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1 CARE BANGLADESH Workshop Report on Safety Net Interventions: Key Challenges and Way Forwards for Enhancing Food Security Venue : ASPADA Training Academy, Digharkanda-Mymensingh 5/18/2013 European Union
Transcript of Key Challenges and Way Forwards for Enhancing …...Upazila Nirbahi Officer Kamruzzaman Mia said in...
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CARE BANGLADESH
Workshop Report on Safety Net Interventions:
Key Challenges and Way Forwards for Enhancing Food Security
Venue : ASPADA Training Academy, Digharkanda-Mymensingh
5/18/2013
European Union
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sl Topics Page
1. Acknowledgement 3
2. About the Report 3
3. Background 4
4. About CARE Bangladesh Food Security Programs 4
5. Objectives of Workshop 5
6. Speakers and Participants 5
7. Workshop Proceeding (Key Highlights) 6
8. Key Issues & Concerns highlighted during the Open Discussion 6
9. Key Comments & Notes from panelist 7
10. Way Forward 7
11. Concluding Remarks 8
12. Next Steps 8
13. Annexure 9
13.1. Keynote Paper 9
13.2. Program Schedule 28
13.3. Media Coverage 29
13.4. List of Participants 30
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Acknowledgement:
CARE Bangladesh would like to acknowledge and thank all the participants for their valuable input
and guidance provided during the workshop discussions. This report is the product of their efforts.
About the Report:
The aim of this brief report is to provide stakeholders and relevant institutions and organizations with
information regarding the issues that were addressed in the workshop. This report provides an overview of
the key themes and areas of focus, the challenges, and a series of practical recommendations from
participants.
CARE Bangladesh will accumulate all the recommendations and segregate those in accordance with
program priorities. Followed by segregation strategies will be worked out for implementation. More follow
up moves will be taken for the recommendations which are more policy related and not directly an issue of
program implementation. Learning and recommendations will be disseminating among programs of CARE
Bangladesh, to take the learning for present or future programming.
For the reader’s prior understanding, Keynote paper, Program schedule, Participants list and Media
coverage are attached (see annexure).
We value your opinion, feedback or comments about the Safety net Workshop and on the materials
presented in this document. Please write to us at [email protected]
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Background:
People living in death and hunger are at risk. Social Safety Nets have been an essential component
in the fight against poverty. They can also contribute to long-range development. Targeted
programs, such as food-for-work, school feeding, micro-credit and insurance coverage, can help to
alleviate long-term food and financial insecurity which can contribute to a more self-reliant and
economically viable population. Bangladesh, right from its birth, has eyes glued on poverty
alleviation and reduction of inequality and injustice. Pro-poor growth has been the expressed
agenda of all government. As well as non government organizations also have drawn various
potential schemes to raise protection for ultra poor. Right based integrated approach of CARE
Bangladesh addresses those respective issues by instigating livelihood transformation program in
Bangladesh.
To effectively ensure food security, interventions like safety net, are merged along with other
government schemes. In this regard, SHOUHARDO-II and FSUP-H Program of CARE
Bangladesh had jointly well thought-out a day long workshop concerning under the title of “Safety
Net Interventions: Key Challenges and Way Forwards for Enhancing Food Security” successfully
organized by Mymensingh Regional Office held in ASPADA Training Academy, Digharkanda-
Mymensingh on 18 May,13. The purpose of the workshop was to sensitize the relevant stake
holders who are in the chain of safety net distribution and have dialogues on how Social Safety Net
initiatives could contribute more in ensuring food security in Bangladesh.
About CARE Bangladesh Food Security Programs:
Strengthening Household Ability to Respond to Development Opportunities II
(SHOUHARDO II)
CARE Banglaesh SHOUHARDO II Program, picks up from the proven models evployed in
SHOUHARDO, and continues to be one of USAID's largest non-emergency good security
programs worldwide, and a significant contributor to Bangladesh's poverty reduction initiative.
This food security Program is funded by USAID and the Government of Bangladesh, with a
funding of approximately USD 130 million. The Program operates in the North Char, the Mid
Char, the Haor belt and the Cox's Bazar coastal area, covering 11 districts, 30 upazilas and 172
unions of Bangladesh.
Food Security for the Ultra Poor in Haor (FSUP-H)
Food Security for the Ultra Poor is a five year project funded by the European Union and being
implemented by CARE Bangladesh and three national partners. The overall project goal is to
reduce extreme poverty, food insecurity and vulnerability in the Haor region of Northeast
Bangladesh. FSUP-H targets 55,000 ultra poor households, with a focus on ultra poor
households, with a focus on ultra poor women, in the three districts of Sunamganj, Netrokona
and Kishoreganj.
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Partakers participated spontaneously in the houseful forum on safety net.
The chief guests had taken expected chair, invited by
Mr. Tamiz Uddin Ahmed, RTM, SHOU-II.
Objectives of Workshop:
Sensitize the relevant stake holders who are in the chain of safety net distribution to be more
proactive in better targeting the beneficiaries.
Discuss the possibilities of active community engagement in preventing leakages of Social
Safety Net distribution
Have dialogues on how Social Safety Net initiatives could contribute more in protecting
food security in Bangladesh.
Speakers and participants:
Respected participants had their seat instinctively. Ms. Khaleda Khatun, Project Officer and Mr.
Tamiz Uddin Ahmed, Regional Technical Manager had driven the program acting as host.
Presented chief guests adorned their chair consequently.
Special guest of the workshop were,
1. Md. Rafiqul Huq , DD-Social
Welfare, Mymensingh
2. Mr. Kamruzzaman Miia, UNO-
Mymensingh Sadar.
3. Dr. Md. Wakilur Rahman, Assistant
Professor, Dept. of Rural Sociology,
BAU, Mymensigh
4. Md. Ayub Khan-Head of
Operations, CARE BD-Kishoregonj
5. Ms. Sajeda Begum-Regional
Coordinator-SHOU II Program,
Mymensingh Regional Office, CARE
Bangladesh.
Total 60 participants took part (Participants list attached Annex 3). Among the participants
different level of government officials, educationalists, media correspondents, 7 UP Chairman of
SHOU-II and FSUP-H program implemented areas, UP members, VDC members, staff of CARE
Bangladesh, representative of partner NGOs made the house vibrant.
Photo@ Syed Ahsan Rezvi/CARE
Photo@ Syed Ahsan Rezvi/CARE
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Monjur Rashid-KMC SHOU-II, moderating the open
discussion session with panel discussants
Workshop Proceeding (Key Highlights):
Ms. Sajeda Begum-Regional Coordinator-SHOU-II Program, MRO acknowledged with her
opening speech. In her speech she mentioned that it is the time to upgrade ours a medium income
generating country by taking the responsibility to defend the risk for poor executing safety net
initiatives through the livelihood transformation program like SHOUHARDO-II and FSUP-H.
Government initiatives, its true implementation, future plan aspect of Bangladesh, Mymensingh
regional deed and execution the food security program of non government organization like CARE
Bangladesh as well as their accomplishment in safety net issues were the prior part in brief
discussion.
Assistant Professor Dr. Md. Wakilur Rahman
from Bangladesh Agricultural University-
Mymensigh presented the key note paper of the
workshop. The title of his paper was, "Social
Safety Net Interventions in Bangladesh: Key
Challenges and Way Forwards for Ensuring
Food Security". In his paper he explored the
Poverty and inequality situation, clarity of
Safety net, importance, goal, safety net
programs in Bangladesh: types, coverage &
beneficiaries, implementation authority, food
based safety nets, impacts so far, limitations,
issues, challenges, and ways ahead. In his paper
he mentioned that the 31.5 % of total population in Bangladesh live below the poverty line, earlier
in 2005 it was 40.4%. In spite of several challenges Bangladesh has tremendous success in
achieving MDGs. He has mentioned all the 15 safety net programs that Government of Bangladesh
has taken through its different departments. However, he mentioned that through these safety net
programs only 21.3 million people has covered but another 22.5 million people is out of these
coverage. He identified the existance of leakage in the distribution system and most of the time
politically or locally influencial middle men play a vital role in depriving the right persons.
In his paper he discussed about the importance and effectiveness of the safety net programs in
Bangladesh. He also identifed the challenges in reaching the poor with those safety net programs.
Lateron he has given his recommendations to overcome those challenges.
Key Issues & Concerns highlighted during the Open Discussion:
Participants in the workshop have raised their accent to portray the calamities, deficiencies in their
occupying or working areas that they have to experience and achieved success fighting against
political unrest and corruption with expressing hope to have the glimpse of safe and secured
Bangladesh. From their expression some vital issues like wrong beneficiary selection and
corruption had came out commonly which are the main malefactor for succeeding safety net
program.
Upazila Agricultural Officer said that the proper persons are not included in the decision making
and selection process. He also recommended stopping political person's interference in the
beneficiary selection process.
Photo@ Syed Ahsan Rezvi/CARE
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One of the participants sharing her views during the
open discussion session
Another participant, Pikori Union Parisad
Chairman from Dharmopasha Upazila
said the distribution of the safety net
benefits among the poor and marginalized
people is not equal. Always some people
get more benefits because of locally and
politically influencial people's biasness.
Karimganj Union Parisad Chairman,
Safiqul Islam Ratan mentioned about the
poor role of Union Parisad Members in
the Safety net programs. He said union
parisad members are not empowered
enough to play an important
role in the beneficiary selection process. They are facing different pressure from the influencial
persons in distributing different pension and other allocation to the poor people.
Another media journalist said media need to highlight these kind of problems and can cooperate the
local elected persons to overcome the barriers. Media can create a social protest against those unfair
selection processes.
Modonganj Union Parisad Chairman recommended for a combination and cooperation between
Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO) and Union Parisad Chairman for the smooth implementation of
safety net programs.
Key Comments & Notes from panelist:
Some of the panel discussants discuss on the key note paper. Associate Professor ASM Golam
Hafez from Bangladesh Agricultural University-Mymensigh said that Banglaesh has made great
succuss in poverty reduction but yet long way to go. He said once food security means access to
food for all people all the time but in recent years the definitation has included sufficient, healthy
and nutritious food accessability, availability, utilization and stability. He also mentioned that
sometimes we failed to reach the proper targeted people with these safety net programs. He
mentioned about CARE Bangladesh 'Rural Maintainance Program' which has directly contributed
to poverty reduction. He said that besides Government initiatives different development
organizations aslo working in ensuring food security among poor people.
Panel discussants Iqbal H Khan, GOB Advisor, SHOUHARDO II Program CARE Bangladesh said
that we do not have correct data about the targeted group. He identified this is a big problem in
reachng the proper person through the safety net programs. The poverty map which is produced by
Statistics Burue of Bangladesh is not updated every year.
Upazila Nirbahi Officer Kamruzzaman Mia said in his specch about the role of Union Parisad in
implementing the safety net programs. He also agreed that some political influence interrupt the fair
beneficiary selection process and therefore right people do not get the benefits.
Photo@ Syed Ahsan Rezvi/CARE
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One of the SHOU II Program staff sharing her views
during the open discussion session
Way Forward
Later then the esteemed panel discussants
conveyed their valuable opinion to make the
ways forward mentioning some important
initiative like
National Social Protection policies
need to be stronger
More development orientation needs
to increase for the programs aspect of
Bangladesh.
Labor policies to be upgraded
focusing on improving conditions for
rural and informal workers
Need to continue and expand coverage
and better targeting
Need to increase allowance
Need to execute separate program for hard to reach areas
Need to carry out new programs for new vulnerable
Need to instigate new programs for malnourished people like Monga.
Need to Improve/enhance PFDS (Public Food Distributing System) storage system
Need to improve coordination, periodic review and management efficiency
Strengthen monitoring, evaluation and research
Concluding Remarks:
Ms. Sajeda Begum, Regional Coordinator, SHOU-II Program, Mymensingh Regional Office-
CARE Bangladesh has drawn the formal end expressing strong willpower to make the triumph and
conveyed hearty gratitude to all for having a prolific workshop.
Next Steps: The workshop has come out with several activities which have been taken into action for further
accomplishment. It has been identified that more workshops on safety net issues need to be
organized in other regions. Learning from all regions will be shared through a national level
seminar. This kind of workshop plays a very important role in learning sharing. It has also come out
from the workshop that it is very important to work more closely with government stakeholders for
ensuring safety net benefits for the right person. On the other it is also not possible for the
government alone to overcome all the barriers in implementing safety net programs. Development
organizations like CARE Bangladesh have been working with government stakeholders since long
time for the better life of poor and extreme poor. SHOUHARDO II Program will continue their
joint effort with government stakeholders to ensure safety net program benefits for poor and
extreme poor people of the rural areas.
Photo@ Syed Ahsan Rezvi/CARE
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Annexes:
Annex 1: Key Note Speech
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et. al., 2008, cited in Zahir, 2010)| mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx cÖK…Z A‡_© mvgvwRK exgv (Insurance)| hw`I
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx aviYvwU (Concept) 1980`k‡K D™¢vweZ nq wKš‘ cÖK„Z c‡ÿ 1990 `k‡K G‡m Gi e¨envi ïiæ
nq| Dbœqb mn‡hvMx msMVb¸wji avivevwnK Pv‡ci gy‡L Dbœqbkxj †`k¸wj (evsjv‡`kmn) mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx aviYvwU
(Concept) †K RvZxq ev‡R‡U AšÍf~©³ K‡i| jÿ¨MZ w`K †_‡K mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Ges mvgvwRK wbivcËv `yB‡qi
g‡a¨ †Zgb †Kvb cv_©K¨ bvB, Df‡qi jÿ¨ n‡jv `vwi`ª ~ixKi‡Y mnvqZv cÖ`vb| Z‡e wKQz wKQz w`K †_‡K Zv‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
we`¨gvb, †hgb mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx n‡jv GKwU ¯^íKvjxb exgv Acic‡ÿ mvgvwRK wbivcËv n‡jv `xN©‡gqv`x Dbœqb †KŠkj
hvi g‡a¨ mvgvwRK mnvqZv I exgv (Insurance) we`¨gvb| mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx ïaygvÎ `vwi ª I nZ `wi ª‡`i Rb¨
cwiPvwjZ nq, wKš‘ mvgvwRK wbivcËv `wi ª Ges `wi ª bq Dfq e¨w³i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| Zvn‡j mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx wK
mvgvwRK wbivcËv Gi AšÍf©~³? bvwK `ywU Avjv`v mËv| GwU wbf©i Ki‡Q H wbw`©ó (Spcific) miKvi I mgvR e¨e¯’vi Dci|
wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki avibv Abyhvqx mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Aek¨B wbtkZ© Aby`vb g~jK/LqivZ n‡Z n‡e, wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k cÖPwjZ
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Gi e¨wß AviI A‡bK †ekx| evsjv‡`†k cÖPwjZ wbtkZ© Aby`vb QvovI ¯^í g~‡j¨ Ges Avqea©b g~jK
Kvh©µg‡K mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi AvIZvq Avbv n‡q _v‡K|
11
wPÎ 1:1 mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx I mvgvwRK wbivcËvi m¤úK©
djkÖæwZ‡Z Aby`vbg~jK ev kZ©g~jK Ges cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿ miKvwi †h †Kv‡bv n ÍvšÍi e¨qB Gi AšÍf~©³ n‡Z cv‡i| ïay jÿ¨
ivL‡Z n‡e Zv Kv‡`i Rb¨, Kx D‡Ï‡k¨ Kiv n‡”Q †mB welqwU| †h †Kv‡bv Ô`wi`ª ev bvRyKÕ (Poor and Hunger) †Mvôxi
Av‡cwÿK eÂbv (Avq, wkÿv, m¤ú`, †h †Kv‡bv gvÎv‡ZB Zv n‡Z cv‡i) Ggb gvÎvq hw` †cuŠ‡Q hvq- (KvVv‡gvMZ Ab¨vb¨
cÖwµqvi Kvi‡Y †nvK ev †Kv‡bv A_©‰bwZK ev A-A_©‰bwZK Gi Rb¨ †nvK) †hLv‡b Zvi mvgwMÖK Ae¯’vq GK ai‡bi am ev
cZb NUvi Dcµg n‡q‡Q, ZLb Zvi wbivcËv †eóbxi cÖ‡qvRb nq IB cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi Rb¨ †h †Kv‡bv Kg©m~wPB MÖnY Kiv †nvK
bv †Kb Ges †h †KDB Zv MÖnY KiæK bv †Kb (miKvi ev GbwRI ev Ki‡cv‡iU `vwqZ¡ cvjbKvix cÖvB‡fU G‡RwÝ ev `wi ª‡`i
wbR¯ mgevq ev ¯^-mvnvh¨Kvix ms¯’v) Zv‡KB Avgiv GK ai‡bi mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx wn‡m‡e MY¨ Ki‡Z cvwi (Akash,
2012)| G cÖe‡Ü ÔmvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxÕ ej‡Z GB we¯Í…Z A_©B e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
evsjv‡`‡k `vwi‡ ªi gvÎv I cÖK…wZt
`wi ª‡K Rq Ki‡Z n‡j `wi‡ ªi MwZ I cÖK…wZ m¤ú‡K© mg¨K aviYv _vKv evÂbxq| `vwi‡ ªi wfbœZv cwijwÿZ nq kni I MÖvg
A‡j Ges wewfbœ GjvKv wfwËK| wb‡gœi mviwY (1.1) †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, 2005 †_‡K 2010 mvj mgq e¨eav‡b, `vwi‡ ªi nvi
kni GjvKvq AwaK nv‡i n«vm †c‡q‡Q (evwl©K 4.28 kZvsk nv‡i)| cjøx GjvKvi Zzjbvq kni GjvKvq `vwi‡ ªi MfxiZv
(`vwi`ª e¨eavb Øviv cwigvcK…Z) I ZxeªZv (`vwi`ª e¨eav‡b eM© Øviv cwigvcK…Z) †ekx nv‡i n«vm †c‡q‡Q| mviwY (1.1) †gŠwjK
Pvwn`vi e¨q Abymv‡i wefvMIqvwi `vwi‡ ªi nvi (gv_v-MYbv AbycvZ) †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| RvZxq ch©v‡q wbgœ `vwi ª †iLv e¨envi
K‡i †hLv‡b †`‡ki `vwi‡ ªi nvi n‡jv 17.6 kZvsk †mLv‡b D”P `vwi ªª †iLv e¨envi K‡i Zv `uvovq 31.5 kZvsk (mviwY 1.2)|
mviwY 1.1: Avq-`vwi‡ ªi MwZaviv
2010 2005 evwl©K cwieZ©b (%)
(2005-2010)
2000 evwl©K cweZ©b (%)
(2000 ‡_‡K 2005)
gv_v - MYbv m~PK
RvZxq 31.5 40.0 -4.67 48.9 -3.9
kni 21.3 28.4 -4.28 35.2 -4.2
cjøx 35.2 43.8 -5.59 52.3 -3.5
`vwi`ª e¨eavb
RvZxq 6.5 9.0 -6.30 12.8 -6.80
kni 4.3 6.5 -7.93 9.1 -6.51
cjøx 7.4 9.8 -5.46 13.7 -6.48
`vwi`ª e¨eav‡b eM©
RvZxq 2.0 2.9 -7.16 4.6 -8.81
kni 1.3 2.1 -9.15 3.3 -8.64
cjøx 2.2 3.1 -6.63 4.9 -8.75
Drmt evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb ey¨‡iv, Lvbv Avq I e¨q Rwic, 2010|
12
mviwY 1.2: †gŠwjK Pvwn`vi e¨q Abymv‡i wefvMIqvwi `vwi‡ ªi nvi (gv_v-MYbv AbycvZ)
RvZxq/wefvM 2010 2005
wbgœ `vwi`ªª †iLv e¨envi K‡i
RvZxq cjøx kni RvZxq cjøx kni
RvZxq 17.6 21.1 7.7 25.1 28.6 14.6
ewikvj 26.7 27.3 24.2 35.6 37.2 26.4
PÆMÖvg 13.1 16.2 4.0 16.1 18.7 8.1
XvKv 15.6 23.5 3.8 19.9 26.1 9.6
Lyjbv 15.4 15.2 16.4 31.6 32.7 27.8
ivRkvnx
(c~‡e©i)
21.6 22.7 15.6 34.5 35.6 28.4
ivRkvnx (bZzb) 16.0 16.4 14.4 - - -
iscyi 27.7 29.4 17.2 - - -
wm‡jU 20.7 23.5 5.5 20.8 22.3 11.0
D”P `vwi ª †iLv e¨envi K‡i
RvZxq 31.5 35.2 21.3 40.0 43.8 28.4
ewikvj 39.4 39.2 39.9 52.0 54.1 40.4
PÆMÖvg 26.2 31.0 11.8 34.0 36.0 27.8
XvKv 30.5 38.8 18.0 32.0 39.0 20.2
Lyjbv 32.1 31.0 35.8 45.7 46.5 43.2
ivRkvnx
(c~‡e©i)
35.7 36.6 30.7 51.2 52.3 45.2
ivRkvnx (bZzb) 29.7 29.0 32.6 - - -
iscyi 42.3 44.5 27.9 - - -
wm‡jU 28.1 30.5 15.0 33.8 36.1 18.6
Drmt evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb ey¨‡iv, Lvbv Avq I e¨q Rwic, 2010|
D‡jøL¨ †h, iscyi wefv‡M `vwi‡`ªi gvÎv me‡P‡q †ekx Dfq †ÿ‡Î (D”P I wbgœ †iLv e¨envi K‡i)| Acic‡ÿ PUªMÖvg wefv‡M
`vwi‡ ªi gvÎv me‡P‡q Kg Dfq †ÿ‡Î (D”P I wbgœ ‡iLv e¨envi K‡i)| Avevi hLb `vwi‡`ªi gvÎv/ nvi Rwgi gvwjKvbvi
wfwˇZ cwigvc Kiv nq, ZLb †`Lv hvq †h, f~wgnxb I cÖvwšÍK f~wgi AwaKvix RbmsL¨vi nvi †ekx Ges Zviv Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e
†ekx `vwi`ªZvi g‡a¨ cwZZ nq| Aci c‡ÿ, jÿbxq †h, hv‡`i Rwgi gvwjKvbv 7.50+ GK‡ii †ekx Zv‡`i `vwi‡`ªi nvi
2005 mv‡ji Zzjbvq †e‡o‡Q 2010 mv‡j (kni I MÖv‡g) Dfq †ÿ‡Î (D”P I wbgœ ‡iLv e¨envi K‡i)| †h‡nZy mvgvwRK
wbivcËv †eóbx Gi cÖavb jÿ¨ n‡jv `wi ª we‡gvPb Kiv myZivs `wi ª cwiw¯’wZi Dbœqb Ki‡Z n‡j f~wgnxb cÖvwšÍK Pvlx‡`i fvM¨
Dbœqb cÖ‡qvRb| GKB ms‡M †ekx Rwgi gvwjKvbv _vKv m‡Ë¡I †Kb `vwi‡ ªi nvi †e‡o‡Q Zv ÿwZ‡q †`Lv GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb|
mviwY- 1.3: Rwgi gvwjKvbv wfwˇZ `vwi ª cÖeYZv (%)
Rwgi AvqZb (GKK) 2010 2005
wbgœ `vwi`ª †iLv e¨envi K‡i
RvZxq cjøx kni RvZxq cjøx kni
mKj 17.6 21.1 7.6 25.1 28.6 14.6
f~wgnxb 19.8 33.8 9.9 25.2 49.3 17.8
<0.05 27.8 35.9 12.3 39.2 47.8 23.7
0.05-0.49 17.7 22.1 5.4 28.2 33.3 11.4
0.50-1.49 13.3 15.2 2.4 20.8 22.8 9.1
1.50-2.49 7.6 8.6 1.8 11.2 12.8 2.7
2.50-7.49 4.1 4.3 2.7 7.0 7.7 3.0
7.50+ 3.7 4.2 0 1.7 2.0 0.0
D”P `vwi ª †iLv e¨envi K‡i
mKj 31.5 35.2 21.3 40.0 43.8 28.4
13
Rwgi AvqZb (GKK) 2010 2005
wbgœ `vwi`ª †iLv e¨envi K‡i
RvZxq cjøx kni RvZxq cjøx kni
f~wgnxb 35.4 47.5 26.9 46.3 66.6 40.1
<0.05 45.1 53.1 29.9 56.4 65.7 39.7
0.05-0.49 33.3 38.8 17.4 44.9 50.7 25.7
0.50-1.49 25.3 27.7 17.4 34.3 37.1 17.4
1.50-2.49 14.4 15.7 8.8 22.9 25.6 8.8
2.50-7.49 10.8 11.6 4.2 15.4 17.4 4.2
7.50+ 8.0 7.1 0.0 3.1 3.6 0.0
m~Ît A_©‰bwZK mgxÿv 2012|
GKbR‡i mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx
evsjv‡`k miKvi 21wU gš¿Yvjq I wefv‡Mi gva¨‡g `wi`ª I nZ`wi ª gvbyl‡K Lv`¨, e¯¿, evm ’vb, wPwKrmv, wkÿvi e¨e¯’v K‡i
_v‡K| †ÿÎwe‡k‡l Gme Rb‡Mvôx‡K miKvwi Avw_©K mnvqZvq wbw`©ó †gqv‡` Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM K‡i †`qv nq| D‡jøL‡hvM¨
gš¿Yvjq¸wj nj, Lv`¨ I `y‡hvM© e¨e¯’vcbv, mgvRKj¨vY, ¯’vbxq miKvi wefvM, cjøx Dbœqb I mgevq wefvM, K…wl, grm¨ I
cÖvwYm¤ú`, gwnjv I wkïwelqK, cÖv_wgK I MYwkÿv, cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvgwelqK, ¯^v¯’¨ Ges f~wg gš¿Yvj‡qi gva¨‡g †`‡k 99wU
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv Kiv nq| we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL¨ †h, mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi AvIZvq hv‡`i‡K
mnvqZv †`qv n†”Q Zviv bZzb K‡i Mixe n‡”Q bv wKš‘ Zv‡`i‡K ¯^vej¤^xI Kiv hv‡”Q bv| wb‡gœ cÖavb cÖavb mvgvwRK wbivcËv
Kg©m~Px¸wj D‡jøL Kiv nj|
1. eq¯‹ fvZv Kvh©µg
2. cÖwZeÜx fvZv Kvh©µg
3. cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡`i Dce„wË Kg©m~Px
4. weaev I ¯^vgx cwiZ¨v³v fvZv Kvh©µg
5. gyw³‡hv×v fvZv Kvh©µg
6. wfwRwW Kvh©µg
7. `wi ª gvi Rb¨ gvZ…Z¡Kvjxb fvZv Kg©m~wP,
8. Pi Dbœqb I emwZ ¯’vcb
9. `yt ’ gwnjv fvZv
10. Am”Qj cÖwZeÜx fvZv
11. †emiKvwi GwZgLvbvi Qv·`i K¨vwc‡Ukb MÖ¨v›U
12. †emiKvwi eyw× cÖwZeÜx
13. GwmW`» I cÖwZeÜx
14. wfÿzK cybe©vmb I weKí Kg©ms¯’vb
15. cª‡UKkb Ae wPj‡Wªb G¨vU wi¯‹ (wcKvi)
Dc‡iv³ mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Pxi g†a¨ KZ¸wj Kg©m~Px ¯’vbxq miKvi I GjvKv cÖwZwbwa‡`i e¨e¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ
nq| cwiPvjbv cÖwµqvq Zv‡`i Kvh©µ‡gi GKwU mvims‡ÿc mviwY 1.4 G Zz‡j aiv nj| we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ G‡cbwW·
(Appendix) G †`Lyb|
evsjv‡`k miKvi mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡b ¯ ’vbxq miKvi‡K h‡_ó ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Q| Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡bi j‡ÿ¨
wewfbœ ch©v‡q (Dc‡Rjv, BDwbqb Ges IqvW©) KwgwU MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q| we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL¨ †h, GB KwgwU‡Z wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa
QvovI ¯’vbxq MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³eM©‡K AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GgbwK mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Px ch©‡eÿ‡Yi Rb¨ D”P ch©vq (RvZxq)
GKwU ZË¡veavqb KwgwU MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q (wb‡P †`Lyb)| GZwKQzi c‡iI, mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡b A‡bK ai‡bi
Awf‡hvM cvIqv hvq hv mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Pxi Kvh©KvwiZv I cÖwZeÜKZv As‡k we‡klfv‡e Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|
14
mvgvwRK wbivcËv ejq Kg©m~wPi mvwe©K ZË¡veavb KwgwU
evsjv‡`k miKvi mvgvwRK wbivcËv ejq Kg©m~wPi mvwe©K ZË¡veavb msµvšÍ gwš¿mfv wbgœiƒc MVb K‡i‡Qt-
(K) KwgwUi bvgt mvgvwRK wbivcËv ejq Kg©m~wPi mvwe©K ZË¡veavb msµvšÍ gwš¿mfv KwgwU|
(L) KwgwUi MVbt
(1) gš¿x, A_© gš¿Yvjq - mfvcwZ
(2) gš¿x, ¯’vbxq miKvi, cjøx Dbœqb I mgevq gš¿Yvjq - m`m¨
(3) gš¿x, mgvRKj¨vY gš¿Yvjq - m`m¨(4) cÖwZgš¿x, gyw³hy× welqK gš¿Yvjq
- m`m¨
(5) cÖwZgš¿x, gwnjv I wkï welqK gš¿Yvjq - m`m¨
KwgwUi Kvh©cwiwat
(1) cÖwZ ermi gvP© gv‡m KwgwUi we‡kl mfv AbywôZ n‡e Ges D³ mfvq eq¯‹fvZv cÖ`vb Kg©m~Pxi c~e©eZx© erm‡ii mvwe©K
g~j¨vqb I cieZ©x erm‡ii ev‡RU wba©viY Kiv;
(2) Aÿg cÖwZeÜx‡`i Rb¨ fvZv weZiY Kg©m~wPi mvwe©K ZË¡veavb I g~j¨vqb Ges cieZ©x eQ‡ii ev‡RU wba©viY Kiv;
(3) weaev I ¯^vgx cwiZ¨v³v `yt ’ gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ fvZv weZi‡Yi mvwe©K ZË¡veavb I g~j¨vqb Ges cieZ©x eQ‡ii G msµvšÍ
ev‡RU cÖYqb Kiv;
(4) Am”Qj gyw³‡hv×v‡`i fvZv cÖ`vb Kvh©µg, cÖv_©x evQvB‡q Aby‡gvw`Z bxwZgvjvi mvwe©K ZË¡veaAb I g~j¨vqb Ges G
msµvšÍ ev‡RU cÖYqb Kiv;
(5) `wi`ª gvÕi Rb¨ gvZ…Z¡KvjfvZv weZiY Kg©m~wPi mvwe©K ZË¡veavb I g~j¨vqb Ges ev‡RU wba©viY Kiv; Ges
(6) cÖwZeÜx‡`i Rb¨ wkÿv Dce„wË Kg©m~wPi mvwe©K ZË¡veavb I g~j¨vqb Ges ev‡RU wba©viY Kiv;
(N) mgvRKj¨vY gš¿Yvjq KwgwU‡K mvwPweK mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|
(O) KwgwU cÖwZ wZbgv‡m GKevi ˆeV‡K wgwjZ n‡e|
15
mviwYt 1.4t ¯’vbxq miKvi I GjvKv cÖwZwbwa‡`i mgš‡q mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevqb KwgwU Ges Kg©cwewai ZvwjKv
mvgvwRK
wbivcËv Kg©m~Px
ev ÍevqbKvix KZ…©cÿ cÖvwßi †hvM¨Zv I kZ©vejx ev Íevqb KwgwU Kg©cwiwa
cÖwZeÜx fvZv
Kvh©µg
mgvRKj¨vY gš¿Yvj‡qi
AvIZvaxb mgvR‡mev
Awa`ßi
1. gv_vwcQz evwl©K Avq 24000/- (PweŸk
nvRvi) UvKvi D‡aŸ© bq ;
2. fvZv cÖvcK‡K Aek¨B yt¯’ cÖwZeÜx n‡Z
n‡e;
3. mswkøó GjvKvi evwm›`v n‡Z n‡e;
4. 6 erm‡ii D‡aŸ© mKj ai‡bi cÖwZeÜx;
5. evQvB KwgwU KZ…©K wbe©vwPZ n‡Z n‡e;
6. Mixe I gvbwmK cÖwZeÜx wkï I m¤ú~Y© `„wó
cÖwZeÜx e¨w³‡K fvZv cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î AMÖvwaKvi
cÖ vb Kiv n‡e|
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUt
1. Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Awdmvi -mfvcwZ
2. Dc‡Rjv ¯v ’¨ I cwievi cwiKíbv Awdmvi- m`m¨
3. e¨vsK g¨v‡bRvi - m`m¨
4. fvicÖvß Kg©KZ©v, cywjk †ókb - m`m¨
5. Dc‡Rjv gwnjv welqK Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
6. mswkøó BDwbqb cwil` †Pqvig¨vb/‡cŠimfv Kwgkbvi- m`m¨
7. Dc‡Rjv Avbmvi I wfwWwc Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
8. ’vbxq mgvRKg©x- 1 Rb - m`m¨
9. gwnjv mgvRKg©©x- 1Rb - m`m¨
10. Dc‡Rjv mgvR‡mev Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
Dc‡Rjv KwgwU Kg©cwiwat
1. cÖv_©x wbe©vPb
2. cÖv_©x‡`i fvZv cÖvwß wbwðZKiY
3. Kvh©µg ev Íevq‡bi AMÖMwZ ch©v‡jvPbv
4. ’vbxq ch©v‡q D™¢~` mgm¨v wbimb
5. Kvh©µg ev Íevqb Z`viwK, cwi`k©b
6. Kvh©µg g~j¨vqb I cwiexÿY
7. D”PZi KwgwUi wbKU mycvwik †cÖiY
8. Dc‡Rjv Kvh©µg ev Íevqb KwgwU cÖwZ 3
gvm AšÍi mfvq wgwjZ n‡e
eq¯‹ fvZv
Kvh©µg
mgvRKj¨vY gš¿Yvj‡qi
AvIZvaxb mgvR‡mev
Awa`ßi
1. m‡e©v”P eq¯‹ I Am”Qj e¨w³‡K AMÖvwaKvi
cÖ vb Kiv nq|
2. cÖv_©xi evwl©K Mo Avqt Ab~aŸ© 3,000/-
3. whwb kvixwiKfv‡e Aÿg A_©vr m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c
Kg©ÿgnxb Zv‡K m‡e©v”P AMÖvwaKvi †`qv n‡e;
4. kvixwiKfv‡e Amy¯’, gvbwmKfv‡e AcÖK…wZ¯’,
kvixwiK I gvbwmK cÖwZeÜx I AvswkK
Kg©ÿgZvnxb e¨w³MY‡K µgvbymv‡i AMÖvwaKvi
†`qv n‡e|
5. wbt¯^, DØv ‘ I f~wgnxb‡K µgvbymv‡i
AMÖvwaKvi †`qv n‡e|
6. weaev, ZvjvKcÖvß, wecZ¥xK, wbtmšÍvb,
cwievi †_‰K wew”Qbœ e¨w³MY‡K µgvbymv‡i
AMÖvwaKvi †`qv n‡e|
7 f~wgnxb cÖv_©x‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`qv n‡e|
IqvW© KwgwUt
1.mswkøó Iqv‡W©i wbe©vwPZ m`m¨ - mfvcwZ
2.mswkøó Iqv‡W©i gwnjv m`m¨ - mn-mfvcwZ
3. yB (2) Rb MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³ - m`m¨
4.BDwbqb mgvRKg©x - m`m¨ mwPe
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUt
1.Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Awdmvi- mfvcwZ
2. BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vbMY. m`m¨
3. gyw³‡hv×v _vbv Kgv‡Ûi GKRb cÖwZwbwa -m`m¨
4. Dc‡Rjv/‡Rjv wnmveiÿY Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
5. g¨v‡bRvi - m`m¨
6. ¯’vbxq K‡j‡Ri Aa¨ÿ/Aa¨ÿv - m`m¨
7. MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³ 3 (wZb) Rb -m`m¨
8. Dc‡Rjv mgvR‡mev Kg©KZ©v- m`m¨ mwPe
9. cÖexY wn‰Zlx ms‡Ni cÖwZwbwa - †Kv- AÞ m`m¨
IqvW© KwgwUi Kg©cwiwat
1. cÖv_wgKfv‡e cÖv_©x evQvB K‡i ZvwjKv
cÖYqb K‡ib|
2. P~ovšÍ Aby‡gv`‡bi j‡ÿ¨ cÖYxZ ZvwjKv
mswkøó Dc‡Rjv KwgwUi wbKU †ck Ki‡e|
3. Avcx‡ji cÖkœ †`Lv w`‡j Zv Dc‡Rjv
KwgwU‡Z wb®úwËi Rb¨ †cÖiY Ki‡e|
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUi Kg©cwiwat
1. IqvW© KwgwU KZ…©K evQvBK…Z cÖv_©x
ZvwjKv P~ovšÍKiY|
2. fvZv cÖ`vb Kvh©µg Z`viKxKiYmn
Awf‡hvM wb®úwËKiY|
3. fvZv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖv_©x ZvwjKv P~ovšÍ
Aby‡gv`bKiY|
cÖwZeÜx
e¨w³‡`i fvZv
mgvRKj¨vY gš¿Yvj‡qi
AvIZvaxb mgvR‡mev
Awa`ßi
1. evsjv‡`‡ki ’vqx bvMwiK n‡Z n‡e|
2. eqm 5 ermi ev Z ~a© n‡Z n‡e|
3. wkÿv cÖwZôv‡b Aa¨vqbiZ cÖwZeÜx QvÎ-QvÎx
n‡Z n‡e|
4. ZvwjKvfz³ QvÎ-QvÎx‡K gv‡m Kgc‡ÿ 50%
K¬v‡m Dcw ’Z n‡Z n‡e|
5. ZvwjKvfz³ QvÎ-QvÎx‡K evwl©K cixÿvq DË©xY
n‡Z n‡e |
6. cÖwZeÜx QvÎ-QvÎx‡K mgvR‡mev Awa`߇i
wbeÜbK…Z n‡Z n‡e|
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUt
1. Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Awdmvi - mfvcwZ
2. Dc‡Rjv ¯v ’¨ I cwievi cwiKíbv Awdmvi - m`m¨
3. Dc‡Rjv gva¨wgK wkÿv Awdmvi - m`m¨
4. Dc‡Rjv cÖv_wgK wkÿv Awdmvi - m`m¨
5. fvicÖvß Kg©KZ©v, cywjk †ókb - m`m¨
6.cÖwbÜx ms¯’vmg~n †_‡K g‡bvbxZ wZb Rb -m`m¨
7. cÖv_wgK I MYwkÿv cÖmv‡i wb‡qvwRZ †emiKvix ms ’vmg~‡ni g‡a¨
†_‡K g‡bvbxZ cÖwZwbwa - m`m¨
8. mswkøó e¨vsK g¨v‡bRvi - m`m¨
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUi Kg©cwiwat
1. Dce„wË cÖ v‡bi Rb¨ cÖv_©x wbe©vPb
2. cÖv_©x‡`i Dce„wË cÖvwß wbwðZ Kib
3. Kg©m~Px ev Íevqb AMÖMwZ ch©v‡jvPbv
4. Dce„wË cÖ v‡bi †ÿ‡Î †h †Kvb mgm¨v
wbimb|
5. Kg©m~Px ev Íevqb Z`viwK, cwi`k©Y,
g~j¨vqb, cwiexÿY I mgšq|
6. D”PZi KwgwUi wb‡ ©kbv ev Íevqb Ges
D”PZi KwgwUi wbKU mycvwik †cÖiY|
16
mvgvwRK
wbivcËv Kg©m~Px
ev ÍevqbKvix KZ…©cÿ cÖvwßi †hvM¨Zv I kZ©vejx ev Íevqb KwgwU Kg©cwiwa
7. we`¨vj‡qi mswkøó K¨vP‡g›U GjvKvi `wi ª
cÖwZeÜx n‡Z n‡e|
9. wkÿv cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwbwa - m`m¨
10. Dc‡Rjv mgvR‡mev Kg©KZ©v 4 Rb - m`m¨
Dc‡Rjv KwgwU eQ‡i Kgc‡ÿ PviwU mfvq
wgwjZ nq|
weaev I ¯vgx
cwiZ¨v³v fvZv
Kvh©µg
gwnjv I wkï welqK
gš¿Yvjq AvIZvaxb
gwnjv welqK Awa`ßi
1. m‡e©v”P eq¯‹ Amnvq I yt¯’, weaev I ¯vgx
cwiZ¨³v gwnjv‡K AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|
2. whwb `yt¯’, Amnvq, cÖvq f~wgnxb, weaev I
¯^vgx cwiZ¨v³v hvi 16 eQi eq‡mi wb‡P 2wU
mšÍvb i‡q‡Q wZwb fvZv cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î
AMÖvwaKvi cv‡eb|
3. `yt ’, `wi`ª, weaev I ¯^vgx cwiZ¨v³v‡`i g‡a¨
hviv cÖwZeÜx I Amy¯’ Zviv fvZv cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î
AMÖvwaKvi cv‡eb|
4. hvi evwl©K MZ Av 3,000/- (wZb nvRvi)
UvKv ev Zvi wb‡P|
IqvW© KwgwUt
1. mswkøó IqvW© n‡Z wbe©vwPZ gwnjv BDwbqb cwil` m`m¨- mfvcwZ
2. mswkøó Iqv‡W©i wbe©vwPZ cyiæl m`m¨- mn mfvcwZ
3. yBRb ¯’vbxq MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³ (1 cyiæl I 1 gwnjv) -m`m¨
4. BDwbqb cwil‡`i mwPe-- m`m¨ mwPe
wet`ªt BDwbqb cwil‡`i wbe©vPb ’wMZ i‡q‡Q †m‡ÿ‡Î|
1. Dc‡Rjv gwnjv welqK Kg©KZ©v-mfvcwZ
2. BDwbqb cwil‡`i --mwPe m`m¨
3. mswkøó Iqv‡W©i yBRb MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³ (1 cyiæl + 1 gwnjv)- mwPe
4. mswkøó BDwbq‡bi BDwbqb mgvRKg©x m`m¨ mwPe
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUt
1. Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v- mfvcwZ
2. mswkøó Dc‡Rjvi BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vbMY - m`m¨
3. Dc‡Rjvi MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³ (2 Rb) - m`m¨
4. Dc‡Rjv gwnjv welqK Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨ mwPe
IqvW© KwgwUi Kg©cwiwat
1. cÖv_wgKfv‡e cÖv_©x evQvB K‡i ZvwjKv
cÖYqb Ki‡e|
2. P~ovšÍ Aby‡gv`‡bi j‡ÿ¨ mswkøó Dc‡Rjv
KwgwUi wbKU †ck Ki‡e|
3. Avcx‡ji cÖkœ †`Lv w`‡j Zv Dc‡Rjv
KwgwU‡Z wb®úwËi Rb¨ †cÖiY Ki‡e |
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUi Kg©cwiwat
1.IqvW© KwgwU KZ…©K mycvwikK…Z cÖv_©x
ZvwjKv evQvB Ki‡e|
2. fvZv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖv_©x ZvwjKv P~ovšÍ
Aby‡gv`b Ki‡e|
3. fvZv cÖ`vb Kvh©µg Z`viwKKiYmn G
msµvšÍ hveZxq Avcxj Awf‡hvM wb®úwË
Ki‡e
gyw³‡hv×v fvZv
Kvh©µg
gyw³‡hv×v welqK
gš¿Yvjq
1. eZ©gvb ZvwjKv ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i hviv m”Qj ev
Agyw³‡hv×v Zv‡`i bvg ZvwjKv n‡Z ev` hv‡e|
2. mgmsL¨K †hvM¨ cªv_©x g‡bvbqb K‡i Dfq
†ÿ‡Î †Rjv KwgwUi P~ovšÍ Aby‡gv`bµ‡g Zv
Dc‡Rjv KwgwU‡Z=AšÍf~©³ Ki‡Z n‡e|
3.†Rjv, Dc‡Rjv, †cŠimfv Ges wmwU
K‡c©v‡ik‡bi GjvKvfz³ _vbvmg~‡ni e¨vcK
cÖPv‡ii gva¨‡g `iLv Í AvnŸvb Ki‡eb|
4. Amnvq gyw³‡hv×v wba©vwiZ Q‡K Av‡e`bcÎ
†ck Ki‡eb|
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUt
1. Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v -mfvcwZ
2. †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb/cÖwZwbwa (cÖ‡hvR¨ †ÿ‡Î) - m`m¨
3. Dc‡Rjv gyw³‡hv×v msm` Gi 2 ( yB) Rb cÖwZwbwa - m`m¨
4. Dc‡Rjv wnmve iÿK Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
5. e¨vsK g¨v‡bRvi (†mvbvjx/RbZv/AMÖYx/ivRkvnx K…wl Dbœqb
e¨vsK/evsjv‡`k K…wl e¨vsK, mswkøó Dc‡Rjv m`i) - m`m¨
6. mswkøó Dc‡Rjv BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vbMY -m`m¨
7. MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³ 2 Rb (1 Rb cyiæl + 1 Rb gwnjv) - m`m¨
8. Dc‡Rjv mgvR‡mev Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUi Kg©cwiwat
1. Dc‡Rjv GjvKvi Amnvq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
fvZv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ bxwZgvjv Av‡jv‡K
cÖv_wgKfv‡e cÖv_©x evQvB K‡i ZvwjKv cÖYqb
Ki‡e|
2. Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ cªYxZ ZvwjKv †Rjv
KwgwUi wbKU †cÖiY Ki‡e|
3. Avcx‡ji cÖkœ †`Lv w`‡j Zv wb®úwËi
Rb¨ †Rjv KwgwU‡Z †cÖiY Ki‡e Ges †Rjv
KwgwUi wm×všÍ P~ovšÍ n‡e|
wfwRwW Kvh©µg
ÎvY I cybev©mb
Awa`ßi Ges gwnjv I
wkï welqK gš¿Yvjq
1. AwZgvÎvq Lv`¨ wbivcËvnxb A_©vr †h
cwiev‡ii m`m¨iv cÖvq Lv‡`¨i Afv‡e cÖwZw`b
†Kvb bv †Kvb †ejvq Lvevi †L‡Z cv‡i bv|
2. cÖK…Z A‡_© f~wgnxb A_©vr hv‡`i †Kvb Rwg
†bB A_ev 0.15 GK‡ii Kg Rwgi gvwjK|
G‡ÿ‡Î, f~wgnxb cwievi AMÖvwaKvi cv‡e|
3. emZ evwoi Ae ’v (N‡ii QvDwb, †eov,
`iRv, LuywU I cqtwb®‹vkb) LyeB wbgœ gv‡bi|
4. †h me cwievi ˆ`wbK A_ev AwbqwgZ w`b
gRyi wnmv‡e AwZ mvgvb¨ RxweKv wbe©vn K‡i
BDwbqb KwgwUt
1. BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb -mfvcwZ
2. BDwbqb cwil‡`i mKj m`m¨ (gwnjv m`m¨mn) - m`m¨/e„›`
3. BDwbqb cwievi cwiKíbv mnKvix - m`m¨
4. mn‡hvMx †emiKvix ms ’vi (NGO) cÖwZwbwa - m`m¨
5. GKRb miKvwi cÖv_wgK ¯‹zj wkÿK -m`m¨
6. BDwbqb Dc-mnKvix K…wl Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
7. BDwbqb cï m¤ú` mnKvix - m`m¨
8. BDwbqb ¯v ’¨ mnKvix - m`m¨
BDwbqb KwgwUi Kvh©µgt
1. DcKvi‡fvMx†`i ZvwjKv cÖYqb Kiv|
2. wfwRGd KvW© Bmy¨ Ki‡Yi e¨e ’v Kiv|
3. wba©vwiZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ Lv`¨km¨ D‡Ëvjb I
weZi‡bi e¨e ’v Kiv|
4. wfwRGd Kv‡W©i ZvwjKv h_vh_fv‡e
mqiÿY Kiv|
wfwRGd Kg©m~Pxi ZvwjKvwU BDwbqb
cwil‡`i †bvwUk †ev‡W© cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
17
mvgvwRK
wbivcËv Kg©m~Px
ev ÍevqbKvix KZ…©cÿ cÖvwßi †hvM¨Zv I kZ©vejx ev Íevqb KwgwU Kg©cwiwa
Ges mywbw`©ó ‡Kvb Av‡qi Drm †bB|
5. cwievi cÖavb gwnjv Ges †Kvb DcvR©bÿg
cyiæl m`m¨ A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb Av‡qi Drm †bB|
9. KwgDwbwU wbDwUªkb AM©vbvBRvi - m`m¨
10. KwgDwbwU wbDwUªkb cÖ‡gvUvi - m`m¨
11. wZbRb wfwRwW gwnjv - m`m¨
12. BDwbqb cwil†`i mwPe -m`m¨-mwPe
Dc‡Rjv wfwRwW KwgwUt
1. Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v - mfvcwZ
2. Dc‡Rjv K…wl m¤úªmviY Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
3. Dc‡Rjv Lv`¨ wbqš¿K - m`m¨
4. Dc‡Rjv cïm¤ú` Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
5. Dc‡Rjv grm¨ Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
6. Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
7. Dc‡Rjv mgevq Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
8. Dc‡Rjv mgvR‡mev Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
9. Dc‡Rjv cjøx Dbœqb Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
10. Dc‡Rjv ¯v ’¨ I cwievi cwiKíbv Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
11. Dc‡Rjv hye Dbœqb Kg©KZ ©v - m`m¨
12. Dc‡Rjv gwnjv welqK Kg©KZ©v/Dc‡Rjv cÖKí Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨
13. mKj BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb - m`m¨
14. cÖ‡Z¨K mn‡hvMx †emiKvix ms¯’v (GbwRI) cÖwZwbwa - m`m¨
15. Dc‡Rjv cÖKí ev¯Íevqb Kg©KZ©v - m`m¨ mwPe
16. KwgDwbwU wbD‡Uªkb AM©vbvBRvi - m`m¨
wbixÿvi Rb¨ Lv`¨k‡m¨i gRyz` †iwRóvi,
gvóvi‡ivj I Ab¨vb¨ wnmvecÎ msiÿY
Ki‡eb|
Dc‡Rjv KwgwUi Kvh©µgt
1. wewa †gvZv‡eK wfwRwW gwnjv‡`i wbe©vPb
wbwðZ Kiv, GB hvPvB I ch©‡eÿY KvRwU
†hŠ_fv‡e UWAO/PIO Ges GbwRI
cÖwZwbwa m¤úbœ Ki‡eb|
2. AvbycvwZK BDwbqb ch©v‡q wfwRwW KvW©
eivÏ Ki‡eb|
3. wfwRwW gwnjv wbe©vP‡b GbwRI‡`i mv‡_
mgšq I mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb|
4. Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Awdmvi gwnjvi ZvwjKv
ˆZix †h †Kvb miKvwi Kg©KZ©v‡K `vwqZ¡
w`‡Z cvi‡eb |
5. AwZ `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôxi ga¨ †_‡K b~b¨Zg
`~i‡Z¡ emevmKvix AwaK msL¨K gwnjv‡K
wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e|
6. wfwRwW gwnjvi © †mev ev A‡_©i wewbg‡q
†hb bv cvq ‡mUv wbwðZ Kiv|
Workshop Report on Safety Net Interventions: 2013
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eôbxi Kvh©KvwiZv I cÖwZeÜKZv
K) mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi eivÏt
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Lv‡Z h‡_ó eivÏ Ges eivÏK…Z A_© cÖK…Z myweav‡fvMxi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi Dc‡iB wbf©i K‡i Gi
mdjZv| wb‡Pi mviwY‡Z ( 1.5) A_© eivÏ, ev Íevq‡bi AMÖMwZ Ges DcKvi †fvMxi msL¨v Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ ai‡Yi
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kvh©µ‡gi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q †ekx eivÏ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q e„× fvZv Ges Gi gva¨‡g DcKvi‡fvMxi msL¨vI
me©v‡cÿv| Gic‡i h_vµ‡g i‡q‡Q weaev, ¯^vgx cwiZ¨v³v `yt ’ gwnjv fvZv Ges Am”Qj cÖwZeÜx fvZv| wb‡Pi wP‡Î (1.2;
1.3; 1.4) e„× fvZv, weaev, ¯^vgx cwiZ¨v³v `yt ’ gwnjv fvZvi Rb¨ eivÏ Ges DcKvi‡fvMxi msL¨v 2000-01 A_©eQi
†_‡K 2010-11 A_©eQi ch©šÍ Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b jÿbxq †h, me †ÿ‡Î DcKvi ‡fvMxi msL¨v I eivÏ e„w× †c‡q‡Q
mgq e¨eav‡b| hvi djkÖæwZ‡Z †`‡ki mÿgZvi nvi †e‡o‡Q| wKš‘ eivÏ e„w× Ges DcKvi‡fvMx msL¨v e„w× gv‡bB mvgvwRK
wbivcËv †eóbxi mdjZv eySvq bv| KviY Avgv‡`i mK‡ji Rvbv DcKvi‡fvMx wPwýZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î Avgiv A‡bK mgq
`~b©xwZi Avkªq wb‡q _vwK| gvV ch©v‡q Gai‡Yi A‡bK¸wj Awf‡hvM i‡q‡Q| Awf‡hvM¸wji g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg nj `vwi‡ ªi
WvUv‡eR bv _vKvq `wi ª gvbyl wPwýZ Ki‡Z BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb-†g¤^vi‡`i Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z nq| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î
Zviv †fvU I †fvUv‡ii wPšÍv gv_vq †i‡L `wi ª gvby‡li ZvwjKv cÖYqb K‡i _v‡Kb|
mviwY 1.5: mvgvwRK wbivcËv ‡eóbxi AvIZvq eivÏ, e¨wqZ A_©, ev Íevqb AMÖMwZ I DcKvi‡fvMxi msL¨v
µwgK Kg©m~Px ev‡RU (kZ †KvwU
UvKv)
e¨wqZ †gvU
A_© (kZ
†KvwU
UvKv)
ev Íevqb
AMÖMwZ
(%)
DcKvi‡fvMx
(jÿ Rb)
g~j ms‡kvwaZ jÿ¨gvÎ
v
cÖK…Z
1 eq¯‹fvZv 891.00 891.00 891.00 100 24.75 24.75
2 weaev I ¯^vgx cwiZ¨v³v `y¯’
gwnjv fvZv
331.20 331.20 331.20 100 9.20 9.20
3 Am”Qj cÖwZeÜx fvZv 102.96 102.96 102.96 100 2.86 2.86
4 miKvwi wkï cwievi I Ab¨vb¨
cÖwZôvb
25.72 22.90 18.85 82 0.17 0.13
5 ‡emiKvwi GwZgLvbv Qv·`i
K¨vwc‡Ukb †MÖW
42.00 42.00 41.18 98 0.51 0.51
6 cÖwZeÜx wkÿv_©x‡`i Rb¨ wkÿv
Dce„wË
8.80 8.80 8.80 100 0.19 0.19
7 ‡emiKvwi eyw× cÖwZeÜx
we`¨vjqmg~n
5.81 5.81 5.81 100 0.90 0.90
8 GwmW`» I cÖwZeÜx e¨w³‡`i
cybe©vmb
2.00 2.00 2.00 100 0.02 0.02
9 mgvRKj¨vY cwil` 9.26 9.26 9.26 100 0.72 0.00
10 wkï weKvk †K›`ª 5.41 1.00 0.83 83 0.01 0.00
11 cÖwZeÜx †mev I mvnvh¨ †K›`ª 9.45 5.50 5.50 100 1.00 1.00
12 wfÿzK cybe©vmb I weKí
Kg©ms¯’vb
6.32 6.32 3.16 50 0.00 0.00
13 cÖ‡UKkb Ae wPj‡Wªb G¨vU
wi¯‹ (wcKvi)
15.39 10.48 10.48 100 0.27 0.28
‡gvU 1455.32 1439.23 1431.03 99.43 40.58 39.83
m~Ît mgvRKj¨vY gš¿Yvjq-2013
19
wPÎ 1.2: eq¯‹fvZv Kvh©µ‡gi eQiwfwËK ev‡RU I
DcKvi‡fvMx e„w×i wPÎ
wPÎ 1.3: weaev I ¯^vgx cwiZ¨³v `yt ’ gwnjvfvZvÕi
eQiwfwËK ev‡RU I DcKvi‡fvMx e„w×i wPÎ
wPÎ 1.4: cÖwZeÜx e¨w³‡`i fvZv Kvh©µ‡gi eQiwfwËK ev‡RU I DcKvi‡fvMx e„w×i wPÎ
Acic‡ÿ Scatter diagram Gi gva¨‡g mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Lv‡Z e¨q I % GDP Gi g‡a¨ m¤úK© †`Lv‡bv
n‡q‡Q| GKBfv‡e mvgvwRK wbivcËv ‡eóbx Lv‡Z e¨q I % RvZxq ev‡RU eivÏ Gi g‡a¨ m¤úK© Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| wPÎ
(1.5; 1.6) †_‡K GwU cÖZxqgvb nq †h, mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Lv‡Z e¨q e„w×i mv‡_ `vwi ª we‡gvP‡bi cwRwUf
(Positive) m¤úK© we`¨gvb| Px‡b GK M‡elYvq †`Lv wM‡q‡Q †h, mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx eiv‡Ïi Kvi‡Y kZKiv GK fvM
nv‡i `vwi ªª we‡gvPb Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q (Ref.)| Z‡e GI mZ¨ †h, mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡b AwaK e¨q
Ges cÖK…Z myweav‡fvMxi Kv‡Q †mev †`qv m‡Ë¡I A‡bK mgq `vwi`ª we‡gvP‡bi †ÿ‡Î AMÖbx f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i bv| mvgvwRK
wbivcËv †eóbx Lv‡Z % GDP eivÏ I wewb‡qvMB †h `vwi`ª we‡gvP‡bi Ab¨Zg KviY Zv wKš‘ GB mvaviY e¨vL¨vB
(Analysis) cÖgvY K‡i bv| GB wel‡q mvaviYxKi‡Yi c~‡e© AviI e¨vcKwfwËK M‡elYvi cÖ‡qvRb|
20
wPÎ 1.5: mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Lv‡Z e¨q I % GDP Gi m¤úK©
wPÎ 1.6: mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Lv‡Z e¨q I RvZxq ev‡R‡U eiv‡Ïi m¤úK©
AÂj wfwËK `vwi‡ ªi nvi I myweav‡fvMxt
wb‡Pi mviwY(1.6) †_‡K jÿbxq †h, GKgvÎ Lyjbv wefv‡M `vwi‡ ªi gvÎvi †P‡q DcKvi‡fvMxi msL¨v †ekx| Z‡e MÖvg
GjvKvq DcKvi‡fvMxi msL¨v me‡P‡q †ewk| Aci c‡ÿ, iscyi wefv‡M `vwi ª Rb‡Mvôxi msL¨v †ewk n‡jI mvgvwRK
wbivcËv Kg©m~Pxi myweav‡fvMx †jv‡Ki msL¨v Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e Kg| Lyjbv A‡j Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk DcKvi‡fvMx Ges
iscyi A‡j Kg DcKvi‡fvMx AšÍf~©³ nIqvi wcQ‡b †Kvb ivR‰bwZK A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb KviY Av‡Q wKbv Zv LwZ‡q †`Lv
cÖ‡qvRb| Abyiƒ‡c kn‡i `vwi‡`ªi Zzjbvq DcKvi‡fvMxi msL¨v Kg nIqvq fwel¨‡Z `vwi‡`ªi gvÎv †e‡o hvIqvi m¤¢vebv
_v‡K| GKBfv‡e jÿYxq †h, kni A‡j `vwi‡ ªi Zzjbvq mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi AvIZvq myweav‡fvMxi msL¨v Kg|
†h‡nZy mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Gi cÖavb jÿ¨ n‡jv `vwi ª we‡gvPb I mylg Dbœqb (MÖvg, kni AÂj‡f‡`) wbwðZ Kiv|
Kv‡RB A_© eiv‡Ïi †ÿ‡Î GB AmvgÂm¨Zv `vwi‡ ªi nvi Kgv‡bvi cwie‡Z© AÂjwfwËK ˆel¨gZv AviI e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i|
mviwY 1.6: AÂjwfwËK (Division Wise) `wi‡ ªi nvi I myweav‡fvMx
wefvM RvZxq (%) cjøx (%) kni (%)
`wi ª myweav‡fvMx `vwi`ª myweav‡fvMx `vwi`ª myweav‡fvMx
RvZxq 31.5 24.57 35.2 30.12 21.3 9.42
ewikvj 39.4 34.43 39.2 37.20 39.9 20.66
PÆMÖvg 26.2 19.99 31.0 24.5 11.8 7.44
XvKv 30.5 18.87 38.8 27.80 18.0 5.99
Lyjbv 32.1 37.3 31.0 43.27 35.8 16.66
ivRkvnx 29.7 20.66 29.0 22.85 32.6 10.17
iscyi 42.3 33.65 44.5 35.11 27.9 23.68
wm‡jU 28.1 23.51 30.5 26.06 15.0 10.5
21
m~Ît A_©‰bwZK mgxÿv, 2012 I Lvbv Rwic, 2010
myweav‡fvMx wPwýZKiY Ges Zv‡`i Kv‡Q †cŠQv‡bv (Targeting and Reaching):
evsjv‡`k miKvi wewfbœ c×wZi mgš‡q DcKvi‡fvMx wbe©vPb K‡i _v‡K| G‡ÿ‡Î mgv‡Ri Mb¨gvb¨ e¨w³ (¯‹zj wkÿK,
gmwR` ev Dcmbvj‡qi e¨w³eM©), wbe©vwPZ BDwbqb cwil‡`i cÖwZwbwa, Dc‡Rjvi wewfbœ Kg©KZ©v mK‡ji mgš‡q
myweav‡fvMx wbe©vPb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| wKš‘ `~tLRbK n‡jI mZ¨ †h, GB myweav‡fvMx wbe©vPb cÖwµqvq hviv RwoZ _v‡Kb Zviv
wVKgZ `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i bv| Gi A‡bK¸wj Kvi‡Yi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg KviY nj wbR Ges wb‡R‡`i AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡`i g‡a¨
myweav †`Iqvi cÖeYZv Ges fwel¨‡Z GjvKvq wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e envj _vKvi ZvwM‡` GmKj Ab¨v‡qi cÖkªq w`‡q
_v‡Kb| eªvK ( BRAC, 2009), M‡elYvq †`Lv wM‡q‡Q ‡h, hw`I GjvKvi Mb¨gvb¨ e¨w³iv myweav†fvMx wbe©vPb cÖwµqv
KwgwU‡Z _v‡Kb wKš‘ Zv‡`i mv‡_ †Kvb mjv-civgk© Qvov wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwaiv (‡Pqvig¨vb I †g¤vi) wb‡Ri B”QvgZ
myweav‡fvMx wbe©vPb K‡i _v‡Kb| M‡elYvq AviI †`Lv wM‡q‡Q †h, ÿz ªFY Kg©m~Px‡ZI Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e m”Qj e¨w³‡K
AšÍf©~³ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Abyiæ‡c wW‡gv‡µwm IqvP (Democracy Watch) cÖYxZ M‡elYvq †`Lv wM‡q‡Q (28wU
BDwbq‡b) †h, AwaKvsk mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡bi †ÿ‡Î mgšqnxbZv, ~b©xwZ, cQ›`bxq e¨w³ ,
ivR‰bwZK we‡ePbv cÖvavb¨ we¯Ívi K‡i GgbwK bZzbfv‡e M„nxZ mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~PxI GBmKj mgm¨vi evwn‡i
bq| mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~Pxi cÖavbZg mgm¨v wnmv‡e ˆ`Z¡Zv (Overlapping) Ges mgšqnxbZv‡K `vqx K‡i‡Qb
(Moniruzzaman, 2009)| eªvK KZ©…K 100 w`‡bi Kg©m~Px g~j¨vqb K‡i †`Lv †M‡Q †h, kZKiv 2.2 fvM DcKvi‡fvMx
AšÍf©~³ n‡q‡Q 20 kZvsk abx‡`i ga¨ †_‡K Ges 37 kZvsk DcKvi‡fvMx AšÍf©~³ n‡q‡Q 20 kZvsk `wi‡ ªi ga¨ †_‡K,
Aewkó 67 kZvsk AšÍf©~³ n‡q‡Q 40 kZvsk `wi‡ ªi ga¨ †_‡K| G‡ÿ‡Î Kg©cš’v m¤ú‡K© Lye †ekx cÖPviYv bv _vKvq
GgbwU N‡U‡Q e‡j g‡b Kiv nq| D‡jøL¨ †h, †`‡ki PviwU †Rjvq `kwU Dc‡Rjvi 24wU BDwbq‡bi 4,967 Rb gvby‡li
Dci Rwic Pvwj‡q Dbœqb mgšq †`‡L‡Q †h, Piv‡ji 79% gvbylB mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~wPi myweav ‡_‡K ewÂZ (Dbœqb
mgšq, 2012)|
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~Px I wj‡K‡RR(Leakages)t
mvaviYZ `yB ai‡bi wj‡K‡RR n‡q _v‡K cÖ_gwU n‡jv myweav‡fvMx wbe©vP‡b ÎæwU A_©vr cÖK…Z myweav cvIqvi †hvM¨ e¨w³
(Poor and Extreme poor) myweav †_‡K ewÂZ nq| hvnv Dc‡ii As‡k we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wØZxq wj‡KR
(Leakage) Gi KviY wn‡m‡e AwaK msL¨K ga¨mË¡‡fvMx‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q hviv e›Ub cÖwµqvi mv‡_ RwoZ| wek¦ e¨vsK
(2006) cÖYxZ M‡elYvjä djvd‡j †`Lv hvq †h, Lv`¨ e›Ub (Food Transfer) cÖwµqvq wj‡KR Gi cwigvY 10-50
kZvsk wKš‘ A_© wbf©i (Cash Transfer) ‡cÖvMªv‡gi †ÿ‡Î GB gvÎv 5-25 kZvsk| Gi cÖavbZg Kvib wnmv‡e
AwaKmsL¨K ga¨mË¡‡fvMx‡K `vqx Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖK…Z c‡ÿ, Lv`¨ msiÿY, ¸`vgRvZKib, Ges e›Ub A‡bK av‡c msNwUZ
n‡q _v‡K hvi djkÖæwZ‡Z cÖwZav‡c wKQz bv wKQz K‡i wj‡KR (Leakage) n‡Z _v‡K| M‡elYvi gva¨‡g GwU cÖwZqgvb
n‡q‡Q †h, cÖv_wgK Ae¯’vq wj‡KR Gi gvÎv 20 kZvsk (World Bank, 2006)| Aci GK M‡elYvq †`Lv ‡M‡Q †h, 1
kZvsk myweav‡fvMx AšÍf©~³ n‡q‡Q Ny‡li gva¨‡g, 7 kZvsk myweav‡fvMx G‡m‡Q ¯^”Qj cwievi †_‡K (Mal-targeting)
Ges 3-4 kZvsk e¨w³ cÖvc¨ myweavi †P‡q Kg myweav †c‡q‡Qb (Moniruzzaman, 2009) | myZivs me©‡gvU wj‡K‡Ri
gvÎv `vwo‡q‡Q AvbygvwbK 11 kZvsk| Z‡e me‡P‡q gRvi welq n‡jv, Kg©kvjvq mK‡j (BDwbqb †Pqvig¨vb, †g¤^vi, gwnjv
†g¤^vi, Dc‡Rjvi Kg©KZ©ve„›` I Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix e¨w³eM©) cÖvß djvd‡ji †P‡q Kg cwigv‡b wj‡K‡Ri e¨vcv‡i
gZvgZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| G‡ÿ‡Î D‡jøL¨ †h, D³ Kg©kvjvq †Kvb DcKvi†fvMx wQ‡jb bv A_ev _vK‡jI Zviv Dc‡Rjv I
BDwbqb cwil‡`i cÖwZwbwai m¤§y‡L welqwU Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ¯^v”Q›`‡eva K‡ib wb|
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx I Lv`¨ wbivcËvt
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx I Lv`¨ wbivcËv I‡Zv‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ| mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi cÖavb jÿ¨ nj `vwi ª `~ixKiY,
hvi AšÍ©wbwnZ A_© n‡jv gvby‡li †gŠwjK Pvwn`v¸wj cyiY Kiv| gvby‡li 5wU †gŠwjK Pvwn`vi g‡a¨ cÖavbZg n‡jv Lv`¨|
mvaviYZ Avgv‡`i †`‡k Lv`¨ MÖn‡bi (Calore Intake) Dci wfwË K‡i `vwi ª ‡iLv (Poverty Line) ˆZix Kiv nq|
cÖK…Zc‡ÿ, mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi e¨vcKZv Lv`¨ wbivcËvi ‡P‡q AwaK (wPÎ: 1.7)| wb‡Pi wP‡Î (1.8) `vbv`vi Lv‡`¨i
Drcv`b, Avg`vbx I e›U‡bi Ae¯’v Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| D‡jøL¨ †h, evsjv‡`‡k `vbv`vi Lv`¨km¨ Drcv`‡b A‡bK AMÖMwZ
G‡m‡Q, Ges cÖwZeQ‡i Zv µgvš‡q evo‡Q (2011-12 Gi Drcv`b c~e©eZx© eQ‡ii †P‡q 1 kZvsk †ekx)| djkÖæwZ‡Z
22
`vbv`vi Lv`¨ k‡m¨i Avg`vwbi cwigvY µgvš‡q K‡g Avm‡Q (mviwY: 1.7)| miKvwi I †emiKvwi D‡Ï¨‡M 2011-12 A_©
eQ‡i gvÎ 2.29 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub `vbv`vi Lv`¨ Avg`vwb n‡q‡Q, hvi g‡a¨ Pvj 0.52 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub Ges Mg 1.77
nvRvi †gwUªK Ub| Abyiæ‡c gvQ, gvsm, wWg, `ya Drc`‡bI mdjZv G‡m‡Q| Z‡e Zv GLbI NvUwZ c~i‡Y mÿgZv AR©b
Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| G Kvi‡Y e¨vcK Avwg‡li NvUwZ †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| FAO (2013) wi‡cv‡U© ejv n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`‡k Lv‡`¨i
wbðqZv evo‡jI cywóKi Lvevi MÖn‡Yi gvÎv †m nv‡i ev‡owb| Stunning Ges ¯^í IR‡bi (Under Weight) gvÎv Av‡¯Í
Av‡¯Í Kg‡jI GLbI Zv h‡_ó bq Ges we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL¨ †h, MÖvg A‡j GB nvi GLbI A‡bK †ekx| wewfbœ M‡elbv
†_‡K cÖZxqgvb n‡q‡Q †h, Lv`¨ gRy` I Drcv`b h‡_ó _vK‡jI Zv wKš‘ mevi Rb¨ mydj e‡q Av‡b bv, cÖ‡qvRb mylg e›Ub
I mevi cÖ‡ekvaxKvi | GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, Lv‡`¨i g~j¨ e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ Gi cÖfve Mixe‡`i Dci †ekx c‡o, KviY Zviv
Lv‡`¨i Rb¨ me‡P‡q †ekx A_© e¨q (Av‡qi 70%) K‡i _v‡K (Moniruzzaman, 2009)| GQvovI ¯^í I wbgœ Av‡qi
gvbyl, w`bgyRyi, †hŠ_ cwievi I gwnjv cÖavb (Family Head) cwievi, ÿz`ª I cÖvwšÍK Pvlx Lv‡`¨i g~j¨ e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_B
Lye †ekx ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| Acic‡ÿ, kniv‡j ‡dwiIqvjv (Vendor), wfÿzK, Mv‡g©›Um kªwgK AwaK ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡q _v‡K|
Z‡e wi·vPvjK I Ab¨vb¨ Mvox PvjK (Van, CNG, Cab etc) Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e Kg ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq, KviY Zviv Lv‡`¨i g~j¨
e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡`i fvov (mvwf©m PvR©) evwo‡q w`‡q _v‡Kb| ïay ZvB bq, K…wli Drcv`b A‡bKLvbx cÖK…wZ wbf©i, ZvB
AvKw¯§K eb¨v/Liv, Rj”Qvm, N~wY©So, jeYv³Zv, me©cix Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi Kz-cÖfv‡e K…wl Drcv`b e¨vcKfv‡e weNœxZ nq|
GB mKj cÖvK…wZK `y‡hv©‡M me‡P‡q †ekx ÿwZMÖ¯’ nq cÖvwšÍK I gvSvix Pvlx| hviv wKbv ïaygvÎ K…wl Drcv`‡bi Dci wbf©i
K‡i Rxeb RxweKv wbe©vn K‡i _v‡K| mviwY 1.3 we‡kølY K‡i †`Lv hvq †h, hv‡`i Rwgi gvwjKvbv (<0.05 I 0.05-0.49
†mB mKj K…wl RxweKvi me©vwaK `wi‡ ªi g‡a¨ wbgw¾Z) Zv‡`i `vwi ªZvi A‡bK¸wj Kvi‡Yi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jv cÖvK…wZK
ˆewiZvi mv‡_ wb‡R‡K Lvc LvIqv‡bvi AÿgZv Ges cÖPwjZ evRvi A_©bxwZ‡Z (Market Economy) cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡i
¯^íZv| GLv‡b e‡j ivLv mwgPxb n‡e †h, miKvi, `vZv ms¯’v I †emiKvix ms¯’v, cÖvwšÍK I gvSvix Pvlxi Rb¨ wKQz c`‡ÿc
[†hgb- Kg g~‡j¨ e¨vsK wnmve (Account Open), fZ~©wK g~‡j¨ we`y¨r I mvi myjf g~‡j¨ exR weZiY, †ivM evjvB `g‡b
civgk©, FY weZiY mnwRKiY BZ¨vw`] wb‡jI D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mdjZv †`Lv hvqwb (Rahman & Parvin, 2009)| Gi KviY
wnmv‡e AveviI ej‡Z nq †h, cÖPwjZ AeKvVv‡gvMZ I e¨e¯’vcbvq cÖK…Z/‡hvM¨ e¨w³i wbKU myweav¸wj wVK mgq gZ
†cuŠQv‡bv hv‡”Q bv| GQvov K…wl Drcv`b e„wׇZ AvaywbK cÖhyw³i e¨envi I hyM‡cv‡hvMx RvZ D™¢veb, K…wl cY¨ msiÿY I
evRviRvZ Ki‡Yi AvaywbKxKiYmn K…wl wfwËK wkí cÖwZôvq kø_MwZ, K…wl wkÿv I M‡elYvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq my‡hvM myweav I
eiv‡Ïi AcÖZzjZv, K…wl Dbœq‡b hy‡Mvc‡hvMx bxwZ cwiKíbvi Afve K…wli mvgMÖxK Dbœqb‡K e¨vnZ Ki‡Q| D‡jøL¨ †h,
miKvi KZ…©K cÖYxZ bZzb K…wl bxwZ (New agricultural policy) Dc‡i D‡jøwLZ mgm¨v¸wj mgvav‡b e¨_© n‡q‡Q|
djkÖæwZ‡Z cwic~Y© Lv`¨ (`vbv`vi I Avwgl RvZxq Lv`¨) wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Avgiv eive‡iB e¨_© n‡q AvmwQ|
wPÎ 1:7: mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx I Lv`¨ wbivcËvi
m¤úK©
wPÎ 1:8: `vbv`vi Lv‡`¨i Drcv`b 2011-12
m~Ît FAO, 2013
18.76 12.8
2.33 0.99
‡ev‡iv
Avgb
23
mviwY 1.7: wewfbœ gva¨‡g Lv`¨ Avg`vwbi ZvwjKv ('000
†gwUªK Ub)
`vbv`vi km¨ Avg`vwbi
aib
Avw_©K eQi 2009-10
(cÖK…Z)
Avw_©K eQi 2010-11
(cÖK…Z)
Avw_©K eQi 2011-12
(cÖK„Z)
Pvj
miKvwifv‡e 46.9 1264.4 454.9
Lv`¨ mvnvh¨ 3.6 6.2 8.9
†emiKvwifv‡e 36.6 290.5 59.0
‡gvU 87.1 1561.1 522.8
Mg
miKvwifv‡e 443.5 775.6 540.0
Lv`¨ mvnvh¨ 56.1 158.1 45.9
†emiKvwifv‡e 2862.5 2818.4 1181.9
‡gvU 3362.1 3752.1 1767.9
`vbv`vi Lv`¨km¨ 3449.2 5313.2 2289.9
m~Ît FAO, 2013
mviwb 1.8: `vbv`vi Lv`¨km¨ weZi‡bi gva¨g mg~n (000 †gwUªK Ub)
miKvwifv‡
e Lv`¨
e›U‡bi
aib
wcGdwWGm
Gi gva¨g
A_© eQi- 2010-11
(cÖK…Z)
A_© eQi- 2011-12
(cÖK…Z)
A_© eQi- 2012-13
(wW‡m¤^i 2012 ch©šÍ)
A_© eQi 2012-13
cÖK…Z ev‡RU
gwbUvBRW
P¨v‡bj
Pvj Mg ‡gvU Pvj Mg ‡gvU Pvj Mg ‡gvU Pvj Mg ‡gvU
Riæix
cÖ‡qvR‡b
155 98 253 157 102 259 79 49 128 175 130 105
Ab¨vb¨
cÖ‡qvR‡b
16 5 21 16 5 21 8 2 10 20 10 30
PvKzwiRxex 0 17 17 0 15 15 0 9 9 0 22 22
‡Lvjv
evRv‡i
weµq
1039 147 1186 340 223 563 11 148 159 500 290 790
‡gvU 1210 267 1477 513 345 858 98 208 306 695 452 1147
bb-
gwbUvBRW
P¨v‡bj
Kv‡Ri
wewbg‡q Lv`¨
8 120 128 262 64 326 11 4 15 300 100 400
‡U÷ wiwjd 1 176 177 262 64 326 96 0 96 100 300 400
wfwRGd 114 0 114 159 1 160 197 2 199 400 0 400
wfwRwW 142 122 264 115 168 283 92 50 142 98 173 271
`y¯’ fvZv 33 0 33 50 0 50 28 0 28 80 0 80
Ab¨vb¨ 61 37 98 51 42 93 27 19 46 45 30 75
‡gvU 359 455 814 899 339 123
8
451 75 526 1023 603 1626
me©‡gvU 1569 722 2291 1412 684 209
6
549 283 832 1718 1055 2773
m~Ît FAO, 2013
24
mviwY 1.9: Lv`¨c‡Y¨i g~j¨ e„w×i cÖfv‡e Rxeb-RxweKv e¨q-wbe©v‡n mgš‡qi aiY (AwaK SuywKc~Y© A‡j)
Lvc LvIqv‡bvi †KŠkj (Coping Machanism) AÂj (%)
gsMv DcK~j nvIi cvnvox
Lv`¨ MÖnY wgwkªZKiY F‡Yi gva¨‡g 64 70 68 45
Avqea©bg~jK Kg©m~wP
AwaK kªg 91 78 70 71
Kv‡Ri mÜv‡b Ab¨Î Mgb 36 21 19 9
wkï‡`i†K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv (¯‹z‡j †h‡Z evav
w`‡q)
14 12 11 4
wkï kªg (14 eQ‡ii c~‡e©) 4 4 3 0
Avqea©bg~jK I msKU
wbim‡bi c`‡ÿc
Kv‡Ri cwieZ©b 17 25 25 27
K…wli eûgyLxKiY 0 0 0 16
m~Ît Moniruzzaman, 2009
mviwY 1.9: Lv`¨c‡Y¨i g~j¨ e„w×i Kvi‡Y Rxeb-RxweKv e¨‡qi mgš†qi aiY
Lvc LvIqv‡bvi †KŠkj (Coping Machanism) cjøx kni RvZxq
fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ RgvK„Z Lv`¨ MÖnY 7.3 1.4 6.0
K…wl Drcv`‡b Kg wewb‡qvM 6.7 1.1 5.0
N‡ii wRwbmcÎ wewµ 1.0 0.8 1.0
Drcv`bkxj wRwbm weµq 2.0 0.8 2.0
AwaK cwigv‡Y Mevw` cï weµq 9.0 2.7 8.0
A‡b¨i wbKU †_‡K KR© (Drcv`bkxj m¤úwË) 6.0 2.5 5.0
wPwKrmv e¨q Kgv‡bv 23.2 19.7 22.0
wkï‡`i wkÿv Kvh©µg †_‡K weiZ ivLv 6.6 5.8 6.0
Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri mÜvb 15.9 13.3 15.0
cwiev‡ii AwaK msL¨K †jvK‡K Kv‡Ri mÜv‡b evB‡i †cÖiY 4.8 3.5 5.0
e¨vsK A_ev GbwRI †_‡K FY MÖnY 34.2 28.0 33.0
eÜz Ges AvZ¥xq-¯^R‡bi KvQ †_‡K FY MÖnY 35.5 29.4 34.0
AwMÖg kªg wewµ 5.9 4.5 6.0
m~Ît Moniruzzaman, 2009
cÖwZeÜKZv `~ixKi‡Y KiYxq mg~n A_ev mycvwikgvjvt
1| cÖK…Z myweav‡fvMx wPwýZKiY I mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi †mevmg~n †cŠuQv‡bvt
myweav†fvMx wbe©vP‡bi †ÿ‡Î A‡bK¸wj c×wZ Abymib Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i D`vniY ¯^iæc- Rwgi gvwjKvbv, AÂj (Lv`¨
wbivcËv gvÎv †f‡`), Community AskMÖnY (Participation) Ges `wi`ªZvi gvÎv BZ¨vw`| Rwgi gvwjKvbvi wfwˇZ
mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi myweav‡fvMx wbe©vPb Kiv n‡j cÖK…Z myweav‡fvMx wbe©vPb m¤¢e (World Bank, 2006)| me‡P‡q
fvj nq A‡bK¸wj c×wZ GKm‡½ Abymib Ki‡Z cvi‡j h_v- `vwi ª gvbwPÎ, cÖvK…wZK ~‡h©vMc~Y© AÂj, Rwgi gvwjKvbv,
Community AskMÖnY c~e©K| G‡¶‡Î hw` miKvix wbR¯ KvVv‡gvi mwnZ †emiKvix Dbœqb ms¯’vi g‡a¨ mgšq mvab Kiv
m¤¢e nq Zvn‡j mvgvwRK wbivcËv ej‡qi myweav†fvMx wbe©vP‡bi Kvh©KvixZv A‡bKvs‡k e„w× cv‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq|
me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq n‡jv, hv‡`i Rb¨ GB mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eôbx Kg©m~Px Zv‡`i cÖwZwbwaZ¡ hw` wewfbœ ch©v‡q (bxwZ
wba©vib, cwiKíbv cÖbqb, myweavfyMx wPwüZ Kib I ev Íevqb) wbwðZ Kiv hvq Z‡e mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi AvIZvq
wewfbœ †mevmgyn e›U‡bi †¶‡Î mgm¨v¸wj A‡bKLvbx mgvavb n‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq| Z‡e ïaygvÎ cÖK…Z myweav‡fvMx wPwýZ
25
Ki‡j n‡e bv, Zv‡`i Kv‡Q myweavmg~n cÖ‡qvRb I mgq gvwdK †cŠuQv‡Z n‡e| GB cÖwµqvq mdjZv Avbq‡b Kvh©Kix
ZË¡veavqb cÖwZwU †ÿ‡Î (RvZxq, wefvM, †Rjv, Dc‡Rjv, BDwbqb I IqvW© ch©v‡q) my-wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
2| ÿgZv we‡K›`ªxqKiY I ev Íevqb cÖwµqvq myweav‡fvMx‡`i AskMÖnY wbwðZKiYt
AZ¨šÍ Avkvi welq †h, evsjv‡`k miKvi mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevq‡b we‡K›`ªxKi‡Yi c`‡ÿc MÖnY K‡i‡Q|
eZ©gv‡b †ek wKQz mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~wP ev Íevq‡bi `vwqZ¡ ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZwbwai Kv‡Q Ac©b K‡i‡Q GgbwK ¯’vbxq
MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³eM©‡KI GB cÖwµqvi AšÍf~©³ K‡i‡Q| Z_vwc `yb©xwZ I ¯^RbcÖxwZi Awf‡hvM n‡Z gy³ n‡Z cv‡i wb| ZvB GB
e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwµqvq hw` cÖK…Z myweav cvIqvi †hvM¨ e¨w³‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡K 1/2 Rb cÖwZwbwa wb‡q Avmv hvq Z‡e mdjZv
wKQzUv n‡jI evo‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq| GB cÖwµqvq KwgDwbwU cÖwZwbwa AšÍf~©‡³i Rb¨ †Kqvi evsjv‡`k Gi wf.wW.wm
G‡cªvP (VDC Approach) MÖnY Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e we‡K›`ªxKiY cÖwµqvq BDwbqb cwil`‡K AwaK Kvh©Kix Ki‡Z
n‡e, GZ&`m‡½ BDwbqb cwil‡`i ÷¨vwÛs KwgwU I IqvW© mfv‡K MwZkxj Ki‡Z n‡e|
3| Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡b mgšqnxbZv `~ixKiYt
Av‡jvP¨ cÖe‡Ü †h welqwU me‡P‡q Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q †mwU nj mgšqnxbZvi Afve| mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡bi
mv‡_ RwoZ wewfbœ wefvM I cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ mgšqnxbZv ~ixKi‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ Kg©m~Px¸wj‡K cybwe©b¨vm c~e©K †h wefvM ev
gš¿Yvjq me©v‡cÿv Kg©m~Pxi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© Zvi nv‡Z `vwqZ¡ m¤ú~Y©fv‡e b¨¯Í Ki‡Z n‡e| D`vniY¯iƒc- `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv
gš¿Yvjq cÖvK…wZK `y‡hv©‡Mi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Kg©m~Px¸wj ev Íevqb Ki‡e, Z‡e gš¿Yvjq Zvi cÖ‡qvR‡b Ab¨ gš¿Yvjq/wefvM
GgbwK GB wel‡q AwfÁ ‡emiKvix ms¯’vi mvnvh¨ wb‡Z cv‡i| me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq nj, gš¿Yvjq‡K Kg©m~Px ev Íevq†b
ú~Y© ¯^vaxbZv w`‡Z n‡e | D‡jøL¨ †h, ïaygvÎ cyY©web¨vm Ki‡j n‡ebv wewfbœ gš¿Yvjq/wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ AšÍt I AvšÍt ms‡hvM
e„w×i gva¨‡g mgšqnxbZv `~i Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL¨ †h, †h‡nZz ‡ewkifvM Kg©m~wP BDwbqb ch©v‡q ev Íevqb n‡q
_v‡K †m‡nZz BDwbqb cwil`‡K g~j †K›`ª we‡ePbv c~e©K mKj Kg©m~wPi mgšqg~jK GKwU cixÿY, ch©‡eÿb, we‡kølb, I
ZË¡veavqb mywbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
4| Kvh©Kwi ZË¡veav‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnYt
†h‡Kvb Kg©m~wPi mdjZv wbf©i K‡i Zvi h_vh_ Z`viwKi Dci| Kv‡RB mvgvwRK wbicËv ‡eóbx Kg©m~Pxi ev¯Íevqb
cÖwµqvq ZË¡veavqb I Z`viwK my-wbwðZ Kiv Avï cÖ‡qvRb| D‡jøL¨ †h, miKvi G j‡ÿ¨ GKwU D”P ch©v‡qi KwgwU MVb
K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ ïaygvÎ KwgwU MVbB h‡_ó bq, Gi h_vh_ e¨envi my-wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| m‡e©vcwi GB Z`viwK I ZË¡veavqb
cÖwµqvq KwgDwbwUi AskMÖn‡Yi e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡j djvdj fvj cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| Avev‡iv ej‡Z nq †h, BDwbqb
cwil`‡K Kvh©Kwi c`‡ÿc wb‡Z n‡e| wbËvšÍB hviv cÖK…Zc‡ÿ myweav ewÂZ Zviv †hb Zv‡`i Awf‡hvM¸wj h_vh_
KZ…©c‡ÿi Kv‡Q Dc ’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i †m e¨e¯’v wb‡Z n‡e|
5| Lv`¨ Drcv`b e„w× I Lv`¨ wbivcËv wbwðZKiYt
Lv`¨ wbivcËv wbwðZKi‡Yi c~e©kZ© nj, Lv`¨ Drcv`b I mieivn e„w× Kiv| Z‡e ïaygvÎ `vbv`vi Lv`¨km¨ bq eis Avwgl
RvZxq Lv`¨ (kvKmewR, djg~j, gvQ, gvsm, wWg BZ¨vw`) Drcv`b e„w×i j‡ÿ¨ AvaywbK K…wl cÖhyw³i e¨envi I bZzb bZzb
cÖvK…wZK `~‡h©vM mnbkxj RvZ D™¢veb Ki‡Z n‡e| K…wl wkÿv I M‡elYvq miKvi‡K Av‡iv ‡ewk g‡bv‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e| GKB
m‡½ cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡M ÿwZMÖ¯Í K…lK‡`i km¨ exgvi AvIZvq wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e A_ev exgv †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡K km¨ exgvi cªwZ
AvMÖnx K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ cÖ‡Yv`bv (Incentive) w`‡Z n‡e| Lv`¨g~j¨ e„w×RwbZ msKU DËi‡b mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi
cwiwa I cwigvY e„w× mn Zv `ªæZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GQvov eZ©gv‡b cÖYxZ bZzb K…wl bxwZ (New Agricultural
Policy) Av‡ivI hy‡Mvc‡hvMx Ki‡Z n‡e|
6| cÖvK…wZK `~‡hv©M c~Y© GjvKvq we‡kl g‡bv‡hvM cÖ`vbt
evsjv‡`‡k cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡Mi ZxeªZv I cwigvY AÂj‡f‡` wfbœZv ‡`Lv hvq| myZivs cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMc~Y© GjvKv¸wj‡K my-
¯úófv‡e wPýZKiY c~e©K mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~Pxi cwigvY I cwiwa e„w× Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e ïaygvÎ cÖvK…wZK
`y‡h©vM DËi my‡hvM-myweav cÖ`vb bv K‡i eis cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM †_‡K iÿvi Rb¨ A_ev cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡M ÿwZi gvÎv Kgv‡bvi
Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v wb‡Z n‡e (mwVK c~e©vfvm cÖ`vb I cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMc~Y© GjvKvq AeKvVv‡gv Dbœqb BZ¨vw`)|
26
7| wj‡K‡Ri gvÎv Kgv‡bvt
wj‡KR wØZxq avc hv wKbv Lv`¨ cwienY I e›U‡bi gva¨‡g n‡q _v‡K| Zv ~ixKi‡Yi Rb¨ A_© weZiY‡K (Cash
Transfer) AwaK ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e Lv`¨ weZi‡Yi Zzjbvq| GKB m‡½ A_© weZi‡Y eZ©gv‡b †h A¯”QZv we`¨gvb Zv ~i
Kivi Rb¨ h_vh_ ZË¡veavb I Z`viwK Ki‡Z n‡e| e›Ub cÖwµqvq AwaK ga¨mË¡‡fvMx _vKvq wj‡K‡Ri mv‡_ mv‡_ e¨qI
e„w× cvq| myZivs cÖ‡qvRbvwZwi³ ga¨mË¡‡fvMx‡K GB e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwµqv †_‡K miv‡bvi c`‡ÿc wb‡Z n‡e|
8| mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx eivÏ I AvIZv e„w×t
ïaygvÎ Aby`vbg~jK Kg©Kv‡Ûi g‡a¨ mxgve× bv †_‡K Avq ea©b g~jK Kvh©µg‡K AviI DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i
fz³‡fvMxiv µgvš‡q ¯^vej¤^x n‡Z cv‡i| G j‡ÿ¨ GjvKvwfwËK `vwi‡ ªi gvÎvi Dci wfwË K‡i mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx
AvIZvq eiv‡Ïi cwigvY evov‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| we‡kl K‡i bZzb bZzb Avqea©bg~jK Kg©m~Px MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
9| Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevq‡b ¯^”QZvt
¯^”QZv Avbq‡b ZË¡veavqb Acixnvh© Avevi A‡bK †ÿ‡Î ZË¡veavq‡Ki ZË¡veavqb cÖ‡qvRb| mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Px
AvIZvfz³ myweav‡fvMx†`i WvUv‡eR (Database) bv _vKvq ïaygvÎ ZË¡veavqb w`‡q ¯”QZv wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e bq| G Rb¨
cvBjU AvKv‡i M„nxZ WvUv‡eR (Database) ˆZixi c`‡ÿc‡K RvZxq ch©v‡q DbœwZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GKB m‡½ WvUv‡eR-G
(Database) hv‡Z †Kvb Am½wZ bv _v‡K †mwU wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| cybivq ej‡Z nq †h, BDwbqb cwil`‡K Kg©m~wP
ev Íevq‡bi mKj Z_¨ I DcvË h_vh_fv‡e msiÿ‡Yi e¨e¯’v wb‡Z n‡e|
10| ivR‰bwZK mw`”Qvt
miKvi ev miKvi cwiPvjbvq hviv `vwq‡Z¡ _v‡Kb Zv‡`i mw`”Qvi Dc‡iB A‡bKLvwb wbf©i K‡i mvgvwRK wbivcËv Kg©m~Pxi
ev Íevqb| miKvi hw` Kg©m~Pxmg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖK…Z c‡ÿ Kwg‡UW (Comitted) nq Z‡e cÖe‡Ü Av‡jvwPZ †ewki fvM
mgm¨vi mgvavb Kiv m¤¢e| we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL¨ †h, mw`”Qv A‡bKLvwb wbf©i K‡i bxwZ, ˆbwZKZv I b¨vqcivqbZvi Dci|
D‡jøL _v‡K †h, Kg©m~wP¸‡jvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wbwi‡L miKvi cwieZ©‡bi c‡iI †hb Kg©m~wP¸wj Pvjy ivL‡Z n‡e|
11| cÖPvi I cÖPviYvt
GLb ch©šÍ miKvwi I †emiKvix D‡Ï¨v‡M mvgvwRK wbivcËv ejvq Gi Aax‡b hZ¸wj Kg©m~Px †bIqv n‡q†Q Ges Kg©m~Px
ev Íevq‡b ‡h Kg©‡KŠkj wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv mK‡jB AeMZ bq, we‡kl K‡i `wi ªcÖxwoZ Rb‡Mvôx| mvsweavwbKfv‡e
¯^xK…Z Z‡_¨i AwaKvi (Access to Information) wbwðZK‡í wewfbœ ai‡bi MYgva¨‡gi (Print and Electronic
media) mnvqZvq Zv Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖPvi I cÖPviYvi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
Dcmsnvit
evsjv‡`‡ki g‡Zv Dbœqbkxj †`‡k mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx gZ Kg©m~Pxi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ab¯^xKvh©| cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi welqwU
we‡ePbvq †i‡L evsjv‡`k miKvi, `vZv ms¯’v, †emiKvix Dbœqb ms¯’v GB Kg©m~Px¸wj ev Íevq‡b KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|
djkÖæwZ‡Z wKQz wKQz †ÿ‡Î (`wi ª we‡gvPb I Lv`¨ wbivcËv) mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~Pxi jÿ¨ AR©‡b mdjZv
G‡m‡Q| wKš‘ ytLRbK n‡jI mZ¨ †h, Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡b Ae¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ Avkvbyiæc mdjZv AR©‡b e¨_© n‡q‡Q | GB
Ae¨e¯’vcbvi A‡bK¸wj Kvi‡Yi g‡a¨- mgšqnxbZv myweav‡fvMx wbe©vP‡b Am”QZv, ivR‰bwZK mw`”Qvi Afve I m‡e©vcwi
Kvh©Kvix ZË¡veavqb/ch©‡eÿ‡bi Afve‡K `vqx Kiv nq| myZivs Kg©m~Px ev Íevq‡b Ae¨e¯’vcbv `~ixKi‡Y hw` miKvix wbR¯
KvVv‡gvi mv‡_ †emiKvix Dbœqb ms¯’vi g‡a¨ mgšq mvab Kiv m¤¢e nq Zvn‡j mvgvwRK wbivcËv ej‡qi Kvh©KvixZv e„w×
cv‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq| mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbx Kg©m~wP ev Íevq‡bi cÖvY‡K›`ª BDwbqb cwil‡`i Kvh©KvwiZv/MwZkxjZv
e„w×i gva¨‡g ev Íevqb cÖwµqv‡K AviI mymsnZ Kiv m¤¢e | me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq n‡jv, hv‡`i Rb¨ GB mvgvwRK wbivcËv
†eóbxi Kg©m~Px Zv‡`i cÖwZwbwaZ¡ hw` wewfbœ ch©v‡q (bxwZ wba©vib, cwiKíbv cÖbqb, myweav‡fvMx wPwüZ Kib I ev Íevqb)
wbwðZ Kiv hvq Z‡e mvgvwRK wbivcËv †eóbxi AvIZvq wewfbœ †mevmgyn ev Íevq‡bi †¶‡Î mgm¨v¸wj A‡bKLvbx mgvavb
n‡e | cÖK…Z c‡¶ f~³f~Mxivq me‡P‡q fvj Rv‡bb mgm¨vi hš¿Yv KZ| KweÕi fvlvq ej‡Z †M‡j ej‡Z nq-
wK hvZbv we‡l, eywS‡e †m wK‡m, Kf~ Avlx we‡k, `s‡kwb hv‡i|
27
Z_¨m~Î (References)
BRAC, (2008). “Small Scale Old Age and Widow Allowance for the Poor in Rural Bangladesh:
An Evaluation”. BRAC/RED. Research Monograph Series No. 36.
GoB, (2004). “Implementation Guideline of Widow Allowance Programme, Directorate of
Women Affairs, Ministry of Women & Child Affairs.
Government of Bangladesh (2005). “Unlocking Potentials. The Report on Poverty Reduction
Strategy”, Dhaka. Planning Commission.
Maniruzzaman, M. (2009). “Management of Selected Social Safety Net Programmes in the
Vulnerable Charlands of Bangladesh”, Center for Agriresearch and Sustainable
Environment & Entrepreneurship Development (CASEED) and Cinishpur Dipsikha
Mohila Somiti (CDMS).
World Bank. (2008). Poverty Assessment for Bangladesh: Creating Opportunities and Bridging
the East-West Divide”, World Bank Bangladesh Development Series, Paper No.2.
Rahman M.W. and L. Parvin (2009). Impact of Irrigation on Food Security in Bangladesh for the
Past Three Decades" the Journal of Water Resource and Protection , 1(3): 216-225. DOI:
10.4236/jwarp.2009.13027 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jwarp/)
Rahman, M. W. and Jianchao Luo (2011). Policies and Performances of Agricultural/Rural
Credit in Bangladesh: what is the influence on agricultural production? Afr. Jr. of Agril.
Res., 6 (31): 6440-52. DOI: 10.5897/AJAR11.1575.
Zohir, S. et al., (2010), Strengthening Social Safety Nets for Mitigating Adverse Impacts of Food
Crisis in Bangladesh, Economic Research Group, Dhaka
World Bank (2006). The World Bank.2006. Social Safety Nets in Bangladesh: An Assessment.
Bangladesh Development Series-Paper No. 9. Dhaka.
HIES, (2010). Household Income and Expenditure Survey-2010, Bangladesh Bureau of
Statistics,. Dhaka: Bangladesh.
Pradhan M.A.H, J. Sulaiman and S. Mohd (2012). Social Safety Nets and Poverty Reduction in
Bangladesh, PhD disseratation, University Sians Malaysia.
Ahmed S.S. (2005), Delivery Mechanism of Cash Transfer Programs to the Poor in Bangladesh,
Social Protection Discussion Paper 0520, The World Bank
Akash, 2012
BBS (2012). Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh2012, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics,. Dhaka:
Bangladesh.
Economic Reiew (2012). Bangladesh Economic Review, The People’s Republic of Bangladesh,
Dhaka, Bangladesh.
FAO, (2013). Food Security Policy Brief, Strengtheeing the impact of povety reduction on
nutrition, NFPCSP, Food and Agricultural Organization, Ministry of Food, Dhaka,
Bangladesh.
MOF, (2012). Bangladesh Food Situation Report December, 2012, Ministry of Food, Dhaka,
Bangladesh
Bangali sources
Dbœqb mgšq, 2012
: : ...
:
:
28
Annex 2: Workshop Schedule
†Kqvi evsjv‡`k
Ò‡mŠnv`©¨- IIÓ Kg©m~Px
gqgbwmsn AÂj
ÔÔeevvssjjvv‡‡`‡‡kk mmvvggvvwwRRKK wwbbiivvccËËvv ‡‡eeóóbbxx KKgg©©mmyyPPxx eevv¯ÍÍeevvqq‡‡bb wwee`¨ggvvbb eevvaavvmmgg~~nn II DDËËii‡‡YY KKiiYYxxqqÕÕ kkxxll©©KK KKgg©©kkvvjjvv
ZvwiL : 18 †g,2013
¯’vb : AvmcvWv cÖwk¶Y †K› ª, w`MviKv›`v , gqgbwmsn
mgq welq mnvqK/AskMÖnYKvix
mKvj 09:15 wg. - 09: 30 wgwbU ‡iwR‡óªkY I cwiPqce© mnvqK-†Kqvi evsjv‡`k
mKvj 09:30 wg. – 10:00 wgwbU D‡™¢vabx ce©
G GBP Gg †jvKgvb, Dc-cwiPvjK-¯’vbxq
miKvi (DcmwPe), gqgbwmsn
BKevj†nv‡mb Lvb, GWfvBRvi wRIwe
wjqv‡Rvb,†Kqvi evsjv‡`k
mv‡R`v †eMg AvÂwjK mgšqKvix, †Kqvi
evsjv‡`k, gqgbwmsn
‡gv: AvBqye,†nW Ae wdì Acv‡ikb,
GdGmBDwc-wK‡kviMÄ
mKvj 10:00 wg: - 10:30 wgwbU Kg©kvjvi D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv gbRyi ikx`-b‡jR g¨v‡bR‡g›U †Kv-
AwW‡bUi,†Kqvi evsjv‡`k, XvKv
mKvj 10:30 wg: - 11:15 wgwbU wbivcvËv †eôbx msµvšÍ g~j cÖeÜ
Dc¯’vcbv
W. †gv: IqvwKjyi ingvb
mn‡hvMx cÖ‡dmi, MÖvgxY mgvRweÁvb wefvM,
evsjv‡`k K…wl wek¦we`¨vjq,gqgbwmsn|
mKvj 11:15 wg:- 11: 30 wgwbU Pv weiwZ
mKvj 11:30 wg:- ycyi 01:00 wgwbU
wbivcvËv †eóbx msµvšÍ g~j
cÖe‡Üi Ici c¨v‡bj
Av‡jvPK‡`i Av‡jvPbv
BKevj†nv‡mb Lvb, GWfvBRvi wRIwe
wjqv‡Rvb,†Kqvi evsjv‡`k
gyn¤§` iwdKzj nK, Dc-cwiPvjK , mgvR‡mev
Awa`ßi, gqgbwmsn
G.Gm.Gg. †Mvjvg nv‡dR
mn‡hvMx Aa¨vcK, GMwiKvjPvivj dvBbvÝ wefvM,
evsjv‡`k K…wl wek¦we`¨vjq,gqgbwmsn|
`ycyi 01:00 wg: - `ycyi 02:00 wg: `ycy‡ii Lvevi I bvgv‡Ri weiwZ
`ycyi 02:00 wg:-03:30 wgwbU wbivcËv †eóbx msµvšÍ ~j cÖe‡Üi
Ici cÖvmw½K gy³ Av‡jvPbv m¤§vwbZ AskMÖnYKvixMY
weKvj 03:30 wg: -04:00 wgwbU Kg©kvjvi mycvwik
mwbœ‡ewkZKiY/mvims‡ÿcKiY
gbRyi ikx`-b‡jR g¨v‡bR‡g›U †Kv-AwW‡bUi,†Kqvi
evsjv‡`k, XvKv
weKvj 04:00 wgwbU-04: 15 wgwbU mgvcbx ---------------
29
Press released in a local news paper named the Daily Swadesh Sangbad on 20 May,13
Annex 3: Press Coverage
30
Annex 4: Participants list of the Safety net workshop
Sl. Name of participants Designation Participate from 1. Monjur Rashid
KMC CBHQ
2. Iqbal Hossain Khan Advisor-GoB CBHQ
3. Saifuddin Ahmed TC-Advocacy CBHQ
4. Marium Ul Mutahara L&Doc.Manager, COVAW CBHQ
5. Asafuzzaman Audio Visual Officer CBHQ
6. Soman Moodley Intern CBHQ
7. Sajeda Begum RC CARE MRO
8. Md. Abdul Alim RPM-RO CARE MRO
9. Sk. Kamrul Hossain RPM-JHO CARE MRO
10. Md. Rafiqul Islam RPM-SFO CARE MRO
11. Tamiz Uddin Ahmed RTM CARE MRO
12. Kamrunnaber TM-Emp. CARE MRO
13. Mitu Rani Chowdhury FS-GTO CARE MRO
14. Mrinal Kanti Chakraborty FS-ITO CARE MRO
15. Harunur Rashid PO-DTO CARE MRO
16. Albin Sowarish PO-JHO CARE MRO
17. Ali A. Mahfuz PO-HTO CARE MRO
18. Khalada Khatun PO-RO CARE MRO
19. Poritosh Kumer Roy PSO-RO CARE MRO
20. Masud Alam Khan Team Leader FSUP KFO
21. Md. Ayub Khan Head of Operations FSUP KFO
22. Md. Tayeb Ali Pramanic PM-Kishoregonj FSUP KFO
23. Md. Abdul Malek Khan PM-Netrakona FSUP KFO
24. Rawshan Rahman
TC-Advocacy &
Governance FSUP KFO
31
25. Abu Sufian
In-charge (Head of
T.Support) FSUP KFO
26. Md. Masuduzzaman Hayder FC-POPI FSUP KFO
27. Md. Golam Mostafa FC-SUS FSUP KFO
28.
Md. Abdul Haq Fakir
UP
Chair.,Sutarpara,Karimgonj-
Kishoregonj GoB of FSUP
29. Md. Shafiqul Islam
UP Chairman, Gundhar UP
-Karimgonj- Kishoregonj GoB of FSUP
30. Md. Rafiqul Islam Murad
UP Chairman, Tetulia UP,
Mohonjonj-Netrokona GoB of FSUP
31. Golam Abu Ishak
UP Chairman, kaliajhuri
Sadar UP-Netrakona GoB of FSUP
32. Iftekhar Alam Chowdury Azad
UP ChairmanGobindosri
UP, Modon- Netrakona GoB of FSUP
33. Md. Shajahan Bhuiyan UP Chairman Mohespur, Iswargonj, MRO
34. Md. Ferdousur Rahman UP Chairman Paikurati, Dharampasha, MRO
35. Md. Shafiqul Islam UP Chairman Austadhar,Sadar,Mymensingh
36. Md. Abdur Rashid Mondol UP Chairman Dandhara,Dewangonj,Jamalpur
37. Monir Uddin Nishat PM-SARA Haluaghat
38. Probir Kumar Das PM-POPI Mymensingh
39. Md. Rafiqul Islam PM-DAM Mymensingh
40. Sanwar H. Khan Pathan PM-SUS Dharampasha
41. Md. Anwar H. Chowdhury PM-ASD Sunamgonj
42. Mustashim Billah PM-US Jamalpur
43. Arifun Naher TO-SARA Haluaghat
44. Monmath Goswami TO-POPI Mymensingh
45. Md. Lutfor Rahman TO-DAM Mymensingh
46. Rekha Rani Chakroborty TO-SUS Dharampasha
47. Shahjahan Siraj TO-ASD Sunamgonj
48. Khayeronnesa Sarker TO-US Jamalpur
49. VDC-SUS Dharampasha
32
50. Ms. Tahura Khatun VDC-SARA Haluaghat
51. VDC-POPI Mymensingh
52. Abdus Sattar
Upazila Agriculture Officer-
,Nandail,USCC Member Nandail
53. Syla Yeasmin
UNO, Gouripur,USCC
Member Gouripur
54. AHM Lokman DD-LG,(Dy Commissioner) Mymensingh
55. Mohammad Rafiqul Haque DD-Social Welfare Mymensingh
56. Md. Rabiul Haque DD-Youth Development Mymensingh
