KEY SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS Jacques LABRE Vice – President Relations with...
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Transcript of KEY SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS Jacques LABRE Vice – President Relations with...
KEY SUCCESS FACTORS forWATER REUSE PROJECTS
Jacques LABREVice – President Relations with Institutions
Suez [email protected]
18/04/23 SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS (Labre) 2
Sources for this presentation
Outcome of a workshop held during the World Water Congress of International Water Association in Vienna (September 2008) “Water Reuse : How to make things happen”
Experience of Suez Environnement companies (Degrémont , United Water …) in the implementation of water reuse projects globally( Italy , Mexico , Qatar , California …)
18/04/23 SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS (Labre) 3
Issues about reuse of urban wastewater do vary according to regions
« South » « North »
Situation of reuse Spontaneous direct reuse in periurban agriculture
Direct reuse is marginal « Indirect reuse » is the common situation
Major objectives Improve « traditional » practices so as to reduce health risks
Reduce pressure on natural water bodies Protect public health
Major obstacles Lack of infrastructureLack of finance
Social acceptance
18/04/23 SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS (Labre) 4
Indirect water reuse : common situation
Source : T. Asano
Irrigated farmland
(indirect reuse)
Irrigated farmland
(direct reuse)
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Key messages from Vienna
1. Waste water reuse must be considered as part of an integrated water resources management policy in a given area
Quality standards should be consistent for direct and indirect reuse
Quality of reclaimed water must be customized to users’ needs
2. The appropriateness of the institutional framework is critical , since the success of a reuse project requires the support of many stakeholders groups
social acceptance of urban reuse is a matter of trust between the citizens and water authorities
3. The cost of water reclamation must be shared between water users and taxpayers in a way that reflects the multiple benefits of the projects
Direct water reuse (vs abstraction from natural bodies) will develop only if potential users have an incentive (or an obligation) to do so
18/04/23 SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS (Labre) 6
Reuse as part of Integrated Water Resource Management
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Catchment Management
Water Reuse
Surface Water
Groundwater
Water Trading
Desalination
Smarter use of Water
Australian vision : the toolbox
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Reuse is the ultimate process of the waste water management chain
Tunisia case• Global situation
368 km3/year wastewater collected
160 km3/year wastewater treated 7,1 km3/year (4,5%)
reclaimed
18/04/23 SUCCESS FACTORS for WATER REUSE PROJECTS (Labre) 9
Need for a consistent approach between direct and indirect reuse : case of the Apulia region (Italy)
10.000 UCF/mlE. Coli
11
E. Coli
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Customization of reclaimed water : the case of West Basin municipal water district (USA)
The plant provides additional treatment to 50 million m3/year of treated effluent from the City of Los Angeles
Five different qualities of water are produced for diverse uses:• Industrial MF, RO , Nitrified
- Refineries- Boiler feedwater- Cooling tower water
• Irrigation Tertiary- Landscape (golf courses, etc.)
• Municipal Tertiary- Street cleaning
• Commercial MF- Toilets & urinals
• Aquifer recharge (Seawater Barrier) RO
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West Basin Water Reuse Facility (Southern California)
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Stakeholder participation as a key driver for success
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Water reuse is less energy intensive than desal … Compared energy requirements
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Waste water reclamation(tertiary)
Waste water reclamation(quaternary)
Seawater desalination RO
Seawater desal RO1 + RO2
kWh/m3
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… but reuse projects are more difficult to implement than desalination
• Desalination is the most straightforward option to produce additional freshwater
• Water reuse projects are politically complex- involve many stakeholders- health standards more stringent - perception problems , sensitivity to media campaigns
Therefore a participative process is key• Involvement of all stakeholders from the beginning (general
public, health people, users of reclaimed water, environmental associations, etc …)
• Trust in the authority / operator delivering the reclaimed water
• Marketing approach with commercial clients for reclaimed water
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Range of costs for water reuse (without distribution cost)
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6
Integral recycling (zerodischarge - industry)
Quaternary treatment /Groundwater recharge
Tertiary treatment /Process water for industry
Tertiary treatment /use inlandscaping
Secondary treatment /restricted irrig
Informal in nearbyagriculture
US$/m3
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Source :Institutional and economic framework of water reuse in Costa Brava – Dalmau & Sala
Tariff policy of the public authority (Consorci de la Costa Brava) : reclaimed water may be
Non-billable, when reclaimed water is used in the public interest ; expenses are covered by the Catalan Water Agency (77%). Examples• Aquifer recharge for resource augmentation and
for seawater intrusion control• Environmental reuse in wetlands • Irrigation for farmers who have had their resources
reduced to favour the production of drinking water Billable, when there is a private end user (23%) .
Average price : 0.12 €/m3 .Examples:• Golf courses• Farmers , wineries
Sharing cost of water reclamation between water users and taxpayers : case of the Costa Brava (Spain)
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Conclusion : key success factors
A change of mentality:• from “treating wastewater so it can be
discharged” to “reclaiming it so it can be reused”
A good balance between• regulatory obligations and economic incentives• precautions for health protection and promotion
of a “recycling economy”• sound technical project and smart communication