Kingdom ProtistaKingdom Protista

Fidgety little critters!Fidgety little critters!

ProtistaProtista

What is a Protist?What is a Protist?• EukaryoticEukaryotic

– Has a nucleus!Has a nucleus!

• Mostly single celledMostly single celled• Classified byClassified by::

– MOVEMENT– OBTAIN FOOD

• Animal-like:Animal-like:– HeterotrophicHeterotrophic

• Plant-like:Plant-like:– Autotrophic (have chloroplasts)Autotrophic (have chloroplasts)

• Fungus-like:Fungus-like:– Parasitic/DecomposersParasitic/Decomposers

– REPRODUCE

Protozoa = animal like Protozoa = animal like protistaprotista

• EX: ParameciumEX: Paramecium

• Single-celled Single-celled heterotrophs heterotrophs that can movethat can move

Animal-like Protists: Animal-like Protists: SarcodiniaSarcodinia• MovementMovement::

– By By pseudopodspseudopods::• Little blobs of cytoplasmLittle blobs of cytoplasm

• Means Means ““Fake FeetFake Feet””

• Consumer Nutrition:Consumer Nutrition:– Surround meal and bring into Surround meal and bring into

food vacuolefood vacuole• Phagocytosis!Phagocytosis!

• Reproduction:Reproduction:– Binary FissionBinary Fission

• Organism:Organism:– Amoeba amoebaAmoeba amoeba

Animal-like Protists: Animal-like Protists: CiliatesCiliates• Movement:Movement:

– By By ciliacilia::• Little Little ““hairshairs”” that beat that beat

like oarslike oars

• Consumer Nutrition:Consumer Nutrition:– Food is swept in by cilia Food is swept in by cilia

to GULLETto GULLET– Contractile vacuoles Contractile vacuoles

collect and collect and ““spit outspit out”” waterwater

• Reproduction:Reproduction:– Binary fission AND Binary fission AND

conjugationconjugation• Organism:Organism:

– Paramecium caudatum, Paramecium caudatum, Stentor coeruleus, Stentor coeruleus, BlepharismaBlepharisma

Mouth

Gullet

Cilia

Contractile Vacuole

Food Vacuole

Stentor

ParameciumParamecium

• Use an Use an oral groove oral groove (mouth) to obtain food.(mouth) to obtain food.

• Contractile vacuole Contractile vacuole is is used to pump out waterused to pump out water

• Food vacuole Food vacuole – storage – storage pocket for food (like a pocket for food (like a stomach)stomach)

• Anal Pore Anal Pore – disposes of – disposes of wastewaste

• PelliclePellicle – membrane – membrane covering that protects the covering that protects the paramecium (like skin)paramecium (like skin)

Plant-like Protists: Plant-like Protists: Flagellates (Volvox)Flagellates (Volvox)

• No roots, stems, or leavesNo roots, stems, or leaves

• Colonial organism:Colonial organism:– Hundreds of individual cells Hundreds of individual cells ““livliv

ee”” together together

• Movement:Movement:– Long, whip-like Long, whip-like flagellaflagella– Whole colony moves together!Whole colony moves together!

• Nutrition:Nutrition:– Autotrophic - photosynthesisAutotrophic - photosynthesis– Contain chloroplasts! (Hence Contain chloroplasts! (Hence

green color!)green color!)

• Reproduction:Reproduction:– Binary fissionBinary fission

Volvox

Euglenophytes: The plant-Euglenophytes: The plant-like animal protistlike animal protist• NO CELL WALL:NO CELL WALL:

– Has Has pellicle pellicle (skin like)(skin like)

• MOVEMENT:MOVEMENT:– TWO flagellaTWO flagella

• NUTRITION:NUTRITION:– Autotrophic (chloroplasts)Autotrophic (chloroplasts)– Can be heterotrophic Can be heterotrophic

when no sunlight!when no sunlight!– Red spot helps organism Red spot helps organism

to find sunlightto find sunlight

• REPRODUCTION:REPRODUCTION:– By binary fissionBy binary fission

• ORGANISM:ORGANISM:– EuglenaEuglena

Also called eyespot

Diatoms – plant like ProtistaDiatoms – plant like Protista

• UnicellularUnicellular

• Glass-likeGlass-like

• Cell wall Cell wall containing silicacontaining silica

Spirogyra – plant likeSpirogyra – plant like

• Contains chloroplast in Contains chloroplast in a spiral settinga spiral setting

• Green algaeGreen algae

• Most of the interior cell Most of the interior cell is a is a large central large central vacuolevacuole

• Reproduce Reproduce asexuallyasexually through through fragmentationfragmentation or or sexuallysexually through through conjugationconjugation

SeaweedSeaweed

• Large, Large, multicellular multicellular marine algaemarine algae

• PhotosyntheticPhotosynthetic

• Can be red, Can be red, brown or greenbrown or green

• Can be 100’s Can be 100’s feet longfeet long

Fungus-like Protista – Fungus-like Protista – decompose organic matterdecompose organic matter• Slime molds and Slime molds and

water molds are water molds are fungus likefungus like– Slime molds are Slime molds are

both fungus like both fungus like and animal likeand animal like•Decompose like Decompose like

fungusfungus

•Can move like Can move like animalsanimals

Slime molds can be Slime molds can be plasmodial or cellularplasmodial or cellular

• Plasmodial slime Plasmodial slime molds are giant molds are giant cells with many cells with many nucleinuclei

• Cellular slime Cellular slime molds contain molds contain independent independent cellscells