KIDS MATH Energy 20Math 20Challenge

7/30/2019 KIDS MATH Energy 20Math 20Challenge

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Energy Math ChallengeUse this activity to enhance math skills while learning about energy.

Grade Level:

n Elementary

n Intermediate

n Secondary

Subject Areas:

n Science

n Social Studies

n Math

n Language Arts


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Teacher Advisory BoardShelly Baumann, Rockford, MI

Constance Beatty, Kankakee, IL

Sara Brownell, Canyon Country, CA

Amy Constant, Raleigh, NC

Joanne Coons, Clifton Park, NY

Regina Donour, Whitesburg, KY

Darren Fisher, Houston, TX

Deborah Fitton, Cape Light Compact, MA

Linda Fonner, New Martinsville, WV

Melanie Harper, Odessa, TX

Viola Henry, Thaxton, VA

Linda Hutton, Kitty Hawk, NC

Doug Keaton, Russell, KY

Barbara Lazar, Albuquerque, NM

Robert Lazar, Albuquerque, NM

Hallie Mills, Bonney Lake, WA

Mollie Mukhamedov, Port St. Lucie, FL

Don Pruett, Sumner, WA

Larry Richards, Eaton, IN

Barry Scott, Stockton, CA

Joanne Spaziano, Cranston, RI

Gina Spencer, Virginia Beach, VA

Tom Spencer, Chesapeake, VA

Nancy Stanley, Pensacola, FL

Scott Sutherland, Providence, RI

Robin Thacker, Henderson, KYDoris Tomas, Rosenberg, TX

Patricia Underwood, Anchorage, AK

Jim Wilkie, Long Beach, CA

Carolyn Wuest, Pensacola, FL

Debby Yerkes, Ohio Energy Project, OH

Wayne Yonkelowitz, Fayetteville, WV

NEED Mission StatementThe mission of the NEED Project is to promote an energy conscious and educated society by

creating effective networks of students, educators, business, government and community leaders

to design and deliver objective, multi-sided energy education programs.

Teacher Advisory Board Vision StatementIn support of NEED, the national Teacher Advisory Board (TAB) is dedicated to developing

and promoting standards-based energy curriculum and training.

Permission to CopyNEED materials may be reproduced for non-commercial educational purposes.


3/20 2008 THE NEED PROJECT PO BOX 10101 MANASSAS, VA 20108 1-800-875-5029 Energy Math Challenge PAGE 3

Teacher Guide .................................................................. 4

Answer Key ...................................................................... 6

Elementary Math Challenge.............................................. 7

Intermediate Math Challenge ......................................... 11

Secondary Math Challenge ............................................ 15

Evaluation Form ............................................................. 19

TABLE OF CONTENTS


4/20PAGE 4 Energy Math Challenge 2008 THE NEED PROJECT PO BOX 10101 MANASSAS, VA 20108 1-800-875-5029

TO STRENGTHEN STUDENTS MATH SKILLS WHILE REINFORCING THEIR KNOWLEDGE

OF ENERGY.

BACKGROUND

The Energy Math Challenge encourages students to recognize the interrelationship between math, science,language arts, and social studies.

ELEMENTARY: There are four elementary questions for students to answer in groups of three.

INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY: The questions are organized in rounds. In the first round, students workingtogether in small groups solve four different math problems. The same types of problems are repeated in roundstwo and three. In the fourth round, groups of students solve a Mega-Question that incorporates the four skillstargeted in the first three rounds.

TIME

ELEMENTARY: Each question takes approximately 15 minutes to complete.

INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY: The first three rounds take eight to ten minutes, and the fourth round takesapproximately 15 to 20 minutes.

MATERIALS

ELEMENTARY:One copy of each question for each group of three students.

INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY:One set of Round One and Round Two math problems for each group.

One set of Round Three math problems for each student.

One Mega-Question for each group.

PROCEDURE

Step OnePreparation

n There are problems at three grade levels: Elementary (3-5), Intermediate (6-8), and Secondary (9-12).

These levels are identified on the top of the problem sheets. The Elementary problems are numbered Onethrough Four. The Intermediate and Secondary problems are numbered Rounds One through Three andthe MegaQuestions.

ELEMENTARY:

n Divide the class into groups of three students. Each group should have one strong math student.

n Duplicate a set of the four questions for each group.

n Decide what measuring tool you want the students to use in Question Four. Cuisenaire rods are recommendedif available.

Teacher Guide



INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY:

n Divide students into small groups.

n Duplicate a set of questions for each group for Rounds One and Two, as well as the Mega-Question.

n Duplicate a set of questions for each student for Round Three.

n For Rounds One and Two, cut each sheet into quarters. Clip together each set of four math problems foRounds One and Two. Provide scrap paper for each group. Decide if you want the students to write theianswers on the math problems or on scrap paper. Decide if you will allow students to use calculators.

Step TwoConduct the Activity

ELEMENTARY:n Place students in groups of three and give them one question at a time, or one question a day for four days

For Question Four, explain the method of measurement before the students begin. Discuss each questionwith the students after completion.

INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY:n Once students are in their groups, give each group a set of the Round One problems. Begin the activity by

giving the groups the following instructions:

n I have given each group four Energy Math Challenge problems for Round One. Each of the four problemswill require your group to use a different problem solving skill. I will review the math problems with youafter each of the four rounds. Your group will receive 10 points for each problem solved correctly during

Round One. In Round Two, each problem will be worth 15 points, and in Round Three, each problem will beworth 20 points. Groups can receive 100 points in the final round.

n Round One will last 10 minutes. Round Two will last eight minutes, and Round Three will last 10 minutes.

Before we start the third round, I will give your group 10 minutes to review the problems from the first tworounds. During this study session, make sure everyone knows how to do all four types of problems correctly

n In the third round, every student must solve the four problems independently, with no help from his or her

group members. Therefore, it is important that your group works together during Rounds One and Two andduring the study session. The groups average score in the third round will be added to the points earned inthe previous two rounds.

n In the fourth round, you will work as a group to solve a Mega-Question using the math skills you concentrated

on in the first three rounds. Your group will have 15 to 20 minutes to solve the Mega-Question.

n Lets review some energy unit terms before we begin.

Btu One British thermal unit is the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of one pound of water onedegree Fahrenheit. A single Btu is quite small. A wooden kitchen match, if allowed to burn completelywould give off one Btu of energy. Every day, the average American uses 88,900 Btus.

MBtu An MBtu is equal to one million (1,000,000) Btus. The average American family consumes 98 MBtus ofenergy a year.

Quad Quads are used to measure very large quantities of energy. A quad is equal to one quadrillion(1,000,000,000,000,000) Btus. The United States uses about one quad of energy every 3.8 days.

kWh A kilowatt-hour is the amount of electricity used in one hour at a rate of 1,000 watts. Just as we buygasoline in gallons and wood in cords, we buy electricity in kilowatt-hours. Utility companies charge theircustomers for the kilowatt-hours they use during a month.

bkWh A bkWh is one billion (1,000,000,000) kilowatt-hours. The U.S. consumes approximately 3,500 billionkilowatt-hours (bkWh) of electricity a year.



Elementary Answers

Problem 1: 1. Petroleum 2. 7% 3. 93% 4. 85% 5. 9394%

Problem 2: 1. Feb08 2. Apr08 3. Aug07 4. 200 kWh 5. 5,400 kWh

Problem 3: 1. Compact 2. L- SUV 3. 80 mi 4. 75 mi 5. 4 galBONUS: 200 miles

Problem 4: 1. 3 gal 2. 3 gal 3. 3 gal 4. No, it needs 8 gal 5. 4 gal

BONUS: 6.5 gal

Intermediate AnswersRound One: 1. 56.4 MBtu 2. 1/15

3. 13.87 MBD 4. 19.9%

Round Two: 1. 14.5 quads 2. 1/40

3. 810 liters 4. 2.9%

Round Three: 1. 449.5 barrels 2. 1/20

3. 1.17 or 1 Quad 4. 65%

Mega-Question: The totals for the Today list: Renewable6.8 quads, Nonrenewable93.1 quads, and Total

99.9 quads. The total for the 2030 list is 129.9 quads. There are no right or wrong answers for the 2030 pie chartas long as the numbers add up to 129.9 quads.

Secondary Answers

Round One: 1. 19.9% 2. 83.4 million units

3. 840 units 4. 684 bkWh

Round Two: 1. 44.7 or 45% 2. 6.5 quads

3. 411.8 million 4. 2.9 quads

Round Three: 1. 36% 2. 44.1 MBtu

3. 0.66 bkWh 4. 2.13 or 2 quads

Mega-Question: The total for the 2030 list of sources is 129.9 quads. There are no right or wrong answers for the

2030 pie chart as long as the numbers add up to 100%.

Answer Key



ELEMENTARY MATH CHALLENGE

PROBLEM ONE




PROBLEM TWO




PROBLEM THREE




PROBLEM FOUR



1. The average American housing unit uses 45

percent of the total energy it consumes for

heating and cooling rooms. Each month, 4.7

MBtus of energy are used for maintaining

comfortable temperatures in our homes. How

many MBtus of energy does the average housing

unit consume each year for heating and cooling

rooms?

Answer:______________________MBtu

2. Natural gas is often used for heating buildings

and homes. In fact, natural gas heats more than

half of the nations housing units. Reduced to thelowest common denominator, what fraction of the

housing units is heated by propane?

Answer:___________________________

4. What percentage of the nations electricity is

generated by uranium?

Answer:______________________percent

3. The United States consumes more petroleum

than it can produce. Today, the U.S. consumes

20.8 Million Barrels a Day (MBD) of petroleum

only one-third of the petroleum was supplied by

domestic production. To the nearest tenth of an

MBD, how many MBDs are imported from other

nations to supply Americas demand for

petroleum?

Answer:________________________MBD



2. Renewables provide the nation with about

seven percent of the energy the U.S. consumes.

The use of renewable energy sources to generate

electricity accounts for 70 % of their use. Reduced

to the lowest common denominator, what fraction

of the nations renewables is used for

transportation?

Answer:________________________

1. Hydropower is a renewable source of energy.

Hydropower provided 2.9 % of the 99.87 quads

of energy we consumed in 2006. Energy

experts predict hydropower production will

remain relatively constant during the next five

years. How many total quads of energy will

hydropower provide the nation during the next

five years?

Answer:_____________________quads

4. From the graph, what percentage of total energy

consumption is provided by hydropower?

Answer:_________________________

3. Propane is 270 times more compact in its

liquid state than it is as a gas. This makes

propane a very portable source of heat energy.

How many liters of propane gas would a three

liter pressurized tank hold for your next

camping trip?

Answer:_____________________liters



2. Coal generates half the nations electricity.

Uranium, hydropower, and natural gas produce

significant amounts, too. Reduced to the lowest

common denominator, what fraction of electricity

is provided by the other energy sources?

Answer:________________________

1. The United States imports two-thirds of its

petroleum from other countries. The average

daily import is 14.5 million barrels. How many

barrels of petroleum would the nation import

during the month of March?

Answer:______________________barrels

4. From the graph, what percentage of the nations

consumption of biomass energy is provided by

wood and wood waste?

Answer:_____________________percent

3. About 6/7 of the energy given off by the

splitting of uranium atoms is due to the motion

of the splitting atoms. The other 1/7 of the

heat energy is a result of the radiation released.

Uranium provides the nation with 8.2 quads of

energy a year. To the nearest quad, how many

quads of energy are the result of the radiation

released by the splitting uranium atoms?

Answer:_______________________quads



Almost all the energy we use in the United States comes from nonrenewable energy sources. Using the

circle graph below, figure out how many total quads of energy we use today, and how many quads are renewable

and nonrenewable. Write your answers in the spaces below.

By 2030, experts predict that the United States will use 30 percent more energy than we do today. Calculate

how many total quads of energy the United States will use and write it in the space below.

Will we use the same sources to provide that energy or will we use different sources? As a team, discuss

how the energy picture will change by 2030. Fill in the blank circle graph using your teams predictions. The

blank circle graph is 30 percent larger to show you what this increase looks like. How many quads of

renewable energy do you think we will use? How many quads of nonrenewable energy? Add up the figures on

your graph and fill in the total amounts.

MATHchallenge MEGA-QUESTIONINTERMEDIATE

2030 CONSUMPTION

Today

Renewable: quads

Nonrenewable: quads

Total energy use: quads

2030

Renewable: quads

Nonrenewable: quads

Total energy use: quads



1. The United States consumes about 4,000

billion kilowatt-hours (bkWh) of electricity a

year. Uranium fuels about 796 bkWh of this

electrical power generation. To the nearest

tenth of a percent, calculate the percentage of

the nations electricity that is generated by

uranium in nuclear power plants.

Answer:____________________percent

3. Todays power plants convert about one-third

of the energy stored in fuels into electricity.

During these conversions, most of the energy

is transformed into heat rather than electricity.

A certain electric power plant consumes 360

units of energy every day. How many units of

electricity would the plant actually generate in

a week?

Answer:___________________units

4. The U.S. consumes about 4000 billion kilowatt-

hours (bkWh) of electricity a year. How many billion

kilowatt-hours of electricity does natural gas

provide?

Answer:______________bkWh

2. Approximately 72 % of the nations 115.8 million

housing units are heated by natural gas. To the

nearest million, how many housing units in thenation are heated by natural gas?

Answer:____________________units



1. The United States consumes about 20.8

million barrels of petroleum a day. Gasoline, the

number one product produced by the refining of

petroleum, consumes 9.3 million barrels of the

petroleum. To the nearest full percent, calculate

the percentage of petroleum that is refined into

gasoline.

Answer:______________________percent

3. A 42 gallon barrel of petroleum is refined

into kerosene, jet fuel, heating oil, and gasoline

(the number one product). About 18.9 of the

42 gallons of petroleum are refined into

gasoline. A tanker containing 920 million

barrels of petroleum has unloaded its cargo at

the refinery. To the nearest million, how many

barrels of petroleum from the tanker will be

refined into gasoline?

Answer:________________________million

4. The U.S. consumes about 99.9 quads of energy

a year. How many quads of energy does hydropower

provide the United States?

Answer: _______________________quads

2. Hydropower, biomass, wind, and solar energy are

all a result of the suns rays striking the earth.

Geothermal energy, which provides approximately

five percent of the nations renewable energy, is

the only renewable source resulting from energy

found below the earths surface. All five renewable

sources of energy provide the nation with about

6.8 quads of energy. To the nearest tenth of a quad,

how many quads of energy are a result of the suns

rays striking the earths surface?

Answer:_______________________quads



1. To generate electricity, a fossil fuel power

plant consumes 72 units of chemical energy

stored in the fossil fuel. Only 26 units of

electrical energy are actually produced and sent

out over the transmission lines. This loss

occurs because a large amount of the energy

stored in a fossil fuel is changed into thermal

(heat) energy during the generation of electrical

power. To the nearest whole percent, calculate

the efficiency of this power plant at converting

chemical energy into electrical energy.

Answer:_______________________percent

3. When uranium atoms are split, they give off

heat. This heat produces high pressure steam

that turns a turbine in a nuclear power plant.

Each year, the nations 100 nuclear power plants

generate about 796 bkWh of electricity20

percent of total U.S. electricity production. To

the nearest hundredth of a bkWh, how many

bkWh of electricity does the average U.S.

nuclear power plant generate a month?

Answer:________________________ bkWh

4. Biomass provides the nation with 3.28 quads

of energy. How many quads of biomass energy are

provided by wood and wood waste?

Answer:__________________________quads

2. The average American family consumes

approximately 98 Million Btus (MBtus) of energy

a year. Heating and cooling rooms accounts for 45

percent of total household energy use, operating

appliances and lights accounts for 42 percent, and

heating water accounts for 13 percent. To the

nearest MBtu, how many MBtus of energy are

consumed by the average household for heating

and cooling rooms?

Answer:_________________________MBtu



Energy experts predict the nations total annual energy use will increase by 30 percent by the year 2030.

Which energy sources will provide that additional energy? Will all of them change at the same rate as

consumption, or will some sources increase more, while others remain unchanged? Some sources may evendecline in consumption.

Below is a circle graph showing the contribution each of the energy sources provides the nation today. As a

team, discuss what role each of the sources will play in 2030. After your discussion, complete the blank

2030 circle graph. To show you what 30 percent more looks like, the 2030 blank circle graph is 30 percent

larger than todays circle. Make sure you include your reasons for selecting the number of quads each source

will provide in 2030.

MATHchallenge MEGA-QUESTIONSECONDARY

1. Petroleum 38.76 quads

2. Coal 22.57 quads

3. Natural Gas 21.58 quads

4. Uranium 8.21 quads

5. Biomass 3.28 quads

6. Hydropower 2.89 quads

7. Propane 1.90 quads

8. Other 0.68 quadsTOTAL 99.87 quads

1. Petroleum quads

2. Natural Gas quads

3. Coal quads

4. Uranium quads

5. Biomass quads

6. Hydropower quads

7. Propane quads

8. Other quads

TOTAL quads

2030 CONSUMPTION


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ENERGY MATH CHALLENGE

Evaluation Form

State: ___________ Grade Level: ___________ Number of Students: __________

1. Did you conduct the entire activity? Yes No

2. Were the instructions clear and easy to follow? Yes No

3. Did the activity meet your academic objectives? Yes No

4. Was the activity age appropriate? Yes No

5. Were the allotted times sufficient to conduct the activity? Yes No

6. Was the activity easy to use? Yes No

7. Was the preparation required acceptable for the activity? Yes No

8. Were the students interested and motivated? Yes No

9. Was the energy knowledge content age appropriate? Yes No

10. Would you use the activity again? Yes No

How would you rate the activity overall (excellent, good, fair, poor)?

How would your students rate the activity overall (excellent, good, fair, poor)?

What would make the activity more useful to you?

Other Comments:

Please fax or mail to:

NEED Project

PO Box 10101

Manassas, VA 20108

FAX: 1-800-847-1820


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American Association of Blacks in Energy

American Electric Power

American Electric Power Foundation

American Petroleum Institute

American Solar Energy Society

American Wind Energy Association

Aramco Services Company

Armstrong Energy Corporation

Association of Desk & Derrick Clubs

All Wild About Kentuckys Environment

Robert L. Bayless, Producer, LLC

BP Foundation

BP

BP Alaska

BP Solar

Bureau of Land ManagementU.S. Department of the Interior

C&E Operators

Cape and Islands Self Reliance

Cape Cod Cooperative Extension

Cape Light CompactMassachusetts

L.J. and Wilma Carr

Center for the Advancement of ProcessTechnologyCollege of the MainlandTX

Chesapeake Public SchoolsVA

Chesterfield County Public SchoolsVA

Chevron

Chevron Energy Solutions

City of MelroseMA

Colorado Energy Science Center

ComEdConEd Solutions

ConocoPhillips

CPS Energy

Cypress-Fairbanks Independent SchoolDistrictTX

Dart Foundation

Desk and Derrick of Roswell, NM

Devon Energy

Dominion

Dominion Foundation

Duke Energy Kentucky

Duke Energy IndianaDuke Energy North Carolina

Duke Energy South Carolina

East Kentucky Power

EnCana

Energy Information AdministrationU.S. Department of Energy

Energy Training Solutions

Energy and Mineral Law Foundation

Energy Training Solutions

Equitable Resources

NEED National Sponsors and PartnersFPL Energy EncounterFL

First Roswell Company

Florida Department of EnvironmentalProtection

Foundation for Environmental Education

Robert Gorham

Guam Energy Office

Halliburton Foundation

Gerald Harrington, Geologist

Houston Museum of Natural Science

Hydropower Research Foundation

Illinois Clean Energy Community Foundation

Illinois Department of Commerce andEconomic Opportunity

Independent Petroleum Association ofAmerica

Independent Petroleum Association of NewMexico

Indiana Office of Energy and DefenseDevelopment

Interstate Renewable Energy Council

Iowa Energy Center

Kentucky Clean Fuels Coalition

Kentucky Office of Energy Policy

Kentucky Oil and Gas Association

Kentucky Propane Education and ResearchCouncil

Kentucky River Properties LLC

Keyspan

KidWind

Llano Land and Exploration

Long Island Power AuthorityNY

Maine Energy Education Project

Maine Public Service Company

Marianas Islands Energy Office

Maryland Energy Administration

Massachusetts Division of EnergyResources

Michigan Energy Office

Michigan Oil and Gas Producers EducationFoundation

Minerals Management ServiceU.S. Department of the Interior

Mississippi Development AuthorityEnergy

DivisionMontana Energy Education Council

Narragansett ElectricA National Grid Company

NASA Educator Resource CenterWV

National Alternative Fuels Training CenterWest Virginia University

National Association of State EnergyOfficials

National Association of State Universitiesand Land Grant Colleges

National Hydropower Association

National Renewable Energy Laborato

New Jersey Department of EnvironmeProtection

New York Power Authority

North Carolina Department ofAdministrationState Energy Office

Nebraska Public Power District

New Mexico Oil CorporationNew Mexico Landmans Association

New York State Energy Research anDevelopment Authority

Offshore Energy Center/Ocean StarOEC Society

Offshore Technology Conference

Ohio Energy Project

Pacific Gas and Electric Company

Petroleum Equipment SuppliersAssociation

Poudre School DistrictCO

Puerto Rico Energy Affairs Administrat

Puget Sound Energy

Roswell Desk and Derrick Club

Roswell Geological Society

Rhode Island State Energy Office

Sacramento Municipal Utility Distric

Saudi Aramco

Schlumberger

Sentech, Inc.

Shell Exploration and Production

Snohomish County Public Utility DistriWA

Society of Petroleum Engineers

David Sorenson

Southwest Gas

Spring Branch Independent SchoolDistrictTX

Tennessee Department of Economic aCommunity DevelopmentEnergy Divis

Toyota

TransOptions, Inc.

TXU Energy

University of NevadaLas Vegas, NV

United Illuminating Company

U.S. Environmental Protection Agenc

U.S. Department of Energy

U.S. Department of EnergyHydrogeFuel Cells and Infrastructure Technolog

Virgin Islands Energy Office

Virginia Department of Mines, Mineraand Energy

Virginia Department of Education

Virginia General Assembly

Wake County Public SchoolsNC

Western Kentucky Science Alliance

W. Plack Carr Company

KIDS MATH Energy 20Math 20Challenge

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