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Transcript of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Higher Education Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University...
Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaMinistry of Higher Education
Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic UniversityCollege of Computer and Information Sciences
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Chapter 1 - Part 2 An Introduction to Information Systems in
OrganizationsIS200-Introduction to IS
Information Systems Department
IS Department
Overview• Business Information Systems• Types of Business Information Systems• System Development
IS Department 2
IS Department
Business Information Systems• Most common types of information systems used in
business organizations
• Electronic and mobile commerce systems
• Enterprise Systems: • Transaction processing systems• Enterprise Resource Planning
• Management information systems
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IS Department
Business Information Systems (continued)
• Decision support systems
• Specialized business information systems:• Knowledge Management, • Artificial Intelligence, • Expert Systems• Virtual Reality
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IS Department
Business Information Systems (continued)
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Figure 1.5: Business Information Systems
IS Department
Electronic and Mobile Commerce• E-commerce: Involves any business transaction executed electronically
between parties, such as• Companies (B2B)• Companies and consumers (B2C)• Consumers and other consumers (C2C)• Companies and the public sector• Consumers and the public sector
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IS Department
Purchase Order - Traditional
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Purchase Order – E-commerce
IS Department
Electronic and Mobile Commerce (continued)• Mobile Commerce:
• Transaction conducted anywhere, anytime• Relies on the use of wireless communications
(portable phones, laptop, and other mobile devices)
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IS Department
Enterprise Systems: Transaction Processing Systems and Enterprise Resource Planning
• Transaction: business-related exchange• Payments to employees• Sales to customers• Payments to suppliers
• Transaction processing system (TPS): organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and hardware used to record completed business transactions
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IS Department
Transaction Processing Systems (continued)
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Figure 1.9: A Payroll Transaction Processing System
IS Department
Enterprise Resource Planning• Integrated programs capable of managing a company’s
vital business operations for an entire multi-site organization
• Coordinate planning, inventory control, production, and ordering
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IS Department
Information and Decision Support Systems• An effective TPS provides a number of benefits to a
company• A TPS can speed business activities and reduce clerical
costs• Data stored in TPSs is used to help managers make
better decisions
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IS Department
Management Information Systems• Management information system (MIS)
• Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and hardware
• Provides summary about routine information to managers/decision makers
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IS Department
Management Information Systems (continued)
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Figure 1.10: Management Information System
IS Department
Decision Support Systems
• Decision support system (DSS)• Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases,
and hardware• Supports problem-specific decision making
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IS Department
Decision Support Systems (continued)
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Figure 1.11: Essential DSS Elements
IS Department
Specialized Business Information Systems
• Knowledge management systems (KMSs): an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and hardware to create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience
• Artificial intelligence (AI): field in which the computer system takes on the characteristics of human intelligence
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IS Department
Artificial Intelligence
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Figure 1.12: The Major Elements of Artificial Intelligence
IS Department
Expert Systems
• Give the computer the ability to make suggestions and act like an expert in a particular field
• Allow organizations to capture and use the wisdom of experts and specialists
• The knowledge base contains the collection of data, rules, procedures, and relationships that must be followed to achieve value or the proper outcome
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IS Department
Virtual Reality
• Simulation of a real or imagined environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions
• Can be a powerful medium for communication, entertainment, and learning
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IS Department
Systems Development• Systems development: creating or modifying existing
business systems• Systems development can be:
• Performed in-house• Outsourced: hiring an outside company to perform some or all of
a system development project• To improve results of a systems development project, it
is divided into several steps
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IS Department
Systems Development (continued)
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Figure 1.14: An Overview of Systems Development
IS Department
Systems Investigation and Analysis• Systems investigation: gain understanding of the
problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed• Systems analysis: defines problems and opportunities of
the existing system (define business needs)
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IS Department
Systems Design, Implementation, Maintenance, and Review
• Systems design: how the new system will work to meet the business needs defined during systems analysis
• Systems implementation: creating or acquiring the various system components defined in the design step, assembling them, and putting the new system into operation
• Systems maintenance and review: check and modify the system so that it continues to meet changing business needs
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