Key Elements in Seismic Qualification of Equipment Using the Experience-Based Method
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Transcript of Key Elements in Seismic Qualification of Equipment Using the Experience-Based Method
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Key Elements inSeismic Qualification of EquipmentUsing the Experience-Based Method
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What is the Seismic Experience-Based Method?
• Methods applied to verify that as-installed equipment in operating plants is seismically adequate
• Approach has also been applied in new revisions national standards (IEEE 344-2004 and ASME QME)
• Range of cost savings realized by SQUG member utilities is up to $500,000/year with significantly shorter procurement times
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What is SQUG?
• Seismic Qualification Utility Group, formed to develop resolution of NRC Unresolved Safety Issue (USI) A-46
• Membership:- Originally there were 30 U.S. companies, but through
consolidation there are now 15 U.S. companies
- 12 International companies
• Charter: EPRI Owner's Group
• Leadership:- Utility Steering Group (6 members currently serving)
- EPRI project management
- Contractor support
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Members of SQUG – Past and Present
American Electric Power Co.AWE (United Kingdom)Baltimore Gas & Electric Co. *Boston Edison Co. *British Energy (United Kingdom)Bruce Power (Canada)Carolina Power & Light Co. *Central Nuclear De Almaraz (Spain) **Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique (CEA) (France)Commonwealth Edison Co. *Consolidated Edison Co. of New York, Inc. *Constellation EnergyConsumers Power Co. *Detroit Edison **DominionDuke Energy (formerly Duke Power Co.)Duquesne Light Co. *Electricité de France (France)ENEL ctn (NIRA) (Italy) **EntergyExelonFirst Energy
Florida Power Corp. *Forsmarks Kraftgrupp AB (Sweden) **GPU Nuclear Corp. *Iowa Electric Light & Power Co. **Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (Korea) **Magnox North (United Kingdom)Nebraska Public Power DistrictNew York Power Authority *Niagara Mohawk Power Corp. *Northeast Utilities Services Co. *Northern States Power Co. *Nuclear Electric *Nuclear Management Company *OKG AB (Sweden)Omaha Public Power DistrictOntario Power Generation (Canada)Pennsylvania Power & Light Co. *Philadelphia Electric Co. *Portland General Electric Co. **Progress EnergyPublic Service Company of Colorado **Public Service Electric & Gas Co. *PSEG Nuclear
Rochester Gas & Electric Corp. *Rolls-Royce Power Engineering (United Kingdom)Sacramento Municipal Utility District **Scottish Nuclear (Scotland) *Siemens/KWU (Germany) **Southern California Edison Co. **Southern Nuclear Corp. - Alabama Power Co. - Georgia Power Co.Tennessee Valley AuthorityTokyo Electric Power Company (Japan)Toledo Edison Co. *Tractebel-Suez (Belgium)Vattenfall AB, Ringhals (Sweden)Virginia Power Co. *Westinghouse Savanna River Co. **Wisconsin Electric Power Co. **Wisconsin Public Service Corp. *Yankee Utilities * - Maine Yankee Atomic Power Co. - Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. - Yankee Atomic Electric Co.Xcel Nuclear
* SQUG power plant(s) acquired by another SQUG member utility
** Former SQUG member companyAll but one U.S. utility directly affected by USI A-46
became a member of SQUG in the 1980s
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What is the Seismic Experience-Based Method?
Collect Field and Test Experience Data
• Earthquake reconnaissance investigations
• Past shake table tests
Method Includes the Development of:
• More than twenty classes of equipment
• Generic seismic ruggedness levels
• Restrictions, bounds, and conditions on its use- Data limits
- Good practices
- Lessons learned
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What is the Earthquake Experience Database?
• Collection of data from large earthquakes since 1971
• Contains detailed records of equipment performance
• Documents root causes of damaged equipment
• Contains inventories of undamaged equipment
• Continues to be updated as large, significant earthquakes occur
Earthquake Experience Database include success and failure data
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Primary Earthquakes Contributing to the Experience Database
Costa Rica & Panama
San FernandoWhittier
Palm Springs
Chile
Superstition Hills
Brawley & Imperial ValleyCerro Prieto
Mexico
San Salvador
Managua
Adak
Ferndale & Humbolt
Loma PrietaChalfant Valley
Morgan HillCoalinga
Santa BarbaraPoint Mugu
Boram Mt.
Quebec
Painesville
Bishop & Mammoth Mt.GormanUpland
Alum RockGilroy
Livermore
Wales
Italy
Turkey
Iran
Armenia
New Zealand
Australia
Northern Taiwan
Izu Peninsula
Miyagh-Ken-Oki
Central Luzon, Philippines
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Facilities Housing Equipment in Database
• Power generation facilities
• Substations
• Pumping stations
• Industrial facilities
• Commercial facilities
• Refineries
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Classes of Equipment Covered by Experience Data
1. Motor control centers2. Low voltage switchgear3. Medium voltage switchgear4. Transformers5. Horizontal pumps6. Vertical pumps7. Fluid-operated valves8A. Motor-operated valves8B. Solenoid-operated valves9. Fans10. Air handlers11. Chillers12. Air compressors13. Motor-generators
14. Distribution panels15. Batteries on racks16. Battery chargers and inverters17. Engine-generators18. Instruments on racks19. Temperature sensors20. Control and instrumentation
panels and cabinets21. Tanks and heat exchangers22. Cable and conduit raceways23. Overhead cranes24. Piping systems25. HVAC duct and damper
systems
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Extent of Data – Vertical Pumps (Example)
- Not Operable
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2
4
6
8
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Nu
mb
er o
f V
erti
cal P
um
ps
0.20 g 0.30 g 0.40 g 0.50 g 0.60 g
Peak Ground Acceleration(Average Horizontal)
Vast majority of equipment was operable during/after the earthquake
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0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Frequency (Hz)
Sp
ec
tra
l Ac
ce
lera
tio
n (
g)
NEAR FIELD SITES, 1983 COALINGA EQ.
EL CENTRO STEAM PLANT, 1979 IMPERIAL VALLEY EQ.
SYLMAR CONVERTER STATION, 1971 SAN FERNANDO EQ.
LLOLLEO PUMPING PLANT, 1985 CHILE EQ.
SQUG REFERENCE SPECTRUM
5% Damping
Bounds of Application
Ground motion from some of the largest earthquakesformed the basis for equipment seismic capacity
Final SQUG Equipment Capacity
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Development of Generic Equipment Ruggedness Spectra (GERS)
Sp
ectr
al A
ccel
erat
ion
(g
)
Frequency (Hz)
0
2
4
6
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1 5 10 20 30 ZPA
Dry-TypeTransformer
5% Damping
FailureData
SuccessData
GERS
Generic test data was used to establish higher equipment capacities
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1. Overall Approach for Resolving USI A-46
Outlier Resolution
Completion Letter
Summary Report
Safe Shutdown
Equipment List (SSEL)
EquipmentEvaluation
RelayReview
NRC
NRC
SER
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2. Equipment Evaluation
Summary Report
Cable Trays &Conduit Raceways
Tanks &Heat Exchangers
20 Classes ofEquipment
SSEL
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SeismicallyAdequate
3. Equipment Class Screens
SSEL
EquipmentScreens
Outliers
Capacity > Demand?
Caveats Met?
Anchorage OK?
No Seismic InteractionConcerns?
Justify orUpgrade
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SeismicallyAdequate
Seismic ReviewNot Needed
Seismic Cap.vs. Demand
6. Relay Review Screens
System/CircuitAnalysis
EquipmentSelection
SSELSSEL for Relay Review
Essential Relays
Outliers
Outlier Relays
Justify orUpgrade
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Generic Implementation Procedure (GIP)
• GIP includes detailed, NRC-accepted procedures developed prior to execution of USI A-46 reviews by SQUG members
• GIP defines minimum set of safe shutdown equipment
• Includes screening guidelines and acceptance criteria
• Includes plant walkdown procedures
• Includes special evaluations for:- Tanks and heat exchangers
- Cable trays and conduit raceways
- RelaysGIP provides comprehensive seismic evaluation
guidelines and criteria for many classes of equipment
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• GIP facilitated NRC review and approval of the guidelines and criteria for resolution of USI A-46
• GIP walkdowns and evaluations require engineering judgment
• NRC required experienced, trained engineers to use GIP
• SQUG developed several utility training courses to implement the GIP:- Development of Safe Shutdown
Equipment List (SSEL)
- Relay Evaluation
- Walkdown and Screening Evaluation
- Workshops
Generic Implementation Procedure (GIP)
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Key Elements of GIP Method
1. Covers conventional electrical equipment, mechanical equipment, tanks, heat exchangers, and cable/conduit raceways
2. Based on earthquake and test experience data
3. Requires plant walkdowns of the equipment
4. Requires use of engineering judgment
5. Requires use of experienced, trained Seismic Capability Engineers (SCEs)
6. Minimizes need for dynamic analysis and shake table testing
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New and Replacement Equipment (NARE)
GIP method can also be used for seismic qualification of New and Replacement Equipment and Parts
• For qualifying commercial-grade equipment and parts
• Can be used for the remainder of the operating life of plant
• Can be integrated with procurement process for parts
• Seismic, procurement, and licensing engineers involved
• SQUG developed training courses to apply NARE method:- Two-day NARE Training Course to enhance the capabilities of the SCEs
- One-half day SQUG/NARE Awareness Training Course to help other plant personnel understand the key elements of NARE process
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SQUG has compiled examples of NARE evaluations based on members’ use of the method
• NARE evaluation examples include:- Pump- Damper- Pressure gauge- Panels- Transformer inside a battery charger- Ball valve- Pressure regulator
• NARE evaluation examples serve to illustrate:- Key elements of NARE evaluation- Appropriate level of detail, effort, and engineering judgment- Approaches for documenting NARE evaluations
NARE Evaluation Examples
NARE evaluation examples are posted on SQUG web site
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NARE Support Program
SQUG has in place the “NARE Support Program” designed to assist SQUG members in performing plant-specific NARE evaluations- Steering Group provides oversight
- Protocol Chairman guides process on behalf members
- Members submit data needed for NARE evaluations
- SQUG Contractors perform NARE evaluations
- SQUG develops NARE examples from evaluations
• This program allows SQUG members to perform NARE evaluations:- Without developing plant-specific NARE procedures
- Without having trained personnel on staff to perform the NARE evaluations
- At minimal or no cost to support the SQUG contractors who perform the NARE evaluations
Details of NARE Support Program, including how tointerface with SQUG, are posted on SQUG web site
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SQUG Support for Members’ Questions
• SQUG provides answers to members' questions on topics related to use of the SQUG methodology and seismic issues
• Communication methods for supporting members:- SQUG Web Site (http://squgweb.mpr.com/)
- SQUG List Server – Members can communicate by email directly with all the other SQUG member representatives
- E-mail questions – SQUG contractors provide rapid response to issues and questions of concern to SQUG members
- Telephone communication – SQUG contractors provide rapid response to issues and questions of concern to SQUG members
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Conclusion
• SQUG mission is to maintain the validity of and support and broaden the use of experience data as a cost-effective method for seismic qualification of equipment
• The goal of SQUG is to reduce the level of owner’s group effort necessary to maintain and use the GIP in the future
• To accomplish this mission and goal, SQUG provides members with an assortment of tools to help them fully implement and use earthquake and testing experience data
For additional information contact:
Robert KassawaraEPRI
(650) [email protected]
For additional information contact:
Robert KassawaraEPRI
(650) [email protected]