KEY & TERMINATION KEY & TERMINATION

DIMENSIONS OF ORAL DIMENSIONS OF ORAL COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

Articulatory

Acoustic Auditory

Vibration of vocal folds

Fundamental frequency

Pitch

Physical effort

Amplitude (intensity)

Loudness

Timing of movements

Time duration Length

Cauldwell and Allan (1998)

Relative pitch level and pitch movement

Factors affecting the pitch

1- Idiosincratic (physical conditions, sex, age)

2- Socio-cultural (social or cultural constraints)

3- Emotional (feelings and moods)

SYSTEM OF PITCH MOVEMENT

Tone Symbol Shape

Falling p

Rising r +

Rise-fall p+

Fall-rise r

Level o

The pitch level on the onset syllable determines the KEY of the tonic segment.

The pitch level of the tonic syllable represents a independently meaningful system: TERMINATION.

KEY TERMINATION

High Mid // p it’s JUSTJUST starting to RAINRAIN//Low

THE KEY SYSTEM

PITCH LEVEL MEANING EXAMPLE

High Key Contrastive ( A not B)

LOST//p he GAMbled // p and //

Mid Key Additive (A + B)//p he GAMbled// p and LOST//

Low Key Equative (A = B)//p he GAMbled// p and // LOST

KEY TERMINATIONHigh Mid // p it’s JUST starting to RAIN //Low

High JUST RAINMid // p it’s starting to //Low

High Mid // p it’s starting to //Low JUST RAIN

(this is the best technique that could be used)

1. //r to enTICE people// r to enCOURage// p to COME along and preSENT themselves//

2. //r to enTICE people// r to en age// COURp to COME along and preSENT themselves//

COUR3. //r to enTICE people// r to en age// p to COME along and preSENT themselves//

A. // r I should think // p its time to STOP//

B. // p YES // p you’re RIGHT// p its JUST FIVE//

B. // p YES // r+ well if THAT’S what you THINK //p we WILL //

B. // p YES // p i aGREE// r its NO use OVERdoing it//

THE TERMINATION SYSTEM

Key Termination

Meaning Example

High

High Expectation on the part of the speaker of a contrastive answer: yes/no.

THINK LAR A: //p do you this one ger//

YESB: //p //

High Mid Pressure from the speaker for a favourable response by the other interlocutor.

THINK A: //p do you this ones LARGer//

P: //p YES//

Mid High Expectation on the part of the speaker of a contrastiveanswer: yes/no.

LAR A: //p do you THINK this ones ger//

YESB: //p //

Mid Mid Pressure from the speaker for a favourable response by the other interlocutor.

A: //p do you THINK this ones LARGer//

B: //p YES//

Mid Low The speaker imposes little orno constraint on the next turn taker .

//r + and the QUEStion i want to

PUT to you is//p DO we NEED//p

an INcome icy//

POL

Low Mid Pressure from the speaker for a favourable response by the other interlocutor.

A: //p do you this onesLARGer// THINK

B //p YES//

Low Low The speaker imposes little or no constraint on the next turn taker

//r+ and the QUEStion i want to

PUT

to you is//p DO we NEED//p an

come icy//

IN POL