Kathryn Brow, Christine Darko, Luiza Korobkova, Anthony Tran
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Transcript of Kathryn Brow, Christine Darko, Luiza Korobkova, Anthony Tran
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Kathryn Brow, Christine Darko, Luiza Korobkova, Anthony Tran
Infant Mortality: A health disparity between African
Americans and the General Population in Massachusetts
UMass, AmherstBrandeis UniversityUMass, Boston
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Kathryn Brow, Christine Darko, Luiza Korobkova, Anthony Tran
Infant Mortality: A health disparity between African
Americans and the General Population in Massachusetts
UMass, AmherstBrandeis UniversityUMass, Boston
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INFANT MORTALITY Definition: The death of an infant before his
or her first birthday.
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Leading Causes of Infant Death
• Account for more than 46% of all infant deaths.
1. Low birth weight
2. Congenital malformations
3. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)4. Maternal complications
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WHAT IS A HEALTH DISPARITY?
Health disparities refer to differences between groups of people, these differences can affect how frequently:• a disease affects a group• how many people get sick• how often the disease cause death
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Evidence of the Disparity Infant Mortality Disparity between Blacks and the General Public in Massachusetts
Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Birth Report 2010
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Infant Mortality Rates National vs. Massachusetts
National Vital Statistics Reports, 2008
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What causes this disparity?
• Socioeconomic status• Education• Health care access
• Inadequacy of prenatal care• Lack of treatment for chronic diseases
which can complicate pregnancies
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Low Birth Weight Rates Based on Race
Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Birth Report 2010
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Adequacy of Prenatal Care by Race, Education and Age
Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Birth Report 2010
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Highest Infant Mortality Rate Disparity is in
Worcester
Massachusetts Department of Public Health, 2011 Perinatal Trends
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Ways to reduce risk of Infant Mortality
• Safe sleeping practices
• Adequate prenatal care
• Health campaigns• Social Marketing• Worcester Healthy
Start Initiative• WIC
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Mediums of Awareness Campaign• Mediums to carry messages
included:• bus ads• radio ads• church fans• posters and cards
distributed in: • clinics• daycares• agency waiting rooms• community
organizations
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Results (according to telephone surveys)
(Campaign 1) Awareness of IM disparities• 62% report some exposure
(Campaign 2) Proper infant sleep
position• 48.5% report some exposure
(Campaign 3) Taking action to reduce disparities • 48.9% report some exposure
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Summary• There is a prevalent infant mortality rate disparity between African Americans and the general population.
• Though infant mortality rate in Blacks has decreased by half over the past 2 decades, the disparity persists.
• Data from recent years have shown increases in infant mortality rates for Blacks, Asians and Hispanics.
• There is an inverse correlation between prenatal care and infant mortality rates.
• Evidence has shown that awareness campaigns can greatly reduce risk of infant mortality.
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Questions?14
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Every child deserves a chance.
15 Since the beginning of this presentation more than 36 infants
have died….
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Worcester Infant Mortality Rate by Race
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Massachusetts Department of Public Health
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City Demographics1717
US Department of Commerce, US Census Bureau
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REFERENCESDate, I. (n.d.). Bureau of Health Information, Statistics, Research, and Evaluation. Community List. Retrieved May 30, 2013, from http://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/36959Health Disparities: MedlinePlus. (n.d.). National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. Retrieved June 6, 2013, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthdisparities.htmlMacDorman, M. F., Hoyert, D. L., & Mathews, T. (2013). Recent Declines in Infant Mortality in the United States, 2005–2011. National Vital Statistics Reports, 120, 6. Retrieved May 30, 2013, from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db120.pdf"Massachusetts QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau." State and County QuickFacts. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 June 2013. <http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25000.html>.MassCHIP. (n.d.). Mass.Gov. Retrieved May 30, 2013, from http://www.mass.gov/eohhs/researcher/community-health/masschip/Mathews, T. J., & MacDorman, M. F. (2013). Infant Mortality Statistics From the 2008 Period Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set. National Vital Statistics Reports , 60(5), 1-27.Powers, D. A. (2013). Black&white differences in maternal age, maternal birth cohort, and period effects on infant mortality in the US (1983-2002). Elsevier, 42(1), 1033-1045.Rienks, J., & Oliva, G. (n.d.). Using Social Marketing to Increase Awareness of the African American Infant Mortality Disparity . Health Promotion Practice . Retrieved May 30, 2013, from http://hpp.sagepub.com/content/14/3/408
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