Allison Allison QuirozQuiroz

Stephanie Stephanie Tan Tan

Andrew Andrew LayneLayne

Ary ArianoAry Ariano

Kingdoms of Kingdoms of

Southeast Southeast

Asia Asia

and Koreaand Korea

GeographyGeography

Located in between Indian & Pacific Located in between Indian & Pacific OceanOcean

Two main parts: Two main parts:

A peninsula that borders China & A peninsula that borders China & IndiaIndia

And the many islandsAnd the many islands

Loads of mountains, hills, valleys, Loads of mountains, hills, valleys, seas, & riversseas, & rivers

Allison Allison QuirozQuiroz

Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia

f

Allison Allison QuirozQuiroz

The Effects of Geography

Caused separation among Southeast Asia by ways of communication and location

Enabled Southeast Asia to have a lot of harbors and ports to use for trade routes

Lords would charge merchants to use local ports, protect their ships, or pass through their waters.

Allison Quiroz

Influence of India and Influence of India and

ChinaChina• Indian influence shaped the culture of Indian influence shaped the culture of Southeast Asia.Southeast Asia.

• Southeast Asians wrote pieces of literature in

Southeast Asians wrote pieces of literature in Sanskrit, India’s ancient language.Sanskrit, India’s ancient language.

• Hindu and Buddhist beliefs spread.Hindu and Buddhist beliefs spread.

• Many kingdoms modeled on Indian political

Many kingdoms modeled on Indian political ideas.ideas.

• Migration and trade with China spread more

Migration and trade with China spread more influential ideas and culture.influential ideas and culture. Stephanie Stephanie

TanTan

The Khmer The Khmer

EmpireEmpire• They built elaborate They built elaborate

irrigation systems and irrigation systems and

waterways.waterways.

• About 3 or 4 crops a year About 3 or 4 crops a year

instead of only 1.instead of only 1.

• Became more prosperous Became more prosperous

because of improved rice because of improved rice

cultivation.cultivation.• Angkor Wat was built for the Hindu

Angkor Wat was built for the Hindu

god, Vishnu.god, Vishnu.

• It was considered one of the world’s It was considered one of the world’s

greatest architectural achievements.greatest architectural achievements.

Stephanie Stephanie TanTan

• Borodubur is also Borodubur is also

known as another great known as another great

architectural architectural

monument.monument.

• It reflects a strong It reflects a strong

Indian influence.Indian influence.

• Empire of Srivijaya Empire of Srivijaya

grew wealthy by taxing grew wealthy by taxing

trade on its waters.trade on its waters.

Island Trading Island Trading

KingdomsKingdoms

• Palembang was the capital of The Srivijaya

Palembang was the capital of The Srivijaya

Empire.Empire.

• It became a great center for Buddhist It became a great center for Buddhist

learning.learning.Stephanie Stephanie

TanTan

VietnamVietnam

The Vietnamese were least influenced by India.The Vietnamese were least influenced by India. Vietnam was under control by China for 1,000 years.Vietnam was under control by China for 1,000 years. Finally the Tang dynasty grew weaker in the early 900’s.Finally the Tang dynasty grew weaker in the early 900’s. Vietnam took that advantage and broke away from Vietnam took that advantage and broke away from

China’s control.China’s control. It became an independent country in 939.It became an independent country in 939. Although it was independent it still absorbed come Although it was independent it still absorbed come

Chinese culture.Chinese culture. After a long time as an independent country, the Mongols After a long time as an independent country, the Mongols

tried to invade them.tried to invade them. Vietnam forced them to withdraw three times. Vietnam forced them to withdraw three times.

Andrew LayneAndrew Layne

Geography of Geography of KoreaKorea

Korea is a peninsula that extends out of the Korea is a peninsula that extends out of the Asian mainland toward Japan.Asian mainland toward Japan.

It is a small country about the size of Utah.It is a small country about the size of Utah.

Korea is a very mountainous land.Korea is a very mountainous land.

It is very isolated from its neighbors.It is very isolated from its neighbors.

Andrew LayneAndrew Layne

Early Early HistoryHistory

In early Korea, different clans controlled In early Korea, different clans controlled different parts of the country.different parts of the country.

The Han empire conquered much of Korea and The Han empire conquered much of Korea and established a military government.established a military government.

The Koreans built Buddhist monasteries and The Koreans built Buddhist monasteries and produced elegant stone sculptures.produced elegant stone sculptures.

The Koreans also developed a writing style that The Koreans also developed a writing style that used Chinese characters.used Chinese characters.

Andrew LayneAndrew Layne

What you don’t knowWhat you don’t know • Wang Kon wasn’t the only rebel officer who

weakened Shilla’s rule

• Kyon Hown [proclaimed Latter Paekche (Hu Paeche) State in chonju in 900]

• Kung Ye [proclaimed to latter Koguryo (Hu Koguryo) state (following year) at Kaesong]

• & finally Wang Kon himself [son of gentry family] became 1st minister of Kung Ye

• Wang Kon overthrew Kung Ye in 918 for “misdemeanors and malpractice” (asninfo.org)

Ary Ariano

What were these misdemeanors What were these misdemeanors and malpractices that made and malpractices that made Wang Kon overthrow Kung Ye?Wang Kon overthrow Kung Ye?

“…began to persecute people who expressed their opposition against his religious arguments. He executed many monks, then later even his own wife and two sons, and the public began to turn away from him. His costly rituals and harsh rule caused even more opposition…” [Asninfo]

Ary Ariano

The MongolsThe Mongols • 1213 – Mongols swept Korea • Destroyed Shila pagoda of Hwangnyongsa

temple • Demanded tribute from rulers • 20,000 horses • clothing for 1 million soldiers • children & artisans- taken as slaves • Demands & occupation lasted until 1350s-

where it collapsed

Ary Ariano

The problems with the Koryu Dynasty • Besides invasions from the Mongols, Koryu

Dynasty suffered others problems as well• The 2nd problem- question of land holdings. • land-grant system broke down • Mongol-favored officials & military men [& handful

of landed gentry] owned most of agricultural land• 3rd problem- rising animosity between Buddhist

and Confucian scholars • ”New Confucian scholars did not agree w/ idea 1

should denounce 1’s family ties to become monk because basis of Confucian philosophy founded on strong family & social relationships” [asninfo.org]

• Wealth & Power of monasteries & expense incurred by state for Buddhist festivals became major target or criticism

• 4th problem- Japanese privates went from hit and run to organized military marauders

Ary Ariano

BibliographyBibliography

World History Patterns of Interaction, World History Patterns of Interaction, McDougal LittellMcDougal Littell

www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/korea/history/www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/korea/history/koryo_dynasty.htmlkoryo_dynasty.html

www.starfish.ch/.../diving-southeastAsia.GIFwww.starfish.ch/.../diving-southeastAsia.GIF