm leaf/leaves ns learn v

s leg ns lemon ns lemonade ns lesson ns letter

(as in alphabet) n

m library nm lift n

(USA elevator) s like v + prep

s lime ns line n

m lion ns listen (to) vs live vs living room ns lizard ns long adj

s look vs look at v

s a lot adv

s a lot of det

s a lorry n

m loud adj

m loudly adv

s love vs lunch n

L

s man ns mango nm map nm market nm Mary ns mat nm matter n

s May (girl’s name)n

s me pron

m mean vs meat ns men ns milk n

m mine pron

s mirror ns Miss m mistake nm Monday ns monkey n

s monster n

m moon n

m more adj + pron

+ adv

m morning nm most adj + pron

+ adv

s mother n

s motorbike nm mountain ns mouse/mice nm moustache n

s mouth nm move vs Mr

s Mrs s mum(my) nm music nm must/must not/

mustn’t vs my pron + det

M

s name nm neck nm need v

m never adv

s new adj

s next to prep

s Nick ns night ns nine num

m nineteen num

m ninth adj

s no det

s nose ns not adv

m nothing pron

s now adv + dis

s number n

N

s of prep

m off adv

m often adv

s oh inter + dis

s OK dis

m OK inter

s old adj

s on (of place) prep

m on adv

m on prep of times one num

m one pron

s onion nm only adv

s open vm opposite prep

s or conj

s orange n + adj

s our adj

m ours pron

m out adv

m out of prep

m outside adv +

prep

O

s page ns paint n + v

s painting nm panda ns pardon? inter

m parent nm park n

m parrot ns part nm party nm pasta ns Pat nm Paul ns pea n

s pear ns pen ns pencil nm person/people nm pet nm Peter ns phone n + v

s photo ns piano ns pick up vm picnic ns picture ns pineapple ns pink adj

m pirate nm place ns plane nm plant ns play (with) v tr +

intr

m playground n

s please inter

s point vs point to vs potato ns purple adj

s put vm put on v

P

s question n m quick adj m quickly adv m quiet adj m quietly adv

Q

m rabbit ns radio nm rain n + v

m rainbow n

s read vs red adj

s rice ns ride n + v

s right (correct) adj + dis

m river nm road n

s robot nm rock ns room nm round adj

s ruler ns run v

R

Starters and Movers

35

s sad adj

m sail vm Sally ns Sam nm sandwich nm Saturday ns sausage ns say vm scarf ns school ns sea nm second adj

s see vs sentence n

s seven num

m seventeen num

m seventh adj

m shall vm shark ns she pron

s sheep (s + pl) ns shirt ns shoe nm shop n + v

s short adj

m shoulder nm shout vs show v

m shower n(have a shower) v

s sing vs sister ns sit (down) vs six num

m sixteen num

m sixth adj

m skate n + v

m skip vs skirt ns sleep vm slow(ly) adj (adv)

s small adj

s snake nm snow n + v

s so dis

s soccer ns sock ns sofa ns some det

m something pron

m sometimes adv

m son ns song ns sorry inter + adj

m soup ns spell v

s spider ns sport nm square adj

m stair(s) ns stand (up) vm star ns start vm stomach nm stomach-ache ns stop vs story nm straight adj

s street nm strong adj

s Sue ns sun nm Sunday nm sunny adj

m supermarket ns supper nm sweater ns swim v

m swimming pool n

S

s T-shirt ns table ns table tennis nm take vm take pictures/

photos vm take a bus vm take off (= get

undressed) vs talk vm tall adj

m tea n

s teacher n

s television/TV ns tell vm temperature ns ten num

s tennis n

m tenth num

s test n + v

m text nm than conj

s thank you s thanks

s that det + pron

s the det

s their det

m theirs pron

s them pron

m then adv + conj

s then dis

s there dummy

subject

s there adv

s these det + pron

s they pron

m thin adj

m thing nm think v

m third adj

m thirsty adj

m thirteen num

s this det + pron

s those adj + pron

+ det

s three num

s throw vm Thursday n

s tick n + v

s tiger nm tired adj

s to prep

s today n + adv

s Tom ns tomato nm tooth/teeth n

m toothache nm toothbrush nm top nm towel n

m town ns toy ns train nm treasure ns tree ns trousers ns try vm Tuesday nm twelve num

m twenty num

s two num

T

s ugly adj

m uncle ns under prep

s understand vm up adv + pron

m upstairs adv

s us pron

U

s very adv m video n m village n

V

m wait vm wake (up) vs walk vs wall ns want vm wash n + v

s watch n + v

s water n

m waterfall ns watermelon ns we pron

m weak adj

s wear vm weather nm Wednesday nm week n

m weekend ns well dis

m well adj + adv

m wet adj

m whale ns what int

m what about…?

m what’s thematter? int

m when adv

s where int

s which int

m which pron

s white adj

s who int

s whose int

m why int

s window nm wind nm windy adj

s with prep

s woman/women ns word n

m work n + v

m world nm worse adj

m worst adj

m would/n’t (like) vs write vm wrong adj

W


X

s yellow adj

s yes m yesterday n + adj

s you pron

s young adj

s your pron + adj

m yours pron

Y

m zoo n

Z

Starters and Movers

Combined Starters and Movers thematic vocabulary list

s – first appears at Startersm – first appears at Movers

s animalm batm bears birds cats chicken

s cows crocodiles dogm dolphins ducks elephant

s fish (s + pl)m flys frogs giraffes goats hippo

s horsem kangaroom lions lizards monkeys mouse/mice

m pandam parrotm petm rabbitm sharks sheep (s + pl)

s snakes spiders tigerm whale

Animals

s armm backm beardm blond(e)

s bodym curlys ears eye

s facem fairs foot/feets hair

s hands heads legm moustache

s mouthm necks nosem shoulder

m stomachm straightm tooth/teeth


s clothesm coats dress

s glassess handbags hat

s jackets jeansm scarf

s shirts shoes skirt

s sockm sweaters T-shirt

s trouserss wear

Clothes

s Annm aunts babys Bens Bills birthdays boys brothers child/childrenm cousins dad(dy)m Daisy

m daughters familys fatherm Freds friends girlm granddaughters grandfathers grandmotherm grandparentm grandsons happy (birthday)

s hes hers hims hiss Im Janem Jillm Jimm Johns Kims lives man/men

m Marys Mays mes Misss mothers Mrs Mrss mum(my)s mys names Nicks old

m parents Patm Paulm person/peoplem Peterm Sallys Sams shes sisterm sons Sues their

s thems theys Tomm uncles uss wes woman/womens yous youngs your


s apples bananas beans breads breakfasts burgers cakes carrot

m cheeses chickens coconutm coffees drink (n & v)s eats eggs fish

s foods French friesm fruits ice-creams juices lemons lemonades lime

s lunchs mangos meats milks onions orangem pastas pea

s pearm picnics pineapples potatos ricem sandwichs sausagem soup

s supperm teas tomatos waters watermelon

Food and drink

m coldm coughm earache

m finem headache

m matter (what’s the matter?)

m stomach-ache

m temperaturem toothache

Health

m addressm apartments armchairm balconym basements baths bathrooms bed

s bedrooms bookcases boxs cameras chairs clocks cupboards dining room

s dolls doorm downstairsm flatm floors flowers gardens hall

m homes houses kitchens lampm lift (USA elevator)s living rooms mats mirror

s phones radios roomm showers sleeps sofam stairss table

s television/TVs toys treem upstairss watchs window

The home

s badmintons balls baseballs basketballs beachs book

s bounces cameram CDm comic/comic books dolls draw(ing)

s enjoys favouritem films fish(ing)s footballs game

s guitars hits hobbys hockeym holidaym kick

s kites listen (to)m musics paint(ing)m partys photo

s pianos pictures play (with)s radios reads run

Leisure-time activites

36

Starters and Movers

37

s singm skates soccer

s songs sports story

s swimm swimming pools table tennis

s television/TVs tenniss toy

m video

m bankm bus stationm café

m cinemam farmm hospital

m librarym marketm park

m playgroundm shopm supermarket

m zoo

Local places

m clown m pirate m work


s alphabets answers asks boards books bookcases classs classrooms close

s colours colour (in)s corrects cross s desks draws Englishs erasers example

s finds floorm homeworks know (don’t know)s learns lessons letters lines listen (to)

s lookm mistakes nos numbers opens pages parts pens pencil

s picturem playgrounds questions reads rights rulers schools sentences teacher

s tells testm texts ticks understands walls words writes yes


s bikes boats bus

s cars flys go

s helicopters lorrys motorbike

s planes rides run

s swims trains walk

Transport

m cloudm cloudy

m rainm rainbow

m snowm sunny

m weatherm wind

m windy

Weather

m citym country(side)m fieldm forest

m grassm groundm islandm jungle

m lakem leaf/leavesm moonm mountain

m plantm riverm roadm rock

m stars streetm townm village

m waterfallm world

The world around us

s blacks blue

s browns green

s grey (or gray)s orange

s pinks purple

s reds white

s yellow

Colours

s ats behind

s betweens here

s ins in front of

s next tos on

s theres under


m ages bagm blanketm bottom

s boxs computers daym difference

s endm fanm kind (type)m map

s monsters nightm places robot

s seas sunm thingm toothbrush

m topm towelm treasurem wash


m Cardinals: 11–20 m Ordinals: 1st–10th

Numbers

m bottle (of) m bowl (of) m cup (of) m glass (of)

Containers

m afters afternoonm alwaysm before

m eveningm everym morningm never

m sometimesm todaym weekm weekend

m yesterday The days of the week:m Mondaym Tuesdaym Wednesday

m Thursdaym Fridaym Saturdaym Sunday

Time expressions

m all rights bye (-bye)m excuse me!

m good morning/ afternoon/ evening/night

s good-byem Great!s Happy birthday!

s here you ares hellom how about…?

m I didn’t under-stand/hear you

s I don’t know

s nos ohs OK


38

Starters and Movers

s pardon?s pleases right

s sos sorrys thank you

s thankss thens well

m what about…?m What did you

say?

m What’s the matter?

s yes

m afraidm allm anym bads beautifulm bestm betters bigm carefuls clean

m coldm differentm difficults dirtys doublem easys Englishm everym famousm fat

s favouritem fines goodm ground (floor)s happym hotm hungrym lasts longm loud

m morem mosts news oldm quickm quiets right (correct)m rounds sads short

m slows smalls sorrym squarem straightm strongm tallm thinm thirstym tired

s uglym weakm wellm wetm worsem worstm wrongs youngs your

Adjectives

s a/anm a lot ofm all

m anotherm anym every

s mys nos some

s thats thes their

s theses thiss those

Determiners

m a lots againm alwaysm badlym beforem carefullym down

m downstairss herem howm how muchm how oftenm insidem last

m loudlym morem mostm nevers nots nowm off

m oftenm onlym outm outsidem quicklym quietlym slowly

m sometimesm thens theres today m upm upstairss very

m wellm when

Adverbs

m aboutm abovem afters atm before

s behindm belows betweenm bym down

s fors ins in front ofm insides like

s next tos ofm offs onm on (time)

m oppositem out ofm outsides tos under

s with

Prepositions

m alls hes hers herss him

s hiss Is its itss me

m minem morem mostm nothingm ours

s shem somethings thatm theirss them

s theses theys thiss thoses us

s wem whichs yous yourm yours

Pronouns

s andm because

m buts or

m thanm then

m when

Conjunctions

s bem buys can/cannot/can’ts catchm catch (a bus)m choosem comes do/don’ts draw

s drinks eats finds flym get (un)dressedm get ups gives gos have (got)

m have (got) tos have a baths have a drinks have (food)m have a partym have a showerm have a washs hitm hurt

s knows learns putm meanm mustm put ons reads rides run

s says sees sings sit (down)s sleeps spells stand (up)s swimm take

m take offm take picturess throws understandm wake ups wears write

Verbs – irregular

s adds answers askm carrys closes cleanm climbs closes colour

m cooks crossm crym dances enjoym fishm helpm hops jump

s kickm laughs learns likes listen (to)s lives looks loves open

s paints phones pick ups play (with)s pointm needm rainm sailm shop

m shouts showm skatem snows starts stops talks ticks try

s walkm waits wants watchm washm work

Verbs – regular

Starters, Movers and Flyers

39

Combined Starters, Movers and Flyers alphabetic vocabulary list

s – first appears at Startersm – first appears at Moversf – first appears at Flyers

s a det

f a few det

a little adv

m a lot adv

m a lot of det

f a.m. adv

f a piece of adj

m about prep

m above prep

f across prep

f actor nf actress ns add vm address nm afraid adj

m after prep

s afternoon ns again adv

m age nf ago adv

f agree vf air nf airport nm all adj + det +

pron

m all right adv +

inter

s alphabet nf already adv

f also adv

m always adv

s am v

f ambulance ns an det

s and conj

s animal ns Ann nm another adj

s answer n + v

m any adj + det

f anyone pron

f anything pron

f anywhere adv

m apartment n

(flat)s apple nf April ns are v

s arm ns armchair n

f arrive vf art nf artist ns ask vf ask (for) vs at prep

f August nm aunt nf autumn nf away adv

A

Bs baby nm back nm bad adj

m badly adv

s badminton ns bag nm balcony ns ball ns banana nm bank ns baseball nm basement ns basketball nm bat ns bath n

s bathroom ns be vs beach ns bean nm bear n

m beard ns beautiful adj

m because conj

s bed ns bedroom nm before adv +

prep

f begin vs behind prep

f believe v

m below prep

f belt ns Ben nm best adj

m better adj

f Betty n

s between prep

f bicycle ns big adj

s bike ns Bill nf bin ns bird ns birthday nf biscuit n

s black adj

m blanket nm blond(e) adj

s blue adj

s board ns boat ns body ns book ns bookcase nf bookshop nf boring adj

m bottle (of) nm bottom ns bounce vm bowl (of) n

s box ns boy ns bread nf break vs breakfast nf bridge nf bring vf broken adj

s brother ns brown adj

f brush n + v

f business nf businessman/

woman ns burger n

f burn vs bus nm bus station nf bus stop nm but conj

f butter nf butterfly nm buy vm by prep

s bye (-bye)

m CD nm café ns cake nf call (what is ‘X’

called?) vf camel ns camera nf camp vs can/cannot/can’t vs car nf card (birthday) nm careful adj

m carefully adv

s carrot nm carry vf castle ns cat nm catch (a bus) vs catch vf cave nf century ns chair nf cheap adj

m cheese nf chemist

(chemist’s) n

s chicken ns child/children nf chocolate nm choose vf chopsticks nf Christmas nm cinema nf circus nm city ns class ns classroom ns clean adj + v

f clever adj

m climb vs clock ns close vf closed adj

s clothes nm cloud nm cloudy adj

m clown nf club nm coat ns coconut nm coffee nm cold adj + n

f college ns colour ns colour (in) vf comb n + v

m come vm comic n

(USA comic book)f competition ns computer nm cook vf cook nf cooker nf corner n

s correct adj

m cough nf could vm country(side) nm cousin ns cow ns crocodile ns cross n + v

m cry vm cup (of) ns cupboard nm curly adj

f cut v

C

s dad(dy) nm Daisy nm dance vf dangerous adj

f dark adj

f date nm daughter n

f David n

s day nf dear adj (as in

‘Dear John’)f December nf decide vf dentist n

s desk nf diary nf dictionary nm difference nm different adj

m difficult adj

s dining room n

f dinner nf dinosaur ns dirty adj

s do/don’t vf doctor ns dog ns doll n

m dolphin ns door ns double adj

m down adv + prep

m downstairs adv

s draw vs drawing n

s dress ns drink n + v

f drum nf dry adj

s duck nf during prep

D

f each pron + adj

s ear nm earache nf early adj + adv

f Easter nm easy adj

s eat vs egg n

s eight num

m eighteen num

f eighteenth adj

m eighth adj

f eighty num

s elephant nm eleven num

f eleventh adj

f else pron

f Emma n

f empty adj

s end nf engineer ns English n + adj

s enjoy vf enough adj + pron

f envelope nf environment

(the) ns eraser nm evening nf ever adv

m every adj + det

f everyone pron

f everything pron

f everywhere adv

f exam (examination) n

s example nf excellent adj +

inter

m excuse me! inter

f expensive adj

f explain vf extinct adj

s eye n

E

40


s face nf factory nm fair adj

f fall vf fall over vs family n

m famous adj

m fan nf far adv + prep

m farm n

f farmer nf fast adj + adv

m fat adj

s father ns favourite adj

f February nf feel v

f feel like vf fetch vf few adj

m field nm fifteen num

f fifteenth adj

m fifth adj

f fifty num

m film n

s find vm fine adj

f finish vf fire nf fireman/woman nf firestation nm first adj + adv

s fish (s + pl) nm fish v

s fishing n

s five num

f flag nm flat n

m floor (ground, 1st, 2nd, 3rd etc.) n

s floor nf flour ns flower ns fly vm fly n

f fog nf foggy adj

f follow vs food ns foot/feet ns football n

f footballer ns for prep

m forest nf forget vf fork nf forty num

s four num

m fourteen num

f fourteenth adj

m fourth adj

m Fred ns French fries nm Friday n

s friend nf friendly adj

f fridge n

s frog nf from prep

f front nm fruit nf full (of) adj

f future n

F

s game ns garden nf Geography nf get vf get off vf get on vf get to v

m get un/dressed vm get up vs giraffe ns girl ns give vf glass nm glass (of) n

s glasses nf glove nf glue n + v

s go vf go out vs goat nf going to v

f gold n + adj

f golf ns good adj

s good-bye m good morning/

afternoon/ evening/night inter

m granddaughter ns grandfather ns grandmother nm grandparent nm grandson nm grass nm great! inter

s green adj

s grey (or gray) adj

m ground n + adj

f group nf guess vs guitar n

G

s hair nf half ns hall ns hand ns handbag nf happen vs happy adj

f hard adj + adv

f Harry n

s hat n

f hate vs have a bath vm have a shower vm have a party vm have a wash vs have a drink/food v

s have (got) vm have (got) to vs he pron

s head n

m headache nf hear vf heavy adj

f Helen ns helicopter ns hello m help vs her pron

s hers pron

s here adv

f high adj

f hill ns him pron

s hippo ns his pron

f History ns hit vs hobby ns hockey nm holiday(s) n

m home nm homework nm hop vf horrible adj

s horse nm hospital nm hot adj

f hotel nf hour ns house n

m how adv

m how about…?s how many int

m how much adv

m how often adv

s how old int

f hundred num

m hungry adj

m hurt vf husband n

H

s I pron

f ice ns ice cream n

f if conj

f ill adj

f important adj

s in prep of places in front of prep

m in prep of time

f insect nm inside prep + adv

f interesting adj

f into prep

s is vm island n

s it pron

s its pron

I

s jacket nf jam nm Jane n

f January ns jeans nm Jill n

m Jim nf job nm John n

f journalist ns juice nf July n

s jump vf June nm jungle n

f just adv

J

m kangaroo nf Katy n

f key n

m kick ns kick vf kilometres n

s Kim nm kind (= type) nf kind adj

s kitchen ns kite nf knife n

s know(don’t know) v

K

m lake ns lamp nf language nm last adj + adv

f late adj +adv

f later adv

m laugh vm leaf/leaves ns learn v

f leave vf left (direction)

adj + n

s leg ns lemon ns lemonade ns lesson nf let vf let’s v

s letter (as in alphabet) n

f letter (send a letter) n

m library nf lie (down) vm lift (USA

elevator) n

f light adj + n

s like v + prep

s lime ns line nm lion ns listen (to) vf little adj

s live v

s living room ns lizard n

f London ns long adj

s look vs look at vf look for vf look like vs lorry nf lose vm a lot det + adv

m loud adj

m loudly adv

s love vf lovely adj

f low adj

s lunch n

L

f magazine nf made off make vs man/men ns mango nf many det

m map nf March nm market nf married adj

m Mary ns mat n

f Maths nm matter n (what’s

the matter?)s May (girl’s name)nf May nf may v

s me pron

f meal nm mean vs meat nf mechanic nf medicine n

f meet vf meeting nf metal adj + n

f Michaelf midday nf midnight n

s milk nf might vf mind vm mine pron

f minute ns mirror n

M


41

s Miss nf missing adj

m mistake nf mix vm Monday n

f money ns monkey n

s monster nf month nm moon n

m more adj + adv

m morning nm most adj + adv

s mother ns motorbike n

m mountain ns mouse/mice nm moustache n

s mouth nm move v

s Mr ns Mrs nf much det + adv

s mum(my) nf museum n

m music nm must/must not/

mustn’t vs my det

s name nf near adv + prep

m neck nm need vm never adv

s new adj

f news nf newspaper nf next adj

s next to prep

f nice adj

s Nick ns night ns nine num

m nineteen num

f nineteenth adj

f ninety num

m ninth adj

s no det

f no-one pron

f noisy adj

s nose ns not adv

m nothing pron

f November n

s now adv + dis

f nowhere adv

s number nf nurse n

N

f o’clock adv

f October nf octopus ns of prep

f of course (not) adv

m off adv

f office nm often adv

s oh inter + dis

s OK dis

m OK inter

s old adj

s on prep of placem on prep of timef once adv

s one num

m one pron

s onion n

m only adv

s open vf open adj

m opposite prep

s or conj

s orange n + adj

f other adj

s our adj

m ours pron

m out adv

m out of prep

m outside adv +prep

f over adv + prep

O

f p.m. s page ns paint n + v

f painter ns painting nm panda nf paper n + adj

s pardon inter

m parent nm park nm parrot ns part n

m party nf past prep

m pasta ns Pat nm Paul ns pea ns pear ns pen ns pencil nf pepper nf perhaps adv

m person/people n

m pet nm Peter ns phone n + v

s photo nf photographer ns piano ns pick up vm picnic ns picture nf piece nf pilot ns pineapple n

s pink adj

m pirate nf pizza nm place ns plane nf planet nm plant nf plastic n + adj

f plate ns play (with)

vtr + intr

f player (CD player)n

m playground ns please inter

f pocket ns point vs point to vf police man/

woman nf police station nf poor adj

f post vf postcard nf post office n

s potato nf prefer vf present nf problem nf programme nf pull vs purple adj

f push vs put vm put on vf pyramid n

P

f quarter nf queen n

s question nm quick adj

m quickly adv

m quiet adj

m quietly adv

Q

m rabbit nf race n + v

s radio nm rain n + v

m rainbow n

s read vf ready adj

s red adj

f remember vf restaurant n

s rice nf rich adj

f Richard n

s ride v + n

s right (correct) adj + dis

f right (direction)adj + n

m river n

m road ns robot nm rock ns room nm round adj

f rucksack ns ruler ns run v

R

s sad adj

m sail vf salad nm Sally nf salt ns Sam nf same adj

m sandwich nf Sarah n

m Saturday ns sausage ns say vm scarf ns school nf Science nf scissors nf score vs sea nm second adj

f secret nf secretary ns see vf sell vf send v

s sentence nf September ns seven num

m seventeen num

f seventeenth adj

m seventh adj

f seventy num

m shall vm shark ns she pron

s sheep (s + pl) n

f shelf ns shirt ns shoe nm shop n + v

s short adj

f shorts nf should vm shoulder nm shout vs show vm shower n

(have a shower) vf silver n + adj

f since prep

s sing vf singer nf single adj

s sister ns sit (down) vs six num

m sixteen num

m sixth adj

f sixty num

m skate n + v

f ski vm skip vs skirt nf sky nf sledge n + v

s sleep vm slow adj

m slowly adv

s small adj

f smell (like) vtr +

intr

f snack ns snake n

m snow n + v

f snowball nf snowman nf so adv + conj

s so dis

f soap ns soccer ns sock ns sofa nf soft adj

s some det

f someone pron

m something pron

m sometimes adv

f somewhere adv

m son ns song nf soon adv

s sorry inter + adj

f sound (like) vm soup nf space nf speak v

s spell v

s spider nf spoon ns sport nf spot nf spring nm square adj + n

m stair(s) nf stamp ns stand (up) vm star ns start vf station n

f stay vf steal vf still adv

m stomach nm stomach-ache ns stop n + v

f storm ns story nm straight adj

f straight on adv

f strange adj

s street n

f stripe nm strong adj

f student nf study vf subject nf suddenly adv

s Sue nf sugar nf suitcase nf summer ns sun nm Sunday nm sunny adj

m supermarket ns supper nf sure adj

f surname nf swan nm sweater nf sweet ns swim v

m swimming pool n

f swing n + v

S

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s T-shirt ns table ns table tennis nm take vm take a bus vm take pictures vm take off

(get undressed) vf take times talk vm tall adj

f tape recorder nf taste like vf taxi nm tea nf teach vs teacher n

f team n

f telephone ns television/TV ns tell vm temperature ns ten num

s tennis n

f tennis player nf tent nm tenth num

s test n + v

m text nm than conj

f thank vs thank you inter

s thankss that adj + det +

pron

s the det

f theatre ns their det

m theirs pron

s them pron

m then adv + conj

s then dis

s there dummy

subject

s there adv

s these adj + det +

pron

s they pron

m thin adj

m thing nm think v

m third adj

m thirsty adj

m thirteen num

f thirteenth adj

f thirtieth adj

f thirty num

s this adj + det +

pron

s those adj + det +

pron

f thousand num

s three num

f through prep

s throw vm Thursday ns tick n + v

f tidy v + adj

s tiger nf tights n pl

f time nm tired adj

s to prep

s today n + adv

f together adv

f toilet ns Tom ns tomato nf tomorrow n +

adv

f tonight n + adv

f too adv

m tooth/teeth n

m toothache nm toothbrush nm top nf torch nm towel nm town ns toy n

f traffic ns train nm treasure ns tree ns trousers ns try vm Tuesday nf turn (tr + intr) v

f turn off vf turn on vf twelfth adj

m twelve num

f twentieth adj

m twenty num

f twenty-first adj

f twice adv

s two num

T

s ugly adj

f umbrella nm uncle n

s under prep

s understand vf unfriendly adj

f unhappy adj

f uniform nf university n

f untidy adj

f until prep

m up adv + pron

m upstairs adv

s us pron

f use v

f usually adv

U

f vegetable n s very adv m video n m village n f visit v f volleyball n

V

m wait vm wake (up) vs walk vs wall ns want vf warm adj

m wash n + v

s watch n + v

s water nm waterfall n

s watermelon nf way ns we pron

m weak adj

s wear vm weather nm Wednesday nm week nm weekend nm well adv +adj

s well dis

m wet adj

m whale ns what int

f what’s it like?m what’s the

matter? int

m when int + conj

+ adv

s where int

s which int

m which pron

f whisper vf whistle vs white adj

s who int

s whose int

m why int

f wife nf will v

f William nf win vm wind ns window nm windy adj

f winter nf wish n + v

s with prep

f without prep

s woman/women n

f wood nf wool ns word nm work n + v

m world nm worse adj

m worst adj

m would/n’t (like) vs write vm wrong adj

W


X

f year ns yellow adj

s yes m yesterday n + adj

f yet adv

s you pron

s young adj

s your adj

m yours pron

Y

f zero n m zoo n

Z


43

Combined Starters, Movers and Flyers thematic vocabulary list

s – first appears at Startersm – first appears at Moversf – first appears at Flyers

s animalm batm bears birdf butterflyf camels cat

s chickens cows crocodilef dinosaurs dogm dolphins duck

s elephants fish (s + pl)m flys frogs giraffes goats hippo

s horsef insectm kangaroom lions lizards monkeys mouse/mice

f octopusm pandam parrotm petm rabbitm sharks sheep (s + pl)

s snakes spiderf swans tigerm whale

Animals

s armm backm beardm blond(e)

s bodym curlys ears eye

s facem fairs foot/feets hair

s hands heads legm moustache

s mouthm necks nosem shoulder

m stomachm straightm tooth/teeth


f belts clothesm coats dress

s glassesf gloves handbags hat

s jackets jeansf pocketm scarf

s shirts shoef shortss skirt

s sockm sweaters T-shirtf tights

s trousersf uniforms wear

Clothes

s Annm aunts babys Benf Bettys Bills birthdays boys brothers child/childrenm cousins dad(dy)m Daisym daughter

f Davidf Emmas familys fatherm Freds friends girlm granddaughters grandfathers grandmotherm grandparentm grandsonf Harrys he

f Helens hers hims hisf husbands Im Janem Jillm Jimm Johnf Katys Kims lives man/men

f marriedm Marys Mays mef Michaels Misss mothers Mrs Mrss mum(my)s mys names Nicks old

m parents Patm Paulm person/peoplem Peterf Richardm Sallys Samf Sarahs shes sisterm sons Suef surname

s theirs thems theys Tomm uncles uss wef wifef Williams woman/womens yous youngs your


f castlef cave

f futuref planet

f secretf space

f strangef wish

Folklore and fantasy

s apples bananas beanf biscuits breads breakfasts burgerf butters cakes carrotm cheese

s chickenf chocolatef chopstickss coconutm coffeef dinners drink (n + v)s eats eggs fishf flour

s foodf forks French friesm fruits ice-creamf jams juicef knifes lemons lemonades lime

s lunchs mangof meals meats milks onions orangem pastas peas pearf pepper

m picnics pineapplef pizzaf plates potatos ricef saladf saltm sandwichs sausagef snack

m soupf spoonf sugars supperf sweetm teas tomatof vegetables waters watermelon

Food and drink

f chemist (chemist’s)

m coldm cough

f dentistf doctorm earachem fine

m headachem hurtf hospitalf ill

m matter (what’s the matter?)

f medicine

f nursem stomach-achem temperaturem toothache

Health

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m addressm apartments armchairm balconym basements baths bathrooms beds bedroom

s bookcases boxs cameras chairs clockf cookers cupboards dining rooms doll

s doorm downstairsm flatm floors flowerf fridges gardens hallm home

s houses kitchens lampm lift (USA elevator)s living rooms mats mirrors phones radio

s roomf shelfm showers sleeps sofam stairss tablef telephones television/TV

f toilets toys treem upstairss watchs window

The home

f actor/actressf airportf ambulancef artistf businessf businessman/

woman

f circusm clownf cookf dentistf doctorf engineerf factory

f farmerf fireman/womanf footballerm hospitalf jobf journalistf mechanic

f meetingf newsf newspaperf nursef officef painterf photographer

f pilotm piratef police stationf policeman/womanf secretaryf singerf tennis player

m work


f airportm bankf bookshopf bridgem bus stationf bus stopm café

f chemist(’s)m cinemaf circusf clubf collegef cornerf end

m farmf fire stationf frontf get tom hospitalf kilometresf left

m libraryf Londonm marketf museumf overm parkm playground

f police stationf post officef restaurantf rightm roadm shopf station

f straight ons streetm supermarketm swimming poolf theatref waym zoo

Places and directions

s alphabets answerf arts askf bins boards books bookcases classs classrooms closef clubf college

s colours colour (in)f competitions corrects cross s deskf dictionarys draws Englishs eraserf exam

(examination)s example

s finds floorf Geographyf gluef groupf Historym homeworks know (don’t

know)f languages learns lesson

s letter (as in alphabet)

s lines listen (to)s lookf Mathsm mistakes nos numbers opens pages parts pen

s pencils picturem playgrounds questions reads right (correct)s rulers schoolf Sciencef scissorss sentencef shelff student

f subjects teachers tells testm texts ticks understandf universitys walls words writes yes


s badmintons balls baseballs basketballs beachs books bounces cameram CDm comic/comic

bookf diary

s dolls draw(ing)f drums enjoys favouritem films fish(ing)s footballs gamef golfs guitars hit

s hobbys hockeym holidayf hotels kick vm kick ns kites listen (to)m musics paint(ing)m partys photo

s pianos pictures play (with)f player (CD player)f programmef pyramidf races radios readf rucksacks runs sing

m skatef sledgef snowballf snowmans soccers songs storys sportf suitcases swims table tennisf team

s television/TVs tennisf tentf torchs toym videof volleyballs watch

Sports and leisure-time activities

f ambulancef bicycles bikes boat

s buss cars flys go

s helicopters lorrys motorbikes plane

s rides runs swimf taxi

f traffics trains walk

Transport

m cloudm cloudyf fog

f foggyf icem rain

m rainbowf skym snow

f stormm sunnym weather

m windm windy

Weather


45

f airf bridgef cavem citym country(side)f environment

m fieldf firem forestm grassm groundf hill

m islandm junglem lakem leaf/leavesm moonm mountain

m plantm riverm roadm rocks seaf sky

f spacem stars streets sunm townm village

m waterfallm world

The world around us

s blacks blues brown

f golds greens grey (or gray)

s oranges pinks purple

s redf silverf spot

f stripes whites yellow

Colours

s ats behind

s betweens here

s ins in front of

s next tos on

s theres under


m ages bagm blanketm bottoms boxf brushf card (birthday)f comb

s computers daym differencef envelopem fanf flagf keym kind (type)

f letter (send a letter)

f light(s)f magazinem mapf moneys monsterf newspaper

s nightf paperm placef postcardf presentf problemf queens robot

f secretf soapf stampf swingf tape recorderf telephonem thingm toothbrush

m topf torchm towelm treasuref umbrellam wash


m Ordinals:1st–10th f Ordinals:11th–31st f zero s Cardinals: 1–10 m Cardinals: 11–20 f Cardinals: 21–1000

Numbers

m bottle (of) m bowl (of) m cup (of) m glass (of)

Containers

f a fewf a little

f a piece off enough

f fewf half

f manyf much

f quarter

Quantity and measuring

f feel like f look like f smell like f sound like f taste like

The Senses

f cardf glass

f goldf metal

f paperf plastic

f silverf wood

f wool

Materials

f a.m.m afters afternoonf agom alwaysm beforef centuryf datef early

s endm eveningm everyf futuref halff hourf latef laterf midday

f midnightf minutef monthm morningm neverf o’clockf p.m.f pastf quarter

m sometimesf times todayf tomorrowf tonightm weekm weekendf yearm yesterday

The days of the week:m Sundaym Mondaym Tuesdaym Wednesdaym Thursdaym Fridaym Saturday

Time expressions

f Januaryf Februaryf Marchf April

f Mayf Junef Julyf August

f Septemberf Octoberf Novemberf December

f Christmasf Easterf springf summer

f autumnf winterf year

The year

m all rights bye (-bye)f excellent!m excuse me!m good morning/

afternoon/ evening/night

s good-byem Great!s Happy birthday!s hellos here you arem How about ....?

(suggestion)

m I didn’t understand/hear you

s I don’t knows nof of course (not)!s ohs OK

s pardon?s pleases rights sos so do Is sorrys thank you

s thankss thens wellm What a beautiful

day!m what about …?

m What did you say?

m What’s the matter?

s yes


46


m afraidm allm anym bads beautifulm bestm betters bigf boringf broken m carefulf cheaps cleanf cleverf closedm cloudym coldf dangerousf darkf dearm different

m difficults dirtys doublef dryf eachf earlym easyf emptyf enoughs Englishm everyf excellentf expensivef extinctm famousf fastm fats favouritef fewm finef friendly

f full (of)f golds goods happyf hardf heavyf highf horriblem hotm hungryf illf importantf interestingf kindm lastf latef left (direction)f lightf littles longm loud

f lovelyf lowf manyf marriedf metalf missingm morem mosts newf nextf nicef noisys oldf openf others ourf paperf plasticf poorm quickm quiet

f readyf richf right (direction)s right (correct)m rounds sadf sames shortf silverf singlem slows smallf softm squarem straightf strangem strongf surem tallm thinm thirsty

f tidym tireds uglyf unfriendlyf unhappyf untidyf warmm weakm wellm wetm windym worsem worstm wrongs youngs your

Adjectives

s a/anm allm a lot of

m anotherm anym every

f muchs mys no

s somes thats the

s theirs theses this

s those

Determiners

m a lots againf agom all rightf alreadyf alsom alwaysf anywheref awaym badlym beforem carefully

m downm downstairsf earlyf everf everywheref farf fastf hards herem how muchm how oftenm inside

f justm lastf latef laterm loudlym morem mostf muchf nearf nevers nots now

f nowheref of course (not)m offm oftenm onf oncem onlym outm outsidef overf perhapsm quickly

m quietlym slowlyf som sometimesf somewheref soonf stillf straight onf suddenlym thens theres today

f togetherf tomorrowf tonightf toof twicem upm upstairsf usuallys verym wellm whenf yet

Adverbs

m aboutm abovef acrossm afters atm befores behind

m belows betweenm bym downf duringf farf for

f froms inm in (time)s in front ofm insidef intos like

f nears next tos ofm offs onm on (time)m opposite

m outsidef overf pastf sincef throughs tos under

f untils withf without

Prepositions

m allf anyonef anythingf eachf elsef enoughf everyone

f everythings hes hers herss hims hiss I

s its itss mem minem morem mostf no-one

m nothingm ourss shef someonem somethings thatm theirs

s thems theses theys thiss thoses uss we

m whichs yous yourm yours

Pronouns

s andm because

m butf if

s orf so

m thanm then

m when

Conjunctions


47

s bef beginf breakf bringf burnm buys can/cannot/can’ts catchm catch (a bus)m choosem comef cuts do/don’ts draws drinks eat

f endf fallf fall overf feel (like)s findf forgets flyf getf get (off/on/to)m get (un)dressedm get ups gives gof go outf going tos have (got)

m have (got) tos have a bathm have a showerm have a partym have a washs have a drink/foodf hears hitm hurts knows learnf leavef letf let’sf lie downf lose

f made off makef maym meanf meetf mightm musts putm put onm rains reads rides runs says seef sell

f sendf shoulds sings sit (down)s sleepf smell (v. intr.)

f smell (like) (v. tr.)

m snowf speaks spells stand (up)f steals swimf swingm takem take a bus

m take offm take picturesf take timef teachm thinks throws understandm wake ups wearf willf winf won’ts write

Verbs – irregular

s addf agrees answerf arrives askf ask forf believef brushf burnf call (what’s x

called?)f campm carrys cleanm climbs closes colour

f combm cooks crossm crym dancef decidef ends enjoyf explainf fetchf finishm fishf followf gluef guessf happenf hate

m helpm hops jumps kickm laughs learns likes listen (to)s lives looks look (at)f look (for)f look (like)s lovef mindf mixf move

m needs opens paints phones pick ups play (with)s points point tof postf preferf pullf pushf racem rainf rememberm sailf score

m shopm shouts showm skatef skim skipf sledgem snowf sound (like)f stays starts stopf studys talkf taste (like)s testf thank

s tickf tidys tryf turnf turn (off/on)f usef visitm waits walks wantm washs watchf whisperf whistlef wishm work

Verbs – regular

Interrogativem What’s the matter?m Why?m When?s Which? (Which is Ann?)f Which? (Which snowman has Harry made?)

Korea Exams Cambridge Yle Starters Movers Flyers Handbook 2

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Transcript of Korea Exams Cambridge Yle Starters Movers Flyers Handbook 2