Kasus critical thinking
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Transcript of Kasus critical thinking
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Presented by :
Jurusan Keperawatan
Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta
1. NUR RATNA SHOLIKHAH (33)
2. PASULIH ADITYA ETMI (34)
3. PUTRI SEKAR ARUM (35)
4. RATNA SEPTIANINGSIH (36)
5. RIMA AMALIA HABIBA (37)
6. RIZKY FATATUL HUDA (38)
7. ROHMA DIYAH SUPRAPTI (39)
Sterility
Sterilization (microbiology), a term referring to any
process that eliminates or kills all forms of life from an
item or field.
The function of steril:
To prevent the contaminents of microorganism.
To minimize the probability of infection occurence.
Asepsis, a state of being free from biological
contaminants
An antibacterial or antibiotic is an agent that inhibits
bacterial growth or kills bacteria
Medical uses of antibiotic:
Treatment
Bacterial infection
Protozoan infection, e.g., metronidazole is effective
against several parasitics
Immunomodulation, e.g., tetracycline, which is
effective in periodontal inflammation, and dapsone,
which is effective in autoimmune diseases such as
oral mucous membrane pemphigoid
Prevention of infection
Surgical wound
Dental antibiotic prophylaxis
Conditions of neutropenia, e.g. cancer-related
Handscoon
Handscoon/ gloves are part of Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) and must fulfilled when caring the
patient.
Handscoon used to prevent the contaminents towards
nurses hand when she/he touch mucosa membrane,
blood, saliva, and the infecius materials. Besides of
this, handscoon also functioned to decrease
possibilities transmission of microorganism in the
nurse’s hand to patient during the caring process.
The Kinds of Handscoon
1. Patient examination gloves.
Indication : assisment and the other non-
surgical procedure, included assisment
that enable contact with mucosa
membrane, and laboratory procedure.
Record: Consist of sterile and non-sterile, it
is dispossible for one patient.
Material: Natural rubber latex (NRL), nitrile,
polivinyl chloride, polyethylene
2. Surgeon’s Gloves
Indication: surgical procedure.
Record : Sterile, dispossible for one patient.Material : NRL, nitrile, combination latex and/or sintetic.
3. Non-medical Gloves
Indication : clean and tool disinfection, hold chemist material and sharp things which have contamined, not used when caring patient.
Record : usefull gloves that endure from ripped and chemist material. Can wash after used, and can use repeatedly.Materials: NRL and nitrile or mix of chloroprene, nenoprene, nitrile, butyl rubber.
Infection
Infection is the invasion of a host organism's bodily
tissues by disease-causing organisms, their
multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to
these organisms and the toxins they produce.
Infections are caused by microorganisms such as
viruses, prions, bacteria, and viroids, and larger
organisms like macroparasites and fungi.
Infections are classified by the causative agent as
well as the symptoms and medical signs produced.
Symptomatic infections are apparent,
whereas an infection that is active, but
does not produce noticeable symptoms,
may be called inapparent, silent, or
subclinical. An infection that is inactive
or dormant is called a latent infection.
A short-term infection is an acute
infection. A long-term infection is a
chronic infection.
Primary and secondary infections
Primary and secondary infection may either refer to succeeding infections or different stages of one and the same infection such as in acute herpes labialis infection In the latter case, acute infection may also be used, as in acute HIV infection.
Occult infection
An occult or asymptomatic infection is medical terminology for a "hidden" infection, that is, one that presents no symptoms verifiable and recognizable by a doctor
You are caring for Mr. Noor who has a large open
and draining abdominal wound . You notice an
enrolled nurse changing Mr. Noor’s dressing
without wearing gloves or using sterille suplies
or sterille tecnique. When you question this
enrolled nurse regarding his or her practice,
this person says “ don’t worry, the wound is
already infected and antibiotics and draining
will take care of any contiminents”
A. How would you respond to this comment?
B. What would your next step be in following
up on this incident?
We disagree with the nurse’s comment.
Although the wound is already infected and
antibiotics and draining, but nurses should wear
gloves. Nurse bandaged the draining abdominal
wound of patients using gloves, allows the nurse to
holds sterile dressings, instruments, and the
solution without causing contamination.
The benefits for patients when nurses wore
gloves in wound caring is to protect patients and
prevent patients from nosocomial infection that
can arise from a hospital or care facility. Moreover,
it can protect if the nurses has diseases.
No. Steps Rasional
1.Explain the wound
care procedure to thepatient.
Make disappear of patientanxiousness.
2.Prepare theequipments.
Prevent contaminate the steriletecnique.
3. Close the blinds.Provide patient’s privacy.Decrease the contaminents air.
4.Help patient to havecomfortable position.
Patient’s moving causecontamination of the wound.
5.Wash hand before dothe procedure.
Make disappear of microorganism
that stay in the nurse’s skin. Anddecrease pathogen transmission.
No. Steps Rasional
6. Use sterile glovesThe gloves prevent
the transmissionorganism
7. Inspection the wound.Determine healingwound status.
8.Clean the wound with antiseptic liquid.Use another lint in every caress.
Preventcontamination.
9.Put in the dry and sterile dressing onincision or the wound position.
Patient can movingcomfortable.
10.Loose the gloves and throw in the rightplaces.
Decrease the
microorganismtransmission.
No. Steps Rasional
11.
Throw all dispossible material. And
help patient back to comfortable
position.
Clean environment
promote the patient’s
comfortable.
12. Wash the hand.Decrease microorganism
transmission
13.
Record to nurse’s sript ,
observation wound, bandage and
drainase include expression patient.
Documention acurate and
exact also advise of
personel about the
changing of wound and
patient status.
( Perry Potter, Hal : 1995 )
We as a nurse must wear the sterile
gloves and sterile tecnique in caring
especially wound caring. The function of
gloves is to prevent microorganism
transmission.
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