PREFACE

Every research project must include prefatory material. This material should be separately designated as a Preface in traditional academic writing; in thesis project reports undertaken in other media, prefatory material may be incorporated into the thesis project report essay. An Honours preface is a six to ten page essay documenting and analyzing the intellectual and Personal journey that led to the creation of the honours research project. It should be self-reflective, considering the student's growth as a scholarly creator.

DECLARATION

I, Karan Kothari student of T.Y. B.B.A. Div A of BMCC hereby declare that project report title Research Methodology submitted to BMCC is an original work of undersigned and not reproduced or copied from any other sources and not submitted to any other college or university.

Date: Karan Kothari

Place:

AKNOWLEDGEMENT

Apart from the efforts of me, the success of any project depends largely on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project.

I would like to show my greatest appreciation to Prof. Aniket Kale. I cannot say thank you enough for his tremendous support and help. I feel motivated and encouraged every time I attend his meeting. Without his encouragement and guidance, this project would not have materialized.

The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed and who are contributing to this project, was vital for the success of the project. I am grateful for their constant support and help.

ABOUT NIKON

Nikon Inc. is involved in a broad spectrum of businesses centered around specializations in imaging products, precision equipment, and instruments. Nikon’s efforts to provide the kind of products and technologies that will exceed its customers’ expectations are already achieving impressive results.

Nikon is perhaps most well known for its reputation as a world leader in imaging products, and its technologies continue to play a significant role in defining the photographic industry.

Nikon’s COOLPIX cameras are helping reshape how people take pictures and share them with others. By integrating sophisticated automatic features, Nikon’s COOLPIX cameras are making digital photography more accessible to consumers and enabling anyone to take stunning pictures.

Nikon’s digital SLR cameras continue to revolutionize photography for professional photographers and photojournalists. With a range of consumer digital SLR cameras, Nikon also offers enthusiasts and virtually anyone looking to take spectacular pictures the speed, quality and durability of its award-winning digital SLR camera technology. 

In addition to bringing world-class cameras to the U.S. market, Nikon also distributes a broad line of consumer and professional accessories that add to the photographic experience. These include NIKKOR brand optics; Speedlights and system accessories; COOLSCAN® digital film scanners; Nikon software products and Nikon sports and recreational optics.

Nikon’s imaging business and its commitment to providing professional photographers and consumers with world-class products remains central to the company’s efforts.

Beyond photography, Nikon Inc. is also the leading innovator of precision optical lens and imaging devices. Our array of ophthalmic instruments, Nikon industrial inspection and measuring systems, Nikon microscopes and imaging systems for the biosciences and Nikon surveying instruments are improving the way companies advance their business and professionals care for their clients.

Nikon’s precision equipment business is also driving remarkable innovation and growth. Immersion lithography technology in IC scanners and LCD scanners that feature Nikon’s multi-lens scanning system are now the finest in the industry, attracting keen attention. Nikon is also making active efforts in new fields, such as photomask substrates for liquid crystal displays (LCDs).

Over the last 90 years, Nikon has consistently moved the photography, imaging and optics industry forward, discovery by discovery and product by product.

COMPANY PROFILE

HISTORY

Nikon Corporation株式会社ニコン

Type Corporation TYO: 7731

Industry Imaging

Founded Tokyo, Japan (25 July 1917 [1] )

Headquarters Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan

Key people Makoto Kimura, President, CEO &

COO[2]

Products Precision equipment for the

semiconductor industry, Digital

imaging equipment

andcameras, Microscopes, Spectacle

lenses, Optical measuring and

inspection instruments,

Revenue  ¥730.9 billion (Business year

ending March 31, 2006)

Employees 23,759 (Consolidated, as of March

31, 2009)[3]

1917 Three of Japan's leading optical manufacturers merge to form a omprehensive, fully integrated optical company known as Nippon Kogaku K.K.

1918 Ohi Dai-ichi Plant (now Ohi Plant) completed Optical glass production and research launched

1921 MIKRON 4x, 6x, ultra-small-prism binoculars marketed

1925 JOICO Microscope marketed

1932 Nikkor adopted as brand name for camera lenses

1945 With the end of World War II, production shifted to cameras, microscopes, binoculars, surveying instruments, measuring instruments and ophthalmic lenses

1946 Pointal ophthalmic lens marketedNikon brand name adopted for small-sized cameras

1947 Tilting Level E and Transit G surveying instruments marketed

1948 Nikon I small-sized camera marketedModel I profile projector marketed

1950 The New York Times introduced superior features of Nikon cameras and Nikkor lenses

1952 Nikkor Club established to promote photography culture

1953 Nikon Optical Co., Inc. establishedNikon Inc. established

1954 Model SM stereoscopic microscope marketed

1957 Nikon SP small-sized camera marketed

1959 Nikon F, Nikon's first SLR camera, marketed

1990 ESEM-20 environmental scanning electron microscope marketedFirst overseas production factory Nikon (Thailand) Co., Ltd. established

1991 Mito Plant built

1992 Nikon Instech Co., Ltd. establishedNIKONOS RS, world's first underwater autofocus SLR camera, marketedNikon ism Hearing Aid introduced

1993 Nikon 35Ti Quartz Date super-high-quality compact camera marketed

1995 E2/E2S digital still cameras marketed (jointly developed with Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.)NSR-S201A lens-scanning KrF excimer stepper marketedMass-production technology developed for light-intensity-modulation direct-overwrite magneto-optical disks

1996 Development of practical applications for linear-type ultrasonic actuatorNikon Fieldmicroscope marketedNuvis Advanced Photo System compact camera marketedECLIPSE series biological microscopes featuring CFI60system marketedNikon F5 SLR camera marketed

Nikon PRONEA 600i*2 Advanced Photo System SLR camera marketed

1999 FX-21S LCD scanner marketedD1 professional digital SLR camera marketedIn-House Company System inauguratedSurveying instruments business reorganized as independent company

2000 Nikon-Essilor Co., Ltd., joint venture with Essilor International of France, started operationsVision Nikon 21 business strategy definedThe optical-infrared Subaru Telescope employed Nikon's Faint Object Camera And Spectrograph (FOCAS) and High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS)

2001 Sport optics business reorganized as independent companyD1X digital SLR camera marketedExecutive Officer System introducedD1H digital SLR camera marketed

2002 Nikon Imaging (China) Co., Ltd. established as a new digital camera production baseD100 consumer digital SLR camera marketed

2003 Ohi West Building completedNew brand symbol for Nikon Group introducedNikon-Trimble Co., Ltd., joint venture with Trimble Navigation Ltd. of the U.S., establishedD2H digital SLR camera marketed

2006 NSR-S609B ArF immersion scanner marketedD2Xs digital SLR camera marketed

2007 Defined Our Aspirations: Meeting needs. Exceeding

expectations.Nikon scholarship program started to support Thai studentsD3 digital SLR camera marketed

2008 Nikon volunteers participated in forestation for Mt. FujiD3X digital SLR camera marketed

2009 LCD scanner FX-101S marketedTotal production of NIKKOR lenses for Nikon SLR cameras reached 50 millionMetris NV became Nikon Metrology NV, a wholly owned subsidiary of Nikon CorporationNASA placed orders for Nikon D3S digital SLR cameras and interchangeable lenses for use on the International Space Station

2010 Nikon Head Office relocated to Shin-Yurakucho Bldg.

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

The concerned project is undertaken:

To analyze the customer’s requirement.

To study the Competitor’s service attitude of staff member to customers.

To identify, critically assess and summarise the status of customer behaviour about per using Nikon camera.

To study the concept of absenteeism in Nikon Company.

To find out the strength and weakness of competitors.

To provide the better services and weakness of competitors.

To know the opinion and suggestion of customers.

To identify gaps and needs for research and evaluative research in the area of customer likes-dislike, profiles etc.

o Message design, packaging, dissemination and feedback.

o The identification of issues/research needs.o The suggested framework based on the finding.o Identification of potential research partners.o Recommendations for the development of

regional research initiative. The objectives and rationale for the initiation of the

study, methodologies used and sampling techniques utilised in the different way of data collection were determined.

RESEARCH

METHODOLOGY

Methods of Data Collection

Primary Data

In primary data collection, you collect the data yourself using methods such as interviews and questionnaires. The key point here is that the data you collect is unique to you and your research and, until you publish, no one else has access to it.

There are many methods of collecting primary data and the main methods include:

questionnaires

interviews

focus group interviews

observation

case-studies

diaries

critical incidents

Portfolios.

The primary data, which is generated by the above methods, may be qualitative in nature (usually in the form of words) or quantitative (usually in the form of numbers or where you can make counts of words used). We briefly outline these methods but you should also read around the various methods. A list of suggested research methodology texts is given in your Module Study Guide but many texts on social or educational research may also be useful and you can find them in your library.

Questionnaires

Questionnaires are a popular means of collecting data, but are

difficult to design and often require many rewrites before an acceptable questionnaire is produced.

Questions should be:

Keep the questions short, simple and to the point; avoid all unnecessary words.

Use words and phrases that are unambiguous and familiar to the respondent. For example, ‘dinner’ has a number of different interpretations; use an alternative expression such as ‘evening meal’.

Interviews

Interviewing is a technique that is primarily used to gain an understanding of the underlying reasons and motivations for people’s attitudes, preferences or behaviour. Interviews can be undertaken on a personal one-to-one basis or in a group. They can be conducted at work, at home, in the street or in a shopping centre, or some other agreed location.

Secondary Data

All methods of data collection can supply quantitative data (numbers, statistics or financial) or qualitative data (usually words or text). Quantitative data may often be presented in tabular or graphical form. Secondary data is data that has already been collected by someone else for a different purpose to yours. For example, this could mean using:

data collected by a hotel on its customers through its guest history system

data supplied by a marketing organisation

annual company reports

Government statistics.

Sampling Techniques

Collecting data is time consuming and expensive, even for

relatively small amounts of data. Hence, it is highly unlikely that a complete population will be investigated. Because of the time and cost elements the amount of data you collect will be limited and the number of people or organizations you contact will be small in number. You will, therefore, have to take a sample and usually a small sample.

Sampling theory says a correctly taken sample of an appropriate size will yield results that can be applied to the population as a whole. There is a lot in this statement but the two fundamental questions to ensure generalization are:

1.   How is a sample taken correctly?

2.   How big should the sample be?

The answer to the second question is ‘as large as possible given the circumstances’. It is like answering the question ‘How long is a piece of string’. It all depends on the circumstances.

Whilst we do not expect you to normally generalize your results and take a large sample, we do expect that you follow a recognized sampling procedure, such that, if the sample were increased generalization would be possible. You therefore need to know some of the basics of sampling. This will be done by reference to the following example.

DATA ANALYSIS /

DATA INTERPRITATION

Number of people questioned - 20

1. Did you receive this product as a gift?

Yes-2 No-18

2. How did you first notice this product was available for purchase?

Advertising-9 Friends/Family-2 Read a magazine-5 Other-5

3. What is one reason you wanted to purchase this product?

Makes a great gift-1 On other and wanted more-3 Saw it in the store-2 I like the product-9 The price is reasonable-3 Other-2

4. Assuming the new product is the priced comparably to other major brands, would you say it is a....

Very poor value-0 Average value -6 Fairly good value-7 Very good value--7

5. Which type of camera you own...

Point and Shoot-4

DSLR-3 SLR-7 Camcorders/Handy cams-6

6. Type of store where purchased:

Showroom-10 Electronics outlet-8 Received as a gift-2

7. How likely are you to recommend Company Nikon to a friend or relative? Would you say the chances are...?

Excellent -8 Good-9 Average-3 Poor-0

8. What is your Mega-Pixels count in the Camera?

8 Mega-Pixels-2 10 Mega-Pixels-3 12 Mega-Pixels-5 14 Mega-Pixels-7 Older version-3

9. In total, how many long have you been a customer of Nikon Company?

Less than One year-8 One to under three years-3 Three to under five years-6 Five years or more-3

SUGGESTION

I am using Nikon D 400 camera from a long time. The first D 400 camera I used was of 10.1mega-pixels, easier to handle & outcome was good. Nikon had created a nice range of D 400; I had seen the up-gradation in mega-pixels count, look wise, features etc. are just too good.

Nikon D 400 cameras uses ‘Carl Ziess’ lens which are of the high optical lens in the market yet. Every mode of these cameras are for every propose and need of anyone. Even an amateur can use this camera well enough because of its user-friendly interface.

You have one goal when taking pictures: Get the best shot. That is why digital cameras combine Nikon's legendary optics with the most innovative technologies—to let you capture timeless moments with breathtaking results.

Effortless panoramic photos. Nothing recreates the mood of a beautiful scene like a panoramic

photo. Intelligent Sweep Panorama mode goes beyond the norm, capturing up to 258 degrees of

landscape. Just press and sweep - the camera does the rest.

Great low light shots without a flash, for low-light moments, the back-illuminated "Exmor R"

CMOS sensor captures the mood and reduces the noise. Nighttime shots never looked better.

CONCLUSION

Nikon is masters in SLR’S; D 400 camera

Nikon is facing tough competition with Cannon and Sony because of reasonable price and quality.

According to research of 30 days in Nikon India ltd, it reveals that Nikon is real as well as a great leader in electronic and consumer durable.

Nikon plays a vital role in consumer durable market.

But when considered service attitude, one pricing policy, promotion policy, quality of a product, professional appearance and knowledge of staff regarding product features and function, Nikon is far ahead from Cannon & Sony

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Indian consumer durables industry has witnessed a considerable change in the past couple of years. Changing lifestyle, higher disposable income coupled with greater affordability and a surge in advertising has been instrumental in bringing about a sea change in the consumer behaviour pattern.

This industry consists of durable goods used for domestic purposes such as televisions, washing machines, refrigerators, microwave ovens, mobile phones etc. The growth in the consumer durables sector has been driven primarily by factors such as the boom in the real estate & housing industry, higher disposable income, emergence of the retail industry in big way coupled with rising affluence levels of a considerable section of the population.

As per a survey conducted by FICCI on the Indian consumer durables industry, a shift in consumer preferences towards higher-end technologically advanced branded products has-been quite discernable.

Location of NikonNikon India Pvt. Ltd.# 768, 100ft Road, HAL 2nd Stage,12th Main, Indiranagar,

DELHI – 560038

BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.Nikon.co.in/microsite/cyber-shot/

http://cybershotmatcher.Nikon.co.in/ http://reviews.cnet.com/digital-cameras/Nikon-cyber-shot-dschttp://www.tvu.ac.uk/

http://www.nikon.com/about/info/history/corporate/index.htm