Kelompok 2 - Maintainability, Realability Dan Quality

5/26/2018 Kelompok 2 - Maintainability, Realability Dan Quality

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Maintainability,

Realability dan QualityOleh : M. Abdito, Teuku Gaisha A dan Tommy Novianto


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Maintainability,


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Maintainability References

Systems Engineering and AnalysisBenjamin S. Blanchard and Walter J. FabryckyPrentice Hall, 3rd edition 1998, ISBN 0-13-135047-1

Maintainability Principles and PracticesBenjamin S. Blanchard and E. Edward Lowery

McGraw-Hill

MIL-STD-470 Maintainability Programs for Systems and Equipment

MIL-STD-471 Maintainability Verification / Demonstration / Evaluation

MIL-HDBK-472 Maintainability Prediction


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Objective of Maintainability

Design and develop systems/equipment which can be maintained

in the least time, at the least cost, and with a minimum expenditure of

support resources, without adversely affecting the item performance orsafety characteristics

Maintainability greatly influences reliability and availability of a system or

subsystem.

Maintainability must be addressed early in the design stage to prevent or reduce

failure or down times of the system.


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Maintenance and Design

1) The systems design determines its requirements for maintenance

Reliability (How often maintenance)

Configuration (How much time for access)

Built in Test (Fault Isolation Time)

Subassembly life span (Inspection/forced replacement)

Adjustment/alignment requirements (Inspection)

Capacity/fill rate (Servicing)

Corrosion susceptibility (Inspection/repair)


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Maintainability Definitions

Maintainability is an inherent design characteristic of a system or product andit pertains to the ease, accuracy, safety, and economy in the performance of

maintenance actions.

Maintainability is the probability that afailedsystem will be restored to

specified performance withina stated period of time when maintainedunder

specified conditions


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Maintainability Metrics Times

MTTR : Mean Time to Repair

T5o% : Median Time to Repair

TMAX : Maximum Time to Repair

(usually 95thpercentile

LDT : Logistics Delay Time

SDT : Supply Delay Time

MDT : Mean Down Time

DTM : Down Time for Maintenance

DTS : Down Time For Supply

Events

MTBM : Mean Time Between Maintenance

MTTPM : Mean Time to Preventive Maintenance MTBPM : Mean Time Between Preventive Maintenance

Manpower

CS : Crew Size

MMH/FH : Man-hours per flight hour

Diagnostics

FD : Fault Detection

FI : Fault Isolation

FA : False Alarms


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Total

TimeInactive

TimeActive

Time

Up

Time

Not Operating

Time

Alert

Time

Inactive

Time

Down

Time

Maintenance

Time

Modification

Time

Delay

Time

Correc

Mainten

Tim

Preven

Mainten

Tim

Supp

Dela

Tim

Adminis

Dela

Tim

System Time Relationships


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Maintenance Categories

Maintenance

Preventive Maintenance(retain item functionality)

Corrective Maintenance(reestablish item functionality)

Test of all relevant

functions,

Inspect to detect hidden

failures

Service to replace

consumablesActivities to compensate for

drift and

to reduce wear out failures

Overhaul to increase useful

life

Time Change

Prognostics health

management: monitor and

repair before failure

Failure detection

Failure isolation

Repair

Functional test


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Maintenance Definitions

Maintenance:

All actions necessary for retaining an item in, or restoring it to, a serviceablecondition

Includes servicing, repair, modification, overhaul, inspection, and conditionverification

Maintenance categories:

1. Preventive Maintenance

Maintenance performed to retain an item in satisfactory operational condition by providing systeminspection, detection and prevention of incipient failures, overhaul, lubrication, calibration, etc

Prescribe procedures to reduce the probability of failure or degradation

2. Corrective Maintenance Initiated after fault detection

To Regain state of system for performing required function


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Detection

Preparation forMaintenance

Location andIsolation

Disassembly(Access)

Removal ofFault Item

Re-assembly

Alignmentand Adjustment

ConditionVerification

or

Repair ofEquipment

Installation ofSpare/Repair Part

Failure Occurs

Failure Confirmed

Active Maintenance Commences

Faulty Item Identified

Disassembly Complete

Re-assembly Complete

Repair Completed

Corrective Maintenance Cycle


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Realability


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Reliability

Apakah reliability itu?

kehandalan

peluang sebuah komponen, sub-sistem atau sistem melakukan fungsinya

dengan baik, seperti yang dipersyaratkan, dalam kurun waktu tertentu dandalam kondisi operasi tertentu pula.


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Reliability mengandung komponen peluang, maka sec

inheren didalamnya Ada masalah statistik, seperti:

1. Uncertainty2. Probability

3. Probability Distributions

Namun paling sering berhubungan adalah dengan ma

Probabilitas

Teori teori probabilitas banyak digunakan dalam hub

Reliability.


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Karena mengandung komponen melakukan

fungsi dengan baik, maka didalamnya secara

inheren pula terdapat faktor kegagalan sistem.

Sebab peluang kegagalan dari sebuah mesin (misalnyaadalah kebalikan dari peluang kehandalannya seperti

digambarkan dalam ekspresi matematik

(cumulative damage/failure distribution function) sbb

Pf (t) = 1R(t) atau R(t) = 1

Pf(t)

Jadi jika kehandalan sebuah mesin adalah R =90%,

maka peluang kegagalan cumulativenya adalah Pf = 10

atau sebaliknya.


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TIME

Berhubungan dengan waktu, alat yang reliability tahun ini belum tentu reliabilitytahun depan jika ada:

mekanisme kerusakan yang beroperasi (operative damage mechanism)

dengan laju kerusakan tertentu (misalnya laju korosi atau aus 0.01 mm/year).


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Reliability Diagram


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Risk

Berbicara reliabilty juga sama artinya dengan berbicar

(resiko), sebab risk didefiniskan sebagai :

Jadi salah satu komponen risk adalah kebalikan dari re

(Probability of Failure), oleh sebab itu jika bicara relia

selalu dikaitkan dengan risk.


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Reliability pada teknik mesin

Pada teknik mesin reliability dapat berarti melihat kehandalan sebuah mesin(rotating machine) melakukan fungsinya tanpa mengalami kegagalan. biasanya

dikaitkan dengan konsep maintenance seperti MTBF (mean time betweenfailure), atau RCM (Reliability-centered Maintenance)


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Quality


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Standar

International organization of standardization (ISO)

ASME

SNI

IEEE

ITU


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Pengertian

Kualitas menurut KBBI adalah tingkat baik buruknya sesuatu.

Atau kualitas berarti:

-Sesuai dengan spesifikasinya

-Tidak ada kecacatan

-Kepuasan pelanggan


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Dimensi Kualitas meliputi:

Performance

Feature

Reliability

Conformance

Durability

Serviceability

Aesthetic

Perception


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Biaya Kualitas

Control Cost

a. Pervention Cost

Planning, Review, training, Data, Improvemnt

b. Inspection Cost

Inspeksi, quality lab

Failure Cost

a. Internal Failure Cost

scrap, rework, retest, downtime

b. External Failure Cost

Warranty, returns, complaints


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Metode Perancanaan Standar Kualitas

1. Quality Function Deployment (QFD)

+ Dapat memahami kebutuhan pelanggan & proses desain berasal dari

kebutuhan pelanggan yang objektif

+Mengutamakan kegiatan desain

+Mengurangi kegiatan perubahan desain

+Menyediakan dasar yang jelas untuk suatu keputusan desain


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2. Metode Value Engineering

+berorientasi menambah nilai untuk produk atau jasa

+Mengurangi modal dan biaya siklus hidup

+Berusaha mencapai mutu yang minimal dengan biaya yang semurah mungkin


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Metode Kualitas dalam Manajemen

Total Quality Management (TQM)

-Kepemimpinan & manajerial komitmen

-Kemauan tim

-Partisipasi suplier

-cost of quality

-training-statistik

-pelayanan konsumen


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Basic Steps of TQM

Create a vision -> Plan an action -> Create a structure -> Measure Progress ->Update plans and vision as appropriate


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Pertanyaan

Kelompok 2 - Maintainability, Realability Dan Quality

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