Kingdom Protista

Biology

Characteristics of Kingdoms

Kingdom Unicellular

Multicellular

Autotrophic

Heterotrophic

Cell wall

No cell wall

Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic

Interesting Fact

Archaeabacteria

x x x x x Tough!! Live in extreme conditions

Eubacteria x x x x x Typical Bacteria. Cause illness and used for food, etc. Very common

Protista

Fungi

Plantae

Animalia

What is a protist?

Algae

Volvox

Radiolarians

Euglena

Red tides caused by dinoflagellates

Protists can: Be Unicellular or Multicellular Be Microscopic or very large Be Heterotrophic or Autotrophic Reproduce Sexually or Asexually

But… ***ALL ARE EUKARYOTIC***

Have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles

“Junk Drawer” Kingdom

Organisms that are eukaryotic but don’t fit well in other Kingdoms are placed here!

II. Three Groups of Protists

A. Animal-like

B. Plant-like

C. Fungi-like

A. Animal-like

Protozoa: Animal like protists Heterotrophic All unicellular

Animal Like Protists-4 types

Shapeless protists

Flagellates

Ciliates

Sporozoa

Shapeless protists

Phylum Rhizopoda No cell wall Form Pseudopodia

Pseudo = fake Pod = foot Extension used for

feeding and moving

Flagellates

Phylum Zoomastigina Have flagella: a whip

like tail used for movement

Can be parasites and cause diseases

African sleeping sickness

Can be helpful Termite guts

Ciliates

Phylum Ciliophora Have Cilia: small hair like projections used for

movement and feeding

Sporozoans

Phylum Sporozoa Most produce spores All are parasites

Malaria

B. Plant-like Protists…

Algae: Plant like protists Uni or multicellular Autotrophic

(photosynthetic) No roots, stems,

leaves

Algae: Plant like protists

Typically water-related Same function as terrestrial plants

1/3 of oxygen production Base of aquatic food webs

Phytoplankton

Typically found near surface of water Diatoms

Shells of silica Major part of Mississippi River Food Chain Used in toothpaste, cat litter, etc.

Cont.

Dinoflagellates “Red Tides” Produce toxins that are poisonous to

vertebrates Phytophthora infestans

Green, Brown, Red Algae

Brown and Red often called “seaweed” Green algae “pond scum” Kelp-brown Porphyra-red Spirogyra-green

C. Fungi-like Protists

Fungus like protists Decomposers Can move at some

time in their life No chitin in cell wall

Slime Molds Appear much like fungus Potato Famine-1840’s Phytophthora infestans.

– 1 million dead, 1 million left