Karyotype: The Molecules that define You
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Transcript of Karyotype: The Molecules that define You
INTRODUCTION: WHAT YOUR CHROMOSOMES
SAY ABOUT YOU
Karyotype studying allows doctors identify
genetic variations.
Some variations are associated
with pathologies so it can help
with some diagnosis
'Protective' DNA strands are shorter in adults who had more infections as infants
University of Washington
January 25, 2017
Telomeres are important in order to allow DNA
replication without damaging
'PROTECTIVE' DNA STRANDS ARE SHORTER IN ADULTS WHO HAD MORE INFECTIONS AS
INFANTS
As Telomeres get shorter after each
cell cycle, cell division capacity can be affected by their
length
Image Source: alevelnotes.com
'PROTECTIVE' DNA STRANDS ARE SHORTER IN ADULTS WHO HAD MORE INFECTIONS AS
INFANTS
Researchers correlated telomeres length with
number of infections as kids
more infections = shorter telomeres
Image Source: onegoodthingbyjillee.com
'PROTECTIVE' DNA STRANDS ARE SHORTER IN ADULTS WHO HAD MORE INFECTIONS AS
INFANTS
Scientists think the shortening of telomeres may
be explained by increased cell division during immune
response, but shorter telomeres by birth is also a
theory
Image Source: wefollowpics.com
'PROTECTIVE' DNA STRANDS ARE SHORTER IN ADULTS WHO HAD MORE INFECTIONS AS
INFANTS - STUDENT’S OBSERVATIONS
Image Source: twitter.com
Epigenetic is an important field of
research, as it may hold the key to preventing diseases
and improving life expectancy
Jumbled chromosomes may dampen the immune response to tumorsAmerican Association for the
Advancement of Science
January 19, 2017
Aneuploidy is when a cell has an unusual
number of chromosomes
JUMBLED CHROMOSOMES MAY DAMPEN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO TUMORS
Cancer cells tend to be very different from one another due to differences in their
karyotype or genetic organization
Image Source: joseph-birch.livejournal.com
JUMBLED CHROMOSOMES MAY DAMPEN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO TUMORS
DNA organization may affect some gene’s
expression, meaning the cells can react differently to
certain factors
Image Source: zunal.com
JUMBLED CHROMOSOMES MAY DAMPEN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO TUMORS
Those cells with an “aneuploid” karyotype have less response to
immunotherapy due to gene expression
Image Source: healthmj.com
JUMBLED CHROMOSOMES MAY DAMPEN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO TUMORS -
STUDENT’S OBSERVATIONS
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Studying a certain cancer cell genome may
be helpful while choosing the treatment pathway to
follow, allowing doctors to adapt better to the
patient’s needs
MEDICAL UTILITY
Medically speaking, karyotype says a lot
about cells, as it relates to gene expression and cell
division capacity
Karyotype may be affected by extrinsic
factors, or it can affect individual processes
Image Source: time.com
MEDICAL UTILITY
Knowing the karyotype gives us a way to correlate how different factors interact in
processes like aging, immune response and disease treatment
Image Source: wis-wander.weizmann.ac.il
MEDICAL UTILITY
Karyotype can also be used as a mean of diagnosis, giving us more information to take in consideration while analyzing a
certain case
Image Source: edicogenome.com
BIBLIOGRAPHY• University of Washington. (2017, January 25). ’Protective' DNA
strands are shorter in adults who had more infections as infants. ScienceDaily. Retrieved on January 27, 2017 from h t t p s : / / w w w . s c i e n c e d a i l y . c o m / r e l e a s e s / 2017/01/170125120311.htm
• American Association for the Advancement of Science. (2017, January 19). Jumbled chromosomes may dampen the immune response to tumors. ScienceDaily. Retrieved on January 27, 2017 from https://www.sciencedai ly.com/releases/ 2017/01/170119143325.htm
• Martinez Sanchez, Lina Maria et al. “Estudio de cromosomas y cultivos celulares”. In: Biología Molecular: Libro de Clase. 8º Edition. (2015). Editorial UPB. Medellin, Colombia. P: 91 - 96