Kinetic & Potential Energy

CRCT Prep

Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?• a child jumping rope• a swimmer ready to dive• a stuffed toy lying on a

table• firewood stacked in a

fireplace

A car stopped at the top of a ramp hasA. heat energy.B. potential energy.C. kinetic energy.D. mechanical energy.

Which situation is an example of increasing potential energy?

A. pulling a wagon uphillB. emptying a bucket of waterC. a cat jumping from a treeD. a bicyclist stopping at a stop sign

Use the picture below to answer the question.

The cart rolling down the hill hasA. nuclear energy.B. kinetic energy.C. chemical energy.D. electrical energy.

Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?

A. a baseball coming from the pitcher to the catcher

B. a rock sitting on the top of a large hill

C. a pendulum at the top of its swing

D.a new flashlight battery

Which of these best shows kinetic energy?

A. B.

C. D.

The location on the track where the train has the greatest potential energy is

A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.

Water stored behind a dam is an example of what type of energy?

A. kineticB. potentialC. solarD. chemical

Forms of EnergyCRCT Prep

The stored energy in a battery is best described as

A. thermal.B. chemical.C. nuclear.D. kinetic.

Energy appears in many forms. What form of energy is lightning?

A. electrical energyB. mechanical energyC. magnetic energyD. sound energy

Geothermal energy is not a common energy source in Georgia homes becauseA. there are few surface hot springs.B. it is regulated too much by the government.C. Georgia is too warm in the summer.D. it causes thermal pollution of lakes and rivers.

Which of the following is not a form of energy?

A. electricalB. lightC. heatD. friction

Light is an example of which type of energy?

A. nuclearB. gravitationalC. electromagneticD. chemical

When electrical energy is “used” by an electric light, what really happened to the energy?

A. It is given off as other forms of energy.

B. It changes to matter.C. It stops at the electric

light.D. It disappears.

To pull a bucket of water from a well, George pulled hard on the handle to wind up the rope. Which kind of energy was George applying to the handle?

A. chemical energyB. frictional energyC. potential energyD. mechanical

energy

Which form of energy is best shown in the picture?

A. mechanicalB. electrical C. chemicalD. nuclear

The energy used to move most bicycles is an example of which type of energy?

A. electricalB. mechanicalC. chemicalD. nuclear

Most fossil fuels such as gas, oil and coal have what kind of energy?

A. mechanical energyB. chemical energyC. electrical energyD. nuclear energy

What type of energy does the windmill use to do work?

A. mechanicalB. nuclearC. chemicalD. electrical

An electric light bulb is hot to touch because

A. current passing through it produces heat.B. its magnetic field produces a large amount of heat.C. evaporation causes an object to heat up.D. its chemical reactions produce heat.

Energy Transformation

CRCT Prep

A light bulb changes electrical energy into

A. light energy only.B. heat and mechanical

energy.C. light and heat energy.D. light and mechanical

energy.

What kind of energy transformation occurs when you turn on a vacuum cleaner?

A. mechanical to electricalB. electrical to mechanicalC. chemical to mechanicalD. thermal to electrical

The major reason for burning gasoline in an automobile engine is to convert

A. chemical energy to mechanical energy.

B. kinetic energy to potential energy.

C. radiation to electrical energy.

D. thermal energy to electrical energy.

Water that flows from behind a large dam can cause machines to produce electricity. What change takes place?

A. Heat energy changes into mechanical energy.B. Sound energy changes into electrical energy.C. Chemical energy is used to produce electrical energy.D. Mechanical energy is used

to produce electrical energy.

When a hair dryer is being used, one of the energy transformations that takes place is

A. electrical to chemical.B. electrical to mechanical.C. mechanical to electrical.D. chemical to electrical.

Which of the following could best be used to demonstrate energy being transformed from electricity to heat?

A. a magnifying glassB. a triple beam

balanceC. a toasterD. a gas oven

A burning candle is in the process of transforming

A. heat energy to chemical energy.

B. chemical energy into light and heat.

C. chemical energy into mechanical energy.

D. chemical energy to nuclear energy.

When an electric fan is running, most of the incoming electrical energy changes into which kind of energy?

A. heat energyB. light energyC. mechanical energyD. sound energy

Conduction, Convection, & Radiation

Part I

CRCT Prep

A car was sitting in sunlight all day long. The heat that is now contained in the car was transferred to the car primarily by which of the following processes?

A. convectionB. conductionC. radiationD. electrical energy

transfer

On a hot day, Jenny walked home from the grocery store with a bag of chocolate chips. When she arrived home, the chocolate chips had melted in the bag. Why did the chocolate chips melt?

A. Heat transferred from the chocolate chips to the bag.

B. Heat evaporated from the bag to the chocolate chips.

C. Heat transferred from the environment to the chocolate chips.

D. Heat condensed from her hand to the chocolate chips.

When Joe put a cheeseburger sealed in a plastic bag into the microwave, there was not much air in the bag. After the cheeseburger was cooked, the plastic bag was full of air. Where did the air come from?

A. It came from the fan in the microwave.

B. It came out of the cheeseburger.C. It was already in the bag and it

expanded as it was heated.D. It came from a chemical reaction

whereby energy from the microwave creates O2 molecules.

When sand absorbs the electromagnetic waves of the Sun, it becomes warm through the process of

A. conduction.B. convection.C. radiation.D. evaporation.

Beaker X contains 100 milliliters of water and Beaker Y contains 250 milliliters of water. Each beaker is heated on a hot plate at the same medium heat setting for five minutes. Which is the best prediction of the water temperature inthe beakers?

A. Beaker X will have the highest temperature.

B. Beaker Y will have the highest temperature.

C. Beaker X and Beaker Y will have the same temperature.

D. Beaker Y will have a temperature of 150°F.

Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by convection?

A. A hot wood stove heats an entire room.

B. The handle of a pot that is being heated becomes warm.

C. A teaspoon in a glass of hot tea becomes warm.

D. The coils of a toaster become red.

Two jars are placed inside an insulated box. One jar contains ice water and the other contains hot soup. What will happen to the two liquids?

A. Both the hot soup and the ice water will gain heat.

B. Both the hot soup and the ice water will lose heat.

C. The hot soup will gain heat and the ice water will lose heat.

D. The hot soup will lose heat and the ice water will gain heat.

In which situation has heat energy moved mainly by conduction through matter?

A. A radiator heated with hot water warms a room.

B. The person sitting closest to the blazing fire finds it necessary to move farther from the heat.

C. The handle of a cast iron skillet being used to cook something becomes too hot to touch.

D. The red-hot coil of an electric space heater is used to keep a small room warm.

The bulb of a thermometer is placed in your mouth. Which of the following explains why the level of the liquid rises in the thermometer?

A. Hot air rises inside the thermometer.

B. Heat energy changes into light energy.

C. The liquid expands when heated.

D. Heat can change a solid into a liquid.

Suppose you had four spoons the same size and shape made out of glass, plastic, steel, and wood. Which spoon handle would get hot the quickest when the spoons are placed in a pan of hot water?

A. the glass spoonB. the plastic spoonC. the steel spoonD. the wooden spoon

When water boils in a pan on a hot burner, heat gets to the water mainly by

A. conduction of heat through the pan.

B. radiation of heat through the pan.

C. reflection of heat from the burner.

D. absorption of heat from the air in the room.

Conduction, Convection, & Radiation Part II

CRCT Prep

Burt's mother asked him to use a spoon to stir the stew that was cooking on the stove. Which spoon will stay the coolest while he stirs?

A. an iron spoonB. an aluminum spoonC. a wooden spoonD. a silver spoon

Through which of the following materials does heat travel the fastest?

A. glassB. metalC. plasticD. wood

Which of the following best explains why the end of a spoon sticking out of a cup of hot water also gets hot?

A. The hot water causes a chemical reaction to take place in the

spoon.B. The heat from the hot water is conducted to the spoon

handle.C. The hot water heats the air

surrounding the upper part of the spoon.

D. The hot water causes a physical change in the spoon handle.

A block of ice on a glass plate is put on a metal shelf in a freezer. Which could cause the ice to change to liquid water?

A. putting a fan that blows on the ice inside the closed freezer

B. raising the temperature inside the freezer

C. wrapping a blanket around the ice inside the freezer

D. putting the ice directly on the metal shelf inside the freezer

When it is very hot in his room, Stuart tries to make it cooler by opening both the top and the bottom of his window. Which statement best explains why this would work?

A. Air comes in the top to cool the ceiling and in the bottom to cool the floor.

B. Cooler air comes in the bottom and warm air goes out through the top.

C. Warmer air goes out through both the bottom and top.

D. It does not make any difference because if there is no wind, the air will not come in.

What is the process by which heat energy gets to Earth from the Sun?

A. conductionB. radiationC. subductionD. convection

Patti used a steel wrench to work on her bicycle on a hot, sunny day. She left the wrench on the hot concrete surface for an hour while she had lunch. When she returned, the wrench was very hot to touch. What is the best explanation for how the wrench got so hot?

A. Heat transferred from the concrete to the wrench.

B. Heat transferred from the wrench to the air.

C. Heat transferred from the bicycle to the wrench.

D. Heat transferred from the wrench to the concrete.

Which best explains how the food on the stove is being heated?

A. conductionB. convectionC. interactionD. radiation

Expansion joints such as these are put on bridges because the concrete expands and contracts. This happens when

A. chemicals get on the concrete.B. the temperature changes.C. the amount of light changes.D. the concrete gets wet.