KFUPM, January 2010
description
Transcript of KFUPM, January 2010
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Design Protocols and Risk Management in Complex Projects with Applications to Water Desalination, Clean Water and Clean Energy Systems
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MIT
KFUPM
(PI) Prof. WarrenSeering
Prof. DavidWallace
Prof. Maria Yang Dr. Victor Tang Dr. Josef Oehmen
Prof. Anwar KhalilSheikh(ME)
(PI) Prof. Abdel-SalamM. Eleiche (ME)
Prof. Iyad Talal Alzaharnah
(ME)
Prof. AbdulazizBazoune
(ME)
Prof. Mohammed Ben Daya
(SE)
Prof. Muhammad Fahad Al-Salamah
(SE)
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Background and Motivation
Background• Engineering design transforms customer needs into physical products or systems• If product or system requires more than a few people to develop, structured processes
should be used to orchestrate work• Large body of research on processes, but in practice, projects laden with inefficiencies• Key decisions made during early phase of system development
– Mistakes very costly
– Ricoh: $35 problem in early phase = $17,000 in mfg = $690,000 at customer (Hamada 96)
• Few risk management methods for early phase of product development
Motivation• Provide framework for utilizing existing and new knowledge bases and methods of
design and risk reduction in the domain of clean water and clean energy
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Project initiatives
Technology Readiness
Risk Management
Design Requirements
Integration with Saudi Industry Partners
Educational Impact – Risk Mgmt Laboratory
Links to other KFUPM-MIT Projects
Research areas
Outreach
Education
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Activities to date
• Identification of project initiatives• Development of a project Wiki (CMS) on the Internet• Five videoconferences from October to December 2009• Visit by Dr. Josef Oehmen of MIT to KFUPM on 7-18 December 2009
– Seminars by Dr. Oehmen to ME and SE Depts
• Round-table discussions with three SA Industry partners on 10 January 2010
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Risk Management in Product Design and Development (PDD)
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Goal– Understanding overall risk in the value chain through factors that can be
addressed in PDD
• Project areas– Considering balancing risks in a portfolio of product development projects
– Improving risk management in PD to reduce risk in down stream processes
Risk Management in Product Design and Development
Early stage design Sales and
marketing
Collaboration with suppliersProduction
ramp up
Product distribution
Risk
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Current work: Literature review
• Focus in the areas of
– Risk management in single product design projects
– Risk management of product design project portfolios
– Integrated risk management across different engineering domains (e.g. PD, production, and service)
• ~ 50 papers and books reviewed so far
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Summary of Conclusions and Research Gap
• Findings from literature– No design process framework and corresponding methods for risk management
in PD– No comprehensive methods for different phases of risk management process– New ISO31000 important in developing risk management reference processes
• Observations for research– Product development managers have to manage portfolios of PD projects, but
no structured approaches– The integration of risk management and product development practices remains
an important and not sufficiently investigated field of research
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Design requirements
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Design Requirements
• Design requirements balance vision of stakeholders (users, development team, regulators…).
– Shared understanding of product goals
• Examples– “The plant must operate under wind speeds of X
kmh”– “The laptop must operate after a drop of Y meters”
• Good design requirements difficult to create– Integration of customer/market needs with
engineering considerations– Limited methodologies
• Research areas– Process of formulating design requirements– Categories of risks in requirements– Changes in requirements over time
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Strategies for generating design requirements
• Elements of design requirements– Customer and user needs, market data– Engineering characteristics– Informal strategies (interviews, surveys) or structured (QFD)– Different practices at different companies
• Research goals:– Literature review and observations of design requirements in industry/case
studies– Categorization of strategies for design requirement generation– Metrics for design requirement “completeness”– Controlled studies of design teams generating design requirements
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Understanding risk in design requirements
• Ways to specify risks in design requirements?– Risks inherent in any design requirement
• Risk of defining a requirement incorrectly• Risk of omitting a design requirement• Risk of not meeting the requirement• Interactions among risks• Others…
– Which are important to evaluate?
• Research goals: – Define categories of risk in design requirement specification– Evaluate design requirements and risks generated in industrial settings– Controlled studies of design teams generating design requirements
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Flexibility in specifying design requirements
• Design requirements often change over time– New information during development
• Ideal: design team maintains shared understanding during changes
• What does “flexibility” in design requirements look like?
– Set-based design (Ward, et al 90)
• Research goals– Track how design requirements change over time
• Industry settings• Laboratory environment
– Metrics for “flexibility” in design requirements
Design freedom100%
Time
Knowledge about the design
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Technology readiness levels
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Technology Readiness Levels: What is it? Origin? Generic uses?
• The Original Model/Use Description.
• Other Models/Applications.
• Our objectives?
NAS
A’s
TRL
Scal
ewww.wikipedia.com
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The TRL: Origin/Primary Purpose/Uses
NASA developed (in early 1990s) a new standard: the Technology Readiness Level or TRL to assess the maturity of evolving technologies (especially related to the sustainable energy technologies).
Origin
Primary Purpose
Definition They are a scale that describes the maturity of a technology with
respect to a particular use- Scale from 1 (least mature) to 9 (most mature).
To help engineers, technology development managers, and researchers make decisions concerning the development and transition of technology.:
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Original Model/Use Description
ReferenceReference : :John C. Mankins (Advanced Concepts OfficeJohn C. Mankins (Advanced Concepts Office of Space Access and Technology NASAof Space Access and Technology NASA((
TRL 1 Basic principles observed and reported
TRL 9 Actual system “flight proven” through successful mission operations
The
Trad
ition
al N
ASA
TRL
Leve
lsA Classical Model for a
Technology Product; the Development Generally Includes
Following Successive Stages
‘basic’ research
Focused Technology Development
Technology Development & Demonstration
System Development
NASA’s Description: TRLs represent a systematic metric/measurement system that supports assessments of the maturity of a particular technology and the consistent comparison of maturity between different types of technology.
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Other Articulated Models
The U.S. Department of Defense
(DOD) Model
The U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE) Model
Technology Readiness Assessment (TRA) model, which consists of three sequential steps:
- Identifying the Critical Technology Elements (CTEs). - Assessing the Technology Readiness Level (TRL). [as an intermediate stage in the technology development process]
- Developing a Technology Maturation Plan (TMP).
The European Space Agency
Model TRL
(N-1
)
TRL
(N)
YES
NO Desc
ripti
on
Requir
em
ents
Veri
fica
tio
n
Via
bili
ty
“Generic Technology Readiness
Assessment Steps”
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Technology Readiness Level Initiative
PublishedApplications in
Technical (technology) Research
• FUSION ENERGY• Plasma and Power Flow in a Reactor• NEXT Ion Propulsion System,
Objectives:: •Developing an understanding through implementing on ongoing selected projects (A preliminary questionnaire has been developed-It has been implemented on some of the ongoing projects from MIT side).
•Developing strategic next steps that might be taken to advance the technology’s readiness, and/or mitigate technology readiness risks.
•The recommendation for advancing technology readiness can be further enhanced by incorporating proven methods for product requirement specification and risk management in product development.
LeGresley et al 2000
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Collaboration with other KFUPM researchers
• Preliminary evaluation of metric with two KFUPM-MIT faculty on their projects
– Initial TRL metric adapted from NASA– Prof. Evelyn Wang– Prof. Rohit Karnik
• Initial findings– Different aspects of the same technology may have different TRL levels– Define the end goal of doing the TRL metric
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Education : The Quality, Reliability and Risk Management Lab
Goals :
• To establish a state of the art Quality, Reliability and Risk Management lab at KFUPM
• To develop educational modules in the areas of quality, reliability, and maintenance, manufacturing, and risk management.
Objectives of the lab :
• Provide state-of-the-art extensive suite of quality, reliability and risk management software, research documentation and expertise to support the research project
• Enhance the capacity of KFUPM researchers to help their industrial partners and potential clients in terms of quality, reliability and risk management in product development and allied areas in operations of products and systems.
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Education: The Quality, Reliability and Risk Management Lab
Objectives, cont• Support teaching activities involving ME and SE departments with respect to relevant
courses and industrial training programs
• Support teaching activities by providing tools to enhance existing and new courses at both ME and SE departments in the area of quality, reliability, manufacturing and maintenance and industrial training programs ‘
• Develop several teaching (learning) modules, that can benefit from the research
outcomes of the project and are within the scope of proposed lab
• Develop two training modules (or short courses) for industrial partners in the area of quality, reliability and risk management in product development and operations management
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Engaging Saudi Industrial Partners
• Understand project initiatives in context of real world problems
• The success of most is driven by product innovation, adaptation, and customization
• Representatives of Aramco R&D Center, SABIC and Al-Zamil Group attended the January 10, 2010 Industry Round Table Meeting and met with the KFUPM-MIT team
• Preparing for a Workshop with potential Industrial Partners to be held in March or April
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• KFUPM-MIT Engineering Design Roundtable January 10, 2010
Center for Clean WaterAnd Clean Energy at MIT & KFUPM
Department of Mechanical Engineering
KFUPM, January 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Thank you!