KB Seminars: Working with Technology - Hosting; 10/13

Working with Technology Seminar

Website Hosting Fundamentals

VINOGRADOVO, October 9-10 2013

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1.What is Hosting?

2.Types of hosting

3.Your Hosting Checklist

4.Service Level Agreement (SLA)

Agenda: What we will cover

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What is Internet Hosting Service?Three fundamental preconditions to get your website on the Internet:•Domain Name•Web Site platform•Hosting (server + Internet connection + dedicated IP address)

Internet Hosting - service that connects servers to the Internet and thus enabling organizations and individuals to serve their content and/or services to the Internet.

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Hosting Services types

1. Application-specific hosting

File hosting service (e.g. personal file storage, software file hosting, content caching - CDN)

E-mail hosting (operates email servers only)

DNS hosting (optimal for providers with multiple servers in various geographic locations: that provide security and minimize latency)

Game servers (multiplayer video games)

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Hosting Services types2. Full-featured Hosting Services

Dedicated hosting

Hosting provider owns and manages the servers, leasing full control to the client

Virtual private server

Virtualization technology is employed in order to allow multiple logical servers to run on a single physical server

Co-locationProvides just connection, uninterruptible power and climate control, but let the client do his own system administration

Cloud hosting Employs a virtualised network of servers in the cloud which can be used to host

Complex Managed Hosting A hybrid solution - combination of physical and virtual servers

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Web Hosting Services include:

Free Web HostingShared HostingReseller Web hostingCloud HostingVirtual Dedicated Server (VPS)Clustered HostingDedicated HostingCo-located HostingManaged Service ProvidersGrid Hosting

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The hosting service component pyramid

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What hosting suits best to your needs?

Virtual Private Server (VPS)

• divides resources into virtual servers, where resources can be allocated in a way that does not directly reflect the underlying hardware

• much more control and performance than a Shared Hosting (full administrator control – root access)

• you are responsible for patching and maintaining the server

• supports all the features of dedicated hosting at lower cost

• it is only virtually dedicated - each user does share the server resources with a number of other customers

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Dedicated Hosting

• renting of entire server - not shared with anyone

• best suited for large web sites with high traffic, and unlimited software solution

• usually self-managed (you are responsible for the security and maintenance of his own dedicated server) - requires higher skills and technical support from your part

• if you do not want to make an investment required to own and operate a server – a very affordable solution

• usually expensive hosting option compared to others

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Co-located Hosting• you place your own server on the premises (locations) of a

service provider

• the co-location provider may provide little to no support directly, providing only the electrical, Internet access, and storage facilities for the server

• your administrator must visit the data center on site to do any hardware upgrades or changes

• most hosts now require rack mount enclosures and standard system configurations

• protection with redundant air condition, fire suppression systems, uninterrupted power supply (served by a dedicated diesel generators)

• Internet connectivity is fault-tolerant including redundant router structure that offers fail-over/fail-back procedures

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Managed Hosting

• you typically do not own the server – it is leased to you (as dedicated hosting) without full control over it (root access is denied)

• the user is disallowed full control and the provider can guarantee quality of service by not allowing the user to modify the server or potentially create configuration problems

• maintenance typically includes services such as server uptime monitoring, a hardware warranty and security patch updates.

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Cloud Hosting• a new type of decentralized hosting

• provides a scalable hosting based on clustered load-balanced servers and utility billing

• cloud hosted website is more reliable since other computers in the cloud can compensate when a single piece of hardware goes down

• cloud hosting also allows providers to charge users only for resources consumed by the user, rather than a flat fee for the amount the user expects they will use, or a fixed cost upfront hardware investment

• Data-protection policy issues

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Clustered hosting• clustered hosting “virtualizes” the resources beyond the limits of

one physical server, and as a result, a website is not limited to one server

• a perfect solution for high-availability dedicated hosting, or creating a scalable web hosting solution

• multiple tiers of security protections, including intelligent routing, redundant switching fabric, and built in firewall and proxy technology, are integrated into the clustered hosting platform

Grid hosting• servers connected in a grid topology, each node in the

network is connected with two neighbors along one or more dimensions

• grid hosting is when a server cluster acts like a grid and is composed of multiple nodes

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What are your requirements?

Monthly budget

Existing monthly traffic

Technology requirements(programming language, server architecture, custom requirements)

Technical ability(control panel, command line, monitoring, support)

Location

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Hosting Evaluation Criteria

PriceSetup fee (one-time, nonrecurring fee)Monthly fee (recurring)Monthly data transfer cap (maximum)Length of Commitment

Customer ServiceSupport – Response time/Resolution timeEmail, phone, IM, ticketing systemBusiness hours, non-business hours, 24/7

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Hosting Evaluation CriteriaWhat features/add-ons should a good web host provide?

Features (unlimited disk space, and bandwidth, uptime guarantee, multiple domains, traffic stats, ...)

Scripts (CGI/Perl Support, MySQL Databases, PHP Support, Javascript, Flash/Shockwave, Real Audio/Video, SSL Support, ...)

Advanced Scripts (Wordpress, Joomla, Drupal, Ruby on Rails, PHPMyAdmin, ...)

Customer Support (Toll-Free, 24/7 Live Chat, Email Support, Rosponse Time, ...)

Datacenter (Server Backups, Load-Balancing, 24/7 Monitoring, Redundant Power, Redundant Connection, ...)

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Network performance metrics

Bandwidth - the amount of data that can be transmitted at a given moment to a server (the higher your bandwidth, the larger amount of traffic your site can handle at one time)

Throughput - the average rate of successful message delivery over a communication channel

Latency - the delay between the sender and the receiver decoding it, this is mainly a function of packets travel time, and processing time at any nodes the information traverses (e.g. geographical latency)

Jitter - the variation in the time between packets arriving, caused by network congestion, timing drift, or route changes

Error rate - the number of corrupted bits expressed as a percentage or fraction of the total sent

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Evaluating hosting: Common metrics

SLA (Service Level Agreement) - a contractual agreement on the level of service to be provided by a service provider to you, as a customer. It should include:

Performance levels and exceptions (such as uptime percentage guarantees, which allow tiny percentages of downtime)

How you will be compensated if the uptime guarantee is not achieved

Types of support available for clients/included in price

Conflict resolution (whether arbitration will initially be used in lieu of court battles, etc.)

How services are ended/what’s required to cancel service

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Evaluating hosting: Reliability

guaranteed server uptime (the time when it is functional)

Source: Wikipedia

Availability %Downtime per year

Downtime per month (30 days)

Downtime per week

90% 36.5 days 72 hours 16.8 hours

95% 18.25 days 36 hours 8.4 hours

97% 10.96 days 21.6 hours 5.04 hours

98% 7.30 days 14.4 hours 3.36 hours

99% 3.65 days 7.20 hours 1.68 hours

99.5% 1.83 days 3.60 hours 50.4 minutes

99.8% 17.52 hours 86.23 minutes 20.16 minutes



99.99% 52.56 minutes 4.32 minutes 1.01 minutes

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Electric power - data centre typically has a battery room that can provide only a few minutes of reserve power before it switches over to diesel generators

Is the data centre infrastructure scalable? Assessing your immediate needs (a staged approach - by

migrating a few servers or applications to start, your company can better ensure that a hosted model will provide the reliability, scalability and security it requires)

Future technology needs - Which options can the service provider provide if you decide to upgrade? (e.g. cloud services, security monitoring, etc.)

Capacity planning - what expansion plans does the service provider have in place to address the future space/performance requirements of its customers?

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Comprehensive security measures

physical security - 24/7 guard on site, data centre location is not publicly advertised, controlled entrance by swipe card/biometric capabilities, caged server access by key and lock, secure geographic location (i.e., not near train tracks or refineries)

network security - intrusion detection capability, virtualized firewalls and load balancers, ability to monitor lines for traffic , managed DDoS prevention

Useful Links

• Рейтинг и сравнение лучших хостинг провайдеров России

http://so-hosting.info/rating_rus.html

• Обзоры и рейтинг лучших хостинг провайдеров Украины

http://so-hosting.info/rating_ukr.html

• Сравнение тарифных планов хостинг-провайдеров

http://www.hostworld.ru/rating.php

• Обзор и рейтинг хостинга в России

http://blogibiznes.ru/kakoy-hosting-luchshe-vyibrat-v-rossii.html

• Ranking of hosting providers (based on price, reliability, plan features, ease-of-use and support)

http://www.findmyhosting.com/

• 2013 Best Web Hosting Comparisons

http://web-hosting-review.toptenreviews.com/

• Web hosting review site

http://www.WebHostingGeeks.com

• Most Popular Hosting Companies in Russia

http://myip.ms/view/best_hosting/RUS/Best_Hosting_in_Russia.html

• Ukraine Web Hosting Guide

http://www.ukrainewebhosting.com/

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Used sources: techtarget.com, mediawiki.org, wikibooks.org, wikipedia.org, dmoz.org, webopedia.com

http://so-hosting.info/rating_rus.html





KB Seminars: Working with Technology - Hosting; 10/13

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Transcript of KB Seminars: Working with Technology - Hosting; 10/13