Key Findings Wpp 2015

ESA/P/WP.241 Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division

World Population Prospects

The 2015 Revision

Key Findings and Advance Tables

United Nations New York, 2015

DESA The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities.

Note The designations employed in this report and the material presented in it do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. This publication has been issued without formal editing. Suggested citation: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.241. Cover photo credit: © UN Photo/Martine Perret.

ERRATUM: Values in the advance tables have been updated for Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon and Canada.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 1 World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables

WORLD POPULATION PROSPECTS: THE 2015 REVISION

SUMMARY AND KEY FINDINGS Understanding the demographic changes that are likely to unfold over the coming years, as well as the challenges and opportunities that they present for achieving sustainable development, is important for designing and implementing the post-2015 development agenda. The 2015 Revision of World Population Prospects is the twenty-fourth round of official United Nations population estimates and projections that have been prepared by the Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat. The 2015 Revision builds on the previous revision by incorporating additional results from the 2010 round of national population censuses as well as findings from recent specialized demographic and health surveys that have been carried out around the world. The 2015 Revision provides the demographic data and indicators to assess population trends at the global, regional and national levels and to calculate many other key indicators commonly used by the United Nations system. Snapshot of global population in 2015 According to the results of the 2015 Revision, the world population reached 7.3 billion as of mid-2015 (table 1), implying that the world has added approximately one billion people in the span of the last twelve years. Sixty per cent of the global population lives in Asia (4.4 billion), 16 per cent in Africa (1.2 billion), 10 per cent in Europe (738 million), 9 per cent in Latin America and the Caribbean (634 million), and the remaining 5 per cent in Northern America (358 million) and Oceania (39 million). China (1.4 billion) and India (1.3 billion) remain the two largest countries of the world, both with more than 1 billion people, representing 19 and 18 per cent of the world’s population, respectively.

TABLE 1. POPULATION OF THE WORLD AND MAJOR AREAS, 2015, 2030, 2050 AND 2100, ACCORDING TO THE MEDIUM-VARIANT PROJECTION

Major area Population (millions)

2015 2030 2050 2100

World .......................................................... 7 349 8 501 9 725 11 213

Africa .......................................................... 1 186 1 679 2 478 4 387

Asia ............................................................. 4 393 4 923 5 267 4 889

Europe ......................................................... 738 734 707 646

Latin America and the Caribbean ............... 634 721 784 721

Northern America ....................................... 358 396 433 500

Oceania ....................................................... 39 47 57 71

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. New York: United Nations.

In 2015, 50.4 per cent of the world’s population is male and 49.6 per cent is female (figure 1). The median age of the global population, that is, the age at which half the population is older and half is younger, is 29.6 years. About one-quarter (26 per cent) of the world’s people are under 15 years of age, 62 per cent are aged 15-59 years, and 12 per cent are 60 or over.

2 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables

Figure 1. Distribution of the world’s population by age and sex, 2015


Projected growth in the world population

Currently, the world population continues to grow though more slowly than in the recent past. Ten years ago, world population was growing by 1.24 per cent per year. Today, it is growing by 1.18 per cent per year, or approximately an additional 83 million people annually. The world population is projected to increase by more than one billion people within the next 15 years, reaching 8.5 billion in 2030, and to increase further to 9.7 billion in 2050 and 11.2 billion by 2100 (figure 2).

Figure 2. Population of the world: estimates, 1950-2015, medium-variant

projection and 80 and 95 per cent confidence intervals, 2015-2100

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. New York: United Nations. .


As with any type of projection, there is a degree of uncertainty surrounding these latest population projections. The results presented above are based on the medium projection variant, which assumes a decline of fertility for countries where large families are still prevalent as well as a slight increase of fertility in several countries with fewer than two children per woman on average. Survival prospects are also projected to improve in all countries. The uncertainty surrounding the median trajectories is accounted for with statistical methods that enable the Population Division to make statements about the degree of uncertainty in these projections. For example, one can say with a 95 per cent degree of confidence that global population will be between 8.4 and 8.6 billion in 2030 and between 9.5 and 13.3 billion in 2100. In other words, global population is virtually certain to rise in the short-to-medium term future. Later in the century, global population is likely to continue to rise, but there is roughly a 23 per cent chance that it could stabilize or begin to fall before 2100. Africa is the fastest-growing major area More than half of global population growth between now and 2050 is expected to occur in Africa. Africa has the highest rate of population growth among major areas, growing at a pace of 2.55 per cent annually in 2010-2015 (figure 3). Consequently, of the additional 2.4 billion people projected to be added to the global population between 2015 and 2050, 1.3 billion will be added in Africa. Asia is projected to be the second largest contributor to future global population growth, adding 0.9 billion people between 2015 and 2050, followed by Northern America, Latin America and the Caribbean and Oceania, which are projected to have much smaller increments. In the medium variant, Europe is projected to have a smaller population in 2050 than in 2015.

Figure 3. Average annual rate of population change by major area, estimates, 2000-2015, and medium-variant projection, 2015-2100


A rapid population increase in Africa is anticipated even if there is a substantial reduction of fertility levels in the near future. The medium variant projection assumes that fertility will fall from 4.7 children per women in 2010-2015 to 3.1 in 2045-2050, reaching 2.2 by 2095-2100. After 2050, Africa is expected to be the only major area still experiencing substantial population growth. As a result, Africa’s share of global population is projected to grow to 25 per cent in 2050 and 39 per cent by 2100, while the share residing in Asia will fall to 54 per cent in 2050 and 44 per cent in 2100. Regardless of the uncertainty surrounding future trends in fertility in Africa, the large number of young people currently on the


continent who will reach adulthood in the coming years and have children of their own, ensures that the region will play a central role in shaping the size and distribution of the world’s population over the coming decades.

Population growth remains especially high in the group of 48 countries designated by the United Nations as the least developed countries (LDCs), of which 27 are in Africa. Although the growth rate of the LDCs is projected to slow from its current 2.4 per cent annually, the population of this group is projected to double in size from 954 million inhabitants in 2015 to 1.9 billion in 2050 and further increase to 3.2 billion in 2100. Between 2015 and 2100, the populations of 33 countries, most of them LDCs, have a high probability of at least tripling. Among them, the populations of Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Mali, Niger, Somalia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia are projected to increase at least five-fold by 2100. The concentration of population growth in the poorest countries will make it harder for those governments to eradicate poverty and inequality, combat hunger and malnutrition, expand education enrolment and health systems, improve the provision of basic services and implement other elements of a sustainable development agenda to ensure that no-one is left behind. Europe projected to experience shrinking population In sharp contrast, the populations of 48 countries or areas in the world are expected to decrease between 2015 and 2050. Several countries are expected to see their populations decline by more than 15 per cent by 2050, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Serbia, and Ukraine. Fertility in all European countries is now below the level required for full replacement of the population in the long run (around 2.1 children per woman, on average), and in the majority of cases, fertility has been below the replacement level for several decades. Fertility for Europe as a whole is projected to increase from 1.6 children per women in 2010-2015 to 1.8 in 2045-2050, but such an increase will not prevent a likely contraction of the total population size. Most of the increase in world population can be attributed to a short list of countries At the country level, much of the overall increase between now and 2050 is projected to occur either in high-fertility countries, mainly in Africa, or in countries with large populations. During 2015-2050, half of the world’s population growth is expected to be concentrated in nine countries: India, Nigeria, Pakistan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America, Indonesia and Uganda, listed according to the size of their contribution to the total growth.

The new projections include some notable findings at the country level. For example, within seven years, the population of India is expected to surpass that of China. Currently, the population of China is approximately 1.38 billion compared with 1.31 billion in India. By 2022, both countries are expected to have approximately 1.4 billion people. Thereafter, India’s population is projected to continue growing for several decades to 1.5 billion in 2030 and 1.7 billion in 2050, while the population of China is expected to remain fairly constant until the 2030s, after which it is expected to slightly decrease.

Among the ten largest countries in the world, one is in Africa (Nigeria), five are in Asia (Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, and Pakistan), two are in Latin America (Brazil and Mexico), one is in Northern America (United States of America), and one is in Europe (Russian Federation). Amongst these, Nigeria’s population, currently the seventh largest in the world, is growing the most rapidly. Consequently, the population of Nigeria is projected to surpass that of the United States by about 2050, at which point it would become the third largest country in the world. By 2050, six of the ten largest countries in the world are expected to exceed 300 million: China, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and United States of America.


Future population growth is highly dependent on the path that future fertility will take The population levels projected in the medium variant are an outcome of the substantial projected declines in fertility. According to the medium variant of the 2015 Revision, global fertility is projected to fall from 2.5 children per woman in 2010-2015 to 2.4 in 2025-2030 and 2.0 in 2095-2100. Steep reductions are projected for the least developed countries, from 4.3 in 2010-2015 to 3.5 in 2025-2030 and 2.1 in 2095-2100. However, for countries with high fertility there is significant uncertainty in the projection of fertility, even in the 15-year horizon of the post-2015 development agenda, and more so in the long-term projection to 2100. Slower-than-projected fertility declines would result in much higher population totals in all subsequent time periods. For example, a scenario in which all countries had a fertility rate that was consistently half a child higher than in the medium variant would produce a population of 16.6 billion in 2100, more than 5 billion higher than the medium-variant projection. To realize the substantial reductions in fertility projected in the medium variant, it is essential to invest in reproductive health and family planning, particularly in the least developed countries, so that women and couples can achieve their desired family size. In 2015, the use of modern contraceptive methods in the least developed countries was estimated at around 34 per cent among women of reproductive age who were married or in union, and a further 22 per cent of such women had an unmet need for family planning, meaning that they were not using any method of contraception despite a stated desire or intention to avoid or delay childbearing. Large variations in fertility levels across countries and regions In recent decades many countries have experienced major reductions in average family size. Today, countries of the world can be roughly classified into three groups depending on their current level of fertility. It is now estimated that 46 per cent of the world’s population lives in countries with low levels of fertility where women have fewer than 2.1 children, on average, over their life-times. Low-fertility countries now include all of Europe and Northern America, plus 20 countries of Asia, 17 in Latin America and the Caribbean, 3 in Oceania and 1 in Africa. The largest low-fertility countries are China, the United States, Brazil, the Russian Federation, Japan and Viet Nam. Another 46 per cent of the world’s population lives in “intermediate fertility” countries that have already experienced substantial fertility decline and where women have on average between 2.1 and 5 children. Intermediate-fertility countries are found in many regions, with the largest being India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Mexico, and the Philippines. The remaining 9 per cent of the world’s population lives in “high-fertility” countries that have experienced only limited fertility decline to date. In these countries the average woman has 5 or more children over her lifetime. Of the 21 high-fertility countries, 19 are in Africa and 2 are in Asia. The largest are Nigeria, Democratic Republic of Congo, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda and Afghanistan. Adolescent childbearing can have important health and social consequences both for adolescent girls and for the children they bear. Although fertility in this age range has fallen in most countries, high adolescent fertility remains a concern in some areas. Among the major areas of the world, the adolescent birth rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15-19) in 2010-2015 was highest in Africa at 98 per 1,000 women, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean at 67 per 1,000. Increasing longevity around the world; progress against major challenges The 2015 Revision confirms that significant gains in life expectancy have been achieved in recent years. Globally, life expectancy at birth rose by 3 years between 2000-2005 and 2010-2015, that is from 67 to 70 years. All major areas shared in the life expectancy gains over this period, but the greatest


increases were in Africa, where life expectancy rose by 6 years in the 2000s after rising by only 2 years in the previous decade. Life expectancy in Africa in 2010-2015 stood at 60 years, compared to 72 years in Asia, 75 years in Latin America and the Caribbean, 77 years in Europe and in Oceania and 79 years in Northern America. Under-five mortality, expressed as the probability of dying between birth and a child’s fifth birthday, is an important indicator of development and the well-being of children. Globally, deaths among children under age five fell from 71 per 1,000 live births in 2000-2005 to an estimated 50 per 1,000 in 2010-2015. Absolute declines were particularly large in Sub-Saharan Africa (142 to 99 per 1,000) and in the least developed countries (125 to 86 per 1,000). The reduction of under-five mortality, which has received intense global attention as the target of Millennium Development Goal 4, has proceeded swiftly in many countries in the past decade. In the majority of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and the group of LDCs, the annual pace of decline in under-five mortality accelerated after 2000. Globally, life expectancy at birth is projected to rise from 70 years in 2010-2015 to 77 years in 2045-2050 and to 83 years in 2095-2100. Africa is projected to gain about 19 years of life expectancy by the end of the century, reaching 70 years in 2045-2050 and 78 years in 2095-2100. Such increases are contingent on further reductions in the spread of HIV, and combating successfully other infectious as well as non-communicable diseases. Both Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean are projected to gain 13-14 years of life expectancy by 2095-2100, while Europe, Northern America and Oceania are projected to gain 10-11 years. Volume of international migration continues to be high Internal and international migration can be positive forces for economic and social development as they offer a mechanism to rebalance labour markets in areas of origin and destination, and to accelerate the diffusion of new ideas and technologies. Migration can also result in significant flows of remittances to areas of origin. Overall, international migration is a much smaller component of population change than births or deaths. However, in some countries and areas the impact of migration on population size is significant, including in countries that send or receive proportionately large numbers of economic migrants or those affected by refugee flows. Overall, between 1950 and 2015, the major areas of Europe, Northern America and Oceania have been net receivers of international migrants, while Africa, Asia and Latin and the Caribbean have been net senders, with the volume of net migration generally increasing over time. From 2000 to 2015, average annual net migration to Europe, Northern America and Oceania averaged 2.8 million persons per year. When countries are grouped by income rather than geography, the attraction of high-income countries is even more evident: from 2000 to 2015, high-income countries received an average of 4.1 million net migrants annually from lower- and middle-income countries. In the future, net migration is projected to be a major contributor to population growth in many high-income countries. Between 2015 and 2050, total births in the group of high-income countries are projected to exceed deaths by 20 million, while the net gain in migrants is projected to be 91 million. Thus, in the medium variant, net migration is projected to account for 82 per cent of population growth in the high-income countries. The movement of people from Asia, Africa and Latin America to Europe, Northern America and Oceania have dominated the world migration patterns for almost half a century, but flows among developing countries have also been important. Several high-income and middle-income countries in the “global south” have also been attracting migrants in large numbers for several years.


Large and persistent economic and demographic asymmetries between countries are likely to remain powerful generators of international migration within the foreseeable future. Between 2015 and 2050, the top net receivers of international migrants (more than 100,000 annually) are projected to be the United States of America, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, the Russian Federation and Italy. The countries projected to have net emigration of more than 100,000 annually include India, Bangladesh, China, Pakistan and Mexico. Populations in many parts of the world are still young; opportunity for demographic dividend Populations in many regions are still young. In Africa, children under age 15 account for 41 per cent of the population in 2015 and young persons aged 15 to 24 account for a further 19 per cent. Latin America and the Caribbean and Asia, which have seen greater declines in fertility, have smaller percentages of children (26 and 24 per cent, respectively) and similar percentages of youth (17 and 16 per cent, respectively). In total, these three regions are home to 1.7 billion children and 1.1 billion young persons in 2015. Providing these generations with health care, education, and employment opportunities, including in the poorest countries and groups, is a pivotal focus of the post-2015 agenda. Proportions of children in the populations of many countries of these regions are projected to decline further in the near-term future, while the size and the proportion of populations in the prime working ages can be expected to grow. Countries with a relatively high ratio of working to dependent populations have the possibility of benefitting from a “demographic dividend,” provided that appropriate labour market and other policies allow for a productive absorption of the growing working-age population and for increased investments in the human capital of children and youth. Globally, population aged 60 or over is the fastest growing As fertility declines and life expectancy rises, the proportion of the population above a certain age rises. This phenomenon, known as population ageing, is occurring throughout the world. In 2015, there are 901 million people aged 60 or over, comprising 12 per cent of the global population. The population aged 60 or above is growing at a rate of 3.26 per cent per year. Currently, Europe has the greatest percentage of its population aged 60 or over (24 per cent), but rapid ageing will occur in other parts of the world as well, so that, by 2050, all major areas of the world except Africa will have nearly a quarter or more of their populations aged 60 or over. The number of older persons in the world is projected to be 1.4 billion by 2030 and 2.1 billion by 2050, and could rise to 3.2 billion in 2100. In the short-to-medium term, higher numbers of older population are inevitable, given that the relevant cohorts are already alive. Population ageing is projected to have a profound effect on the number of workers per retiree in various countries, as measured by the Potential Support Ratio (PSR), defined as the number of people aged 20 to 64 divided by the number of people aged 65 and over. Currently, African countries, on average, have 12.9 people aged 20 to 64 for every person aged 65 or above, while Asian countries have PSRs of 8.0, Latin America and the Caribbean 7.6, Oceania 4.8 and Europe and Northern America at or under 4. Japan, at 2.1, has the lowest PSR in the world, although seven European countries also have PSRs below 3. By 2050, seven Asian countries, 24 European countries, and four countries of Latin America and the Caribbean are expected to have PSRs below 2, underscoring the fiscal and political pressures that the health care systems as well as the old-age and social protection systems of many countries are likely to face in the not-too-distant future.


Key Findings

1. In July 2015, world population reached 7.3 billion. The world has added one billion people since 2003 and two billion since 1990. In 2015, 50.4 per cent of the world was male and 49.6 per cent was female. In 2015, 9.1 per cent of the world’s population was under age 5, 26.1 per cent was under age 15, 12.3 per cent was 60 or over and 1.7 per cent was 80 or over.

2. In 2016, it is projected that 83 million people will be added to the world’s population. Even

assuming that fertility levels will continue to decline, the global population is still expected to reach 8.5 billion in 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050 and 11.2 billion in 2100, according to the medium projection variant.

3. Continued population growth until 2050 is almost inevitable, even if the decline of fertility

accelerates. There is an 80 per cent probability that the population of world will be between 8.4 and 8.6 billion in 2030, between 9.4 and 10 billion in 2050 and between 10 and 12.5 billion in 2100.

4. Future population growth is highly dependent on the path that future fertility will take, as

relatively small changes in fertility behaviour, when projected over several decades, can generate large differences in total population. In the medium-variant projection, global fertility declines from 2.5 children per women in 2010-2015 to 2.25 children per women in 2045-2050 and 2.0 children per women in 2095-2100. If fertility were to be consistently half a child above those levels, world population would reach 10.8 billion by 2050 and 16.6 billion by 2100. Fertility levels consistently half a child below the medium variant would lead to a population of 8.7 billion by mid-century and 7.3 billion by 2100.

5. In recent years, fertility has declined in virtually all major areas of the world. In Africa, where

fertility levels are the highest of any major area, total fertility has fallen from 4.9 children per woman in 2005-2010 to 4.7 children per woman in 2010-2015. Fertility levels have also fallen in Asia and Oceania over the same period, from 2.3 to 2.2 children per woman in Asia and from 2.5 to 2.4 children per woman in Oceania. Recent fertility declines have been slightly larger in Latin America and the Caribbean where fertility has fallen from 2.3 to 2.15 and in Northern America where fertility has fallen from 2.0 in 2005-2010 to 1.86 in 2010-2015. Europe is the only major area that was an exception to this trend. In recent years, total fertility in Europe has increased slightly from 1.55 children per woman in 2005-2010 to 1.6 children per woman in 2010-2015.

6. The 48 least developed countries (LDCs) as a whole still have high total fertility (4.3 children

per woman in 2010-2015) and fast growing populations, at 2.4 per cent per year. Although this rate of increase is expected to slow significantly over the next decades, the population of the LDCs, 954 million in 2015, is projected to increase 39 per cent between 2015 and 2030, and to double to 1.9 billion persons by mid-century.

7. The slowdown in population growth brought about by a reduction in fertility is associated with

population ageing; that is, as the population growth rate falls over time, the proportion of older persons increases while that of younger persons decreases. In 2015, there were more than twice as many children under the age of 15 in the world as there are older persons aged 60 or above. By 2050, however, there will be almost complete global parity between the number of older persons aged 60 and above and the number of children under the age of 15.

8. In Europe, 24 per cent of the population is already aged 60 years or over and that proportion is

projected to reach 34 per cent in 2050 and 35 per cent in 2100. Other major areas of the world


are also projected to experience significant population ageing over the next several decades. For Latin America and the Caribbean, the population will be transformed from having just 11 per cent of the total aged 60 or over in 2015 to having 26 per cent aged 60 or over by 2050. Similarly, Asia is expected to shift from 12 per cent aged 60 or over to 25 per cent by 2050, Northern America from 21 per cent to 28 percent by 2050, and Oceania from 16 per cent to 23 per cent by 2050. Africa has the youngest age distribution of any major area. Nevertheless, it is also projected to age rapidly over the next 35 years, with the percentage of its population aged 60 or over rising from 5 per cent in 2015 to 9 per cent by 2050.

9. Globally, the number of persons aged 60 and above is expected to more than double by 2050 and

more than triple by 2100, increasing from 901 million in 2015 to 2.1 billion in 2050 and 3.2 billion in 2100. Sixty-six per cent of the increase between 2015 and 2050 will occur in Asia, 13 per cent in Africa, 11 per cent in Latin America and the Caribbean, and the remaining 10 per cent in other areas.

10. The number of persons aged 80 or over is projected to more than triple by 2050 and to increase

more than seven-fold by 2100. Globally, the number of persons aged 80 or over is projected to increase from 125 million in 2015 to 434 million in 2050 and 944 million in 2100. In 2015, 28 per cent of all persons aged 80 and over lived in Europe, but that share is expected to decline to 16 per cent by 2050 and 9 per cent by 2100 as the populations of other major areas continue to increase in size and to grow older themselves.

11. Although the populations of all countries are expected to age over the foreseeable future, the

population will remain relatively young, at least in the short-term, in countries where fertility is still high.

12. The median age, that is, the age that divides the population in two halves of equal size, is an

indicator of population ageing. Globally, the median age is projected to increase from 30 to 36 years between 2015 and 2050 and to 42 years in 2100. The median age is higher in countries or regions that have been experiencing low fertility for a long time. Europe today has the oldest population, with a median age of 42 years in 2015, which is expected to reach 46 years in 2050 and then 47 years in 2100. By comparison, the median age for the least developed countries as a whole is 20 years in 2015 and is projected to reach 26 years in 2050 and 36 years in 2100.

13. Africa continues to experience very high rates of population growth. Between 2015 and 2050,

the populations of 28 African countries are projected to more than double. By 2100, ten African countries are projected to increase by at least five-fold: Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Mali, Niger, Somalia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia.

14. Forty-eight countries or areas are projected to experience population decline between 2015 and

2050. Eleven countries are expected to see their populations decline by more than 15 per cent by 2050: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Serbia, and Ukraine.

15. Nine countries are expected to account for more than half of the world’s projected population

increase over the period 2015-2050: India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, the United Republic of Tanzania, the United States of America, Indonesia, and Uganda, listed according to the size of their contribution to global population growth.

16. The 2015 Revision confirms that fertility has continued to fall in the vast majority of countries,

particularly those where it was recently at high levels. Among countries with at least 90,000 inhabitants in 2015, the number with high fertility (5 children or more per woman) has roughly


halved from 40 countries in 2000-2005 to 21 in 2010-2015. Afghanistan and Timor-Leste were the only two countries outside of Africa where total fertility was above 5 children per woman during 2010-2015. Among 126 countries where total fertility was above the replacement level (2.1 children per woman) in 2005-2010, fertility has fallen in 108 of them between 2005-2010 and 2010-2015.

17. More and more countries now have below-replacement fertility and in many cases have had

below-replacement fertility for several decades. Eighty-three countries had below-replacement fertility during 2010-2015, and in 25 of those countries, fertility was below 1.5 children per woman. In a number of countries, fertility rates have fluctuated slightly in the recent past. Fifty-four countries with below-replacement fertility in 2010-2015 recorded a slight increase in fertility at some point between 2000-2005 and 2010-2015, although 21 of these countries subsequently experienced slight downturns in 2010-2015. Only four European countries have experienced above-replacement fertility during any 5-year period since 1990-1995.

18. In 2010-2015, the 83 countries with below-replacement fertility accounted for 46 per cent of the

world’s population. The most populous countries with below replacement fertility are China, the United States of America, Brazil, the Russian Federation, Japan, Viet Nam, Germany, the Islamic Republic of Iran, and Thailand, in order of population size.

19. Globally, total fertility is expected to fall from 2.5 children per woman in 2010-2015 to 2.25 in

2045-2050 and to 2.0 in 2095-2100 according to the medium-variant projection. However, in Europe and Northern America, total fertility is projected to increase between 2010-2015 and 2045-2050 from 1.6 to 1.8 children per woman in Europe and from 1.86 to 1.9 children per woman in Northern America. In Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Oceania, fertility is expected to fall between 2010-2015 and 2045-2050, with the largest reductions projected to occur in Africa. Thus, in all major areas of the world, fertility levels are projected to converge to a level at or just below the replacement level by 2095-2100.

20. Adolescent childbearing, which can have important health and social consequences both for

adolescent girls and for the children they bear, has fallen in most countries. Nevertheless, high adolescent fertility remains a concern in certain parts of the world. Among major areas, the adolescent birth rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15-19) in 2010-2015 was highest in Africa, at 98 per 1,000 women, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean at 67 per 1,000.

21. The 2015 Revision confirms that substantial improvements in life expectancy have occurred in

recent years. Globally, life expectancy at birth has risen from 65 years for men and 69 years for women in 2000-2005 to 68 years for men and 73 years for women in 2010-2015. The highest levels of life expectancy at birth in 2010-2015 are to be found in China, Hong Kong SAR (84 years, both sexes combined) followed by Japan, Italy, Switzerland, Singapore, Iceland, Spain, Australia, and Israel, in descending order. Globally, life expectancy is projected to rise from 70 years in 2010-2015 to 77 years in 2045-2050 and eventually to 83 years in 2095-2100.

22. Life expectancy at birth has increased significantly in the least developed countries in recent

years. The six-year average gain in life expectancy among the poorest countries, from 56 years in 2000-2005 to 62 years in 2010-2015, is roughly double the increase recorded in the rest of the world. While significant differences in life expectancy across major areas and income groups are projected to continue, they are expected to diminish significantly by 2045-2050.

23. The under-five mortality rate, expressed as the probability of dying between birth and age 5, is

an important indicator of development and the well-being of children. Target 4.a of the Millennium Development Goals was to reduce the under-five mortality rate by two thirds


between 1990 and 2015. While the MDG Target will not be achieved globally by the end of 2015, progress in reducing under-five mortality has been very significant and wide-reaching in recent years. Between 2000-2005 and 2010-2015, under-five mortality has decreased by more than 20 per cent in 156 countries, with widespread reductions of 20 per cent or more recorded in Africa (42 out of 57 countries), Asia (43 out of 51 countries), Europe (39 out of 40 countries), Latin America and the Caribbean (24 out of 38 countries), and Oceania (8 out of 13 countries). Between 2000-2005 and 2010-2015, under-five mortality fell by more than 30 per cent in 86 countries, of which 13 countries saw a decline of more than 50 per cent.

24. Although the HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to be a major global health concern, HIV/AIDS-

related adult mortality appears to have reached a peak over the past decade in most countries highly affected by the epidemic due to the widespread availability of antiretroviral treatment. Nevertheless, in countries where HIV prevalence has been high, the impact of the epidemic in terms of morbidity, mortality and slower population growth continues to be evident. Thus, in Southern Africa, the region with the highest prevalence of the disease, life expectancy fell from 62 years in 1990-1995 to 52 years in 2000-2005, then increased to 57 years in 2010-2015. Life expectancy in Southern Africa is not expected to return to the level where it was in the early 1990s until the year 2030.

25. A number of Eastern European countries experienced reductions in life expectancy at birth in the

late 1980s and 1990s. By 2010-2015 life expectancy in the region had recovered substantially, but at 72 years, life expectancy in Eastern Europe lags far behind the level in the rest of Europe. Belarus, the Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation and Ukraine have the lowest levels of life expectancy at birth in Europe (around 70-71 years).

26. Since 1990, 58 countries have experienced declining life expectancy at least once between two

consecutive five-year periods. These included countries highly affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic, countries in conflict, and countries experiencing increased mortality after the breakup of the Soviet Union. The number of countries experiencing decreases in life expectancy in any given five-year period has fallen dramatically, from a high of 38 in 1990-1995, to 17 in 2000-2005, to 2 in 2010-2015.

27. From 2000 to 2015, annual net migration to Europe, Northern America and Oceania averaged

2.8 million persons per year. When countries are grouped by income rather than geography, the attraction of high-income countries is even more evident: from 2000 to 2015, high-income countries received an average of 4.1 million net migrants annually from lower- and middle-income countries. Economic and demographic asymmetries across countries are likely to remain powerful generators of international migration within the medium-term future. Large-scale refugee movements have also had a profound influence on the level of net migration experienced by some countries, including those affected recently by the Syrian crisis.

28. In countries or areas where fertility is already below the replacement level, the total population is expected to contract unless the excess of deaths over births is counterbalanced by a gain due to net migration. However, international migration at, or around, current levels will be unable to compensate fully for the expected loss of population due to low levels of fertility. Between 2015 and 2050, the excess of deaths over births in Europe is projected to be 63 million, whereas the net number of international migrants to Europe is projected to be approximately 31 million, implying an overall shrinking of Europe’s population by about 32 million.


TABLE S.1. TOTAL POPULATION BY SEX IN 2015 AND SEX RATIO BY COUNTRY IN 2015

Country or area Population (thousands) Sex ratio (males

per 100 females) Total Male Female

World ................................................ 7 349 472 3 707 206 3 642 266 102

Afghanistan ....................................... 32 527 16 774 15 753 106

Albania .............................................. 2 897 1 437 1 460 98

Algeria ............................................... 39 667 19 958 19 709 101

American Samoa ............................... 56 … … … Andorra .............................................. 70 … … …

Angola ............................................... 25 022 12 416 12 606 98

Anguilla ............................................. 15 … … …

Antigua and Barbuda ......................... 92 44 48 92

Argentina ........................................... 43 417 21 245 22 172 96

Armenia ............................................. 3 018 1 400 1 618 86

Aruba ................................................. 104 49 55 91

Australia ............................................ 23 969 11 976 11 993 100

Austria ............................................... 8 545 4 196 4 348 97

Azerbaijan ......................................... 9 754 4 856 4 898 99

Bahamas ............................................ 388 190 198 96

Bahrain .............................................. 1 377 854 524 163

Bangladesh ........................................ 160 996 81 277 79 719 102

Barbados ............................................ 284 136 148 92

Belarus ............................................... 9 496 4 414 5 082 87

Belgium ............................................. 11 299 5 559 5 740 97

Belize ................................................. 359 179 180 99

Benin ................................................. 10 880 5 426 5 454 99

Bermuda ............................................ 62 … … …

Bhutan ............................................... 775 416 359 116

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) .......... 10 725 5 371 5 354 100

Bosnia and Herzegovina .................... 3 810 1 896 1 914 99

Botswana ........................................... 2 262 1 130 1 132 100

Brazil ................................................. 207 848 102 201 105 647 97

British Virgin Islands......................... 30 … … …

Brunei Darussalam ............................ 423 218 205 106

Bulgaria ............................................. 7 150 3 473 3 676 94

Burkina Faso ...................................... 18 106 8 984 9 121 98

Burundi .............................................. 11 179 5 524 5 655 98

Cabo Verde ........................................ 521 257 264 97

Cambodia .......................................... 15 578 7 598 7 980 95

Cameroon .......................................... 23 344 11 672 11 672 100

Canada ............................................... 35 940 17 826 18 114 98

Caribbean Netherlands ...................... 25 … … … Cayman Islands ................................. 60 … … …

Central African Republic ................... 4 900 2 415 2 485 97

Chad .................................................. 14 037 7 028 7 010 100

Channel Islands ................................. 164 81 83 98

Chile .................................................. 17 948 8 855 9 093 97

China ................................................. 1376 049 708 977 667 072 106

China, Hong Kong SAR .................... 7 288 3 422 3 866 88

China, Macao SAR ............................ 588 283 305 93

TABLE S.1. (continued)




Colombia ........................................... 48 229 23 744 24 485 97

Comoros ............................................ 788 398 391 102

Congo ................................................ 4 620 2 311 2 309 100

Cook Islands ...................................... 21 … … … Costa Rica.......................................... 4 808 2 406 2 402 100

Côte d'Ivoire ...................................... 22 702 11 546 11 155 104

Croatia ............................................... 4 240 2 045 2 195 93

Cuba .................................................. 11 390 5 722 5 668 101

Curaçao .............................................. 157 73 85 86

Cyprus ............................................... 1 165 594 571 104

Czech Republic .................................. 10 543 5 180 5 363 97

Dem. People's Rep. of Korea ............. 25 155 12 300 12 856 96

Dem. Republic of the Congo ............. 77 267 38 533 38 734 99

Denmark ............................................ 5 669 2 814 2 855 99

Djibouti .............................................. 888 446 442 101

Dominica ........................................... 73 … … … Dominican Republic .......................... 10 528 5 246 5 282 99

Ecuador .............................................. 16 144 8 071 8 073 100

Egypt ................................................. 91 508 46 240 45 268 102

El Salvador ........................................ 6 127 2 875 3 251 88

Equatorial Guinea .............................. 845 433 412 105

Eritrea ................................................ 5 228 2 619 2 609 100

Estonia ............................................... 1 313 614 698 88

Ethiopia ............................................. 99 391 49 608 49 783 100

Faeroe Islands .................................... 48 … … …

Falkland Islands (Malvinas) .............. 3 … … … Fiji ..................................................... 892 454 439 103

Finland ............................................... 5 503 2 709 2 794 97

France ................................................ 64 395 31 342 33 054 95

French Guiana ................................... 269 134 134 100

French Polynesia ............................... 283 144 138 104

Gabon ................................................ 1 725 872 853 102

Gambia .............................................. 1 991 986 1 005 98

Georgia .............................................. 4 000 1 908 2 092 91

Germany ............................................ 80 689 39 653 41 036 97

Ghana ................................................ 27 410 13 635 13 774 99

Gibraltar ............................................ 32 … … …

Greece ................................................ 10 955 5 345 5 609 95

Greenland .......................................... 56 … … …

Grenada ............................................. 107 54 53 101

Guadeloupe ........................................ 468 217 252 86

Guam ................................................. 170 86 84 103

Guatemala .......................................... 16 343 7 993 8 350 96

Guinea ............................................... 12 609 6 322 6 286 101

Guinea-Bissau ................................... 1 844 916 929 99

Guyana .............................................. 767 385 382 101

Haiti ................................................... 10 711 5 297 5 414 98

Holy See ............................................ 1 … … …




Honduras ........................................... 8 075 4 036 4 039 100

Hungary ............................................. 9 855 4 691 5 164 91

Iceland ............................................... 329 165 164 100

India ................................................... 1311 051 679 548 631 502 108

Indonesia ........................................... 257 564 129 688 127 876 101

Iran (Islamic Republic of) .................. 79 109 39 835 39 274 101

Iraq .................................................... 36 423 18 437 17 986 103

Ireland ................................................ 4 688 2 340 2 348 100

Isle of Man ......................................... 88 … … …

Israel .................................................. 8 064 3 999 4 065 98

Italy ................................................... 59 798 29 070 30 728 95

Jamaica .............................................. 2 793 1 391 1 402 99

Japan .................................................. 126 573 61 559 65 015 95

Jordan ................................................ 7 595 3 889 3 706 105

Kazakhstan ........................................ 17 625 8 512 9 113 93

Kenya ................................................ 46 050 23 017 23 033 100

Kiribati .............................................. 112 55 57 97

Kuwait ............................................... 3 892 2 186 1 706 128

Kyrgyzstan ......................................... 5 940 2 940 3 000 98

Lao People's Dem. Republic .............. 6 802 3 385 3 417 99

Latvia ................................................. 1 971 904 1 067 85

Lebanon ............................................. 5 851 2 939 2 912 101

Lesotho .............................................. 2 135 1 057 1 078 98

Liberia ............................................... 4 503 2 270 2 234 102

Libya.................................................. 6 278 3 157 3 122 101

Liechtenstein ..................................... 38 … … … Lithuania ............................................ 2 878 1 325 1 553 85

Luxembourg ...................................... 567 285 282 101

Madagascar ........................................ 24 235 12 082 12 153 99

Malawi ............................................... 17 215 8 593 8 622 100

Malaysia ............................................ 30 331 15 026 15 305 98

Maldives ............................................ 364 182 181 101

Mali ................................................... 17 600 8 885 8 715 102

Malta.................................................. 419 208 210 99

Marshall Islands................................. 53 … … …

Martinique ......................................... 396 182 215 85

Mauritania ......................................... 4 068 2 047 2 021 101

Mauritius ........................................... 1 273 629 644 98

Mayotte .............................................. 240 118 122 97

Mexico ............................................... 127 017 63 181 63 836 99

Micronesia (Fed. States of) ................ 104 54 51 105

Monaco .............................................. 38 … … … Mongolia ........................................... 2 959 1 465 1 494 98

Montenegro ....................................... 626 309 317 98

Montserrat ......................................... 5 … … …

Morocco ............................................ 34 378 16 989 17 388 98

Mozambique ...................................... 27 978 13 666 14 312 95

Myanmar ........................................... 53 897 26 335 27 562 96





Namibia ............................................. 2 459 1 197 1 262 95

Nauru ................................................. 10 … … … Nepal ................................................. 28 514 13 816 14 697 94

Netherlands ........................................ 16 925 8 401 8 524 99

New Caledonia .................................. 263 133 130 102

New Zealand ...................................... 4 529 2 213 2 315 96

Nicaragua........................................... 6 082 2 998 3 084 97

Niger .................................................. 19 899 10 029 9 870 102

Nigeria ............................................... 182 202 92 789 89 413 104

Niue ................................................... 2 … … … Northern Mariana Islands .................. 55 … … …

Norway .............................................. 5 211 2 625 2 586 101

Oman ................................................. 4 491 2 979 1 512 197

Pakistan ............................................. 188 925 97 052 91 873 106

Palau .................................................. 21 … … …

Panama .............................................. 3 929 1 970 1 959 101

Papua New Guinea ............................ 7 619 3 887 3 733 104

Paraguay ............................................ 6 639 3 369 3 270 103

Peru ................................................... 31 377 15 673 15 704 100

Philippines ......................................... 100 699 50 813 49 887 102

Poland ................................................ 38 612 18 674 19 938 94

Portugal ............................................. 10 350 4 901 5 449 90

Puerto Rico ........................................ 3 683 1 771 1 913 93

Qatar .................................................. 2 235 1 624 612 265

Republic of Korea .............................. 50 293 24 995 25 298 99

Republic of Moldova ......................... 4 069 1 956 2 113 93

Réunion ............................................. 861 417 444 94

Romania ............................................ 19 511 9 451 10 060 94

Russian Federation ............................ 143 457 66 644 76 813 87

Rwanda .............................................. 11 610 5 560 6 050 92

Saint Helena ...................................... 4 … … …

Saint Kitts and Nevis ......................... 56 … … … Saint Lucia ......................................... 185 91 94 96

Saint Pierre and Miquelon ................. 6 … … … St. Vincent and the Grenadines.......... 109 55 54 102

Samoa ................................................ 193 100 94 106

San Marino ........................................ 32 … … …

Sao Tome and Principe ...................... 190 95 96 99

Saudi Arabia ...................................... 31 540 17 836 13 704 130

Senegal .............................................. 15 129 7 429 7 701 96

Serbia ................................................. 8 851 4 320 4 531 95

Seychelles .......................................... 96 49 48 103

Sierra Leone ...................................... 6 453 3 193 3 260 98

Singapore ........................................... 5 604 2 765 2 839 97

Sint Maarten (Dutch part) .................. 39 … … …

Slovakia ............................................. 5 426 2 630 2 796 94

Slovenia ............................................. 2 068 1 025 1 043 98

Solomon Islands ................................ 584 296 287 103




Somalia .............................................. 10 787 5 368 5 419 99

South Africa ...................................... 54 490 26 797 27 693 97

South Sudan ....................................... 12 340 6 179 6 161 100

Spain .................................................. 46 122 22 624 23 498 96

Sri Lanka ........................................... 20 715 9 979 10 736 93

State of Palestine ............................... 4 668 2 367 2 302 103

Sudan ................................................. 40 235 20 197 20 038 101

Suriname ............................................ 543 272 271 100

Swaziland .......................................... 1 287 636 651 98

Sweden .............................................. 9 779 4 887 4 893 100

Switzerland ........................................ 8 299 4 109 4 189 98

Syrian Arab Republic ........................ 18 502 9 367 9 136 103

Tajikistan ........................................... 8 482 4 296 4 186 103

TFYR Macedonia .............................. 2 078 1 035 1 044 99

Thailand ............................................. 67 959 33 495 34 465 97

Timor-Leste ....................................... 1 185 602 583 103

Togo .................................................. 7 305 3 609 3 695 98

Tokelau .............................................. 1 … … … Tonga ................................................. 106 53 53 101

Trinidad and Tobago ......................... 1 360 671 689 97

Tunisia ............................................... 11 254 5 561 5 692 98

Turkey ............................................... 78 666 38 675 39 991 97

Turkmenistan ..................................... 5 374 2 641 2 733 97

Turks and Caicos Islands ................... 34 … … … Tuvalu ................................................ 10 … … …

Uganda .............................................. 39 032 19 507 19 525 100

Ukraine .............................................. 44 824 20 759 24 064 86

United Arab Emirates ........................ 9 157 6 708 2 449 274

United Kingdom ................................ 64 716 31 899 32 817 97

United Republic of Tanzania ............. 53 470 26 574 26 896 99

United States of America ................... 321 774 159 494 162 280 98

United States Virgin Islands .............. 106 51 56 91

Uruguay ............................................. 3 432 1 656 1 775 93

Uzbekistan ......................................... 29 893 14 699 15 194 97

Vanuatu ............................................. 265 134 131 103

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) .. 31 108 15 487 15 621 99

Viet Nam ........................................... 93 448 46 224 47 223 98

Wallis and Futuna Islands .................. 13 … … … Western Sahara .................................. 573 300 273 110

Yemen ............................................... 26 832 13 553 13 279 102

Zambia ............................................... 16 212 8 094 8 118 100

Zimbabwe .......................................... 15 603 7 688 7 915 97 Other non-specified areas .................. 23 381 11 700 11 681 100

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. New York: United Nations. NOTE: Estimates by sex for countries or areas with less than 90,000 persons are not shown. They are included in the totals for the world by sex.


TABLE S.2. TOTAL POPULATION BY COUNTRY, 1950, 2015, 2030, 2050 AND 2100 (MEDIUM VARIANT)

Country or area

Population (thousands)

1950 2015 2030 2050 2100

World ................................................ 2 525 149 7 349 472 8 500 766 9 725 148 11 213 317

Afghanistan ....................................... 7 752 32 527 43 852 55 955 57 638

Albania .............................................. 1 263 2 897 2 954 2 710 1 755

Algeria ............................................... 8 872 39 667 48 274 56 461 61 060

American Samoa ............................... 19 56 57 57 40

Andorra ............................................. 6 70 71 72 60

Angola ............................................... 4 355 25 022 39 351 65 473 138 738

Anguilla ............................................. 5 15 16 15 11

Antigua and Barbuda ......................... 46 92 105 114 114

Argentina ........................................... 17 150 43 417 49 365 55 445 58 572

Armenia ............................................. 1 354 3 018 2 993 2 729 1 793

Aruba ................................................. 38 104 107 102 84

Australia ............................................ 8 177 23 969 28 482 33 496 42 389

Austria ............................................... 6 936 8 545 8 844 8 846 8 335

Azerbaijan ......................................... 2 896 9 754 10 727 10 963 9 636

Bahamas ............................................ 79 388 446 489 498

Bahrain .............................................. 116 1 377 1 642 1 822 1 602

Bangladesh ........................................ 37 895 160 996 186 460 202 209 169 541

Barbados ............................................ 211 284 290 282 259

Belarus............................................... 7 745 9 496 8 977 8 125 6 916

Belgium ............................................. 8 628 11 299 12 019 12 527 13 210

Belize ................................................ 69 359 472 588 677

Benin ................................................. 2 255 10 880 15 593 22 549 35 544

Bermuda ............................................ 37 62 59 54 42

Bhutan ............................................... 177 775 886 950 793

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) .......... 3 090 10 725 13 177 15 963 18 118

Bosnia and Herzegovina .................... 2 661 3 810 3 584 3 069 1 919

Botswana ........................................... 413 2 262 2 817 3 389 3 681

Brazil ................................................. 53 975 207 848 228 663 238 270 200 305

British Virgin Islands ........................ 7 30 35 38 36

Brunei Darussalam ............................ 48 423 496 546 489

Bulgaria ............................................. 7 251 7 150 6 300 5 154 3 406

Burkina Faso ..................................... 4 284 18 106 27 244 42 789 80 990

Burundi .............................................. 2 309 11 179 17 357 28 668 62 662

Cabo Verde ........................................ 178 521 614 707 680

Cambodia .......................................... 4 433 15 578 18 991 22 545 23 928

Cameroon .......................................... 4 466 23 344 32 947 48 362 82 382

Canada ............................................... 13 737 35 940 40 390 44 136 49 668

Caribbean Netherlands ...................... 7 25 28 30 32

Cayman Islands ................................. 6 60 71 82 99

Central African Republic ................... 1 327 4 900 6 490 8 782 12 515

Chad .................................................. 2 502 14 037 21 946 35 131 68 927

Channel Islands ................................. 102 164 174 181 182

Chile .................................................. 6 143 17 948 20 250 21 601 19 744

China ................................................. 544 113 1376 049 1415 545 1348 056 1004 392

China, Hong Kong SAR .................... 1 974 7 288 7 951 8 148 7 924



Country or area


1950 2015 2030 2050 2100

China, Macao SAR ............................ 196 588 720 838 1 023

Colombia ........................................... 12 341 48 229 53 175 54 927 45 321

Comoros ............................................ 156 788 1 081 1 502 2 307

Congo ................................................ 808 4 620 6 790 10 732 22 015

Cook Islands ...................................... 15 21 23 24 21

Costa Rica ......................................... 959 4 808 5 413 5 759 4 993

Côte d'Ivoire ...................................... 2 630 22 702 32 143 48 797 101 154

Croatia ............................................... 3 850 4 240 3 977 3 554 2 615

Cuba .................................................. 5 920 11 390 11 237 10 339 7 103

Curaçao ............................................. 100 157 175 189 208

Cyprus ............................................... 494 1 165 1 300 1 402 1 386

Czech Republic ................................. 8 903 10 543 10 461 9 965 8 774

Dem. People's Rep. of Korea ............. 10 549 25 155 26 701 26 907 24 842

Dem. Republic of the Congo ............. 12 184 77 267 120 304 195 277 388 733

Denmark ............................................ 4 268 5 669 6 003 6 299 6 838

Djibouti ............................................. 62 888 1 054 1 186 1 126

Dominica ........................................... 51 73 76 74 52

Dominican Republic .......................... 2 365 10 528 12 087 13 238 12 027

Ecuador ............................................. 3 470 16 144 19 563 23 013 24 499

Egypt ................................................. 20 897 91 508 117 102 151 111 200 802

El Salvador ........................................ 2 200 6 127 6 408 6 390 4 420

Equatorial Guinea .............................. 226 845 1 238 1 816 2 984

Eritrea ................................................ 1 142 5 228 7 311 10 421 15 616

Estonia ............................................... 1 101 1 313 1 243 1 129 904

Ethiopia ............................................. 18 128 99 391 138 297 188 455 242 644

Faeroe Islands .................................... 32 48 50 52 52

Falkland Islands (Malvinas) .............. 2 3 3 3 3

Fiji ..................................................... 289 892 940 924 696

Finland............................................... 4 008 5 503 5 706 5 752 5 857

France ................................................ 41 880 64 395 68 007 71 137 75 998

French Guiana ................................... 25 269 381 546 891

French Polynesia ............................... 60 283 313 330 297

Gabon ................................................ 473 1 725 2 321 3 164 4 466

Gambia .............................................. 271 1 991 3 105 4 981 8 896

Georgia .............................................. 3 527 4 000 3 868 3 483 2 438

Germany ............................................ 69 786 80 689 79 294 74 513 63 244

Ghana ................................................ 4 981 27 410 36 865 50 071 73 033

Gibraltar ............................................ 20 32 33 32 28

Greece ............................................... 7 566 10 955 10 480 9 705 7 393

Greenland .......................................... 23 56 57 52 41

Grenada ............................................. 77 107 112 110 72

Guadeloupe ....................................... 210 468 491 498 437

Guam ................................................. 60 170 200 228 242

Guatemala ......................................... 3 146 16 343 21 424 27 754 34 812

Guinea ............................................... 3 094 12 609 18 276 27 486 49 049

Guinea-Bissau ................................... 535 1 844 2 541 3 564 5 489

Guyana .............................................. 407 767 821 806 595

Haiti ................................................... 3 221 10 711 12 578 14 189 13 544

TABLE S.2 (continued)


Country or area


1950 2015 2030 2050 2100

Holy See ............................................ 1 1 1 1 1

Honduras ........................................... 1 487 8 075 9 737 11 217 10 646

Hungary ............................................. 9 338 9 855 9 275 8 318 6 506

Iceland ............................................... 143 329 364 389 384

India .................................................. 376 325 1311 051 1527 658 1705 333 1659 786

Indonesia ........................................... 69 543 257 564 295 482 322 237 313 648

Iran (Islamic Republic of) ................. 17 119 79 109 88 529 92 219 69 637

Iraq .................................................... 5 719 36 423 54 071 83 652 163 905

Ireland ............................................... 2 913 4 688 5 204 5 789 6 372

Isle of Man ........................................ 55 88 96 104 114

Israel .................................................. 1 258 8 064 9 998 12 610 17 285

Italy ................................................... 46 599 59 798 59 100 56 513 49 647

Jamaica .............................................. 1 403 2 793 2 867 2 710 1 704

Japan .................................................. 82 199 126 573 120 127 107 411 83 175

Jordan ................................................ 449 7 595 9 109 11 717 14 147

Kazakhstan ........................................ 6 703 17 625 20 072 22 447 24 712

Kenya ................................................ 6 077 46 050 65 412 95 505 156 856

Kiribati .............................................. 33 112 142 178 244

Kuwait ............................................... 152 3 892 4 987 5 924 6 484

Kyrgyzstan ........................................ 1 740 5 940 7 097 8 248 9 046

Lao People's Dem. Republic .............. 1 683 6 802 8 489 10 172 10 411

Latvia ................................................ 1 949 1 971 1 806 1 593 1 278

Lebanon ............................................. 1 335 5 851 5 292 5 610 4 741

Lesotho .............................................. 734 2 135 2 486 2 987 3 548

Liberia ............................................... 930 4 503 6 414 9 436 15 977

Libya ................................................. 1 113 6 278 7 418 8 375 8 144

Liechtenstein ..................................... 14 38 41 43 47

Lithuania ........................................... 2 567 2 878 2 655 2 375 2 013

Luxembourg ...................................... 296 567 678 803 1 030

Madagascar ....................................... 4 084 24 235 35 960 55 294 105 499

Malawi............................................... 2 954 17 215 26 584 43 155 87 056

Malaysia ............................................ 6 110 30 331 36 107 40 725 40 778

Maldives ............................................ 74 364 437 494 438

Mali ................................................... 4 708 17 600 27 370 45 404 92 981

Malta ................................................. 312 419 428 411 348

Marshall Islands ................................ 13 53 56 67 75

Martinique ......................................... 222 396 391 358 289

Mauritania ......................................... 660 4 068 5 666 8 049 13 059

Mauritius ........................................... 493 1 273 1 310 1 249 952

Mayotte ............................................. 15 240 344 497 752

Mexico............................................... 28 013 127 017 148 133 163 754 148 404

Micronesia (Fed. States of) ................ 32 104 118 129 116

Monaco .............................................. 20 38 40 44 55

Mongolia ........................................... 780 2 959 3 519 4 028 4 487

Montenegro ....................................... 395 626 618 574 437

Montserrat ......................................... 14 5 5 5 5

Morocco ............................................ 8 986 34 378 39 787 43 696 40 888

Mozambique ...................................... 6 313 27 978 41 437 65 544 127 648



Country or area


1950 2015 2030 2050 2100

Myanmar ........................................... 17 527 53 897 60 242 63 575 56 026

Namibia ............................................. 485 2 459 3 272 4 322 5 730

Nauru ................................................. 3 10 11 11 9

Nepal ................................................. 8 483 28 514 33 104 36 159 29 677

Netherlands ....................................... 10 027 16 925 17 605 17 602 17 220

New Caledonia .................................. 65 263 311 363 419

New Zealand ..................................... 1 908 4 529 5 103 5 607 6 094

Nicaragua .......................................... 1 295 6 082 7 033 7 863 6 996

Niger .................................................. 2 560 19 899 35 966 72 238 209 334

Nigeria ............................................... 37 860 182 202 262 599 398 508 752 247

Niue ................................................... 5 2 2 2 2

Northern Mariana Islands .................. 7 55 56 51 29

Norway .............................................. 3 265 5 211 5 945 6 658 7 845

Oman ................................................. 456 4 491 5 238 5 844 5 751

Pakistan ............................................. 37 542 188 925 244 916 309 640 364 283

Palau .................................................. 7 21 25 28 29

Panama .............................................. 860 3 929 4 781 5 599 6 012

Papua New Guinea ............................ 1 708 7 619 10 057 13 240 17 951

Paraguay ............................................ 1 473 6 639 7 845 8 895 8 665

Peru ................................................... 7 728 31 377 36 855 41 899 41 557

Philippines ......................................... 18 580 100 699 123 575 148 260 168 618

Poland ................................................ 24 824 38 612 37 207 33 136 22 289

Portugal ............................................. 8 417 10 350 9 845 9 216 7 407

Puerto Rico ........................................ 2 218 3 683 3 638 3 367 2 212

Qatar .................................................. 25 2 235 2 781 3 205 3 170

Republic of Korea ............................. 19 211 50 293 52 519 50 593 38 504

Republic of Moldova ......................... 2 341 4 069 3 839 3 243 1 856

Réunion ............................................. 248 861 947 989 870

Romania ............................................ 16 236 19 511 17 639 15 207 10 700

Russian Federation ............................ 102 799 143 457 138 652 128 599 117 445

Rwanda .............................................. 2 186 11 610 15 785 21 187 25 692

Saint Helena ...................................... 5 4 4 4 3

Saint Kitts and Nevis ......................... 46 56 63 68 63

Saint Lucia ........................................ 83 185 202 207 168

Saint Pierre and Miquelon ................. 5 6 7 7 7

St. Vincent and the Grenadines ......... 67 109 112 109 77

Samoa ................................................ 82 193 210 241 262

San Marino ........................................ 13 32 33 33 30

Sao Tome and Principe ...................... 60 190 256 353 538

Saudi Arabia ...................................... 3 121 31 540 39 132 46 059 47 586

Senegal .............................................. 2 477 15 129 22 802 36 223 75 042

Serbia ................................................ 6 732 8 851 8 281 7 331 5 334

Seychelles .......................................... 36 96 101 100 81

Sierra Leone ...................................... 1 944 6 453 8 598 11 392 14 489

Singapore ........................................... 1 022 5 604 6 418 6 681 5 593

Sint Maarten (Dutch part) .................. 1 39 46 52 63

Slovakia ............................................. 3 437 5 426 5 353 4 892 3 732

Slovenia ............................................. 1 473 2 068 2 054 1 942 1 693



Country or area


1950 2015 2030 2050 2100

Solomon Islands ................................ 90 584 757 992 1 354

Somalia .............................................. 2 264 10 787 16 493 27 030 58 311

South Africa ...................................... 13 683 54 490 60 034 65 540 65 696

South Sudan ...................................... 2 583 12 340 17 810 25 855 41 752

Spain .................................................. 28 070 46 122 45 920 44 840 38 337

Sri Lanka ........................................... 8 076 20 715 21 536 20 836 14 857

State of Palestine ............................... 932 4 668 6 765 9 791 15 516

Sudan ................................................. 5 734 40 235 56 443 80 284 127 328

Suriname ........................................... 215 543 599 624 548

Swaziland .......................................... 273 1 287 1 507 1 792 2 082

Sweden .............................................. 7 010 9 779 10 766 11 881 14 470

Switzerland ........................................ 4 668 8 299 9 223 10 019 11 245

Syrian Arab Republic ........................ 3 413 18 502 28 647 34 902 38 098

Tajikistan ........................................... 1 532 8 482 11 102 14 288 18 559

TFYR Macedonia .............................. 1 254 2 078 2 078 1 938 1 487

Thailand ............................................. 20 710 67 959 68 250 62 452 41 604

Timor-Leste ....................................... 433 1 185 1 577 2 162 3 234

Togo .................................................. 1 395 7 305 10 489 15 681 27 873

Tokelau .............................................. 2 1 1 2 2

Tonga ................................................ 47 106 121 140 159

Trinidad and Tobago ......................... 646 1 360 1 372 1 291 984

Tunisia ............................................... 3 605 11 254 12 686 13 476 12 494

Turkey ............................................... 21 238 78 666 87 717 95 819 87 983

Turkmenistan ..................................... 1 211 5 374 6 160 6 555 5 606

Turks and Caicos Islands ................... 5 34 42 48 52

Tuvalu ............................................... 5 10 11 11 11

Uganda .............................................. 5 158 39 032 61 929 101 873 202 868

Ukraine .............................................. 37 298 44 824 40 892 35 117 26 400

United Arab Emirates ........................ 70 9 157 10 977 12 789 13 389

United Kingdom ................................ 50 616 64 716 70 113 75 361 82 370

United Republic of Tanzania ............. 7 650 53 470 82 927 137 136 299 133

United States of America ................... 157 813 321 774 355 765 388 865 450 385

United States Virgin Islands .............. 27 106 106 97 69

Uruguay ............................................. 2 239 3 432 3 596 3 667 3 258

Uzbekistan ......................................... 6 945 29 893 34 397 37 126 32 077

Vanuatu ............................................. 48 265 354 476 677

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) .. 5 482 31 108 36 673 41 562 41 927

Viet Nam ........................................... 24 810 93 448 105 220 112 783 105 076

Wallis and Futuna Islands ................. 7 13 13 13 12

Western Sahara .................................. 14 573 738 901 1 047

Yemen ............................................... 4 402 26 832 36 335 47 170 50 826

Zambia............................................... 2 317 16 212 25 313 42 975 104 869

Zimbabwe .......................................... 2 747 15 603 21 353 29 615 40 263 Other non-specified areas .................. 7 562 23 381 23 116 20 778 12 518



TABLE S.3. COUNTRIES ACCOUNTING FOR ABOUT 75 PER CENT OF THE WORLD POPULATION ORDERED BY POPULATION SIZE, 1950, 2015, 2050 AND 2100 (MEDIUM VARIANT)

Rank Country or area

Population in 1950

(millions) Cumulated percentage Rank Country or area

Population in 2015

(millions) Cumulated percentage

1. China 544 21.5 1. China 1 376 18.7

2. India 376 36.5 2. India 1 311 36.6 3. United States of America 158 42.7 3. United States of America 322 40.9 4. Russian Federation 103 46.8 4. Indonesia 258 44.4

5. Japan 82 50.0 5. Brazil 208 47.3

6. Germany 70 52.8 6. Pakistan 189 49.8

7. Indonesia 70 55.5 7. Nigeria 182 52.3

8. Brazil 54 57.7 8. Bangladesh 161 54.5

9. United Kingdom 51 59.7 9. Russian Federation 143 56.5

10. Italy 47 61.5 10. Mexico 127 58.2

11. France 42 63.2 11. Japan 127 59.9

12. Bangladesh 38 64.7 12. Philippines 101 61.3

13. Nigeria 38 66.2 13. Ethiopia 99 62.6

14. Pakistan 38 67.7 14. Viet Nam 93 63.9

15. Ukraine 37 69.2 15. Egypt 92 65.2

16. Spain 28 70.3 16. Germany 81 66.3

17. Mexico 28 71.4 17. Iran (Islamic Republic of) 79 67.3

18. Poland 25 72.4 18. Turkey 79 68.4

19. Viet Nam 25 73.3 19. Dem. Rep. of the Congo 77 69.5

20. Turkey 21 74.2 20. Thailand 68 70.4

21. Egypt 21 75.0 21. United Kingdom 65 71.3

22. France 64 72.1

23. Italy 60 72.9

24. South Africa 54 73.7

25. Myanmar 54 74.4

26. United Rep. of Tanzania 53 75.1




Population in 2050

(millions) Cumulated percentage Rank Country or area

Population in 2100

(millions) Cumulated percentage

1. India 1 705 17.5 1. India 1 660 14.8

2. China 1 348 31.4 2. China 1 004 23.8

3. Nigeria 399 35.5 3. Nigeria 752 30.5

4. United States of America 389 39.5 4. United States of America 450 34.5

5. Indonesia 321 42.8 5. Dem. Rep. of the Congo 389 38.0

6. Pakistan 310 46.0 6. Pakistan 364 41.2

7. Brazil 238 48.4 7. Indonesia 314 44.0

8. Bangladesh 202 50.5 8. United Rep. of Tanzania 299 46.7

9. Dem. Rep. of the Congo 195 52.5 9. Ethiopia 243 48.8

10. Ethiopia 188 54.5 10. Niger 209 50.7

11. Mexico 164 56.1 11. Uganda 203 52.5

12. Egypt 151 57.7 12. Egypt 201 54.3 13. Philippines 148 59.2 13. Brazil 200 56.1

14. United Rep. of Tanzania 137 60.6 14. Bangladesh 170 57.6

15. Russian Federation 129 62.0 15. Philippines 169 59.1

16. Viet Nam 113 63.1 16. Iraq 164 60.6

17. Japan 107 64.2 17. Kenya 157 62.0

18. Uganda 102 65.3 18. Mexico 148 63.3

19. Turkey 96 66.3 19. Angola 139 64.5

20. Kenya 96 67.2 20. Mozambique 128 65.7

21. Iran (Islamic Republic of) 92 68.2 21. Sudan 127 66.8

22. Iraq 84 69.0 22. Russian Federation 117 67.8

23. Sudan 80 69.9 23. Madagascar 105 68.8

24. United Kingdom 75 70.6 24. Viet Nam 105 69.7

25. Germany 75 71.4 25. Zambia 105 70.7

26. Niger 72 72.2 26. Côte d'Ivoire 101 71.6

27. France 71 72.9 27. Mali 93 72.4

28. Mozambique 66 73.6 28. Turkey 88 73.2

29. South Africa 66 74.2 29. Malawi 87 73.9

30. Angola 65 74.9 30. Japan 83 74.7

31. Myanmar 64 75.6 31. Cameroon 82 75.4


.


TABLE S.4. COUNTRIES ACCOUNTING FOR 75 PER CENT OF THE ANNUAL POPULATION INCREASE IN THE WORLD, 1950-1955, 2010-2015 AND 2045-2050 (MEDIUM VARIANT)


Annual population

increase 1950-1955 (millions)

Cumulated percentage Rank Country or area

Annual population increase

2010-2015 (millions)

Cumulated percentage Rank Country or area

Annual population

increase 2045-2050 (millions)

Cumulated percentage

1. China 10.892 23.4 1. India 16.013 19.1 1. Nigeria 7.222 13.3

2. India 6.591 37.5 2. China 7.016 27.4 2. India 6.343 25.0

3. United States of America 2.597 43.1 3. Nigeria 4.555 32.9 3. Dem. Republic of the Congo 4.026 32.4

4. Brazil 1.736 46.8 4. Pakistan 3.776 37.4 4. United Republic of Tanzania 2.975 37.9

5. Russian Federation 1.711 50.5 5. Indonesia 3.190 41.2 5. Pakistan 2.910 43.3

6. Indonesia 1.557 53.8 6. United States of America 2.379 44.0 6. Ethiopia 2.358 47.6

7. Japan 1.238 56.4 7. Ethiopia 2.366 46.8 7. Niger 2.143 51.6

8. Mexico 0.919 58.4 8. Dem. Republic of the Congo 2.266 49.5 8. Uganda 2.137 55.5

9. Bangladesh 0.845 60.2 9. Egypt 1.893 51.8 9. Egypt 1.609 58.5

10. Philippines 0.720 61.8 10. Bangladesh 1.876 54.0 10. Iraq 1.579 61.4

11. Viet Nam 0.668 63.2 11. Brazil 1.847 56.2 11. Kenya 1.547 64.2

12. Nigeria 0.653 64.6 12. Mexico 1.680 58.2 12. United States of America 1.478 67.0

13. Turkey 0.603 65.9 13. United Republic of Tanzania 1.564 60.1 13. Angola 1.425 69.6

14. Thailand 0.600 67.2 14. Philippines 1.532 61.9 14. Mozambique 1.307 72.0

15. Pakistan 0.577 68.4 15. Turkey 1.271 63.4 15. Sudan 1.195 74.2

16. Egypt 0.552 69.6 16. Uganda 1.177 64.8 16. Philippines 1.068 76.2

17. Ukraine 0.544 70.8 17. Kenya 1.144 66.2

18. Poland 0.489 71.8 18. Iraq 1.111 67.5

19. Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.435 72.8 19. Viet Nam 1.018 68.7

20. Canada 0.399 73.6 20. Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.971 69.9

21. Republic of Korea 0.391 74.4 21. Afghanistan 0.913 70.9

22. Colombia 0.377 75.3 22. Sudan 0.824 71.9

23. Angola 0.760 72.8

24. Mozambique 0.731 73.7

25. Algeria 0.726 74.6

26. Niger 0.721 75.4

WORLD 46.633 100.0 WORLD 83.949 100.0 WORLD 54.251 100.0 Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. New York: United Nations.


TABLE S.5. COUNTRIES WHOSE POPULATION IS PROJECTED TO DECREASE BETWEEN 2015 AND 2050 (MEDIUM VARIANT)


Population (thousands) Difference

2015 2050 Absolute Percentage

1. Bulgaria 7 150 5 154 -1 996 -27.9

2. Romania 19 511 15 207 -4 305 -22.1

3. Ukraine 44 824 35 117 -9 707 -21.7

4. Republic of Moldova 4 069 3 243 - 826 -20.3

5. Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 810 3 069 - 742 -19.5

6. Latvia 1 971 1 593 - 377 -19.1

7. Lithuania 2 878 2 375 - 503 -17.5

8. Serbia 8 851 7 331 -1 520 -17.2

9. Croatia 4 240 3 554 - 686 -16.2

10. Hungary 9 855 8 318 -1 537 -15.6

11. Japan 126 574 107 411 -19 162 -15.1

12. Belarus 9 496 8 125 -1 371 -14.4

13. Poland 38 612 33 136 -5 475 -14.2

14. Estonia 1 313 1 129 - 184 -14.0

15. Georgia 4 000 3 483 - 517 -12.9

16. Greece 10 955 9 705 -1 249 -11.4

17. Other non-specified areas 23 381 20 778 -2 603 -11.1

18. Portugal 10 350 9 216 -1 134 -11.0

19. Russian Federation 143 457 128 599 -14 858 -10.4

20. Slovakia 5 426 4 892 - 534 -9.8

21. Martinique 396 358 - 38 -9.7

22. Armenia 3 018 2 729 - 289 -9.6

23. Cuba 11 390 10 339 -1 051 -9.2

24. United States Virgin Islands 106 97 - 9 -8.9

25. Puerto Rico 3 683 3 367 - 316 -8.6

26. Montenegro 626 574 - 51 -8.2

27. Thailand 67 959 62 452 -5 507 -8.1

28. Germany 80 689 74 513 - 6 176 -7.7

29. TFYR Macedonia 2 078 1 938 - 141 -6.8

30. Albania 2 897 2 710 - 186 -6.4

31. Slovenia 2 068 1 942 - 126 -6.1

32. Italy 59 798 56 513 -3 285 -5.5

33. Czech Republic 10 543 9 965 - 578 -5.5

34. Trinidad and Tobago 1 360 1 291 - 69 -5.1

35. Lebanon 5 851 5 610 - 241 -4.1

36. Jamaica 2 793 2 710 - 84 -3.0

37. Spain 46 122 44 840 -1 282 -2.8

38. Aruba 104 102 - 2 -2.3

39. China 1376 049 1348 056 -27 993 -2.0

40. Mauritius 1 273 1 249 - 24 -1.9

41. Malta 419 411 - 8 -1.8

42. Barbados 284 282 - 3 -0.9

43. St. Vincent and the Grenadines 109 109 0 -0.3

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. New York: United Nations. NOTE: Only countries or areas with 90,000 persons or more in 2015 are considered


TABLE S.6. PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPULATION IN SELECTED AGE GROUPS BY COUNTRY, 2015, 2050 AND 2100 (MEDIUM VARIANT)

Country or area

2015 2050 2100

0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+

World ................................................ 26.1 61.7 12.3 1.7 21.3 57.2 21.5 4.5 17.7 54.0 28.3 8.4

Afghanistan ....................................... 44.0 52.0 4.0 0.2 24.9 66.1 9.0 0.6 16.0 57.2 26.8 4.2

Albania .............................................. 18.5 63.7 17.8 2.4 14.4 54.7 30.9 9.0 13.2 45.1 41.7 16.7

Algeria ............................................... 28.5 62.5 9.0 1.2 19.8 57.2 23.0 3.9 15.2 50.7 34.1 12.5

Angola ............................................... 47.7 48.5 3.8 0.3 37.6 56.9 5.5 0.5 23.5 60.6 15.9 2.3

Antigua and Barbuda ......................... 24.2 65.1 10.8 1.6 17.6 57.5 24.9 6.8 14.9 50.0 35.1 12.1

Argentina ........................................... 25.2 59.7 15.1 2.7 19.0 57.4 23.6 5.1 15.1 50.1 34.7 12.3

Armenia ............................................. 18.4 65.3 16.3 2.9 14.4 52.5 33.1 7.1 13.7 48.1 38.2 14.9

Aruba ................................................. 18.3 63.2 18.5 2.0 14.7 56.5 28.8 8.1 14.8 49.2 36.0 11.5

Australia ............................................ 18.7 60.9 20.4 3.9 17.2 54.5 28.3 8.3 15.3 50.0 34.8 13.8

Austria ............................................... 14.2 61.6 24.2 5.1 13.5 49.4 37.1 12.9 14.3 47.7 38.0 15.4

Azerbaijan ......................................... 21.9 68.0 10.0 1.3 18.6 57.0 24.4 3.8 16.1 53.6 30.3 8.4

Bahamas ............................................ 20.9 66.5 12.5 1.5 16.3 56.5 27.1 6.7 14.8 50.1 35.1 12.6

Bahrain .............................................. 21.5 74.7 3.9 0.3 13.5 62.8 23.7 3.3 12.8 51.9 35.3 12.5

Bangladesh ........................................ 29.4 63.6 7.0 0.9 17.2 61.3 21.5 3.6 14.2 48.7 37.1 13.5

Barbados ............................................ 19.4 60.8 19.8 3.4 17.1 51.8 31.1 8.8 15.9 49.4 34.7 12.7

Belarus............................................... 16.1 63.6 20.3 3.6 16.9 53.5 29.7 6.0 16.4 54.3 29.3 8.9

Belgium ............................................. 16.9 58.9 24.1 5.5 16.2 51.3 32.6 10.6 15.4 49.4 35.3 14.0

Belize ................................................ 32.5 61.6 5.9 0.6 21.2 64.1 14.7 1.5 16.3 54.9 28.9 6.6

Benin ................................................. 42.2 53.2 4.6 0.3 31.3 60.7 7.9 0.5 21.2 60.7 18.1 2.2

Bhutan ............................................... 26.9 65.8 7.4 1.0 15.8 59.6 24.5 3.8 14.1 48.5 37.4 14.1

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) .......... 32.4 58.3 9.2 1.5 22.4 60.6 17.0 3.0 15.7 52.7 31.5 9.4

Bosnia and Herzegovina .................... 13.5 64.1 22.4 3.4 11.4 48.0 40.5 10.1 13.2 46.9 39.9 16.0

Botswana ........................................... 32.0 62.1 5.9 0.5 21.9 62.4 15.7 1.4 16.5 55.4 28.2 6.5

Brazil ................................................. 23.0 65.2 11.7 1.5 15.0 55.7 29.3 6.7 13.8 47.4 38.8 15.1

Brunei Darussalam ............................ 23.1 69.3 7.6 0.7 14.9 54.2 30.9 6.2 13.5 46.9 39.6 15.7

Bulgaria ............................................. 14.1 58.9 26.9 4.5 14.7 48.8 36.4 7.6 15.1 50.9 34.0 11.1

Burkina Faso ..................................... 45.6 50.6 3.8 0.2 34.9 58.7 6.4 0.4 22.7 60.6 16.8 2.2

Burundi .............................................. 44.8 51.0 4.2 0.3 36.9 56.3 6.8 0.6 24.3 59.9 15.8 2.6

Cabo Verde ........................................ 29.7 63.7 6.7 1.2 18.1 61.4 20.5 2.8 14.1 48.9 37.0 12.8

Cambodia .......................................... 31.6 61.6 6.8 0.5 21.7 60.7 17.6 2.6 15.1 51.1 33.8 10.9

Cameroon .......................................... 42.5 52.6 4.8 0.4 31.8 60.1 8.1 0.7 21.0 59.0 20.0 3.6

Canada ............................................... 16.0 61.7 22.3 4.2 14.9 52.6 32.4 10.6 14.8 49.2 36.0 14.4

Central African Republic ................... 39.1 55.1 5.9 0.5 28.1 61.9 10.0 0.8 18.5 57.5 24.0 5.0

Chad .................................................. 47.7 48.3 4.0 0.3 36.4 58.2 5.4 0.4 22.7 60.7 16.5 2.2

Channel Islands ................................. 14.7 61.7 23.6 4.5 13.6 51.5 34.9 10.9 13.8 48.9 37.3 14.4

Chile .................................................. 20.1 64.2 15.7 2.7 14.3 52.8 32.9 10.3 13.4 45.9 40.6 18.1

China ................................................. 17.2 67.6 15.2 1.6 13.5 50.0 36.5 8.9 13.4 46.9 39.6 16.5

China, Hong Kong SAR .................... 12.0 66.3 21.7 4.3 12.0 47.0 40.9 15.0 14.3 47.6 38.1 16.6

China, Macao SAR ............................ 13.0 72.2 14.8 1.8 14.2 51.3 34.5 9.0 15.4 50.0 34.5 13.0

Colombia ........................................... 24.3 64.9 10.8 1.3 15.7 56.7 27.6 6.2 14.0 48.0 38.1 14.2

Comoros ............................................ 40.3 55.1 4.6 0.3 30.1 60.7 9.2 0.7 20.0 59.2 20.8 3.5

Congo ................................................ 42.6 51.8 5.5 0.5 34.3 57.4 8.3 0.9 23.4 58.6 18.0 3.4

Costa Rica ......................................... 22.3 64.9 12.8 1.9 14.8 54.8 30.4 8.0 13.6 46.9 39.5 16.1

Côte d'Ivoire ...................................... 42.5 52.7 4.8 0.3 34.9 58.5 6.5 0.4 24.2 59.7 16.1 2.4

Croatia ............................................... 14.9 59.2 25.9 4.8 13.3 49.8 36.8 10.1 13.7 47.5 38.8 15.3



Country or area

2015 2050 2100

0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+

Cuba .................................................. 16.3 64.2 19.4 3.5 12.4 47.9 39.7 14.3 13.2 45.4 41.4 18.2

Curaçao ............................................. 19.0 59.9 21.1 3.2 17.2 54.1 28.7 9.4 15.4 49.7 34.9 12.7

Cyprus ............................................... 16.6 65.5 18.0 2.8 13.3 53.5 33.2 8.0 14.1 48.7 37.2 14.6

Czech Republic ................................. 15.0 60.0 24.9 4.1 14.5 48.5 37.0 9.1 14.8 49.7 35.5 13.7

Dem. People's Rep. of Korea ............. 21.2 66.3 12.5 1.2 17.1 58.5 24.4 4.2 15.4 51.6 33.0 9.1

Dem. Republic of the Congo ............. 46.0 49.4 4.6 0.3 35.5 58.0 6.5 0.6 22.1 59.8 18.1 3.0

Denmark ............................................ 16.9 58.4 24.7 4.2 16.1 54.0 29.9 9.6 15.5 49.7 34.8 12.6

Djibouti ............................................. 32.7 61.0 6.3 0.5 22.2 62.4 15.5 1.5 16.9 56.0 27.1 5.5

Dominican Republic .......................... 30.0 60.3 9.7 1.6 19.5 59.4 21.1 4.5 14.5 49.3 36.2 12.4

Ecuador ............................................. 29.0 61.1 9.9 1.4 19.5 58.7 21.8 4.8 14.4 49.2 36.4 13.2

Egypt ................................................. 33.2 58.9 7.9 0.8 25.7 59.1 15.3 1.8 17.2 55.0 27.8 7.3

El Salvador ........................................ 27.0 61.5 11.5 1.8 16.5 59.4 24.1 5.2 13.1 45.4 41.5 15.7

Equatorial Guinea .............................. 39.3 55.6 5.1 0.5 29.6 61.2 9.2 1.2 18.6 57.5 23.9 5.2

Eritrea ................................................ 42.8 53.0 4.2 0.2 29.6 61.2 9.2 0.6 18.9 58.1 23.0 4.6

Estonia ............................................... 16.1 58.7 25.2 5.2 15.4 49.5 35.1 9.1 15.0 50.0 35.0 13.2

Ethiopia ............................................. 41.4 53.3 5.2 0.5 25.9 63.7 10.4 1.1 16.2 54.8 29.0 7.2

Fiji ..................................................... 28.7 62.0 9.3 0.6 21.0 59.1 19.9 3.2 15.3 50.9 33.8 10.4

Finland............................................... 16.3 56.5 27.2 5.1 15.6 52.1 32.4 10.7 14.8 48.8 36.4 14.5

France ................................................ 18.5 56.3 25.2 6.1 16.8 51.4 31.8 11.1 15.5 48.6 35.9 14.7

French Guiana ................................... 33.9 58.2 7.8 0.9 25.0 57.9 17.0 4.0 17.6 52.5 29.9 10.6

French Polynesia ............................... 22.1 66.3 11.6 1.3 16.0 55.7 28.4 7.0 13.8 47.5 38.7 15.1

Gabon ................................................ 37.1 55.6 7.3 1.0 27.0 61.2 11.8 1.3 18.3 56.7 25.0 5.7

Gambia .............................................. 46.2 50.1 3.7 0.2 35.6 58.5 5.9 0.4 21.7 61.7 16.6 1.8

Georgia .............................................. 17.3 63.4 19.3 3.6 15.8 51.2 33.0 7.5 14.5 49.5 36.0 13.7

Germany ............................................ 12.9 59.5 27.6 5.7 12.4 48.3 39.3 14.4 13.4 46.9 39.7 16.2

Ghana ................................................ 38.8 55.9 5.3 0.4 29.7 60.7 9.7 0.7 20.8 60.4 18.8 2.5

Greece ............................................... 14.6 58.4 27.0 6.4 12.4 46.9 40.8 13.0 13.2 46.4 40.4 17.9

Grenada ............................................. 26.5 63.4 10.2 1.8 17.6 57.2 25.1 3.9 13.0 46.7 40.2 15.1

Guadeloupe ....................................... 22.0 57.8 20.2 3.9 16.7 49.3 34.0 13.4 13.5 44.8 41.7 19.0

Guam ................................................. 25.5 61.5 13.0 1.6 18.2 57.0 24.9 7.1 14.1 47.6 38.3 15.4

Guatemala ......................................... 36.6 56.4 7.0 1.0 24.2 61.6 14.2 2.1 16.0 53.1 30.8 9.1

Guinea ............................................... 42.5 52.4 5.1 0.3 32.4 60.1 7.6 0.5 20.8 58.7 20.5 3.7

Guinea-Bissau ................................... 40.8 53.9 5.3 0.3 31.2 60.5 8.3 0.5 21.5 60.8 17.7 2.1

Guyana .............................................. 28.8 62.9 8.3 0.5 21.1 65.1 13.8 2.4 16.0 54.5 29.5 5.6

Haiti ................................................... 33.7 59.2 7.1 0.7 22.6 62.0 15.3 1.7 16.4 54.3 29.3 7.1

Honduras ........................................... 31.8 61.0 7.2 1.1 18.3 62.2 19.5 3.2 14.1 48.9 37.0 12.7

Hungary ............................................. 14.6 60.5 24.9 4.4 13.8 51.6 34.6 7.4 14.5 50.2 35.3 11.8

Iceland ............................................... 20.3 60.5 19.2 3.7 15.9 53.3 30.9 9.6 14.1 47.3 38.6 16.2

India .................................................. 28.8 62.3 8.9 0.9 19.1 61.5 19.4 2.8 14.7 51.2 34.1 10.3 Indonesia ........................................... 27.7 64.1 8.2 0.7 20.0 60.8 19.2 2.3 16.4 54.6 29.0 6.4

Iran (Islamic Republic of) ................. 23.6 68.2 8.2 0.9 14.9 53.9 31.2 3.8 13.8 49.6 36.6 13.5

Iraq .................................................... 41.0 54.0 5.0 0.5 33.0 58.2 8.8 0.8 22.6 58.9 18.4 3.4

Ireland ............................................... 21.8 59.9 18.4 2.9 17.6 51.4 31.0 8.5 15.4 49.5 35.2 14.5

Israel .................................................. 27.8 56.3 15.8 3.0 22.5 55.6 21.9 5.8 16.1 50.8 33.0 12.9

Italy ................................................... 13.7 57.7 28.6 6.8 13.0 46.3 40.7 15.6 13.7 46.4 39.9 17.9

Jamaica .............................................. 23.6 63.6 12.8 2.5 16.1 55.9 28.0 6.5 12.9 45.4 41.6 15.8

Japan .................................................. 12.9 54.1 33.1 7.8 12.4 45.1 42.5 15.1 13.4 45.6 40.9 18.5

Jordan ................................................ 35.5 59.0 5.4 0.5 23.7 60.5 15.8 2.0 15.5 53.0 31.5 9.2



Country or area

2015 2050 2100

0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+

Kazakhstan ........................................ 26.7 62.6 10.7 1.1 22.5 58.9 18.6 2.5 17.2 56.3 26.5 6.6

Kenya ................................................ 41.9 53.6 4.5 0.4 30.9 59.5 9.6 0.8 19.8 58.3 21.9 4.6

Kiribati .............................................. 34.9 59.0 6.1 0.4 28.2 59.8 12.0 1.4 20.1 58.7 21.2 4.0

Kuwait ............................................... 22.3 74.2 3.4 0.2 17.2 62.7 20.1 1.9 15.1 55.1 29.8 8.4

Kyrgyzstan ........................................ 31.4 61.5 7.1 0.9 24.5 59.4 16.1 2.0 17.3 55.7 27.0 6.7

Lao People's Dem. Republic .............. 34.8 59.2 6.0 0.5 21.6 63.8 14.7 1.6 14.6 51.0 34.4 10.1

Latvia ................................................ 14.9 59.4 25.7 5.0 15.3 51.6 33.1 7.8 15.5 51.8 32.7 10.5

Lebanon ............................................. 24.0 64.6 11.5 1.5 14.3 54.9 30.8 7.5 13.7 45.6 40.8 16.4

Lesotho .............................................. 36.1 57.7 6.2 0.7 27.1 63.8 9.0 0.6 18.1 57.9 24.0 4.6

Liberia ............................................... 42.3 52.9 4.8 0.3 32.0 60.0 8.0 0.5 21.4 59.9 18.7 2.7

Libya ................................................. 29.8 63.2 7.0 0.7 18.7 59.5 21.8 2.8 14.9 51.9 33.3 10.2

Lithuania ........................................... 14.5 60.5 25.0 5.3 15.7 54.4 29.9 7.6 16.0 52.3 31.7 9.5

Luxembourg ...................................... 16.4 64.5 19.1 4.0 16.1 54.9 29.0 8.8 15.4 50.5 34.2 13.2

Madagascar ....................................... 41.7 53.6 4.7 0.4 32.5 59.2 8.2 0.8 21.7 58.4 19.9 4.0

Malawi............................................... 45.2 49.9 4.9 0.4 33.9 58.5 7.6 0.6 22.0 58.4 19.6 3.7

Malaysia ............................................ 24.5 66.3 9.2 0.8 16.9 59.6 23.6 3.6 14.7 50.2 35.1 10.9 Maldives ............................................ 27.5 65.7 6.8 0.8 16.5 58.2 25.3 3.7 13.6 48.2 38.1 15.0

Mali ................................................... 47.5 48.5 4.0 0.3 36.8 57.4 5.8 0.4 21.8 59.7 18.5 3.1

Malta ................................................. 14.4 60.0 25.6 3.5 13.1 50.7 36.2 10.4 14.1 46.6 39.2 15.2

Martinique ......................................... 17.2 56.6 26.2 5.4 14.7 49.4 35.9 18.0 14.0 44.6 41.4 18.5

Mauritania ......................................... 40.0 54.9 5.1 0.4 31.1 59.9 9.0 0.7 22.3 60.3 17.4 2.2

Mauritius ........................................... 19.3 65.9 14.7 1.7 13.8 55.6 30.6 7.4 14.2 48.3 37.5 13.3

Mayotte ............................................. 41.7 52.7 5.6 0.7 26.9 59.8 13.3 2.6 15.9 51.9 32.2 11.5

Mexico............................................... 27.6 62.8 9.6 1.5 16.9 58.4 24.7 5.4 13.5 46.7 39.8 15.7

Micronesia (Fed. States of) ................ 34.1 58.4 7.5 0.7 23.3 64.4 12.2 1.3 16.7 53.6 29.7 6.4

Mongolia ........................................... 28.2 65.4 6.4 0.7 21.2 57.7 21.1 4.3 16.7 52.1 31.1 12.5

Montenegro ....................................... 18.7 61.1 20.3 2.8 14.9 54.6 30.5 6.6 14.3 48.9 36.8 12.6

Morocco ............................................ 27.2 63.1 9.6 1.1 18.8 57.8 23.4 4.1 14.6 49.3 36.1 12.6

Mozambique ...................................... 45.3 49.6 5.1 0.4 35.2 58.6 6.2 0.6 22.5 59.4 18.1 3.1

Myanmar ........................................... 27.6 63.6 8.9 0.8 18.8 62.4 18.8 2.1 16.6 55.5 27.9 5.3

Namibia ............................................. 36.7 57.9 5.5 0.5 26.8 62.2 11.0 1.2 17.7 57.1 25.1 5.3

Nepal ................................................. 32.7 58.7 8.6 0.7 17.4 64.6 17.9 2.4 13.1 47.1 39.8 13.4

Netherlands ....................................... 16.5 59.0 24.5 4.4 15.1 51.6 33.2 11.8 14.9 48.5 36.6 14.3

New Caledonia .................................. 22.2 63.3 14.5 1.9 17.2 57.8 24.9 5.8 15.0 50.1 34.9 12.4

New Zealand ..................................... 20.2 59.5 20.3 3.6 16.7 53.9 29.4 9.8 14.4 48.2 37.4 15.2

Nicaragua .......................................... 30.0 62.2 7.8 1.2 17.3 59.4 23.4 4.4 13.3 46.6 40.0 15.8

Niger .................................................. 50.5 45.3 4.2 0.2 43.9 52.1 4.1 0.3 26.5 60.9 12.6 1.5

Nigeria ............................................... 44.0 51.5 4.5 0.2 35.2 58.4 6.3 0.3 23.6 61.0 15.3 1.7

Norway .............................................. 18.0 60.3 21.8 4.2 16.8 53.7 29.5 8.8 15.6 50.1 34.3 13.0

Oman ................................................. 20.5 75.1 4.4 0.4 16.0 59.4 24.5 3.5 13.5 49.2 37.3 15.6

Pakistan ............................................. 35.0 58.4 6.6 0.6 25.0 62.1 12.9 1.3 16.8 56.9 26.2 5.3

Panama .............................................. 27.2 61.9 10.9 1.8 18.9 57.5 23.5 5.6 14.8 49.9 35.3 12.7

Papua New Guinea ............................ 37.1 57.8 5.1 0.3 27.5 62.5 10.0 0.9 19.5 59.9 20.6 3.3

Paraguay ............................................ 30.1 60.9 9.0 1.1 20.5 61.2 18.3 3.0 15.3 52.2 32.5 9.3

Peru ................................................... 27.9 62.1 10.0 1.4 18.5 58.3 23.2 4.8 14.0 48.5 37.5 14.0

Philippines ......................................... 31.9 60.8 7.3 0.6 23.7 62.3 14.0 1.6 17.2 56.7 26.1 5.1

Poland ................................................ 14.9 62.4 22.7 4.0 12.4 48.2 39.3 9.7 13.3 47.2 39.4 16.4

Portugal ............................................. 14.1 58.9 27.1 5.9 11.7 47.1 41.2 13.8 12.8 45.8 41.3 18.4



Country or area

2015 2050 2100

0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+

Puerto Rico ........................................ 18.9 61.5 19.6 3.7 13.5 52.7 33.8 9.8 13.1 45.5 41.4 17.7

Qatar .................................................. 15.5 82.2 2.3 0.1 12.2 68.0 19.8 3.1 12.9 52.8 34.3 13.1

Republic of Korea ............................. 14.0 67.5 18.5 2.8 11.4 47.1 41.5 13.9 13.3 45.0 41.6 17.7

Republic of Moldova ......................... 15.7 67.7 16.6 2.2 12.7 53.7 33.6 4.8 14.4 51.6 34.0 10.0

Réunion ............................................. 23.6 61.2 15.1 2.3 16.1 53.1 30.9 10.8 13.4 45.0 41.6 18.1

Romania ............................................ 15.5 60.1 24.4 4.1 14.3 49.3 36.4 8.7 14.4 49.3 36.3 12.7

Russian Federation ............................ 16.8 63.2 20.0 3.1 17.7 53.5 28.8 5.1 17.0 55.5 27.5 7.5

Rwanda .............................................. 41.1 54.4 4.5 0.5 25.8 62.1 12.0 1.2 15.5 54.4 30.2 7.6

Saint Lucia ........................................ 23.1 64.3 12.5 2.3 15.2 57.4 27.3 6.4 13.7 47.8 38.6 14.2

St. Vincent and the Grenadines ......... 24.5 64.5 10.9 1.6 16.3 58.0 25.6 5.1 13.6 47.9 38.5 12.4

Samoa ................................................ 37.3 54.8 7.9 1.1 28.1 57.8 14.1 3.5 17.3 52.3 30.3 10.1

Sao Tome and Principe ...................... 42.6 52.9 4.4 0.7 31.2 59.2 9.6 0.9 21.4 58.8 19.9 3.5

Saudi Arabia ...................................... 28.6 66.4 5.0 0.5 18.7 60.4 20.9 2.7 14.7 51.8 33.5 10.3

Senegal .............................................. 43.8 51.7 4.5 0.3 34.1 57.8 8.1 0.7 22.4 57.5 20.1 4.6

Serbia ................................................ 16.3 59.3 24.4 3.7 14.6 53.1 32.3 7.1 14.5 48.9 36.6 12.3

Seychelles .......................................... 23.4 65.6 10.9 1.8 18.5 54.1 27.4 6.0 15.3 50.4 34.3 12.0

Sierra Leone ...................................... 42.4 53.2 4.4 0.2 29.3 63.1 7.7 0.4 19.4 61.0 19.6 2.1

Singapore ........................................... 15.5 66.6 17.9 2.4 11.0 48.6 40.4 13.8 10.6 43.1 46.4 21.7

Slovakia ............................................. 15.1 64.3 20.5 3.0 13.7 50.1 36.2 7.6 14.4 49.6 35.9 12.8

Slovenia ............................................. 14.8 60.0 25.2 4.9 14.5 46.5 39.0 12.2 14.7 48.7 36.5 15.3

Solomon Islands ................................ 39.5 55.3 5.2 0.4 28.2 61.1 10.8 1.0 18.6 57.1 24.3 5.1

Somalia .............................................. 46.7 48.8 4.5 0.3 38.0 56.8 5.2 0.4 24.6 61.4 14.0 1.5

South Africa ...................................... 29.2 63.0 7.7 1.0 21.4 63.3 15.4 2.0 16.6 55.6 27.8 6.8

South Sudan ...................................... 42.1 52.8 5.1 0.4 31.9 60.5 7.5 0.6 21.3 61.2 17.5 2.1

Spain .................................................. 14.9 60.7 24.4 5.9 12.7 45.9 41.4 14.0 13.3 46.8 39.9 17.8

Sri Lanka ........................................... 24.6 61.5 13.9 1.5 17.3 54.1 28.6 6.6 13.5 46.6 40.0 15.2

State of Palestine ............................... 40.2 55.3 4.5 0.4 28.8 60.9 10.4 1.2 18.3 56.1 25.6 6.4

Sudan ................................................. 40.5 54.3 5.2 0.4 30.1 60.7 9.2 0.9 20.6 59.6 19.8 3.1

Suriname ........................................... 26.8 63.0 10.2 1.3 19.0 59.6 21.4 3.8 15.3 51.8 32.9 9.4

Swaziland .......................................... 37.4 57.1 5.5 0.4 27.5 64.8 7.7 0.7 17.9 58.1 23.9 4.5

Sweden .............................................. 17.3 57.2 25.5 5.1 17.4 53.0 29.6 9.5 16.0 50.4 33.6 13.0

Switzerland ........................................ 14.8 61.7 23.6 5.0 14.6 50.9 34.5 11.7 14.9 48.8 36.3 14.7

Syrian Arab Republic ........................ 37.1 56.4 6.4 0.7 21.8 61.8 16.4 2.0 15.1 52.2 32.7 9.4

Tajikistan ........................................... 34.8 60.1 5.0 0.6 27.0 59.8 13.2 1.8 18.0 57.1 24.9 6.0

TFYR Macedonia .............................. 17.0 64.5 18.5 2.3 14.3 52.9 32.8 6.9 14.4 48.9 36.6 12.7

Thailand ............................................. 17.7 66.5 15.8 2.1 12.7 50.2 37.1 9.9 13.3 46.3 40.4 15.8

Timor-Leste ....................................... 42.4 50.4 7.2 0.5 32.6 59.3 8.1 1.0 18.7 57.7 23.6 4.9

Togo .................................................. 42.2 53.3 4.5 0.2 32.3 59.5 8.1 0.5 21.6 59.6 18.8 3.0

Tonga ................................................ 36.8 55.1 8.2 1.4 27.5 59.5 12.9 2.5 18.3 54.0 27.7 7.9

Trinidad and Tobago ......................... 20.8 65.0 14.2 1.6 16.3 55.5 28.2 4.6 15.4 53.1 31.5 8.9

Tunisia ............................................... 23.4 65.0 11.7 1.6 17.4 56.1 26.5 4.8 14.9 50.6 34.5 11.8

Turkey ............................................... 25.7 63.1 11.2 1.4 16.7 56.6 26.6 5.4 14.0 48.2 37.7 14.0

Turkmenistan ..................................... 28.2 64.9 6.9 0.8 19.4 62.4 18.2 2.0 16.4 56.2 27.4 5.8

Uganda .............................................. 48.1 48.1 3.8 0.4 36.0 58.0 6.0 0.5 22.3 59.9 17.8 2.9

Ukraine .............................................. 14.9 62.5 22.6 3.4 15.9 52.6 31.5 5.5 16.2 55.1 28.7 7.6

United Arab Emirates ........................ 13.9 83.7 2.3 0.1 11.7 64.8 23.5 4.1 13.4 53.3 33.3 12.0

United Kingdom ................................ 17.8 59.2 23.0 4.7 16.6 52.7 30.7 9.7 15.2 49.7 35.1 13.7

United Republic of Tanzania ............. 45.2 50.0 4.8 0.5 35.9 56.9 7.2 0.8 23.7 58.6 17.6 3.4



Country or area

2015 2050 2100

0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+ 0-14 15-59 60+ 80+

United States of America ................... 19.0 60.4 20.7 3.8 17.5 54.7 27.9 8.3 16.3 51.1 32.6 11.5

United States Virgin Islands .............. 20.4 55.6 24.1 3.0 16.0 51.8 32.1 13.0 12.7 43.5 43.8 19.6

Uruguay ............................................. 21.4 59.4 19.1 4.3 16.7 55.8 27.5 7.0 14.5 48.6 36.9 13.7

Uzbekistan ......................................... 28.5 64.1 7.4 1.0 20.1 60.8 19.1 2.5 16.0 55.1 28.9 7.1

Vanuatu ............................................. 36.5 57.0 6.5 0.5 26.4 59.4 14.2 1.9 17.7 54.5 27.8 7.7 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) ...................................................... 28.1 62.5 9.4 1.2 19.0 59.1 21.9 4.6 14.7 50.0 35.3 12.2

Viet Nam ........................................... 23.1 66.6 10.3 2.0 17.2 54.9 27.9 6.2 15.4 50.0 34.5 12.9

Western Sahara .................................. 25.7 68.8 5.5 0.3 17.1 60.9 22.0 2.6 14.8 52.0 33.1 9.8

Yemen ............................................... 40.3 55.1 4.7 0.3 25.2 64.8 9.9 0.6 15.9 57.5 26.6 4.4

Zambia............................................... 45.9 49.8 4.3 0.4 37.3 56.2 6.6 0.5 26.3 58.6 15.1 2.6

Zimbabwe .......................................... 41.6 54.0 4.4 0.5 28.5 61.4 10.2 0.7 17.8 57.0 25.2 5.7 Other non-specified areas .................. 13.6 67.8 18.6 3.1 10.0 45.6 44.3 14.4 12.7 43.8 43.5 19.7

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. New York: United Nations. NOTE: Only countries or areas with 90,000 persons or more in 2015 are considered.


TABLE S.7. TEN COUNTRIES WITH THE OLDEST AND THE YOUNGEST POPULATIONS, 1950, 1980, 2015, 2030 AND 2050 (MEDIUM VARIANT)

1950 1980 2015 2030 2050

Country or area

Median age

(years) Country or area

Median age

(years) Country or area

Median age

(years) Country or area Median age

(years) Country or area Median age

(years)

A. Oldest populations

1. Channel Islands 35.7 1. Germany 36.4 1. Japan 46.5 1. Japan 51.5 1. Other non-specified areas 56.2

2. Austria 35.7 2. Sweden 36.2 2. Germany 46.2 2. Italy 50.8 2. Republic of Korea 53.9

3. Belgium 35.5 3. Austria 35.0 3. Martinique 46.1 3. Portugal 50.2 3. Japan 53.3

4. Germany 35.3 4. Luxembourg 35.0 4. Italy 45.9 4. Spain 50.1 4. Bosnia and Herzegovina 53.2

5. Luxembourg 35.0 5. Latvia 35.0 5. Portugal 44.0 5. Greece 48.9 5. Singapore 53.0

6. United Kingdom 34.9 6. Channel Islands 34.9 6. Greece 43.6 6. China, Hong Kong SAR 48.6 6. China, Hong Kong SAR 52.7

7. France 34.7 7. Switzerland 34.6 7. Bulgaria 43.5 7. Germany 48.6 7. Portugal 52.5

8. Sweden 34.2 8. Hungary 34.4 8. Austria 43.2 8. Other non-specified areas 48.1 8. Greece 52.3

9. Switzerland 33.2 9. United Kingdom 34.4 9. China, Hong Kong SAR 43.2 9. Slovenia 48.1 9. Cuba 51.9

10. Norway 32.6 10. Denmark 34.3 10. Spain 43.2 10. Republic of Korea 47.5 10. Poland 51.8

B. Youngest populations

1. Niger 15.2 1. Kenya 15.0 1. Niger 14.8 1. Niger 15.2 1. Niger 17.8

2. St. Vincent and the Grenadines 15.4 2. State of Palestine 15.1 2. Uganda 15.9 2. Somalia 17.7 2. Somalia 20.8

3. Tonga 15.5 3. Yemen 15.3 3. Chad 16.0 3. Angola 17.7 3. Angola 21.0

4. Grenada 16.3 4. Mayotte 15.4 4. Angola 16.1 4. Chad 17.9 4. Zambia 21.4

5. Paraguay 16.5 5. Jordan 15.5 5. Mali 16.2 5. Mali 17.9 5. Mali 21.4

6. Djibouti 16.5 6. Zimbabwe 15.5 6. Somalia 16.5 6. Uganda 18.1 6. Chad 21.7

7. Samoa 16.6 7. Swaziland 15.6 7. Gambia 16.8 7. Gambia 18.3 7. Burundi 21.8

8. Fiji 16.6 8. Syrian Arab Republic 15.6 8. Zambia 16.9 8. Burundi 18.5 8. Uganda 21.9

9. Vanuatu 16.8 9. Zambia 15.9 9. Dem. Republic of the Congo 16.9 9. Zambia 18.5 9. Gambia 22.1

10. United Republic of Tanzania 16.9 10. Rwanda 16.0 10. Burkina Faso 17.0 10. Dem. Republic of the Congo 18.6 10. United Republic of Tanzania 22.2

WORLD 23.5 WORLD 22.5 WORLD 29.6 WORLD 33.1 WORLD 36.1



TABLE S.8. MEDIAN AGE OF THE POPULATION BY COUNTRY, 1950, 1980, 2015, 2050 AND 2100 (MEDIUM VARIANT)

Country or area

Median age (years)

1950 1980 2015 2030 2050 2100

World ..................................................... 23.5 22.5 29.6 33.1 36.1 41.7

Afghanistan ............................................. 19.4 17.0 17.5 22.5 29.8 43.0

Albania ................................................... 21.2 21.4 34.3 39.0 47.6 52.3

Algeria .................................................... 19.4 16.7 27.6 31.9 37.1 46.9

Angola .................................................... 19.4 16.5 16.1 17.7 21.0 32.6

Antigua and Barbuda .............................. 20.6 22.5 30.9 35.3 40.6 47.2

Argentina ................................................ 25.7 27.3 30.8 34.1 38.6 46.9

Armenia .................................................. 22.4 23.5 34.6 41.4 46.9 50.5

Aruba ...................................................... 18.5 26.0 40.2 42.0 45.6 47.7

Australia ................................................. 30.4 29.4 37.5 39.8 41.4 46.6

Austria .................................................... 35.7 35.0 43.2 46.5 49.7 49.1

Azerbaijan ............................................... 22.8 21.1 30.9 37.1 38.6 44.2

Bahamas ................................................. 20.7 20.2 32.4 37.6 42.0 47.3

Bahrain ................................................... 18.9 22.3 30.3 35.6 42.2 47.9

Bangladesh ............................................. 19.3 17.3 25.6 31.5 39.6 49.0

Barbados ................................................. 24.6 24.3 38.5 41.9 43.4 46.1

Belarus .................................................... 27.2 31.3 39.6 42.8 42.2 43.6

Belgium .................................................. 35.5 34.2 41.5 43.6 44.6 46.9

Belize ...................................................... 20.8 16.4 23.5 28.4 34.0 43.4

Benin ...................................................... 24.2 17.5 18.6 21.1 25.1 35.1

Bhutan..................................................... 18.0 18.9 26.7 33.7 41.9 49.0

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) ............... 20.5 18.7 24.1 28.2 33.6 44.8

Bosnia and Herzegovina ......................... 20.0 25.7 41.5 47.2 53.2 51.4

Botswana ................................................ 19.2 16.6 24.2 28.0 33.6 42.9

Brazil ...................................................... 19.2 20.2 31.3 37.4 44.8 50.2

Brunei Darussalam .................................. 22.4 20.4 30.6 37.8 45.4 50.9

Bulgaria .................................................. 27.3 34.2 43.5 47.1 47.8 47.0

Burkina Faso ........................................... 19.5 17.1 17.0 19.1 22.7 33.5

Burundi ................................................... 19.5 17.6 17.6 18.5 21.8 31.9

Cabo Verde ............................................. 23.0 16.0 24.5 30.8 38.4 49.0

Cambodia ................................................ 18.7 19.1 23.9 28.6 34.5 46.5

Cameroon ............................................... 20.3 17.7 18.5 20.8 24.9 35.8

Canada .................................................... 27.7 29.2 40.6 43.5 45.5 47.6

Central African Republic ........................ 22.5 18.9 20.0 22.9 27.7 39.3

Chad ........................................................ 21.5 17.5 16.0 17.9 21.7 33.3

Channel Islands ....................................... 35.7 34.9 42.6 46.1 48.0 49.0

Chile ....................................................... 22.1 23.1 34.4 40.1 46.9 51.4

China ...................................................... 23.7 21.7 37.0 43.2 49.6 51.1

China, Hong Kong SAR ......................... 23.7 25.1 43.2 48.6 52.7 49.2

China, Macao SAR ................................. 26.5 25.5 37.9 43.7 47.0 46.4

Colombia ................................................ 18.7 18.9 30.0 36.4 43.4 49.7

Comoros ................................................. 21.2 17.2 19.7 22.1 26.3 37.0

Congo ..................................................... 20.0 17.5 18.7 20.1 23.3 33.2

Costa Rica ............................................... 18.2 20.6 31.4 38.0 45.3 50.7

Côte d'Ivoire ........................................... 18.3 17.5 18.4 19.8 22.8 32.1

Croatia .................................................... 27.9 33.5 42.8 46.5 49.6 50.3

Cuba ........................................................ 22.3 23.9 41.2 46.4 51.9 52.2



Country or area

Median age (years)

1950 1980 2015 2030 2050 2100

Curaçao ................................................... 22.6 23.3 40.5 41.0 42.9 47.1

Cyprus..................................................... 23.7 28.3 35.9 41.9 47.5 48.7

Czech Republic ....................................... 32.5 33.0 41.5 46.9 48.1 47.7

Dem. People's Rep. of Korea .................. 18.0 21.9 33.9 37.3 41.0 46.0

Dem. Republic of the Congo .................. 18.1 17.7 16.9 18.6 22.3 34.2

Denmark ................................................. 31.7 34.3 41.6 42.3 44.1 46.4

Djibouti ................................................... 16.5 16.5 23.6 27.7 33.4 42.2

Dominican Republic ............................... 17.1 18.1 26.1 30.6 37.1 48.4

Ecuador ................................................... 20.4 18.8 26.6 31.2 37.4 48.3

Egypt ...................................................... 20.8 19.8 24.7 26.5 31.0 42.0

El Salvador ............................................. 18.5 17.9 26.7 33.1 41.8 52.6

Equatorial Guinea ................................... 23.8 17.3 20.5 22.3 26.5 39.2

Eritrea ..................................................... 17.3 16.9 18.6 21.7 26.7 38.6

Estonia .................................................... 29.9 33.9 41.7 44.9 45.9 47.4

Ethiopia ................................................... 17.9 17.6 18.6 22.9 29.2 43.4

Fiji .......................................................... 16.6 19.5 27.6 30.5 35.4 46.5

Finland .................................................... 27.8 32.8 42.5 44.4 45.1 48.0

France ..................................................... 34.7 32.6 41.2 43.0 43.9 47.2

French Guiana ......................................... 26.6 23.1 24.5 27.6 32.0 42.3

French Polynesia ..................................... 18.7 19.5 31.5 37.3 43.2 50.1

Gabon ..................................................... 28.1 21.6 21.4 24.0 29.0 39.9

Gambia ................................................... 19.5 17.8 16.8 18.3 22.1 34.3

Georgia ................................................... 27.3 29.1 37.5 42.0 45.0 48.5

Germany ................................................. 35.3 36.4 46.2 48.6 51.4 50.8

Ghana ...................................................... 17.4 17.0 20.6 22.7 26.8 35.6

Greece ..................................................... 26.0 34.3 43.6 48.9 52.3 51.7

Grenada ................................................... 16.3 18.8 27.2 33.4 40.0 52.1

Guadeloupe ............................................. 20.9 22.0 39.4 43.0 45.5 52.7

Guam ...................................................... 22.8 22.6 30.1 34.3 39.9 49.6

Guatemala ............................................... 17.5 17.2 21.2 25.5 31.5 44.2

Guinea..................................................... 21.9 19.1 18.5 20.5 24.5 36.1

Guinea-Bissau ......................................... 21.8 19.2 19.4 21.4 25.4 34.8

Guyana .................................................... 20.4 17.9 24.7 29.9 34.0 44.1

Haiti ........................................................ 20.2 19.1 23.0 27.2 33.1 43.4

Honduras ................................................. 18.8 16.4 23.4 29.9 38.2 49.0

Hungary .................................................. 30.1 34.4 41.3 45.7 47.8 47.7

Iceland .................................................... 26.5 26.9 36.0 40.1 44.3 49.8

India ........................................................ 21.3 20.2 26.6 31.2 37.3 47.0

Indonesia ................................................. 20.0 19.1 28.4 31.9 36.5 43.5

Iran (Islamic Republic of) ....................... 21.9 18.1 29.5 38.3 44.7 49.4

Iraq .......................................................... 22.0 16.6 19.3 21.1 24.3 33.9

Ireland ..................................................... 30.0 26.2 36.9 41.3 42.6 47.0

Israel ....................................................... 25.5 25.0 30.3 31.8 35.2 45.1

Italy ......................................................... 28.6 34.1 45.9 50.8 51.7 50.8

Jamaica ................................................... 22.2 19.2 29.1 35.6 43.8 52.8

Japan ....................................................... 22.3 32.6 46.5 51.5 53.3 51.7

Jordan ..................................................... 17.2 15.5 22.5 26.3 32.4 45.1

Kazakhstan ............................................. 23.2 23.5 29.3 31.9 34.3 41.8



Country or area

Median age (years)

1950 1980 2015 2030 2050 2100

Kenya ...................................................... 20.0 15.0 18.9 21.6 25.7 37.3

Kiribati .................................................... 19.2 19.4 22.4 24.2 28.4 37.1

Kuwait .................................................... 21.5 20.6 31.0 33.9 37.8 44.1

Kyrgyzstan .............................................. 25.3 20.8 25.1 27.5 32.1 41.8

Lao People's Dem. Republic ................... 19.8 17.7 21.9 26.4 33.7 47.4

Latvia ...................................................... 30.5 35.0 42.9 44.7 45.3 45.8

Lebanon .................................................. 23.2 19.9 28.5 37.6 46.8 51.2

Lesotho ................................................... 19.8 17.6 21.0 23.1 28.0 39.7

Liberia..................................................... 19.1 17.5 18.6 21.1 24.7 35.1

Libya ....................................................... 21.0 16.1 27.5 31.8 38.4 46.7

Lithuania ................................................. 27.8 31.9 43.1 43.3 44.3 45.0

Luxembourg............................................ 35.0 35.0 39.2 41.0 42.7 46.1

Madagascar ............................................. 20.9 16.8 18.7 20.9 24.5 35.1

Malawi .................................................... 17.1 16.3 17.2 19.3 23.5 34.7

Malaysia ................................................. 19.8 19.6 28.5 34.5 40.5 47.3

Maldives ................................................. 18.6 17.1 26.4 33.9 41.4 50.3

Mali ........................................................ 20.8 17.9 16.2 17.9 21.4 34.6

Malta ....................................................... 23.7 28.9 41.5 45.8 50.2 49.8

Martinique .............................................. 21.9 23.5 46.1 47.0 48.0 51.5

Mauritania ............................................... 17.9 17.1 19.8 22.1 25.5 34.0

Mauritius ................................................. 17.3 21.5 35.2 40.4 47.1 49.0

Mayotte ................................................... 30.3 15.4 19.0 23.2 29.3 44.8

Mexico .................................................... 18.7 17.2 27.4 33.1 40.9 51.0

Micronesia (Fed. States of) ..................... 19.8 16.3 21.5 25.6 30.9 43.3

Mongolia ................................................. 25.0 17.8 27.3 31.2 35.4 43.9

Montenegro ............................................. 21.6 26.7 37.6 41.6 45.5 48.7

Morocco .................................................. 19.5 17.7 28.0 33.1 38.6 48.3

Mozambique ........................................... 19.1 17.9 17.1 18.9 22.4 33.9

Myanmar ................................................. 22.4 19.2 27.9 32.4 38.0 42.7

Namibia .................................................. 20.9 16.7 21.2 23.9 28.8 40.6

Nepal ...................................................... 20.5 19.3 23.1 29.3 38.9 51.5

Netherlands ............................................. 28.0 31.2 42.7 44.7 46.2 47.9

New Caledonia ....................................... 22.5 22.2 33.1 36.5 40.8 47.0

New Zealand ........................................... 29.4 27.9 38.0 40.0 43.0 48.8

Nicaragua ................................................ 18.2 16.4 25.2 31.7 40.1 51.4

Niger ....................................................... 15.2 16.3 14.8 15.2 17.8 29.4

Nigeria .................................................... 19.1 18.0 17.9 19.3 22.5 32.4

Norway ................................................... 32.6 33.3 39.1 40.9 42.8 46.1

Oman ...................................................... 18.8 17.6 29.0 34.2 40.1 49.3

Pakistan ................................................... 19.8 18.5 22.5 25.5 30.9 41.8

Panama ................................................... 18.8 19.1 28.7 33.0 38.5 47.5

Papua New Guinea ................................. 20.3 17.3 21.2 24.3 28.2 37.5

Paraguay ................................................. 16.5 18.4 24.9 29.8 35.5 45.7

Peru ......................................................... 19.1 18.5 27.5 32.4 38.7 49.3

Philippines .............................................. 18.2 18.1 24.2 27.7 32.0 41.5

Poland ..................................................... 25.8 29.3 39.6 46.1 51.8 51.1

Portugal ................................................... 26.1 30.7 44.0 50.2 52.5 52.3

Puerto Rico ............................................. 18.4 24.6 36.3 41.4 48.3 52.3



Country or area

Median age (years)

1950 1980 2015 2030 2050 2100

Qatar ....................................................... 18.9 23.3 30.7 34.0 41.0 46.3

Republic of Korea ................................... 19.0 22.2 40.6 47.5 53.9 52.0

Republic of Moldova .............................. 26.6 27.7 35.6 42.6 49.3 47.6

Réunion ................................................... 20.3 19.8 34.3 38.7 44.4 52.4

Romania .................................................. 26.3 30.4 42.1 47.0 48.1 48.5

Russian Federation .................................. 24.3 31.4 38.7 42.4 40.8 42.4

Rwanda ................................................... 18.0 16.0 19.2 23.2 29.7 44.5

Saint Lucia .............................................. 20.7 17.5 31.2 36.8 43.9 50.2

St. Vincent and the Grenadines ............... 15.4 17.4 29.8 35.7 42.1 50.9

Samoa ..................................................... 16.6 16.4 21.2 24.0 28.5 42.5

Sao Tome and Principe ........................... 24.5 16.3 18.5 21.2 25.5 35.4

Saudi Arabia ........................................... 19.0 18.0 28.3 32.3 38.2 46.7

Senegal ................................................... 19.2 16.6 18.0 19.6 23.5 34.5

Serbia ...................................................... 25.8 30.9 40.6 43.5 46.8 48.4

Seychelles ............................................... 26.1 19.9 32.6 37.2 39.7 46.8

Sierra Leone ............................................ 20.4 19.4 18.5 21.3 26.4 37.4

Singapore ................................................ 20.0 24.5 40.0 47.0 53.0 56.8

Slovakia .................................................. 27.0 28.8 39.1 45.2 49.0 48.2

Slovenia .................................................. 27.7 31.6 43.1 48.1 49.3 48.4

Solomon Islands ..................................... 18.3 16.3 19.9 23.2 27.9 39.3

Somalia ................................................... 19.5 18.1 16.5 17.7 20.8 31.3

South Africa ............................................ 20.9 19.1 25.7 29.3 33.9 42.5

South Sudan ............................................ 18.1 17.7 18.6 20.6 24.6 34.9

Spain ....................................................... 27.5 30.4 43.2 50.1 51.8 51.3

Sri Lanka ................................................ 21.6 21.7 32.3 37.0 42.5 51.6

State of Palestine .................................... 17.3 15.1 19.3 22.3 27.4 40.0

Sudan ...................................................... 18.1 16.5 19.4 22.3 26.2 36.2

Suriname ................................................. 20.1 18.9 29.0 32.7 37.9 46.0

Swaziland ............................................... 18.4 15.6 20.5 22.6 27.5 39.8

Sweden ................................................... 34.2 36.2 41.0 41.8 42.0 45.4

Switzerland ............................................. 33.2 34.6 42.3 45.1 46.9 47.7

Syrian Arab Republic ............................. 20.3 15.6 20.8 27.2 33.7 46.1

Tajikistan ................................................ 22.3 18.0 22.5 24.8 29.6 40.1

TFYR Macedonia ................................... 21.8 25.9 37.5 42.6 47.2 48.5

Thailand .................................................. 18.6 19.7 38.0 44.8 50.6 51.9

Timor-Leste ............................................ 19.6 19.3 18.5 19.2 24.3 39.0

Togo ........................................................ 19.4 16.8 18.7 21.0 24.6 34.9

Tonga ...................................................... 15.5 18.3 21.3 24.6 28.4 40.4

Trinidad and Tobago ............................... 20.9 21.7 33.8 40.2 42.6 45.5

Tunisia .................................................... 20.3 18.6 31.2 36.5 40.4 47.2

Turkey..................................................... 19.7 19.8 29.8 35.2 41.8 49.4

Turkmenistan .......................................... 23.5 18.7 26.4 31.5 36.7 42.8

Uganda .................................................... 18.2 16.2 15.9 18.1 21.9 34.0

Ukraine ................................................... 27.6 33.5 40.3 44.1 43.7 43.6

United Arab Emirates ............................. 18.9 26.1 33.3 36.6 43.4 46.0

United Kingdom ..................................... 34.9 34.4 40.0 41.9 43.3 46.9

United Republic of Tanzania .................. 16.9 16.6 17.3 18.8 22.2 32.8

United States of America ........................ 30.0 30.0 38.0 40.0 41.7 44.7



Country or area

Median age (years)

1950 1980 2015 2030 2050 2100

United States Virgin Islands ................... 22.0 22.0 41.0 42.4 44.6 54.4

Uruguay .................................................. 27.8 30.1 34.9 37.8 42.5 48.6

Uzbekistan .............................................. 24.1 18.8 26.3 31.4 36.4 43.7

Vanuatu ................................................... 16.8 17.5 22.2 25.2 30.2 41.6

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) ....... 17.2 18.7 27.4 32.1 38.0 47.6

Viet Nam ................................................ 24.5 19.1 30.4 37.0 41.9 46.7

Western Sahara ....................................... 18.7 21.2 29.4 34.9 39.8 46.4

Yemen..................................................... 18.9 15.3 19.3 23.0 29.6 43.1

Zambia .................................................... 17.5 15.9 16.9 18.5 21.4 30.1

Zimbabwe ............................................... 19.0 15.5 18.9 21.6 27.5 40.4

Other non-specified areas ....................... 19.1 22.7 39.7 48.1 56.2 53.8



TABLE S.9. TOTAL FERTILITY BY COUNTRY FOR SELECTED PERIODS (MEDIUM VARIANT)

Country or area

Total fertility (average number of children per woman)

1975-1980 1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

World ................................................. 3.87 3.04 2.56 2.51 2.47 2.38 2.25 1.99

Afghanistan ........................................ 7.45 7.48 6.35 5.13 4.25 3.02 2.09 1.74 Albania ............................................... 3.90 2.79 1.60 1.78 1.78 1.76 1.77 1.82 Algeria ................................................ 7.18 4.12 2.72 2.93 2.62 2.26 1.96 1.87

Angola ................................................ 7.35 7.15 6.60 6.20 5.79 4.98 3.64 2.20

Antigua and Barbuda .......................... 2.24 2.09 2.17 2.10 2.03 1.94 1.84 1.83

Argentina ............................................ 3.44 2.90 2.40 2.35 2.27 2.13 1.94 1.84

Armenia .............................................. 2.50 2.38 1.74 1.55 1.51 1.52 1.63 1.79

Aruba .................................................. 2.45 2.17 1.74 1.68 1.62 1.63 1.70 1.81

Australia ............................................. 1.99 1.86 1.95 1.92 1.86 1.81 1.78 1.82

Austria ................................................ 1.65 1.48 1.40 1.47 1.53 1.62 1.73 1.83

Azerbaijan .......................................... 3.62 2.90 2.29 2.30 2.22 2.09 1.94 1.86

Bahamas ............................................. 2.95 2.64 1.91 1.89 1.83 1.77 1.75 1.81

Bahrain ............................................... 5.23 3.40 2.23 2.10 1.98 1.79 1.67 1.77

Bangladesh ......................................... 6.63 4.06 2.48 2.23 2.08 1.84 1.67 1.78

Barbados ............................................. 2.16 1.73 1.77 1.79 1.80 1.82 1.84 1.87

Belarus ................................................ 2.09 1.68 1.43 1.58 1.64 1.73 1.82 1.88

Belgium .............................................. 1.70 1.61 1.82 1.82 1.83 1.85 1.88 1.90

Belize .................................................. 6.20 4.35 2.84 2.64 2.46 2.19 1.89 1.78

Benin .................................................. 7.00 6.56 5.31 4.89 4.50 3.84 2.96 2.04

Bhutan ................................................ 6.67 5.07 2.62 2.10 1.93 1.69 1.59 1.77

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) ........... 5.89 4.70 3.39 3.04 2.83 2.51 2.13 1.82

Bosnia and Herzegovina ..................... 2.19 1.65 1.28 1.28 1.23 1.29 1.51 1.76

Botswana ............................................ 6.37 4.32 2.90 2.90 2.67 2.35 1.97 1.81

Brazil .................................................. 4.31 2.60 1.90 1.82 1.74 1.66 1.67 1.79

Brunei Darussalam ............................. 4.71 3.28 2.00 1.90 1.82 1.72 1.69 1.79

Bulgaria .............................................. 2.19 1.55 1.50 1.52 1.60 1.71 1.81 1.88

Burkina Faso ....................................... 7.02 6.93 6.08 5.65 5.23 4.48 3.34 2.16

Burundi ............................................... 7.48 7.43 6.52 6.08 5.66 4.89 3.69 2.33

Cabo Verde ......................................... 6.62 4.93 2.62 2.37 2.19 1.94 1.74 1.79

Cambodia ............................................ 5.42 5.13 3.08 2.70 2.53 2.27 1.97 1.80

Cameroon ........................................... 6.47 6.22 5.21 4.81 4.46 3.84 3.01 2.08

Canada ................................................ 1.73 1.69 1.64 1.61 1.56 1.58 1.67 1.80

Central African Republic .................... 5.95 5.65 4.85 4.41 4.02 3.35 2.55 1.90

Chad ................................................... 6.87 7.39 6.85 6.31 5.79 4.85 3.46 2.12

Channel Islands .................................. 1.52 1.46 1.42 1.46 1.49 1.54 1.62 1.72

Chile ................................................... 2.93 2.38 1.88 1.78 1.73 1.70 1.73 1.82

China .................................................. 3.01 2.00 1.53 1.55 1.59 1.66 1.74 1.81

China, Hong Kong SAR ..................... 2.31 1.24 1.03 1.20 1.30 1.44 1.63 1.80

China, Macao SAR ............................. 1.41 1.41 0.94 1.19 1.34 1.54 1.74 1.87

Colombia ............................................ 4.25 2.84 2.10 1.93 1.83 1.69 1.67 1.79

Comoros ............................................. 7.05 6.10 4.90 4.60 4.23 3.63 2.86 2.00

Congo ................................................. 6.35 5.21 5.05 4.95 4.64 4.10 3.29 2.30

Costa Rica ........................................... 3.70 3.01 2.01 1.85 1.76 1.67 1.69 1.80

Côte d'Ivoire ....................................... 7.81 6.41 5.36 5.10 4.77 4.20 3.39 2.31

Croatia ................................................ 1.90 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.48 1.51 1.63 1.79



Country or area


1975-1980 1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Cuba ................................................... 2.15 1.65 1.63 1.63 1.58 1.59 1.67 1.80

Curaçao ............................................... 2.45 2.28 1.98 2.10 2.05 1.98 1.90 1.87

Cyprus ................................................ 2.29 2.33 1.51 1.46 1.42 1.46 1.60 1.79

Czech Republic ................................... 2.36 1.65 1.43 1.45 1.54 1.65 1.78 1.86

Dem. People's Rep. of Korea .............. 2.68 2.25 2.00 2.00 1.94 1.87 1.82 1.83

Dem. Republic of the Congo .............. 6.46 7.10 6.60 6.15 5.66 4.77 3.43 2.13

Denmark ............................................. 1.68 1.75 1.85 1.73 1.76 1.80 1.85 1.88

Djibouti ............................................... 6.64 5.85 3.70 3.30 2.99 2.55 2.09 1.81

Dominican Republic ........................... 4.76 3.31 2.67 2.53 2.38 2.13 1.84 1.79

Ecuador ............................................... 5.05 3.55 2.73 2.59 2.44 2.21 1.92 1.80

Egypt .................................................. 5.60 4.12 2.98 3.38 3.16 2.82 2.38 1.90

El Salvador ......................................... 5.42 3.69 2.23 1.97 1.87 1.73 1.66 1.77

Equatorial Guinea ............................... 5.68 5.89 5.36 4.97 4.52 3.72 2.70 1.92

Eritrea ................................................. 6.62 6.20 4.80 4.40 4.02 3.41 2.67 1.93

Estonia ................................................ 2.06 1.63 1.66 1.59 1.66 1.74 1.82 1.87

Ethiopia .............................................. 7.18 7.09 5.26 4.59 3.99 3.11 2.28 1.79

Fiji ...................................................... 4.00 3.35 2.75 2.61 2.48 2.27 1.98 1.83

Finland ................................................ 1.66 1.82 1.84 1.75 1.77 1.79 1.82 1.85

France ................................................. 1.86 1.71 1.97 2.00 1.99 1.98 1.96 1.95

French Guiana .................................... 3.30 4.05 3.63 3.48 3.28 2.97 2.56 2.02

French Polynesia ................................ 4.23 3.11 2.17 2.07 1.99 1.86 1.76 1.79

Gabon ................................................. 5.57 5.22 4.15 4.00 3.68 3.16 2.54 1.93

Gambia ............................................... 6.34 6.08 5.79 5.78 5.53 4.87 3.48 2.04

Georgia ............................................... 2.39 2.05 1.80 1.81 1.82 1.83 1.86 1.87

Germany ............................................. 1.51 1.30 1.36 1.39 1.44 1.51 1.62 1.74

Ghana ................................................. 6.69 5.34 4.29 4.25 3.95 3.47 2.83 2.03

Greece ................................................. 2.32 1.37 1.46 1.34 1.30 1.37 1.56 1.77

Grenada .............................................. 4.30 3.46 2.30 2.18 2.08 1.90 1.76 1.80

Guadeloupe ......................................... 3.52 2.10 2.14 2.17 2.10 2.00 1.91 1.87

Guam .................................................. 3.52 2.88 2.54 2.42 2.32 2.14 1.93 1.83

Guatemala ........................................... 6.20 5.15 3.61 3.30 3.03 2.64 2.19 1.83

Guinea ................................................ 6.45 6.51 5.54 5.13 4.73 4.02 3.04 2.06

Guinea-Bissau ..................................... 6.25 6.50 5.23 4.95 4.56 3.89 3.00 2.05

Guyana................................................ 4.52 3.44 2.77 2.60 2.47 2.27 2.00 1.83

Haiti .................................................... 5.80 5.15 3.55 3.13 2.85 2.46 2.03 1.80

Honduras ............................................ 6.60 4.92 2.99 2.47 2.25 1.99 1.76 1.78

Hungary .............................................. 2.13 1.74 1.33 1.34 1.40 1.50 1.64 1.77

Iceland ................................................ 2.45 2.19 2.13 1.96 1.90 1.83 1.78 1.82

India .................................................... 4.97 3.83 2.80 2.48 2.34 2.14 1.89 1.80

Indonesia ............................................ 4.73 2.90 2.50 2.50 2.36 2.14 1.91 1.84

Iran (Islamic Republic of) ................... 6.28 3.95 1.79 1.75 1.62 1.49 1.61 1.79

Iraq ..................................................... 6.80 5.65 4.64 4.64 4.35 3.86 3.17 2.24

Ireland ................................................. 3.25 1.91 2.00 2.01 2.00 1.98 1.95 1.93

Israel ................................................... 3.47 2.93 2.91 3.05 2.93 2.71 2.38 1.94

Italy ..................................................... 1.89 1.27 1.42 1.43 1.49 1.59 1.71 1.81

Jamaica ............................................... 4.00 2.84 2.28 2.08 1.99 1.86 1.77 1.81

Japan ................................................... 1.83 1.48 1.34 1.40 1.46 1.57 1.69 1.81

Jordan ................................................. 7.38 5.09 3.59 3.51 3.20 2.74 2.18 1.80



Country or area


1975-1980 1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Kazakhstan ......................................... 3.06 2.55 2.54 2.64 2.53 2.35 2.10 1.88

Kenya ................................................. 7.64 5.57 4.80 4.44 4.10 3.56 2.85 1.97

Kiribati ............................................... 5.10 4.55 3.88 3.79 3.58 3.23 2.74 2.05

Kuwait ................................................ 5.90 2.40 2.55 2.15 2.04 1.92 1.86 1.86

Kyrgyzstan .......................................... 4.05 3.61 2.78 3.12 2.93 2.64 2.28 1.91

Lao People's Dem. Republic ............... 6.15 5.88 3.50 3.10 2.77 2.34 1.89 1.79

Latvia .................................................. 1.87 1.63 1.49 1.48 1.55 1.65 1.77 1.85

Lebanon .............................................. 4.23 2.80 1.58 1.72 1.71 1.70 1.72 1.81

Lesotho ............................................... 5.69 4.70 3.37 3.26 3.01 2.64 2.21 1.85

Liberia ................................................ 6.93 6.27 5.23 4.83 4.47 3.86 3.02 2.09

Libya ................................................... 7.67 4.22 2.66 2.53 2.32 2.01 1.77 1.81

Lithuania ............................................. 2.10 1.82 1.42 1.57 1.63 1.72 1.81 1.87

Luxembourg ....................................... 1.49 1.66 1.62 1.57 1.61 1.68 1.75 1.82

Madagascar ......................................... 7.00 6.14 4.83 4.50 4.21 3.71 3.03 2.14

Malawi ................................................ 7.60 6.70 5.80 5.25 4.88 4.23 3.32 2.23

Malaysia ............................................. 3.93 3.42 2.07 1.97 1.90 1.79 1.72 1.79

Maldives ............................................. 6.85 5.16 2.26 2.18 1.98 1.72 1.67 1.80

Mali .................................................... 7.15 7.15 6.70 6.35 5.92 5.03 3.57 2.13

Malta ................................................... 2.12 1.99 1.39 1.43 1.49 1.57 1.69 1.81

Martinique .......................................... 2.65 1.96 2.04 1.95 1.88 1.81 1.80 1.84

Mauritania .......................................... 6.57 5.85 4.97 4.69 4.39 3.86 3.10 2.18

Mauritius ............................................ 3.11 2.25 1.70 1.50 1.44 1.47 1.61 1.79

Mayotte ............................................... 7.91 5.25 4.60 4.10 3.73 3.18 2.48 1.83

Mexico ................................................ 5.40 3.25 2.43 2.29 2.14 1.90 1.72 1.79

Micronesia (Fed. States of) ................. 6.40 4.79 3.62 3.33 3.08 2.70 2.24 1.83

Mongolia ............................................ 6.65 3.27 2.37 2.68 2.54 2.33 2.10 1.93

Montenegro ........................................ 2.31 2.05 1.82 1.71 1.65 1.63 1.69 1.80

Morocco .............................................. 5.90 3.70 2.49 2.56 2.38 2.13 1.88 1.82

Mozambique ....................................... 6.53 6.12 5.65 5.45 5.12 4.47 3.39 2.19

Myanmar ............................................ 5.21 3.20 2.55 2.25 2.13 1.95 1.79 1.80

Namibia .............................................. 6.60 4.91 3.60 3.60 3.31 2.88 2.34 1.85

Nepal .................................................. 5.80 4.97 2.96 2.32 2.09 1.85 1.69 1.78

Netherlands ......................................... 1.60 1.58 1.75 1.75 1.77 1.80 1.83 1.86

New Caledonia ................................... 3.91 2.94 2.24 2.13 2.04 1.91 1.81 1.83

New Zealand ....................................... 2.18 2.07 2.14 2.05 1.99 1.90 1.82 1.82

Nicaragua ............................................ 6.35 4.20 2.56 2.32 2.16 1.93 1.74 1.79

Niger ................................................... 7.63 7.74 7.68 7.63 7.46 6.68 4.87 2.49

Nigeria ................................................ 6.76 6.37 5.91 5.74 5.41 4.74 3.59 2.27

Norway ............................................... 1.81 1.89 1.92 1.80 1.81 1.83 1.85 1.87

Oman .................................................. 8.10 6.27 2.90 2.88 2.51 2.06 1.69 1.79

Pakistan .............................................. 6.60 5.67 3.98 3.72 3.38 2.88 2.31 1.83

Panama ............................................... 4.19 2.92 2.54 2.48 2.36 2.16 1.92 1.83

Papua New Guinea ............................. 5.87 4.70 4.13 3.84 3.58 3.17 2.63 1.98

Paraguay ............................................. 5.20 4.31 2.89 2.60 2.45 2.22 1.94 1.79

Peru ..................................................... 5.40 3.57 2.60 2.50 2.35 2.12 1.84 1.79

Philippines .......................................... 5.46 4.14 3.27 3.04 2.87 2.59 2.20 1.83

Poland ................................................. 2.23 1.95 1.37 1.37 1.33 1.38 1.56 1.78

Portugal .............................................. 2.55 1.48 1.37 1.28 1.24 1.31 1.52 1.76



Country or area


1975-1980 1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Puerto Rico ......................................... 2.76 2.18 1.70 1.64 1.59 1.57 1.65 1.79

Qatar ................................................... 6.11 3.74 2.23 2.08 1.95 1.76 1.65 1.78

Republic of Korea ............................... 2.92 1.70 1.23 1.26 1.33 1.45 1.60 1.76

Republic of Moldova .......................... 2.44 2.11 1.27 1.27 1.23 1.31 1.52 1.77

Réunion .............................................. 3.12 2.41 2.40 2.24 2.12 1.95 1.84 1.84

Romania.............................................. 2.55 1.51 1.45 1.48 1.53 1.62 1.72 1.82

Russian Federation ............................. 1.94 1.55 1.44 1.66 1.72 1.79 1.87 1.91

Rwanda ............................................... 8.43 6.55 4.85 4.05 3.62 2.98 2.21 1.73

Saint Lucia .......................................... 5.20 3.15 2.04 1.92 1.82 1.69 1.66 1.79

St. Vincent and the Grenadines ........... 4.42 2.85 2.13 2.01 1.90 1.75 1.69 1.80

Samoa ................................................. 6.49 4.92 4.47 4.16 3.90 3.46 2.86 2.04

Sao Tome and Principe ....................... 6.50 5.68 4.90 4.67 4.36 3.81 3.04 2.14

Saudi Arabia ....................................... 7.28 5.55 3.15 2.85 2.59 2.23 1.84 1.78

Senegal ............................................... 7.45 6.35 5.15 5.18 4.83 4.22 3.36 2.28

Serbia .................................................. 2.37 1.96 1.56 1.56 1.59 1.65 1.73 1.82

Seychelles ........................................... 4.27 2.57 2.30 2.33 2.21 2.03 1.86 1.85

Sierra Leone........................................ 6.25 6.62 5.51 4.79 4.28 3.44 2.53 1.86

Singapore ............................................ 1.84 1.73 1.26 1.23 1.26 1.31 1.38 1.49

Slovakia .............................................. 2.46 1.87 1.31 1.37 1.44 1.55 1.68 1.80

Slovenia .............................................. 2.16 1.33 1.38 1.58 1.65 1.74 1.83 1.89

Solomon Islands ................................. 7.04 5.53 4.40 4.06 3.76 3.29 2.68 1.94

Somalia ............................................... 7.00 7.53 7.10 6.61 6.12 5.22 3.79 2.28

South Africa ....................................... 5.00 3.34 2.55 2.40 2.28 2.09 1.87 1.80

South Sudan ........................................ 6.92 6.65 5.60 5.15 4.73 4.00 3.01 2.04

Spain ................................................... 2.55 1.28 1.39 1.32 1.38 1.48 1.61 1.75

Sri Lanka ............................................ 3.61 2.38 2.28 2.11 2.03 1.90 1.80 1.82

State of Palestine ................................ 7.50 6.61 4.60 4.28 3.95 3.40 2.71 1.95

Sudan .................................................. 6.92 6.00 4.83 4.46 4.13 3.57 2.85 2.03

Suriname ............................................. 4.20 3.16 2.54 2.40 2.28 2.08 1.86 1.81

Swaziland ........................................... 6.73 5.30 3.75 3.36 3.06 2.63 2.13 1.80

Sweden ............................................... 1.66 2.01 1.89 1.92 1.93 1.93 1.94 1.94

Switzerland ......................................... 1.54 1.54 1.47 1.52 1.57 1.65 1.75 1.83

Syrian Arab Republic ......................... 7.32 4.80 3.19 3.03 2.77 2.39 1.94 1.77

Tajikistan ............................................ 5.90 4.88 3.48 3.55 3.32 2.95 2.46 1.91

TFYR Macedonia ............................... 2.54 2.12 1.46 1.51 1.55 1.62 1.71 1.81

Thailand .............................................. 3.92 1.99 1.56 1.53 1.46 1.43 1.58 1.78

Timor-Leste ........................................ 4.31 5.69 6.53 5.91 5.33 4.30 2.99 1.94

Togo ................................................... 7.28 6.02 5.04 4.69 4.35 3.77 3.00 2.07

Tonga .................................................. 5.50 4.62 4.03 3.79 3.58 3.22 2.72 2.01

Trinidad and Tobago .......................... 3.24 2.18 1.80 1.80 1.73 1.68 1.70 1.81

Tunisia ................................................ 5.65 2.98 2.02 2.16 2.07 1.93 1.83 1.84

Turkey ................................................ 4.65 2.87 2.18 2.10 2.01 1.86 1.75 1.80

Turkmenistan ...................................... 5.32 4.03 2.50 2.34 2.22 2.02 1.81 1.79

Uganda................................................ 7.10 7.06 6.38 5.91 5.46 4.62 3.37 2.12

Ukraine ............................................... 1.98 1.62 1.38 1.49 1.56 1.65 1.76 1.84

United Arab Emirates ......................... 5.66 3.88 1.97 1.82 1.73 1.62 1.63 1.79

United Kingdom ................................. 1.73 1.78 1.88 1.92 1.91 1.90 1.89 1.89

United Republic of Tanzania .............. 6.73 6.05 5.58 5.24 4.92 4.33 3.42 2.32



Country or area


1975-1980 1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

United States of America .................... 1.77 2.03 2.06 1.89 1.90 1.91 1.92 1.93

United States Virgin Islands ............... 3.49 2.79 2.44 2.30 2.18 2.01 1.86 1.84

Uruguay .............................................. 2.89 2.49 2.12 2.04 1.98 1.90 1.83 1.83

Uzbekistan .......................................... 5.20 3.77 2.48 2.48 2.33 2.11 1.89 1.83

Vanuatu .............................................. 5.75 4.83 3.63 3.41 3.22 2.90 2.45 1.90

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) ... 4.47 3.25 2.55 2.40 2.28 2.08 1.85 1.80

Viet Nam ............................................ 5.50 3.23 1.93 1.96 1.95 1.93 1.92 1.91

Western Sahara ................................... 6.23 3.96 2.44 2.20 2.06 1.85 1.68 1.78

Yemen ................................................ 8.50 8.20 5.10 4.35 3.79 3.02 2.16 1.69

Zambia ................................................ 7.38 6.35 5.90 5.45 5.14 4.59 3.73 2.58

Zimbabwe ........................................... 7.30 4.77 4.02 4.02 3.65 3.10 2.43 1.85

Other non-specified areas ................... 2.64 1.79 1.26 1.07 1.03 1.15 1.45 1.75



TABLE S.10. TEN COUNTRIES WITH THE HIGHEST AND THE LOWEST TOTAL FERTILITY, 1975-1980, 2010-2015, 2025-2030 AND 2045-2050

1975-1980 2010-2015 2025-2030 2045-2050


Total fertility (average

number of children per

woman) Rank Country or area









woman)

A. Highest fertility

1. Yemen 8.50 1. Niger 7.63 1. Niger 6.68 1. Niger 4.87

2. Rwanda 8.43 2. Somalia 6.61 2. Somalia 5.22 2. Somalia 3.79

3. Oman 8.10 3. Mali 6.35 3. Mali 5.03 3. Zambia 3.73

4. Mayotte 7.91 4. Chad 6.31 4. Angola 4.98 4. Burundi 3.69

5. Côte d'Ivoire 7.81 5. Angola 6.20 5. Burundi 4.89 5. Angola 3.64

6. Libya 7.67 6. Dem. Republic of the Congo 6.15 6. Gambia 4.87 6. Nigeria 3.59

7. Kenya 7.64 7. Burundi 6.08 7. Chad 4.85 7. Mali 3.57

8. Niger 7.63 8. Uganda 5.91 8. Dem. Republic of the Congo 4.77 8. Gambia 3.48

9. Malawi 7.60 9. Timor-Leste 5.91 9. Nigeria 4.74 9. Chad 3.46

10. State of Palestine 7.50 10. Gambia 5.78 10. Uganda 4.62 10. Dem. Republic of the Congo 3.43

B. Lowest fertility

1. China, Macao SAR

1.41

1. Other non-specified areas 1.07

1. Other non-specified areas 1.15

1. Singapore 1.38

2. Luxembourg 1.49 2. China, Macao SAR 1.19 2. Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.29 2. Other non-specified areas 1.45

3. Germany 1.51 3. China, Hong Kong SAR 1.20 3. Republic of Moldova 1.31 3. Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.51

4. Channel Islands 1.52 4. Singapore 1.23 4. Singapore 1.31 4. Portugal 1.52

5. Switzerland 1.54 5. Republic of Korea 1.26 5. Portugal 1.31 5. Republic of Moldova 1.52

6. Netherlands 1.60 6. Republic of Moldova 1.27 6. Greece 1.37 6. Greece 1.56

7. Austria 1.65 7. Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.28 7. Poland 1.38 7. Poland 1.56

8. Finland 1.66 8. Portugal 1.28 8. Thailand 1.43 8. Thailand 1.58

9. Sweden 1.66 9. Spain 1.32 9. China, Hong Kong SAR 1.44 9. Bhutan 1.59

10. Denmark 1.68 10. Hungary 1.34 10. Republic of Korea 1.45 10. Cyprus 1.60

WORLD 3.87 WORLD 2.51 WORLD 2.38 WORLD 2.25



TABLE S.11. TEN COUNTRIES WITH THE HIGHEST AND THE LOWEST LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH, 2010-2015, 2025-2030 AND 2045-2050

2010-2015 2025-2030 2045-2050

Country or area Life expectancy

(years) Country or area Life expectancy

(years) Country or area Life expectancy

(years)

A. Highest life expectancy at birth

1. China, Hong Kong SAR 83.7 1. China, Hong Kong SAR 86.0 1. China, Hong Kong SAR 88.7

2. Japan 83.3 2. Japan 85.5 2. Singapore 88.3

3. Italy 82.8 3. Singapore 85.4 3. Martinique 88.1

4. Switzerland 82.7 4. Italy 85.3 4. Japan 88.1

5. Singapore 82.6 5. Switzerland 85.0 5. Italy 88.0

6. Iceland 82.3 6. Chile 84.8 6. Chile 87.8

7. Spain 82.3 7. Israel 84.7 7. Republic of Korea 87.7

8. Australia 82.1 8. Spain 84.7 8. Switzerland 87.6

9. Israel 82.1 9. Iceland 84.7 9. Israel 87.5

10. Sweden 81.9 10. Republic of Korea 84.7 10. Guadeloupe 87.4

B. Lowest life expectancy at birth

1. Swaziland 49.2 1. Swaziland 52.7 1. Chad 61.6

2. Lesotho 49.5 2. Lesotho 54.7 2. Sierra Leone 62.1

3. Central African Republic 49.5 3. Chad 55.5 3. Swaziland 62.3

4. Sierra Leone 50.2 4. Sierra Leone 55.8 4. Nigeria 62.3

5. Côte d'Ivoire 51.0 5. Nigeria 56.7 5. Guinea-Bissau 63.6

6. Chad 51.1 6. Côte d'Ivoire 56.9 6. Angola 64.7

7. Angola 51.7 7. Angola 57.5 7. Lesotho 65.0

8. Nigeria 52.3 8. Central African Republic 58.6 8. Côte d'Ivoire 65.1

9. Mozambique 54.6 9. Guinea-Bissau 58.8 9. Somalia 65.4

10. Guinea-Bissau 54.7 10. Somalia 59.8 10. Benin 65.6

WORLD 68.7 WORLD 75.9 WORLD 81.8



TABLE S.12. LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH, BOTH SEXES COMBINED, BY COUNTRY FOR SELECTED PERIODS

Country or area

Life expectancy at birth (years)

1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

World ................................................ 64.5 68.8 70.5 71.7 73.7 77.1 83.2

Afghanistan ........................................ 51.8 58.0 59.8 61.5 64.3 68.2 74.9

Albania ............................................... 71.7 76.3 77.5 78.4 80.3 83.7 89.5

Algeria ............................................... 67.2 73.1 74.4 75.6 77.7 81.4 87.9

Angola ............................................... 41.4 49.6 51.7 53.7 57.5 64.7 75.4

Antigua and Barbuda ......................... 71.9 75.0 75.8 76.7 78.3 81.6 88.1

Argentina ........................................... 72.1 75.2 76.0 76.9 78.7 82.2 88.5

Armenia ............................................. 68.1 74.0 74.4 75.4 76.8 79.7 85.8

Aruba ................................................. 73.6 74.7 75.4 76.0 77.3 80.0 85.9

Australia ............................................. 77.6 81.4 82.1 83.0 84.6 87.2 93.1

Austria ............................................... 76.0 80.1 81.1 82.1 83.9 86.6 92.5

Azerbaijan .......................................... 63.8 70.1 70.6 71.1 72.2 74.5 80.9

Bahamas ............................................. 71.1 74.3 75.1 76.0 77.6 80.8 87.5

Bahrain ............................................... 72.9 75.7 76.4 77.1 78.4 81.2 87.0

Bangladesh ......................................... 60.0 69.0 71.0 72.9 75.5 78.7 84.9

Barbados ............................................ 71.9 74.6 75.4 76.2 77.8 81.0 87.5

Belarus ............................................... 69.5 69.3 71.1 71.7 72.8 75.1 81.3

Belgium ............................................. 76.3 79.5 80.5 81.4 83.2 86.0 91.7

Belize ................................................. 70.6 69.6 69.8 70.5 71.7 74.3 81.2

Benin .................................................. 54.8 58.2 59.2 60.3 62.3 65.6 72.6

Bhutan ................................................ 54.5 66.7 68.9 70.7 73.4 77.2 84.5

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) .......... 56.5 64.9 67.7 69.6 72.6 76.8 84.4

Bosnia and Herzegovina .................... 70.1 75.5 76.3 77.0 78.6 81.7 87.8

Botswana ........................................... 61.0 61.1 64.1 64.6 67.5 71.5 78.7

Brazil ................................................. 66.3 72.6 74.1 75.4 77.9 82.2 88.6

Brunei Darussalam ............................. 73.5 76.7 78.4 79.5 81.4 85.0 91.2

Bulgaria ............................................. 71.1 73.0 74.0 74.5 75.6 77.8 83.9

Burkina Faso ...................................... 49.3 55.8 58.1 59.8 63.0 67.7 75.5

Burundi .............................................. 47.3 53.7 56.1 58.1 61.6 68.2 76.7

Cabo Verde ........................................ 66.7 72.5 73.0 74.2 76.4 79.9 87.2

Cambodia ........................................... 54.3 65.1 67.6 69.9 73.8 78.8 86.3

Cameroon ........................................... 53.6 52.7 54.9 57.0 61.4 68.6 77.2

Canada ............................................... 77.7 80.7 81.8 82.6 84.2 86.8 92.2

Central African Republic ................... 48.1 46.1 49.5 53.3 58.6 68.3 78.4

Chad ................................................... 47.1 48.7 51.1 52.5 55.5 61.6 75.9

Channel Islands .................................. 76.1 79.6 80.4 81.2 82.7 85.5 91.1

Chile................................................... 73.8 79.6 81.2 82.7 84.7 87.8 93.5

China .................................................. 69.4 74.4 75.4 76.5 78.6 82.5 89.9

China, Hong Kong SAR .................... 78.2 82.4 83.7 84.5 86.0 88.7 93.9

China, Macao SAR ............................ 76.0 79.2 80.3 81.3 83.4 86.5 92.4

Colombia ........................................... 68.7 72.9 73.7 74.7 76.6 80.2 87.2

Comoros ............................................. 57.8 60.9 62.8 64.2 66.6 70.4 78.8

Congo ................................................. 53.8 56.5 61.4 63.9 67.8 72.8 79.0

Costa Rica .......................................... 76.1 78.4 79.2 80.1 81.9 84.9 90.1

Côte d'Ivoire....................................... 51.4 49.2 51.0 52.8 56.9 65.1 77.7

Croatia ............................................... 72.8 76.1 77.0 77.9 79.7 83.0 88.8

Cuba ................................................... 74.8 78.7 79.2 80.0 81.8 84.9 90.4



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Curaçao .............................................. 74.5 76.1 77.8 78.6 80.3 83.6 89.1

Cyprus ................................................ 76.9 79.0 79.9 80.8 82.4 85.3 90.9

Czech Republic .................................. 72.3 76.9 78.3 79.1 80.6 83.6 89.2

Dem. People's Rep. of Korea ............. 70.0 68.4 69.9 71.1 73.3 77.1 85.1

Dem. Republic of the Congo .............. 49.6 55.5 58.1 59.9 63.4 69.2 77.7

Denmark ............................................ 75.2 78.6 80.0 80.7 82.3 85.1 90.6

Djibouti .............................................. 57.0 59.1 61.6 62.7 64.7 68.2 75.9

Dominican Republic .......................... 69.0 72.2 73.2 74.1 75.8 78.9 85.6

Ecuador .............................................. 70.2 74.6 75.5 76.7 78.9 82.7 89.0

Egypt .................................................. 65.4 69.9 70.8 71.8 73.5 76.7 84.3

El Salvador ......................................... 66.1 71.1 72.6 73.9 76.0 79.8 86.4

Equatorial Guinea .............................. 49.2 54.6 57.1 58.6 62.2 69.6 80.4

Eritrea ................................................ 50.3 59.9 63.1 65.1 68.5 72.8 80.4

Estonia ............................................... 68.5 73.8 76.5 77.2 78.7 81.7 87.4

Ethiopia .............................................. 48.1 59.1 63.1 65.7 69.6 74.5 81.3

Fiji ...................................................... 66.1 68.8 69.7 70.6 72.2 75.3 83.1

Finland ............................................... 75.7 79.5 80.5 81.5 83.3 86.0 91.6

France ................................................ 77.2 80.8 81.8 82.8 84.4 87.0 92.7

French Guiana .................................... 72.8 78.0 79.0 80.3 82.8 86.1 92.5

French Polynesia ................................ 69.5 75.0 76.1 77.2 79.4 83.4 90.1

Gabon ................................................. 61.2 60.8 63.7 66.0 69.3 73.7 79.5

Gambia ............................................... 52.7 58.7 59.8 61.1 63.3 66.4 72.4

Georgia .............................................. 70.1 73.7 74.6 75.4 76.9 79.8 86.4

Germany ............................................ 75.9 79.8 80.6 81.5 83.3 86.1 92.0

Ghana ................................................. 57.8 60.0 61.0 62.0 63.8 66.8 73.5

Greece ................................................ 77.4 79.8 80.6 81.6 83.4 86.0 91.7

Grenada .............................................. 69.0 72.0 73.2 73.9 75.3 78.3 85.5

Guadeloupe ........................................ 74.6 79.4 80.5 81.9 84.0 87.4 93.7

Guam ................................................. 72.5 77.4 78.7 80.0 82.5 86.1 92.7

Guatemala .......................................... 63.6 70.3 71.5 72.6 74.7 78.2 85.4

Guinea ................................................ 51.3 54.5 58.0 60.2 64.1 70.7 80.3

Guinea-Bissau .................................... 49.9 53.0 54.7 56.2 58.8 63.6 71.8

Guyana ............................................... 63.8 65.8 66.3 66.8 67.8 69.8 75.9

Haiti ................................................... 55.4 60.2 62.3 63.9 66.6 70.8 78.9

Honduras ............................................ 67.7 72.0 72.8 73.8 75.7 79.0 86.1

Hungary ............................................. 69.4 73.8 75.0 75.6 76.9 79.5 85.8

Iceland ............................................... 78.5 81.4 82.3 83.1 84.7 87.2 92.8

India ................................................... 59.2 65.5 67.5 69.1 71.7 75.9 84.6

Indonesia ............................................ 64.2 67.7 68.6 69.5 71.1 73.9 81.2

Iran (Islamic Republic of) .................. 66.9 72.7 75.1 75.9 77.3 79.8 85.4

Iraq ..................................................... 67.4 68.0 69.2 70.0 71.5 74.0 80.6

Ireland ................................................ 75.3 79.6 80.6 81.5 83.4 86.1 91.5

Israel .................................................. 77.1 80.8 82.1 83.0 84.7 87.5 93.6

Italy .................................................... 77.3 81.5 82.8 83.8 85.3 88.0 94.2

Jamaica .............................................. 72.0 74.2 75.4 76.1 77.5 80.3 86.6

Japan .................................................. 79.4 82.6 83.3 84.1 85.5 88.1 93.7

Jordan ................................................. 70.4 73.0 73.8 74.6 76.0 78.9 85.8

Kazakhstan ......................................... 65.5 65.7 69.1 69.7 70.9 73.4 80.2



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Kenya ................................................. 57.3 56.5 60.6 63.3 66.0 71.7 79.5

Kiribati ............................................... 61.6 65.1 65.7 66.8 68.5 71.4 78.6

Kuwait ............................................... 72.4 73.7 74.3 74.8 76.0 78.3 84.6

Kyrgyzstan ......................................... 66.3 66.7 70.3 70.9 72.1 74.5 81.0

Lao People's Dem. Republic .............. 54.8 63.2 65.5 67.6 71.4 76.6 84.8

Latvia ................................................. 67.7 71.5 73.9 74.5 75.6 78.0 84.2

Lebanon ............................................. 71.0 77.7 78.9 80.3 82.9 86.5 92.0

Lesotho .............................................. 60.0 45.6 49.5 50.4 54.7 65.0 76.3

Liberia ................................................ 47.7 58.1 60.3 62.0 65.2 69.6 76.2

Libya .................................................. 69.3 71.8 71.5 72.2 73.8 76.7 84.1

Lithuania ............................................ 69.7 71.3 73.1 73.7 75.1 77.7 83.8

Luxembourg ....................................... 75.8 79.5 81.3 82.3 84.1 87.0 93.0

Madagascar ........................................ 52.7 62.2 64.5 66.4 69.7 74.1 82.0

Malawi ............................................... 43.4 52.5 61.0 65.8 69.8 74.8 80.4

Malaysia ............................................. 71.3 73.8 74.5 75.3 77.0 80.1 86.9

Maldives ............................................ 63.6 75.7 76.4 77.6 79.5 82.7 87.8

Mali .................................................... 47.3 54.9 57.2 59.7 64.4 71.2 80.5

Malta .................................................. 76.5 79.5 80.3 81.2 82.9 85.8 91.5

Martinique .......................................... 75.7 80.1 81.2 82.6 84.6 88.1 94.2

Mauritania .......................................... 58.9 61.3 62.8 63.6 65.0 67.5 72.7

Mauritius ............................................ 70.3 72.8 74.1 75.0 76.6 79.9 86.8

Mayotte .............................................. 73.1 78.0 79.3 80.6 83.0 86.2 92.4

Mexico ............................................... 71.8 75.7 76.5 77.5 79.4 83.1 89.4

Micronesia (Fed. States of) ................ 66.5 68.3 68.9 69.6 70.9 73.4 80.8

Mongolia ............................................ 60.8 66.1 68.9 70.5 73.5 78.0 85.7

Montenegro ........................................ 74.7 74.2 76.0 76.6 77.7 80.2 86.2

Morocco ............................................. 66.0 71.5 73.6 74.9 77.0 80.5 86.9

Mozambique ...................................... 44.3 51.9 54.6 56.2 60.6 68.8 76.8

Myanmar ............................................ 59.6 64.3 65.6 66.5 68.0 70.6 77.0

Namibia ............................................. 61.2 60.1 64.3 65.3 67.5 71.9 79.4

Nepal .................................................. 56.4 66.8 69.0 70.9 73.7 78.0 85.6

Netherlands ........................................ 77.3 80.2 81.3 82.1 83.6 86.2 91.6

New Caledonia ................................... 71.5 75.2 76.2 77.3 79.4 83.2 89.5

New Zealand ...................................... 76.3 80.2 81.6 82.4 84.1 86.8 92.6

Nicaragua ........................................... 66.1 72.8 74.5 75.9 78.3 82.4 88.6

Niger .................................................. 45.5 55.6 60.7 62.8 66.4 70.9 77.3

Nigeria ............................................... 46.1 50.2 52.3 53.7 56.7 62.3 73.5

Norway .............................................. 77.1 80.6 81.3 82.1 83.7 86.2 91.7

Oman ................................................. 68.5 75.1 76.4 77.5 79.8 83.7 89.6

Pakistan .............................................. 60.8 64.4 65.9 66.8 68.4 71.3 79.0

Panama ............................................... 73.5 76.4 77.3 78.2 79.9 83.0 88.3

Papua New Guinea ............................. 56.5 61.5 62.3 63.2 64.9 67.9 75.0

Paraguay ............................................ 68.5 71.8 72.7 73.2 74.2 76.5 83.3

Peru .................................................... 66.8 73.1 74.2 75.5 77.9 82.1 89.0

Philippines ......................................... 65.7 67.5 68.0 68.7 70.1 72.7 79.8

Poland ................................................ 71.2 75.5 77.1 78.0 79.6 82.8 88.4

Portugal .............................................. 74.7 78.7 80.5 81.7 83.8 86.7 92.9

Puerto Rico ........................................ 73.8 77.9 79.2 80.2 82.0 84.7 90.0



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Qatar .................................................. 75.2 76.9 77.9 78.7 80.3 83.5 89.0

Republic of Korea .............................. 72.9 80.0 81.4 82.8 84.6 87.7 93.6

Republic of Moldova ......................... 67.3 68.3 71.3 71.8 72.7 74.7 80.4

Réunion .............................................. 73.6 78.2 79.5 80.8 83.0 86.2 92.4

Romania ............................................. 69.6 73.1 74.5 75.1 76.5 79.3 85.9

Russian Federation ............................. 66.6 67.1 69.8 70.4 71.6 73.9 80.3

Rwanda .............................................. 23.1 59.2 63.1 66.0 69.6 74.6 81.3

Saint Lucia ......................................... 71.3 74.0 74.8 75.6 77.0 80.0 86.5

St. Vincent and the Grenadines .......... 70.5 71.9 72.7 73.3 74.4 76.7 83.2

Samoa ................................................ 66.2 71.5 73.0 74.3 76.7 80.7 87.6

Sao Tome and Principe ...................... 62.2 65.5 66.2 66.9 68.2 70.4 76.0

Saudi Arabia ...................................... 70.0 73.3 74.1 74.8 76.1 78.7 85.3

Senegal ............................................... 57.6 62.2 65.8 67.8 71.1 75.9 84.9

Serbia ................................................. 71.7 73.3 74.6 75.4 76.8 79.6 86.1

Seychelles .......................................... 70.6 72.4 72.9 73.7 75.5 78.7 85.4

Sierra Leone ....................................... 36.0 45.9 50.2 52.1 55.8 62.1 70.2

Singapore ........................................... 77.0 81.2 82.6 83.7 85.4 88.3 94.1

Slovakia ............................................. 71.6 74.7 76.0 76.7 78.0 80.7 86.7

Slovenia ............................................. 73.7 78.6 80.1 81.0 82.8 85.5 91.3

Solomon Islands ................................. 58.3 66.4 67.5 68.7 70.6 73.8 81.4

Somalia .............................................. 45.0 53.2 54.9 56.5 59.8 65.4 74.1

South Africa ....................................... 62.3 52.2 57.1 57.7 60.9 68.2 77.6

South Sudan ....................................... 45.3 52.3 55.1 57.1 60.8 66.1 73.0

Spain .................................................. 77.4 81.2 82.3 83.2 84.7 87.3 93.0

Sri Lanka ............................................ 70.0 74.1 74.6 75.5 77.3 80.7 87.3

State of Palestine ................................ 68.9 71.8 72.6 73.5 75.1 78.1 85.2

Sudan ................................................. 56.0 60.9 63.1 64.2 66.4 70.0 77.1

Suriname ............................................ 67.6 69.6 70.9 71.6 72.9 75.6 82.8

Swaziland ........................................... 59.0 47.4 49.2 48.7 52.7 62.3 75.7

Sweden ............................................... 78.1 81.1 81.9 82.8 84.4 86.9 92.3

Switzerland ........................................ 77.9 81.8 82.7 83.6 85.0 87.6 93.4

Syrian Arab Republic ......................... 70.8 74.4 69.5 70.7 72.8 76.9 84.4

Tajikistan ........................................... 62.2 67.3 69.1 69.9 71.4 74.2 81.0

TFYR Macedonia .............................. 71.5 74.4 75.2 75.9 77.4 80.5 87.0

Thailand ............................................. 70.2 73.1 74.1 75.1 76.9 80.3 87.0

Timor-Leste ....................................... 50.5 66.4 67.7 69.3 71.7 75.3 83.0

Togo ................................................... 55.8 55.7 59.0 61.1 64.7 70.1 77.7

Tonga ................................................. 69.9 71.8 72.6 73.4 75.0 78.1 85.3

Trinidad and Tobago .......................... 68.2 69.3 70.2 70.7 71.8 74.0 80.5

Tunisia ............................................... 70.3 74.6 74.6 75.5 77.1 79.9 85.9

Turkey ................................................ 65.5 73.4 74.8 76.2 78.6 82.5 88.5

Turkmenistan ..................................... 62.7 64.7 65.4 66.1 67.4 69.8 76.1

Uganda ............................................... 44.1 54.3 57.2 61.0 63.9 69.1 77.0

Ukraine .............................................. 68.7 67.9 70.7 71.2 72.0 73.8 79.1

United Arab Emirates ........................ 72.2 75.9 76.7 77.5 79.2 82.7 88.8

United Kingdom ................................ 76.2 79.6 80.4 81.2 82.8 85.6 91.0

United Republic of Tanzania ............. 49.2 58.7 64.0 66.4 69.8 74.2 80.0

United States of America ................... 75.6 78.1 78.9 79.6 81.1 84.0 89.3



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

United States Virgin Islands .............. 75.5 78.9 80.0 81.2 83.4 86.4 92.0

Uruguay ............................................. 73.0 76.2 77.0 77.7 79.3 82.4 88.3

Uzbekistan ......................................... 66.2 67.6 68.2 68.8 69.9 71.9 77.7

Vanuatu .............................................. 64.2 70.0 71.5 72.7 74.7 78.4 86.0

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) ... 70.2 73.4 73.9 74.9 76.7 80.2 87.0

Viet Nam ............................................ 71.2 74.7 75.6 76.3 77.8 80.9 87.0

Western Sahara .................................. 58.7 66.0 67.6 69.3 72.1 76.4 85.1

Yemen ................................................ 58.6 62.0 63.5 64.5 66.3 69.2 76.0

Zambia ............................................... 42.8 53.5 58.8 62.3 66.0 71.8 78.5

Zimbabwe .......................................... 55.8 45.0 54.8 62.4 65.9 71.2 78.2

Other non-specified areas................... 74.4 78.2 79.3 80.3 82.2 85.2 91.1



TABLE S.13. INFANT MORTALITY RATE BY COUNTRY FOR SELECTED PERIODS

Country or area

Infant mortality rate (infant deaths per 1,000 live births)

1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

World................................................. 63.0 41.9 35.8 31.8 25.8 17.0 7.4

Afghanistan ........................................ 111.3 79.5 71.1 63.5 51.5 35.4 15.4

Albania ............................................... 30.7 16.1 14.4 12.7 9.7 6.0 2.4

Algeria ................................................ 47.7 34.2 30.3 25.4 17.2 9.1 4.0

Angola ................................................ 150.7 104.3 96.2 87.7 71.4 45.1 17.8

Antigua and Barbuda .......................... 18.3 10.0 9.1 7.7 6.0 3.7 1.7

Argentina ............................................ 24.4 14.6 13.7 11.7 8.8 5.6 2.6

Armenia .............................................. 44.1 21.0 13.2 11.6 9.0 6.5 3.4

Aruba .................................................. 18.8 16.0 14.8 13.7 11.6 8.5 4.8

Australia ............................................. 6.7 4.5 4.0 3.3 2.6 1.7 0.8

Austria ................................................ 7.1 3.8 3.1 2.5 1.9 1.3 0.7

Azerbaijan .......................................... 81.8 41.1 39.6 36.3 29.7 19.5 8.0

Bahamas ............................................. 15.6 10.0 9.1 7.8 6.1 4.4 2.4

Bahrain ............................................... 14.9 8.0 6.9 6.0 4.7 3.3 2.1

Bangladesh ......................................... 90.3 43.3 33.1 25.5 16.9 10.6 4.1

Barbados ............................................. 16.7 11.0 9.6 8.0 6.0 3.9 2.1

Belarus ............................................... 15.1 6.3 4.0 3.6 2.9 2.0 0.9

Belgium .............................................. 8.0 3.8 3.3 2.8 2.1 1.4 0.8

Belize ................................................. 29.7 17.0 14.3 12.4 9.9 6.6 3.1

Benin .................................................. 102.6 73.8 68.7 63.2 54.0 40.2 17.1

Bhutan ................................................ 75.6 39.5 30.5 24.4 16.9 9.7 3.3

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) ........... 84.9 51.0 42.9 35.0 24.1 13.4 6.1

Bosnia and Herzegovina ..................... 18.4 9.0 7.6 6.5 5.3 3.8 2.2

Botswana ............................................ 56.7 38.6 32.5 29.0 22.0 15.5 8.2

Brazil .................................................. 42.8 23.9 20.3 16.2 10.7 6.1 2.5


Bulgaria .............................................. 15.4 9.9 9.0 8.1 6.8 4.9 3.2

Burkina Faso ...................................... 104.0 78.2 66.5 58.5 44.9 27.1 9.7

Burundi ............................................... 120.6 86.3 77.9 70.9 59.1 37.1 16.3

Cabo Verde......................................... 42.4 21.5 20.1 17.2 13.0 8.4 3.6

Cambodia ........................................... 86.1 45.0 29.9 20.4 9.5 3.5 0.9

Cameroon ........................................... 89.9 82.5 73.5 65.3 51.8 32.9 15.2

Canada ................................................ 6.3 5.1 4.7 4.0 3.1 2.1 1.0

Central African Republic .................... 111.6 105.8 93.5 83.6 66.0 36.0 13.7

Chad ................................................... 119.2 106.0 95.8 86.8 70.2 47.2 9.6

Channel Islands .................................. 13.7 8.7 8.0 7.3 6.2 4.5 2.1

Chile ................................................... 19.6 7.7 7.2 5.7 4.2 2.7 1.1

China .................................................. 40.5 16.7 11.6 9.6 6.7 3.6 1.4

China, Hong Kong SAR ..................... 5.2 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4

China, Macao SAR ............................. 10.5 5.1 4.1 3.1 1.9 1.0 0.4

Colombia ............................................ 27.6 19.0 17.9 15.4 11.2 6.9 3.1

Comoros ............................................. 81.0 66.7 58.1 52.2 42.2 27.6 9.5

Congo ................................................. 79.7 64.3 50.6 43.6 34.5 23.3 12.9

Costa Rica .......................................... 14.6 10.0 9.3 8.1 6.1 3.9 1.9

Côte d'Ivoire ....................................... 103.3 84.6 73.4 62.9 47.1 25.3 5.0

Croatia ................................................ 10.2 5.7 3.9 3.3 2.7 2.0 1.2

Cuba ................................................... 9.9 5.7 5.5 4.8 3.7 2.4 0.9



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Curaçao .............................................. 14.8 13.0 10.3 9.1 7.0 4.3 2.1

Cyprus ................................................ 9.2 4.4 4.2 3.5 2.6 1.9 1.0

Czech Republic .................................. 9.4 3.1 2.5 2.1 1.7 1.2 0.8

Dem. People's Rep. of Korea .............. 42.1 27.3 22.0 19.4 14.9 8.4 2.0


Denmark ............................................. 6.5 3.8 3.5 3.5 2.9 2.2 1.2

Djibouti .............................................. 76.1 63.4 55.3 50.4 42.6 29.8 11.4

Dominican Republic ........................... 47.7 29.6 25.1 22.5 17.2 11.0 5.3

Ecuador .............................................. 43.1 23.4 21.1 18.7 13.6 8.1 2.7

Egypt .................................................. 59.6 23.5 18.9 15.6 11.6 7.4 5.7

El Salvador ......................................... 41.1 20.7 17.0 14.4 10.2 6.7 3.2

Equatorial Guinea ............................... 110.8 80.4 70.1 62.1 48.4 29.0 10.9

Eritrea ................................................. 89.9 53.9 46.5 36.9 23.4 11.6 5.2

Estonia ................................................ 16.3 4.7 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.1 1.4

Ethiopia .............................................. 114.2 59.9 50.0 42.6 31.7 20.1 10.4

Fiji ...................................................... 25.2 17.9 16.0 13.3 9.6 5.9 3.0

Finland ............................................... 5.1 2.8 2.3 1.9 1.5 1.1 0.7

France ................................................. 6.8 3.7 3.3 2.8 2.2 1.5 0.8

French Guiana .................................... 20.7 10.6 9.5 9.0 6.5 4.2 1.7


Gabon ................................................. 60.1 52.7 43.2 37.3 29.9 21.2 12.2

Gambia ............................................... 75.2 50.9 47.1 42.5 35.9 27.4 14.2

Georgia ............................................... 45.0 19.4 13.7 11.8 9.3 6.4 3.0

Germany ............................................. 6.2 3.7 3.1 2.6 2.0 1.3 0.7

Ghana ................................................. 72.5 55.4 51.1 46.8 40.3 30.0 13.1

Greece ................................................ 8.3 4.2 2.8 2.4 1.8 1.3 0.7

Grenada .............................................. 17.5 10.2 9.6 8.5 6.7 4.2 2.4

Guadeloupe ........................................ 13.7 7.0 5.8 4.7 3.5 2.2 0.9

Guam .................................................. 20.8 11.4 9.7 8.3 6.3 4.1 1.6

Guatemala .......................................... 54.8 30.1 22.6 18.7 13.8 8.3 4.0

Guinea ................................................ 128.3 81.0 59.2 50.5 35.8 14.2 4.4

Guinea-Bissau .................................... 121.6 101.9 91.9 82.3 68.6 47.4 19.2

Guyana ............................................... 44.9 34.4 33.2 31.0 27.4 20.4 9.3

Haiti .................................................... 85.8 52.2 47.0 41.5 32.9 19.1 7.9

Honduras ............................................ 43.0 29.4 27.8 24.3 18.6 12.1 5.3

Hungary .............................................. 13.2 5.6 4.6 4.2 3.8 3.7 2.1

Iceland ................................................ 4.8 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.1 0.7

India ................................................... 81.9 50.1 41.4 33.9 23.1 11.5 4.4

Indonesia ............................................ 56.2 29.7 25.0 22.4 18.3 12.1 2.7


Iraq ..................................................... 36.6 33.3 32.1 27.9 21.2 13.6 6.0

Ireland ................................................ 6.8 3.7 2.9 2.4 1.9 1.4 1.0

Israel ................................................... 8.4 3.9 3.5 2.9 2.2 1.5 0.7

Italy .................................................... 7.6 3.5 2.3 1.9 1.6 1.2 0.7

Jamaica ............................................... 22.6 17.9 15.0 13.4 10.7 7.4 3.6

Japan .................................................. 4.4 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.4 0.9 0.4

Jordan ................................................. 29.1 19.7 17.1 14.8 11.0 6.8 2.7

Kazakhstan ......................................... 51.1 27.0 14.1 12.5 10.1 7.0 4.2



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Kenya ................................................. 71.7 59.3 52.5 48.1 38.9 23.8 12.1

Kiribati ............................................... 64.3 49.4 46.7 42.5 35.6 25.7 10.1

Kuwait ................................................ 12.7 9.7 8.6 7.6 6.0 4.1 2.0

Kyrgyzstan ......................................... 59.9 36.4 19.6 17.3 13.6 9.0 4.8


Latvia ................................................. 17.6 7.8 6.5 5.6 4.9 4.0 2.7

Lebanon .............................................. 25.1 10.6 9.3 8.0 6.0 3.9 1.8

Lesotho ............................................... 69.4 75.7 60.1 50.1 36.7 21.9 9.9

Liberia ................................................ 154.6 71.8 61.2 52.4 38.5 20.8 8.8

Libya .................................................. 32.9 24.3 24.3 20.8 16.2 9.9 6.3

Lithuania ............................................ 16.5 6.0 3.8 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.1

Luxembourg ....................................... 7.3 2.3 1.6 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.5

Madagascar ........................................ 100.1 45.5 36.8 29.9 19.2 9.4 4.1

Malawi ............................................... 139.2 79.6 60.1 51.8 43.0 33.1 19.6

Malaysia ............................................. 11.9 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.5 6.1 2.3

Maldives ............................................. 60.5 14.8 9.0 7.1 5.1 3.4 2.2

Mali .................................................... 128.1 89.4 84.0 70.0 46.5 18.0 5.3

Malta .................................................. 9.8 5.8 4.8 4.0 3.1 2.0 1.1

Martinique .......................................... 13.7 7.6 6.4 5.0 3.7 2.2 0.8

Mauritania .......................................... 79.7 72.7 67.3 62.5 54.1 40.5 19.9

Mauritius ............................................ 18.5 13.2 12.0 10.2 7.6 4.9 2.3

Mayotte .............................................. 13.9 5.6 4.2 3.4 2.5 1.7 0.8

Mexico ............................................... 33.1 19.9 18.8 16.3 12.3 7.5 3.1

Micronesia (Fed. States of)................. 42.3 34.9 32.7 30.2 25.7 18.7 7.6

Mongolia ............................................ 67.6 30.5 25.8 19.2 10.5 3.5 2.3

Montenegro ........................................ 17.9 10.9 4.4 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.3

Morocco ............................................. 53.0 31.8 26.3 20.8 13.7 7.8 4.9

Mozambique ....................................... 135.4 73.8 64.4 56.8 44.9 29.0 14.3

Myanmar ............................................ 72.8 52.3 46.5 42.9 36.8 27.3 12.0

Namibia .............................................. 60.4 43.2 33.5 29.1 22.2 15.5 8.2

Nepal .................................................. 87.6 41.3 32.4 25.9 17.8 11.2 5.6

Netherlands ........................................ 6.2 4.1 3.5 3.1 2.4 1.5 0.5

New Caledonia ................................... 24.3 15.1 13.1 11.4 8.9 5.9 2.6

New Zealand ...................................... 7.5 5.0 4.3 3.8 3.0 2.1 1.0

Nicaragua ........................................... 48.0 24.0 20.0 16.4 11.4 7.0 3.3

Niger .................................................. 129.7 63.7 59.8 50.1 34.5 18.0 8.3

Nigeria ................................................ 126.0 89.9 76.3 67.7 55.0 36.7 10.2

Norway ............................................... 5.9 3.0 2.5 2.1 1.7 1.2 0.7

Oman .................................................. 30.9 9.8 7.3 5.9 4.6 3.2 1.8

Pakistan .............................................. 101.7 76.9 69.8 63.5 50.9 31.9 9.2

Panama ............................................... 26.3 16.8 15.2 13.7 10.9 7.1 3.6

Papua New Guinea ............................. 66.7 50.1 47.6 44.8 39.8 31.3 15.8

Paraguay ............................................. 42.9 32.0 28.8 27.6 23.6 16.2 6.3

Peru .................................................... 55.5 21.0 18.6 15.1 10.7 6.1 2.6

Philippines .......................................... 36.0 25.9 23.2 21.3 18.1 12.7 3.2

Poland................................................. 16.4 6.1 4.6 4.0 3.4 2.5 1.5

Portugal .............................................. 9.5 3.4 3.3 2.6 1.9 1.3 0.6

Puerto Rico ......................................... 11.6 7.0 6.3 5.4 4.4 3.1 1.5



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Qatar ................................................... 14.7 7.5 6.5 5.6 4.6 3.3 1.9


Republic of Moldova .......................... 29.0 15.5 10.9 9.9 8.5 6.4 4.3

Réunion .............................................. 13.9 5.6 4.2 3.4 2.5 1.7 0.8

Romania ............................................. 23.0 12.0 9.6 8.4 6.5 4.3 2.2


Rwanda ............................................... 288.7 58.8 49.2 42.6 31.6 20.1 10.4

Saint Lucia ......................................... 17.3 11.9 10.9 9.6 7.5 5.7 3.2


Samoa ................................................. 36.1 22.4 19.7 17.6 14.6 10.8 5.6

Sao Tome and Principe ....................... 57.5 46.1 43.5 41.2 37.1 30.3 17.5

Saudi Arabia ....................................... 30.4 16.2 15.3 13.2 9.9 6.5 3.6

Senegal ............................................... 71.6 54.1 44.3 33.5 19.0 8.3 2.8

Serbia ................................................. 17.2 12.4 9.8 8.4 6.6 5.4 4.8

Seychelles ........................................... 11.5 10.2 10.2 8.1 6.3 4.1 2.5

Sierra Leone ....................................... 160.6 117.0 94.4 81.3 61.7 39.1 17.8

Singapore ........................................... 4.6 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.1 0.7 0.4

Slovakia .............................................. 11.6 6.3 4.9 4.4 4.1 3.7 3.6

Slovenia .............................................. 7.3 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.2 1.6 0.8

Solomon Islands ................................. 77.9 42.9 38.0 33.6 26.6 17.9 7.2

Somalia ............................................... 129.6 89.8 79.5 69.9 58.5 39.7 17.4

South Africa ....................................... 48.3 51.9 38.3 33.5 27.1 18.8 10.2

South Sudan ....................................... 130.0 89.1 77.7 67.9 54.3 36.4 19.8

Spain .................................................. 6.5 3.6 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.4 0.7

Sri Lanka ............................................ 20.0 10.1 8.2 6.9 5.2 3.5 1.8


Sudan .................................................. 80.0 59.7 53.3 48.4 40.0 26.0 11.7

Suriname ............................................ 34.6 22.2 17.4 15.3 12.1 7.9 4.2

Swaziland ........................................... 69.3 75.9 64.6 57.9 45.4 26.5 10.6

Sweden ............................................... 5.3 2.5 2.8 2.4 2.0 1.5 0.8

Switzerland ......................................... 6.1 4.2 3.7 3.1 2.4 1.6 0.7


Tajikistan ............................................ 88.2 45.1 39.9 35.7 28.3 18.5 8.3

TFYR Macedonia ............................... 26.5 11.9 10.1 8.5 6.3 4.3 2.4

Thailand ............................................. 26.1 13.4 11.2 9.5 7.2 4.6 2.3

Timor-Leste ........................................ 118.8 50.2 43.9 37.5 28.4 16.9 4.0

Togo ................................................... 83.5 64.3 50.2 42.0 30.7 14.7 6.0

Tonga ................................................. 26.4 22.0 20.4 18.9 16.1 11.7 5.6


Tunisia ................................................ 35.2 18.7 18.7 16.5 12.3 8.5 5.5

Turkey ................................................ 56.2 16.4 12.6 9.9 6.7 4.1 2.0

Turkmenistan ...................................... 75.5 50.5 46.7 43.4 37.5 27.5 10.0

Uganda ............................................... 109.9 69.5 61.2 55.9 47.6 30.9 14.9

Ukraine ............................................... 17.1 12.6 9.2 8.4 7.5 6.1 4.7

United Arab Emirates ......................... 16.5 6.9 6.2 5.2 4.0 2.5 1.3

United Kingdom ................................. 6.9 4.9 4.2 3.6 2.9 2.1 1.3

United Republic of Tanzania .............. 103.1 52.4 37.0 31.6 25.8 19.1 11.5




Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

United States Virgin Islands ............... 15.2 10.6 9.4 8.5 6.9 5.0 2.4

Uruguay .............................................. 20.1 13.4 12.7 11.0 8.8 6.1 3.1

Uzbekistan .......................................... 59.5 47.1 44.0 40.8 34.4 24.6 10.2

Vanuatu .............................................. 51.6 28.7 23.9 20.6 15.7 10.0 4.2


Viet Nam ............................................ 33.8 22.2 19.3 17.2 13.6 8.9 4.2

Western Sahara ................................... 75.9 44.1 37.2 30.7 21.8 12.5 4.7

Yemen ................................................ 84.0 61.3 53.6 48.6 40.4 26.7 9.4

Zambia ............................................... 115.0 69.5 55.4 46.5 35.6 23.9 13.1

Zimbabwe ........................................... 58.9 61.8 48.4 39.1 32.0 22.2 13.1

Other non-specified areas ................... 5.4 5.2 4.2 3.5 2.5 1.6 0.8



TABLE S.14. UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY BY COUNTRY FOR SELECTED PERIODS

Country or area

Under-five mortality (deaths under age five per 1,000 live births)

1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

World ................................................ 90.5 58.8 49.6 44.1 36.0 23.4 9.5

Afghanistan ........................................ 162.5 111.8 98.6 86.5 67.5 43.7 17.9

Albania ............................................... 37.1 17.6 15.7 13.8 10.7 6.7 2.7

Algeria ................................................ 60.2 41.3 36.0 30.3 20.5 10.8 4.8

Angola ................................................ 253.4 170.5 155.7 140.2 111.2 65.2 22.2

Antigua and Barbuda .......................... 22.6 12.5 11.4 9.6 7.5 4.6 2.1

Argentina ............................................ 28.2 17.1 16.0 13.7 10.4 6.7 3.1

Armenia .............................................. 52.7 23.7 16.2 14.3 11.2 8.0 4.1

Aruba .................................................. 22.0 18.7 17.2 16.0 13.7 10.2 5.8

Australia ............................................. 8.2 5.3 4.7 3.9 3.0 2.0 0.9

Austria ................................................ 8.6 4.6 3.8 3.1 2.3 1.5 0.8

Azerbaijan .......................................... 100.0 47.6 47.1 43.2 35.5 23.3 9.7

Bahamas ............................................. 23.2 14.9 13.3 11.5 9.0 6.3 3.4

Bahrain ............................................... 18.6 10.6 9.3 8.1 6.3 4.4 2.7

Bangladesh ......................................... 128.9 55.6 41.0 31.7 21.3 13.5 5.4

Barbados ............................................. 20.3 12.8 11.0 9.2 7.0 4.7 2.5

Belarus ............................................... 18.2 8.1 5.3 4.7 3.9 2.7 1.2

Belgium .............................................. 9.4 4.7 4.1 3.4 2.6 1.8 1.0

Belize ................................................. 36.5 19.9 16.6 14.4 11.5 7.7 3.6

Benin .................................................. 168.4 116.1 108.2 99.7 85.1 62.6 24.2

Bhutan ................................................ 124.8 50.1 37.3 30.0 20.9 12.1 4.2

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) ........... 138.2 85.2 72.2 59.4 40.2 21.3 8.6

Bosnia and Herzegovina ..................... 21.5 10.6 9.0 7.7 6.2 4.5 2.6

Botswana ............................................ 73.3 48.4 40.1 35.5 26.3 18.3 9.7

Brazil .................................................. 49.5 28.7 24.3 19.5 12.9 7.4 3.0


Bulgaria .............................................. 19.2 11.8 10.8 9.7 8.1 5.9 3.9

Burkina Faso ...................................... 203.9 126.5 108.4 95.5 73.3 43.4 13.9

Burundi............................................... 202.8 137.7 123.2 111.0 90.0 51.4 20.4

Cabo Verde ........................................ 53.6 25.4 23.6 20.0 15.1 9.8 4.2

Cambodia ........................................... 118.6 53.9 34.9 24.0 11.3 4.3 1.1

Cameroon ........................................... 144.0 130.6 115.5 101.1 77.3 44.8 19.1

Canada ................................................ 7.6 5.9 5.4 4.6 3.6 2.4 1.2

Central African Republic .................... 182.3 172.6 150.7 133.3 102.1 49.9 17.2

Chad ................................................... 198.8 173.4 155.0 141.4 116.0 77.5 13.9

Channel Islands .................................. 15.9 10.1 9.2 8.5 7.2 5.2 2.4

Chile ................................................... 25.2 12.6 11.9 9.6 6.9 4.1 1.5

China .................................................. 50.0 19.6 13.5 11.2 7.9 4.3 1.6

China, Hong Kong SAR ..................... 6.9 3.1 2.6 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.5

China, Macao SAR ............................. 14.1 6.9 5.5 4.2 2.6 1.4 0.5

Colombia ............................................ 38.0 26.8 25.2 21.8 15.7 9.5 4.0

Comoros ............................................. 113.8 91.4 77.9 68.6 53.3 33.2 11.0

Congo ................................................. 124.6 98.3 74.6 62.6 47.3 29.7 16.7

Costa Rica .......................................... 17.5 12.3 11.4 10.9 8.5 5.6 2.6

Côte d'Ivoire ....................................... 149.0 120.0 105.0 90.7 69.1 37.0 6.9

Croatia ................................................ 11.9 6.8 5.0 4.2 3.4 2.5 1.6



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Cuba ................................................... 14.0 7.1 6.9 6.0 4.7 3.1 1.2

Curaçao .............................................. 17.5 15.4 12.2 10.8 8.3 5.2 2.4

Cyprus ................................................ 10.9 5.2 5.0 4.2 3.1 2.2 1.2

Czech Republic .................................. 11.1 3.9 3.1 2.7 2.2 1.5 1.0

Dem. People's Rep. of Korea .............. 56.4 34.6 27.9 24.2 18.1 9.6 2.3


Denmark ............................................. 7.9 4.5 4.2 4.3 3.6 2.7 1.5

Djibouti .............................................. 120.0 97.5 83.4 76.1 64.3 44.4 15.9

Dominican Republic ........................... 54.7 32.8 28.1 25.3 19.4 12.6 6.2

Ecuador .............................................. 54.7 28.8 25.4 22.6 16.5 9.9 3.2

Egypt .................................................. 80.4 30.0 24.2 19.9 14.8 9.3 6.9

El Salvador ......................................... 53.0 24.1 19.7 16.7 11.9 7.9 3.8

Equatorial Guinea ............................... 184.1 126.5 109.0 95.3 71.3 38.4 13.8

Eritrea ................................................. 130.1 71.7 59.8 47.5 30.0 14.8 6.5

Estonia ................................................ 19.8 6.0 4.3 3.9 3.4 2.7 1.8

Ethiopia .............................................. 190.6 91.3 74.0 60.9 42.8 25.5 13.1

Fiji ...................................................... 34.5 22.5 19.9 16.6 12.1 7.5 3.9

Finland ............................................... 6.1 3.5 2.9 2.4 1.9 1.3 0.8

France ................................................. 8.2 4.5 4.0 3.3 2.7 1.8 0.9

French Guiana .................................... 24.4 12.3 11.0 10.5 7.8 5.1 2.0


Gabon ................................................. 90.9 77.4 61.9 51.8 39.7 26.8 15.4

Gambia ............................................... 155.7 89.6 82.9 75.1 62.8 46.3 21.1

Georgia ............................................... 49.0 22.4 16.4 14.2 11.2 7.8 3.7

Germany ............................................. 7.7 4.5 3.8 3.1 2.4 1.6 0.9

Ghana ................................................. 114.3 83.9 77.5 71.2 61.3 45.1 18.2

Greece ................................................ 9.3 4.9 3.5 2.9 2.3 1.6 0.9

Grenada .............................................. 23.6 13.9 13.1 11.6 9.1 5.7 3.1

Guadeloupe ........................................ 16.4 7.8 6.4 5.2 3.9 2.5 1.1

Guam .................................................. 24.5 13.2 11.2 9.6 7.4 4.8 1.9

Guatemala .......................................... 74.3 39.6 31.6 26.5 19.4 11.7 5.3

Guinea ................................................ 215.9 139.5 100.7 86.1 60.8 23.3 6.5

Guinea-Bissau .................................... 204.5 168.1 151.8 137.1 114.6 78.1 28.1

Guyana ............................................... 57.7 42.9 41.1 38.4 34.1 25.7 11.7

Haiti .................................................... 126.9 85.9 77.4 68.3 53.4 30.3 11.7

Honduras ............................................ 60.0 42.5 40.1 35.3 26.7 16.8 6.9

Hungary .............................................. 15.1 6.6 5.5 5.1 4.7 4.5 2.6

Iceland ................................................ 5.9 2.9 2.6 2.3 1.9 1.4 0.8

India ................................................... 115.6 65.7 52.6 43.4 29.3 14.6 5.5

Indonesia ............................................ 73.1 36.6 30.3 27.0 21.8 14.0 3.0


Iraq ..................................................... 48.2 38.8 37.5 32.6 25.0 16.1 7.2

Ireland ................................................ 8.1 4.5 3.6 3.0 2.3 1.7 1.2

Israel ................................................... 10.1 4.9 4.4 3.7 2.8 1.9 0.8

Italy .................................................... 8.9 4.1 2.7 2.3 1.9 1.4 0.8

Jamaica ............................................... 27.2 21.2 17.9 15.9 12.8 8.9 4.3

Japan .................................................. 6.1 3.5 3.0 2.6 2.0 1.3 0.5

Jordan ................................................. 34.2 22.8 19.8 17.2 12.9 8.0 3.2



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Kazakhstan ......................................... 60.6 32.8 17.5 15.4 12.5 8.7 5.2

Kenya ................................................. 108.5 89.5 78.0 70.3 54.3 30.3 15.2

Kiribati ............................................... 87.3 64.1 60.1 53.7 43.8 30.8 11.7

Kuwait ................................................ 16.5 12.5 11.2 9.8 7.8 5.3 2.5

Kyrgyzstan ......................................... 72.4 45.7 23.0 20.4 16.1 10.8 5.9


Latvia ................................................. 21.4 9.4 7.8 6.8 5.9 4.9 3.4

Lebanon .............................................. 30.0 12.3 10.8 9.3 7.0 4.5 2.1

Lesotho ............................................... 93.7 104.9 82.0 66.7 46.8 26.7 11.7

Liberia ................................................ 233.6 99.9 85.2 73.2 54.1 29.1 11.9

Libya .................................................. 39.2 28.7 28.8 24.7 19.3 11.8 7.5

Lithuania ............................................ 19.6 7.4 4.7 4.0 3.6 3.2 2.7

Luxembourg ....................................... 8.8 3.3 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.0 0.6

Madagascar ........................................ 152.3 67.4 54.5 44.3 27.9 13.4 5.5

Malawi ............................................... 215.0 105.6 76.8 63.8 51.2 38.8 22.8

Malaysia ............................................. 15.6 8.5 8.3 8.0 7.5 6.6 2.4

Maldives ............................................. 82.0 17.2 10.5 8.3 6.0 4.0 2.6

Mali .................................................... 246.3 153.3 122.5 102.4 68.5 26.5 7.5

Malta .................................................. 11.2 6.8 5.8 4.8 3.7 2.5 1.4

Martinique .......................................... 16.5 8.9 7.4 5.9 4.3 2.6 1.0

Mauritania .......................................... 122.5 104.4 90.1 83.8 72.9 54.8 26.3

Mauritius ............................................ 21.2 15.2 14.2 12.2 9.2 5.9 2.7

Mayotte .............................................. 16.9 6.6 4.8 3.9 2.9 1.9 1.0

Mexico ............................................... 40.4 24.6 23.2 20.2 15.3 9.3 3.7

Micronesia (Fed. States of) ................ 53.8 43.1 40.0 36.6 30.6 21.9 8.8

Mongolia ............................................ 91.4 37.0 32.0 23.1 12.0 3.8 2.5

Montenegro ........................................ 20.3 11.7 7.6 6.6 5.6 4.9 4.3

Morocco ............................................. 68.2 39.1 31.7 25.2 16.6 9.5 5.8

Mozambique ....................................... 228.7 116.1 99.5 86.0 64.9 38.4 18.0

Myanmar ............................................ 100.8 68.7 59.7 54.3 45.5 32.8 13.8

Namibia .............................................. 80.5 55.8 42.0 35.7 26.4 18.3 9.5

Nepal .................................................. 124.5 52.0 39.5 30.9 20.8 13.2 6.5

Netherlands ........................................ 7.6 4.9 4.1 3.7 2.8 1.8 0.6

New Caledonia ................................... 29.0 17.5 15.2 13.2 10.3 6.8 3.0

New Zealand ...................................... 9.3 6.2 5.3 4.6 3.7 2.6 1.2

Nicaragua ........................................... 61.9 28.7 23.5 19.3 13.5 8.3 3.9

Niger .................................................. 293.2 149.0 104.2 87.6 59.9 30.2 12.3

Nigeria ................................................ 213.3 142.2 122.2 109.4 89.6 59.4 14.7

Norway ............................................... 7.3 3.7 3.0 2.6 2.0 1.5 0.9

Oman .................................................. 40.2 11.8 8.9 7.2 5.6 4.0 2.3

Pakistan .............................................. 132.3 96.6 86.7 78.9 63.3 39.6 11.2

Panama ............................................... 33.2 21.9 19.7 18.2 14.5 9.5 4.6

Papua New Guinea ............................. 91.5 65.8 62.0 57.9 50.6 38.7 18.5

Paraguay ............................................. 54.7 38.5 34.7 33.5 28.6 19.6 7.7

Peru .................................................... 77.3 32.6 29.1 24.1 16.7 9.3 3.5

Philippines .......................................... 48.1 34.0 30.3 27.7 23.2 15.9 3.6

Poland ................................................ 18.4 7.0 5.4 4.8 4.0 3.0 1.8

Portugal .............................................. 12.3 4.3 3.9 3.1 2.3 1.5 0.7



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100

Puerto Rico ......................................... 13.7 9.1 7.2 6.3 5.2 3.7 1.8

Qatar ................................................... 18.5 9.2 7.9 6.9 5.6 4.0 2.3


Republic of Moldova .......................... 34.6 19.2 13.4 12.2 10.5 7.9 5.3

Réunion .............................................. 16.9 6.6 4.8 3.9 2.9 1.9 1.0

Romania ............................................. 28.7 14.2 12.7 11.1 8.7 5.8 2.9


Rwanda............................................... 466.4 89.7 72.7 61.0 42.5 25.4 13.1

Saint Lucia ......................................... 24.2 16.0 14.8 13.0 10.2 7.6 4.1


Samoa ................................................. 45.3 26.8 23.4 20.9 17.3 12.8 6.6

Sao Tome and Principe ....................... 87.4 67.1 62.6 58.5 51.3 40.1 22.3

Saudi Arabia ....................................... 38.7 18.0 16.8 14.5 11.0 7.2 4.1

Senegal ............................................... 137.9 82.1 53.6 40.6 23.3 10.4 3.7

Serbia ................................................. 20.2 14.7 11.6 10.0 7.9 6.5 5.8

Seychelles ........................................... 15.5 12.7 12.7 10.2 7.9 5.2 3.2

Sierra Leone ....................................... 272.8 180.1 134.2 116.6 90.1 57.5 24.9

Singapore ........................................... 5.8 2.8 2.3 1.8 1.4 0.9 0.5

Slovakia .............................................. 13.5 7.6 6.0 5.4 5.0 4.5 4.4

Slovenia .............................................. 8.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 2.5 1.8 1.0

Solomon Islands ................................. 109.2 54.3 47.4 41.2 31.9 20.9 8.3

Somalia............................................... 221.9 147.0 131.2 116.4 94.3 58.7 20.3

South Africa ....................................... 62.7 71.7 50.8 42.8 33.7 22.7 12.0

South Sudan ....................................... 219.5 142.2 122.3 107.3 84.3 52.5 23.2

Spain .................................................. 8.5 4.8 3.6 3.0 2.4 1.6 0.8

Sri Lanka ............................................ 25.6 11.7 9.6 8.1 6.1 4.1 2.1


Sudan .................................................. 129.7 93.3 81.5 74.0 59.4 36.0 13.5

Suriname ............................................ 44.8 29.5 23.2 20.5 16.2 10.6 5.4

Swaziland ........................................... 95.1 113.5 92.0 80.6 60.6 33.8 12.9

Sweden ............................................... 6.3 3.2 3.3 2.9 2.4 1.8 1.0

Switzerland ......................................... 7.5 4.9 4.2 3.5 2.7 1.8 0.8


Tajikistan ............................................ 114.5 58.5 51.3 46.0 36.5 23.7 10.4

TFYR Macedonia ............................... 29.5 12.5 10.7 9.0 6.7 4.6 2.7

Thailand ............................................. 31.3 15.6 13.1 11.1 8.4 5.4 2.7

Timor-Leste ........................................ 174.0 64.5 55.7 47.0 34.7 19.9 4.5

Togo ................................................... 142.0 99.8 85.9 72.2 52.3 24.3 8.8

Tonga ................................................. 32.0 26.3 24.3 22.4 18.9 13.6 6.5


Tunisia ................................................ 40.5 20.4 20.4 18.1 13.6 9.6 6.5

Turkey ................................................ 72.7 23.0 18.6 14.8 9.9 5.9 2.6

Turkmenistan ...................................... 95.7 64.3 59.5 55.4 47.7 34.8 12.5

Uganda ............................................... 175.0 106.3 93.5 84.2 69.8 41.4 18.8

Ukraine ............................................... 21.0 15.1 11.0 10.1 9.0 7.3 5.6

United Arab Emirates ......................... 19.3 8.1 7.2 6.1 4.6 2.9 1.6

United Kingdom ................................. 8.2 5.7 4.9 4.2 3.4 2.5 1.6

United Republic of Tanzania .............. 164.8 77.2 51.5 42.6 33.2 24.2 14.5



Country or area


1990-1995 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2025-2030 2045-2050 2095-2100


United States Virgin Islands ............... 17.9 12.3 10.9 9.8 8.0 5.8 2.8

Uruguay .............................................. 23.1 16.0 15.0 13.1 10.5 7.4 3.6

Uzbekistan .......................................... 71.6 57.1 53.3 49.5 41.8 30.0 12.4

Vanuatu .............................................. 67.6 34.6 28.4 24.2 18.2 11.6 5.0


Viet Nam ............................................ 46.0 28.1 24.3 21.7 17.2 11.4 5.4

Western Sahara ................................... 105.9 56.1 46.1 37.3 25.7 14.5 5.5

Yemen ................................................ 118.9 83.2 72.8 66.1 54.6 35.6 11.9

Zambia ............................................... 181.6 105.6 83.0 67.9 49.1 30.4 16.5

Zimbabwe ........................................... 81.0 91.4 71.8 55.3 43.2 28.3 16.9

Other non-specified areas ................... 8.3 6.5 5.3 4.3 3.1 1.9 1.0


Key Findings Wpp 2015

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Transcript of Key Findings Wpp 2015