KINGS AND KINGS AND QUEENS OF QUEENS OF

BRITAINBRITAINJANA BARTOŠOVÁJANA BARTOŠOVÁ

CONTENSCONTENS

BOUDICCABOUDICCA ALFRED THE GREATALFRED THE GREAT WILLIAM WILLIAM II HENRY VIIIHENRY VIII ELIZABETH IELIZABETH I CHARLES ICHARLES I EDWARD VIIIEDWARD VIII THE QUEEN TODAYTHE QUEEN TODAY

BOUDICCABOUDICCAIn AD 43 there were a lot of kings and queens In AD 43 there were a lot of kings and queens all over Britain.all over Britain.The Roman emperor, Claudius, wanted to be The Roman emperor, Claudius, wanted to be emperor of all Britain. His Roman soldiers emperor of all Britain. His Roman soldiers came to Britain to take the country from the came to Britain to take the country from the British kings and queens.British kings and queens.

In the east of England there was a young queen In the east of England there was a young queen called Boudicca. Her husband died and she called Boudicca. Her husband died and she became Queen. The Roman soldiers hit her and became Queen. The Roman soldiers hit her and her children. Boudicca and hundreds of her her children. Boudicca and hundreds of her people killed the Roman soldiers. They burned people killed the Roman soldiers. They burned the Roman city of London. Thousands and the Roman city of London. Thousands and thousands of Roman soldiers came to Britain and thousands of Roman soldiers came to Britain and BoudiccaBoudicca`̀s men began to run away. Six month s men began to run away. Six month later Boudicca died. We remember her because later Boudicca died. We remember her because she was the first famous British queenshe was the first famous British queen. .

ALFRED THE GREATALFRED THE GREAT

He was born in 849. At He was born in 849. At that time there were a that time there were a lot of Danish soldiers lot of Danish soldiers in the north of in the north of England. TheyEngland. They killed killed AlfredAlfred`s brothers, `s brothers, burned English towns burned English towns and came to south of and came to south of England. But Alfred England. But Alfred and his men learned to and his men learned to fight better and better. fight better and better. Danes began to lose.Danes began to lose.

He was king for 28 years. In his time, English He was king for 28 years. In his time, English people made a lot of new schools. They people made a lot of new schools. They began to write the first books in England. began to write the first books in England. He was strong and good king. He was strong and good king.

WILLIAM IWILLIAM I

A Frenchman, William of Normandy, wanted to be A Frenchman, William of Normandy, wanted to be king of England after the old king Edward. He had king of England after the old king Edward. He had to fight the Norwegians. William`s men killed to fight the Norwegians. William`s men killed Harold Godwinsson. It was The Battle of Hastings Harold Godwinsson. It was The Battle of Hastings 1066. So then he was king of England. His wife 1066. So then he was king of England. His wife and her women made a beautiful long picture and her women made a beautiful long picture called called „„The Bayeux TapestryThe Bayeux Tapestry““ to tell this story. to tell this story.

WilWillliam was king for 21 years. We know a lot iam was king for 21 years. We know a lot about England in William`s time from about England in William`s time from „„Domesday BookDomesday Book““..

William was a strong king. His children and his William was a strong king. His children and his childrechildren`s children were kings for 200 n`s children were kings for 200 yearsyears..

HENRY VIIIHENRY VIII

He was born in 1491 and in 1509 he He was born in 1491 and in 1509 he married Catherine of Aragon. She had a married Catherine of Aragon. She had a daughter but Henry wanted a son. daughter but Henry wanted a son. England was a Catholic country at the England was a Catholic country at the beginning of Henry`s reign and the Pope beginning of Henry`s reign and the Pope refused to let Henry divorce his wife and refused to let Henry divorce his wife and mmarry again. Henry decided the English arry again. Henry decided the English church should become inchurch should become inddependent from ependent from the Catholic church. England became a the Catholic church. England became a Protestant country and Henry went on to Protestant country and Henry went on to marry again and again.marry again and again.

Henry`s wives Henry`s wives 1.Catherine of Aragon divorced, mother of Queen 1.Catherine of Aragon divorced, mother of Queen

Mary IMary I

2.Anne Boleyn beheaded, mother of Queen 2.Anne Boleyn beheaded, mother of Queen Elizabeth IElizabeth I

3.Jane Seymour died, mother of King 3.Jane Seymour died, mother of King Edward VIEdward VI

4.Anne of Cleves, divorced4.Anne of Cleves, divorced

5.Catherine Howard, beheaded5.Catherine Howard, beheaded

6.Catherine Parr, died 15486.Catherine Parr, died 1548

Henry died in 1547. He was 56 years old. Henry died in 1547. He was 56 years old. Because of him The King and Queen of Because of him The King and Queen of England is always The Head of The Church England is always The Head of The Church of England.of England.

Ann Boleyn`s daughter, Elizabeth, was one Ann Boleyn`s daughter, Elizabeth, was one of England`s most famous queens. of England`s most famous queens.

ELIZABETH IELIZABETH I

The young Elizabeth had a very difficult The young Elizabeth had a very difficult time. Her father, King Henry VIII, killed her time. Her father, King Henry VIII, killed her mother Anne Boleyn and her sister Mary, mother Anne Boleyn and her sister Mary, Catherine of Aragon`s daughter, was Catherine of Aragon`s daughter, was Queen. Elizabeth was in prison. Queen. Elizabeth was in prison.

Elizabeth died in 1603. She was 70 years Elizabeth died in 1603. She was 70 years old. After her, Mary`s son, James, was old. After her, Mary`s son, James, was king. He was king of Scotland. He was the king. He was king of Scotland. He was the first king of England and Scotland. first king of England and Scotland.

Mary died in 1558 and Elizabeth was Queen Mary died in 1558 and Elizabeth was Queen of England and Wales for 45 years. She of England and Wales for 45 years. She had no husband and no children. Many had no husband and no children. Many people think she was England`s best people think she was England`s best queen.queen.

England at that time was strong and happy England at that time was strong and happy country. Queen and parliament worked country. Queen and parliament worked well. An Englishmen, Francis Drake, went well. An Englishmen, Francis Drake, went around the world in his ship, the Golden around the world in his ship, the Golden

HindeHinde..

IIn London, William Shakespeare began to n London, William Shakespeare began to write his famous plays.write his famous plays.

For 20 years the Scottish queen, Mary, was For 20 years the Scottish queen, Mary, was in prison in England. She was beheaded in in prison in England. She was beheaded in 1587.1587.

CHARLES ICHARLES I

King Charles did not work well with his King Charles did not work well with his Parliament. The KingParliament. The King`s soldiers began to `s soldiers began to fight the soldiers of Parliament. Oliver fight the soldiers of Parliament. Oliver Cromwell was Parliament`s most Cromwell was Parliament`s most important man. Cromwell`s men killed the important man. Cromwell`s men killed the King. King.

For 12 years there was no king in For 12 years there was no king in England and Oliver Cromwell was the England and Oliver Cromwell was the most important man in the country.most important man in the country.

In 1659 Cromwell died.In 1659 Cromwell died.

EDWARD VIIIEDWARD VIII

It is not easy for an English king to marry. It is not easy for an English king to marry. He can`t marry a Catholic or marry a He can`t marry a Catholic or marry a divorced woman.divorced woman.

In 1936 Edward VIII was the new king of In 1936 Edward VIII was the new king of England. He was 43 and he loved an England. He was 43 and he loved an American lady called Wallis Simpson. She American lady called Wallis Simpson. She wasn`t a Catholic, but she was divorced. wasn`t a Catholic, but she was divorced. Edward wanted to marry her and be her Edward wanted to marry her and be her third husband. third husband.

The most important people in the Church and The most important people in the Church and Parliament didn`t want her to be Queen.Parliament didn`t want her to be Queen.

Edward decided to marry her and so in 1936 Edward decided to marry her and so in 1936 the new King was Edward`s younger the new King was Edward`s younger brother George. Edward went away from brother George. Edward went away from England with his new wife and never came England with his new wife and never came back. back.

THE QUEEN TODAY THE QUEEN TODAY

Queen Elizabeth II was born in 1926 Queen Elizabeth II was born in 1926 and she was Queen in 1952. She is and she was Queen in 1952. She is Queen of England, Wales, Scotland Queen of England, Wales, Scotland and Nothern Ireland.and Nothern Ireland.

Once a year she opens Parliament and Once a year she opens Parliament and once a week she talks to the Prime once a week she talks to the Prime Minister. Minister.

The Queen is Head of The Church of The Queen is Head of The Church of England. England.

She is Head of the Commonwealth, too. In She is Head of the Commonwealth, too. In 1996 there were 51 countries in the 1996 there were 51 countries in the Commonwealth. A hundred years ago all Commonwealth. A hundred years ago all these countries were British. Now they are these countries were British. Now they are free, but they are in the Commonwealth free, but they are in the Commonwealth and their Prime ministers meet and talk and their Prime ministers meet and talk

everyevery year.year.

Queen Elizabeth is also Queen of Australia, Queen Elizabeth is also Queen of Australia, Canada, New Zealand and a lot of smaller Canada, New Zealand and a lot of smaller countriescountries

..

She is important because people like She is important because people like her and want to have a Queen. She her and want to have a Queen. She visits people all over the world. visits people all over the world. Thousands of people come to London Thousands of people come to London every year to see her.every year to see her.

Thank you for your Thank you for your attentionattention