KETOGENIC DIET : BODY WEIGHT MAINTENANCE EFFECTIVITY
25
KETOGENIC DIET : BODY WEIGHT MAINTENANCE EFFECTIVITY Tutor 2
Transcript of KETOGENIC DIET : BODY WEIGHT MAINTENANCE EFFECTIVITY
KETOGENIC DIET : BODY WEIGHT MAINTENANCE EFFECTIVITY
Tutor 2
Outlines
1. Definition and History of Ketogenic Diet
2. Ketogenic Diet variations
3. Physiology of Ketosis
4. How To Diet In Ketogenic Way ?
5. Changes of body composition in KD
6. KD’s Effect related to Body Weight Loss
7. Conclusion
Definition of Ketogenic Diet
Ketogenic Diet Definition
Fat
Carbohydrate
Neal (2012)
History related to Ketogenic Diet
History related to Ketogenic Diet
5 BC
Fasting to
reduce seizure
1921
Ketogenic diet
was developed
by Wilder
1971
Ketogenic diet
medium chain
triglyceride
(MCT) was
invented
2017
Gupta et. al:
KD used to
treat diabetes,
obesity, and
other
metabolic
syndrome
Ketogenic Diet (KD) Variations
Classical KD
Medium Chain Triglyceride (MCT) KD
Low Glycemic Index Treatment (LGIT) KD
Modified Atkins Diet (MAD)
Physiology of ketosis
Keton Bodies
Products that resulted from free fat acid break down in the liver
Energy sources to substitute glucose
Reduce glucose production in the liver
Deliver message to other tissues in the body to use fat as
energy sources
Functions
(Source: Tortora, 2011)
Factors Affecting The Used of
Energy Sources
Quantity of nutrients
consumptionHormone
Liver Glycogen Enzyme
(McDonald, 1998)
HOW TO DIET IN KETOGENIC WAY ?
Warning !
Beta-oxidation defects
Diabetes Mellitus
Hypertension
Gastroesophageal reflux
Dysphagia
Medically diagnosed eating disorder
Allergies
Comparison of Types of Ketogenic Diet
Comparison
Classical
Ketogenic
Diet
MCT KetogenicDiet
LGIT KetogenicDiet
MAD
Fat Consumption 90%
73% (30-60% MCT)
60% 65%
ProteinConsumption 6% 10% 30% 35%
CarbsConsumption 4% 17% 10% 5%
Changes of body composition
Water
Water
Water
Glycogen Deuretic Effect
KD’s Effect related to Body Weight Loss
KD’s Effect related to Body Weight Loss
KD’s Effect related to Body Weight Loss
(Paoli, 2014)
Reduced lipogenesis, increased lipolysis
Higher metabolic efficiency
Higher cost of gluconeogenesis and protein thermic effect
Decreased appetite due to ketone bodies production
Thermic Effect
Fat
Carbohydrates
Protein
“The caloric cost of digesting and processing different macronutrients in your diet”
20-35%
5-15%
5%
(Paoli, 2014)
KD’s Effect related to Body Weight Loss
Gluconeogenesis cost
KD’s Effect related to Body Weight Loss
ghrelin
leptin
Appetite suppressed
Take-Home Messages
• Apart from weight loss, it is important to consider effect of KD on:a. Body composition changeb. Potential negative effect of KD towards vital organsc. Glucose metabolism change
• From a long term perspective on the success of KD, fewer data are available
-Thank you-
QnADoes KD has low intake of protein as well?
No, because KD have different ratio of macronutrients, based on individual needs
Is KD safe for epileptic person?
KD is designed for them, so the main goal is to decrease seizure. It can also give weight loss. But they also have to consult with dietician.
When we consume less carbs, insulin decrease as well. Does the insulin rise again when we stop KD?
Yes, because when someone undergo KD, body will be more sensitive of glucose. But when KD is stopped, the insulin will rise again.
