Knowledge Creation Tools for DAML
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Knowledge Creation Tools for DAML
Grit Denker, Jerry R. Hobbs, David MartinSrini Narayanan, Richard Waldinger
SRI International
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Outline DAML-S A Service Markup Language.
Process Models for Web-servicesCore theories and markup for transactions, processes, time,
interactionsExecution Semantics, monitoring, and simulation-- DEMO
Other Work-in-progress Theories & inference for the Semantic Web Models of Security and Trust Resource Site Construction Tool
DAML+OIL plugin to Protégé – DEMO FrameNet in DAML
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DAML-S: Goals
Full automation of service useDAML markups provide enough info for an agent to find,
select, enact and use a service never before encountered
Service requests handled seamlessly with information queriesAllow for composition of bothMany components & tools can work for both
Search & selection, ontology translation, …
Support inference in selecting and using services
Joint work with Stanford-KSL, CMU, BBN, Nokia
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Service Ontology: Top-level Classes
Service
ServiceModel
provides
supportspresents
DescribedByServiceProfile ServiceGrounding
Resource
What theservice does
How it works
How to access it
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Process Upper Ontology
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Time Ontology
Intervals
Instants
startOf endOf
inside
before
Process
during
atTime
Future Developments: Temporal Measurement Clock and Calendar
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(Simple) Process“What does it do?”
Requirements for use; results of use “Black box” view: Information needed to execute an
atomic service
Inputs, outputs, preconditions, effects, …
“Binding rules” for inputs, outputs
“Roles” involved
May vary for different service classes
Can employ logical rules, conditional I/0, effects.
Atomic Transaction
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Service Model“How does it work?”
Semantic description of a service“Glass box” viewDetailed characterization of what it does
May vary for different service classes
Analogous to procedure body (but abstract)
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B2C Purchase: ProcessModel
Check-out
Sign-in Create-Account
Load-Prefs Create-Prefs
Select-Payment-Method
Specify-Delivery-Address
Giftwrap
Finalize
One-Step
Locate-Goods Put-in-CartCompositeservice
Simple or compositeservices
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Congo.daml (partial)
<rdfs:Class rdf:ID="CongoBuyBook"> <daml:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="daml:collection"> <daml:Class rdf:about="process:Sequence"/> <daml:Restriction> <daml:onProperty rdf:resource="process:components"/> <daml:toClass> <process:-seqOf- rdf:parseType="daml:collection"> <rdfs:Class rdf:about="#TopLevelBuyChoice"/> <rdfs:Class rdf:about="#SpecifyDeliveryDetails"/> <rdfs:Class rdf:about="#FinalizeBuy"/> </process:-seqOf-> </daml:toClass> </daml:Restriction> </daml:intersectionOf></rdfs:Class>
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Process Model and Inference
Model Graphical Model is constructed recursively from
DAML Markup
Model is stochastic and can simulate execution
Integrated into OAA and SNARK
Inference Verfication, deadlock, reachability analysis, and
performance analysis (such as forward-backward computing Viterbi paths).
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Sequence(T1,T2)
T1P1
start finish
P2 T2 P3
Ongoing
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concurrent (T1, T2, T3)
P3
T2
P1
bypass
P2
T1
start
T3
finish
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concur_sync (T1, T2, T3)
P3
T2
P1
P2
T1
start
T3
finishP1
P1
P1
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unordered (T1, T2, T3)
P3
T2
P1
P2
T1
start
T3
finish
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Execution Semantics
Model is a high level Stochastic Petri Net and has a well specified execution semantics.
Being extended to the more expressive Rewriting Logic (joint with Jose Meseguer) Rewriting Logic is a logic of distributed systems.
There is a widely used rewriting logic tool, Maude. More at http://maude.csl.sri.com
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Status
Process Tool ready for release , pending stable
DAML-S.
DAML-S 0.5 at
http://www.daml.org/services/Joint work with Stanford KSL, CMU, BBN, Yale,
Nokia
SRI’s DAML work is described at
http://www.ai.sri.com/daml
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What’s Hot
DAML-S is a serious attempt to use
DAML+OIL.
Process Modeling Tool for DAML-S
descriptions Execution Semantics Resources, Execution monitoring Simulation Inference
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What’s hard
DAML-S expressivity/naturalness issues How to define scripts How to define unification constraints, etc.. Services are like verbs, ontologies are more
natural to represent nouns.
Achieving and maintaining consensus
Coordinating with industry standards With existing industry proposals
ex. XLANG