Kansas City, Missouri Water Services Department...A Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) has been...

Kansas City, Missouri Water Services Department

Overflow Control Program

CSO/Stormwater Sampling Plan Revision 1

June 9, 2005

City Contra

ct 770 – City Project 8100148

CSO/Stormwater Sampling Plan Kansas City, Missouri Water Services Department

Table of Contents

1 MONITORING OBJECTIVE .........................................................................................................1-1

2 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN..................................................................................2-1

3 HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN......................................................................................................3-1

4 MONITORING TEAM ....................................................................................................................4-1

5 MONITORING LOCATION AND FREQUENCY.......................................................................5-1

5.1 Monitoring Locations....................................................................................................................5-1 5.2 Monitoring Frequency ..................................................................................................................5-4

6 COORDINATION AND INITIATION OF AN EVENT...............................................................6-1

7 DOCUMENTATION ........................................................................................................................7-1

8 FIELD MEASUREMENTS..............................................................................................................8-1

9 SAMPLE COLLECTION, HANDLING AND DELIVERY.........................................................9-1

9.1 Equipment Installation ..................................................................................................................9-1 9.2 Equipment Configuration and Calibration....................................................................................9-1 9.3 Sample Collection.........................................................................................................................9-1 9.4 Sample Labeling ...........................................................................................................................9-3 9.5 Quality Assurance/Quality Control Samples ................................................................................9-3 9.6 Sample Chain of Custody .............................................................................................................9-4 9.7 Handling and Delivery..................................................................................................................9-4 9.8 Field Records and Documentation................................................................................................9-4

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1 Summary of CSO and Stormwater Sampling........................................................................1-2

Table 4-1 Contractor Team Member Responsibilities ..........................................................................4-1

Table 5-1 Monitoring Sites ...................................................................................................................5-2

Table 8-1 Field Measurements..............................................................................................................8-1

Table 8-2 Summary of Observations ....................................................................................................8-2

Table 9-1 Parameter List, Sample Containers, Volumes, and Preservatives ........................................9-2

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 5-1 CSO/Stormwater Monitoring Locations ..............................................................................5-3

APPENDICES

Appendix A – Field Documentation Form

Appendix B – Standard Operating Procedures

Appendix C – Chain of Custody Document

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1 MONITORING OBJECTIVE

The Kansas City, Missouri (KCMO) Water Services Department (WSD) is committed to protecting public health and the environment, meeting water quality regulations and doing so at an appropriate cost. To accomplish this mission, an Overflow Control Program (OCP) has been established within the WSD. The combined sewer system of KCMO can discharge a mixture of stormwater and sanitary sewage to local receiving waters during and following rain events. Characterizing wet weather discharges from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and separate storm sewer areas is an integral component of the OCP. Therefore, water quality samples from CSOs and separate stormwater discharges will be collected and analyzed as a part of the OCP effort. The sampling of separate stormwater discharges will be conducted to meet the requirements of the KCMO Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit. The CSO/stormwater sampling described in this Sampling Plan will be used in conjunction with flow metering data and sewer system mathematical models to develop pollutant loads for both monitored and non-monitored CSO and stormwater discharge locations and storms. Therefore, the sampling will cover a variety of land use areas and storm sizes to adequately represent the entire system.

Monitoring will be performed by MEC Water Resources, a WSD Contractor, from April through July, 2005. If sufficient rainfall does not occur during this period, WSD may extend sampling through October, 2005. Samples for laboratory analysis and field measurements will be collected to characterize CSO and stormwater quality. Table 1-1 summarizes the planned sampling effort.

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Table 1-1 Summary of CSO and Stormwater Sampling

Characteristic Number for CSOs

Number for Stormwater Notes

No. Locations 9 6 No. Events 4 3 The following storm sizes will

be targeted (rainfall depth in first 3 hours):

• 1 event with 0.25 to 0.5 inch

• 1 event with 0.5 to 1.0 inch

• 1 event with >1.0 inch A storm event is defined as having at least 0.25 inch of rain with at least 72 hours of dry weather preceding it.

Water Quality Samples

4 discrete samples at each location for each event. Samples collected from the following intervals after initiation of overflow: • 30 to 60 minutes • 90 to 120 minutes • 150 to 180 minutes • 210 to 240 minutes

3 discrete samples at each location for each event. Samples collected from the following intervals after initiation of overflow: • 30 to 60 minutes • 90 to 120 minutes • 150 to 180 minutes

Parameters for analysis in CSOs and stormwater include:

• solids • turbidity • bacteria • oxygen demand • nutrients • metals • hardness

Parameters for analysis in stormwater only include:

• total phenolics, • oil and grease • pesticides • organic base neutral

acids. Field Measurements

Field measurements will be collected at least once during one rain event at each location.

Field measurements will be collected on each discrete sample at each location.

Parameters include: • dissolved oxygen • temperature • pH • conductivity.



2 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN

A Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) has been developed for water quality monitoring activities being conducted by WSD (OCP Water Quality Monitoring Quality Assurance Project Plan, April 14, 2005). The requirements of the QAPP are applicable to the activities of all participants involved with the implementation of the CSO/Stormwater Sampling Plan. The QAPP includes information on organization, responsibilities, procedures, quality control checks, data management and reporting. The QAPP provides guidance, specifications, and standardized procedures to assure that:

• proper preventive maintenance, equipment calibration, and approved analytical protocols will be implemented so that all field measurements and analytical results will be valid;

• monitoring is conducted using sample tracking systems and Chain of Custody procedures that properly identify samples being collected and insure the control of those samples from field collection through analysis and data reduction;

• records are produced and retained to document the quality of samples collected and analyzed and the validity of applied procedures;

• generated data is validated; and

• calculations, evaluations, and decisions completed or deduced based on the results of the monitoring are accurate, appropriate, and consistent with the objectives of the plan.

Individuals responsible for conducting sampling and analysis as specified in this Sampling Plan must review, become familiar with, and conduct activities in accordance with the requirements of the QAPP.



3 HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN

A Health and Safety Plan (HASP) has been developed by the Contractor for implementation of this Sampling Plan. The HASP includes safety precaution information and emergency procedures and specifies procedures necessary to comply with all applicable Federal (e.g. OSHA), State, and local regulations, including manhole work and confined space entry.

Individuals responsible for conducting sampling and analysis as specified in this Sampling Plan must review, become familiar with, and conduct activities in accordance with the requirements of the HASP. In addition, all individuals conducting sampling and monitoring activities as specified in this plan must have applicable training certifications as outlined in the HASP.



4 MONITORING TEAM

The monitoring team consists of a project manager, field manager, QA/QC manager, and sampling crews. Responsibilities of each position are listed in Table 4-1.

Table 4-1

Contractor Team Member Responsibilities

Role Contractor Personnel Responsibilities

Contractor Project Manager

Tom Wallace • Implementation of the Sampling Plan

• Resource allocation

Field Managers Cassidy Luebbering and

Nick Muenks

• Staff Training • Coordinate with OCP to initiate sampling

events • Co-ordinate with laboratory and sample

submission • Mobilize field crews • Ongoing management of field staff and

equipment • Submission of field logs

Contractor QA/QC Manager

Rob Kravitz • Collection of field logs, lab results and other program documentation

• Circulation of reports results

Program Support Staff from MEC Water Resources,

Wade & Associates, DuBois Consultants,

and Perfect Personnel

• Field activities



5

5.1

MONITORING LOCATION AND FREQUENCY

This section describes the planned locations and frequency of monitoring for the CSO/Stormwater sampling program.

Monitoring Locations The CSO/stormwater sampling will be conducted at 9 CSO sites and 6 separate stormwater discharge sites. Monitoring locations are described in Table 5-1 and presented in Figure 5-1. These locations represent the range of land uses in both the combined sewer and separate storm sewer areas.



Table 5-1

Monitoring Sites

Combined Sewer Area Sampling Locations

Site ID# At or Near

CSO # Site Location Monitoring Location Description

WQCS-001 NA Blue River WWTP Gate 3 diversion to Blue River upstream of plant headworks

WQCS-002 7 Gardner Avenue

Diversion 24” overflow north of primary plant to Blue Banks structure

then Blue River

WQCS-003 I Turkey Creek Pump

Station 18' x 17' double box culvert overflow to Kansas River

WQCS-004 137 12th & Van Brunt 12’ x 17’ arch sewer overflow to Gooseneck Creek sewer WQCS-005 150 31st & Van Brunt 6’ x 6’ triple box overflow to Blue River WQCS-006 185 45th and Euclid 12” overflow feeds into 92” discharge to Brush Creek

WQCS-007 18 49th Terrace and Westwood Rd

72” overflow to Brush Creek

WQCS-008 110 69th & Cleveland 5' x 7' double box overflow to Blue River tributary WQCS-009 68 83rd Terrace & McGee 72” overflow outlet to Blue River tributary

Separate Stormwater Area Sampling Locations

Site ID# Location Drainage Area (Acres) Land Use

WQSS-801 SE 50th Terrace

& Sterling 257 Residential

WQSS-802 SE Wyandotte &

135th St 23 Industrial

WQSS-803 NW 104th Street &

N Everton Ave 46 Industrial

WQSS-804 49th Street & N Highland

44 Residential

WQSS-805 S Holmes & Minor Drive

12 Commercial

WQSS-806 Barry Road & Interstate-29

60 Commercial



Figure 5-1 CSO/Stormwater Monitoring Locations



5.2 Monitoring Frequency CSOs and stormwater will be sampled during a minimum of 4 and 3 discrete rainfall events, respectively. A discrete rainfall event is defined as having a total rainfall of at least 0.25 inches and at least a 72-hour interval since the last rainfall event. Monitored events will be distributed over the April through July 2005 period. Best efforts will be made to sample one storm event between 0.25 and 0.5 inches in the first three hours; one storm event between 0.5 and 1.0 inches in the first three hours; and one storm event greater than 1.0 inch in the first three hours. A fourth monitoring event in the CSOs can characterize any of these rainfall amounts. Coordination between the sampling contractor and the OCP Office will take place on an event-by-event and month-by-month basis to re-examine the definition of a discreet rainfall event qualifying for sampling, considering the type and number of events sampled to date.

Multiple samples will be collected for each rain event at each location and will be submitted by the Contractor to the Laboratory. At each of the 9 locations in the combined sewer area, 4 discrete samples will be collected. The discrete samples will be collected from the following intervals: between 30 to 60 minutes from the initiation of overflow; 90 to 120 minutes; 150 to 180 minutes; and 210 to 240 minutes. The Contractor will monitor the initiation of overflow and sample accordingly, as outlined in Section 6.0 Coordination and Initiation of an Event.

At the 6 locations in the separate storm sewer area, 3 discrete samples will be collected from the following intervals: between 30 to 60 minutes from the initiation of overflow; 90 to 120 minutes; and 150 to 180 minutes.

All locations may be sampled for the same rain events, or sampling can be rotated through the different locations for separate rain events. Ultimately, 9 locations and 4 events must be sampled in the combined sewer area and 6 locations and 3 events must be sampled in separate storm sewer area between April 1 and July 31, 2005. If sufficient rainfall amounts or patterns do not occur to allow sampling of the specified number of storms between April 1, 2005 and July 31, 2005, WSD may extend sampling on a monthly basis through October 2005. Sufficient rainfall is defined as no less than 11 events meeting the definition of a discrete rainfall event. As stated previously, coordination between the sampling contractor and the OCP Office will take place on an event-by-event and month-by-month basis to re-examine the definition of a discrete rainfall event qualifying for sampling, considering the type and number of events sampled to date.

Additional quality assurance/quality control samples, including field duplicates (approximately 1 in 10 samples) and field blanks (approximately 1 in 20 samples) will be collected and delivered to the Laboratory



6 COORDINATION AND INITIATION OF AN EVENT

The OCP Office, the Contractor, and the Laboratory will identify a contact person and phone number available 24 hours a day and seven days a week during the performance of this work.

The Contractor will monitor weather conditions, and the Contractor Project Manager will contact the OCP Office for each sampling event to assess whether to proceed with sampling, in the case of manual retrieval, or to submit the samples collected by an automated sampler to the Laboratory. Weather forecasts, such as those by Accuweather (www.accuweather.com), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and others, will be consulted when determining whether to initiate sampling.

It is possible that more samples will be collected than will be delivered to the Laboratory for analysis. Each time an automated sampler is triggered, the Field Manager will coordinate with the OCP Office to assess whether or not the rain event qualifies for submission of the samples for analysis. Coordination on each event will occur such that the sample holding times are not exceeded. Samples not submitted for analysis will be disposed by the Contractor in a manner consistent with State regulations, as determined by the Contractor.

The Contractor will contact the Laboratory to acquire laboratory-supplied sample containers, labels, coolers, and preservatives and will pick-up these supplies at the project laboratory. The Contractor will coordinate with the Laboratory for delivery of samples under Chain of Custody procedures (see Sections 9.6 and 9.7) within 12 hours of sample collection, recognizing that sample collection may occur during non-business hours and on weekends.



7 DOCUMENTATION

Field Documentation Forms will serve as a record of events, measurements, samples collected, and observations during field activities. All information pertinent to monitoring activities should be recorded on Field Documentation Forms and stored sequentially in a Field Log Book, preferably a three-ring binder. Entries on the Field Documentation Forms will include:

• Date;

• Names of field crew;

• Water quality meter identification number;

• Weather conditions (air temperature, cloud cover, precipitation - including the past 24 hours, and snowmelt);

• Monitoring site ID;

• Time;

• Location of measurements and sample collection;

• Field measurement results;

• Number of samples collected;

• Sample identification numbers; and

• Field observations. A Field Documentation Form is included in Appendix A.



8 FIELD MEASUREMENTS

In-stream dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, and conductivity will be measured using appropriate field instruments. A minimum of one measurement will be taken at each CSO during one of the monitoring events. A measurement will be taken in each discrete sample at each stormwater location for each monitoring event. Table 8-1 lists the parameters, location of measurement at each site, and method of measurement.

Field measurements will be conducted following the Standard Operating Procedures for Field Water Quality Measurements in Appendix B. Field instruments will be calibrated before initiating monitoring activities for each event or at the beginning of each monitoring day. A post-monitoring calibration check will also be conducted at the end of each monitoring day. All calibration and maintenance activities will be documented on the Meter Calibration and Maintenance Log (see Appendix B).

Measurements will be documented on the Field Documentation Form (see Appendix A). Documentation will include: date/time, location, type of measurement, personnel, equipment and associated calibration specifications, and general site observations (e.g., weather conditions).

Meter logs will be faxed to the OCP Office the day following a sampling effort, and a hard copy will be provided to the OCP Office within 4 days following the completion of each monitored event. All documentation, including Field Documentation Forms and Meter Calibration and Maintenance Logs, will be maintained in a field log book for the project.

Table 8-1

Field Measurements

Parameter Location of Measurement Method

Temperature

Conductivity

pH

Dissolved Oxygen

Mid-depth

of flow, as possible

Horiba, Hydrolab,

YSI, or similar meter

Sources of readily available backup monitoring equipment will be identified such that an aborted survey or significantly limited monitoring will be prevented in the case that equipment is damaged, lost or stolen.



Observations will be made at each monitoring location related to weather, flow characteristics, and visual and olfactory characteristics. These observations will be documented on the Field Documentation Form. Table 8-2 summarizes the types of observations that will be made. The field crew is encouraged to take pictures, log them on the Field Documentation Form, and include them in the Field Log Book with appropriate documentation (date, time, location, and noteworthy items).

Table 8-2

Summary of Observations

Observation Description

Floating Debris Type of trash or waste (e.g. sanitary products, beverage containers, etc.)

Visual Characteristics of Flow

Color (colorless, brown, etc) Opacity (clear, cloudy, etc)

Odor Sewage, chlorine, etc.

Depth of flow in pipe/backwater conditions

Flowing full, 1/3 depth, etc.



9

9.1

9.2

9.3

SAMPLE COLLECTION, HANDLING AND DELIVERY

The section outlines procedures for equipment installation, configuration and calibration; sample collection, handling, and delivery; and documentation.

Equipment Installation

Installation of automated sampling equipment in CSO and separate stormwater discharge locations may require entry into confined spaces. Confined space permits must be completed by the Contractor prior to field activities. All field staff entering confined spaces will be properly trained per OSHA requirements. Equipment will be installed per manufacturer’s recommendations and following the standard operating procedure for Automated Sampler Installation and Operation found in Appendix B. Following completion of sampling activities, the Contractor will remove all sampling equipment and repair and restore all sewers and surrounding areas to their condition prior to installation of equipment, as determined by WSD.

Equipment Configuration and Calibration The automated sampling equipment must be properly configured and calibrated for each specific sampling location prior to initiation of sampling activities. The Contractor may coordinate with the flow monitoring contractor when configuring the automated samplers. Automated samplers will be calibrated upon initiation of sampling activities per manufacturer’s recommendations and the calibration recorded in the Field Log Book. Automated samplers will be recalibrated as necessary.

Sample Collection Samples for laboratory analysis of water quality parameters will be collected with automated sampling equipment. As outlined in Section 5 Monitoring Location and Frequency, discrete samples will be collected at CSO sampling locations and separate stormwater discharge sampling locations.

Samples will be retrieved by field crews. The Contractor will coordinate with the OCP Office to determine whether collected samples will be sent to the laboratory for analysis. Sample information will be downloaded using software installed on a laptop computer, using a data transfer unit, or via the keypad on the sampler unit. This information will be stored in the Field Log Book.

All samples will be collected following the standard procedures for Cleaning Equipment and Surface Water Sampling provided in Appendix B. Sample containers provided by the Laboratory will be filled from sampling devices. Filtering of samples for dissolved parameters will be conducted by the



Laboratory. A summary table of the parameters, sample containers, required preservatives, and sample volumes is provided in Table 9-1.

Table 9-1

Parameter List, Sample Containers, Volumes, and Preservatives

Parameters Combined

Sewers Stormwater Container

List Preservative/ Storage

Requirements

Minimum Sample

Volume (mL)

Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS)

Turbidity

Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)

YES YES 1000 mL poly Refrigerate to 4oC 650

Fecal coliform

Escherichia coliform (E. coli) YES YES

250 mL sterilized glass

Refrigerate to 4oC 50

5-day Carbonaceous Biochemical Oxygen Demand (CBOD5)

20-day CBOD (CBOD20) YES YES 1000 mL poly Refrigerate to 4oC 1000

Total Phosphorus (TP)

Dissolved Phosphorus YES YES

250 mL poly (TP)

1000 mL poly (diss-P)

Refrigerate to 4oC

After filtering for the dissolved fraction, preserve both aliquots

with H2SO4 to pH<2

Filtering will be conducted by the Laboratory

100

Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3)

Nitrate + Nitrite (NO3+NO2)

Total Phenolics

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

YES

(except total phenolics and COD)

YES 250 mL poly Refrigerate to 4oC

Add H2SO4 to pH<2 110

Total/Dissolved Metals

Hardness YES YES 1000 mL

Refrigerate to 4oC until filtering is complete. Filtering

will be conducted by the Laboratory. Add HNO3 to

pH<2 to both aliquots (dissolved and total fractions)

250

Total Mercury (Hg) NO YES 1000 mL poly Refrigerate to 4oC

Add HNO3 to pH<2 50

Oil & Grease NO

YES (first discrete sample only)

2 x 1000 mL Glass (wide

Mouth) Add HCl to pH < 2.0 1000

Pesticides

Organic Base Neutral Acids (BNAs) NO YES

3x1 L Glass Amber

None 2000



9.4

9.5

Sample Labeling All samples will be assigned a unique identification code such that all necessary information can be attained from the sample label. Unless an alternative code is approved by the OCP, this code will identify the following:

Label: ___ ___ ___ ___ – ___ ___ ___ – ___ – ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ – ___ ___ ___ ___

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Characters 1 – 8: Sample site ID (see Table 5-1)

Character 10: Sample Type, i.e. L = liquid, S = solid, and as assigned

Characters 12 – 17: Date (e.g. September 23, 2004 = 092304)

Characters 19 – 22: Time using 24-hour clock

Example: A discrete liquid sample taken from the separate storm sewer system at SE 50th Terrace & Sterling on September 23, 2004 at 6:00 PM would be identified by the following WQSS–801–L–092304–1800. It is important to note that the dashes shown above count as characters, and must be included in input files.

In addition to the label ID, the sample bottles will be clearly marked using waterproof ink with the following information:

• Client - WSD; • Analyses - List of requested analyses to be performed from the container; • Preservatives - Preservative in the sample container; • Time - Time sample was collected; and • Crew - Crew identification.

Field blank and duplicate sample identifications are slightly different from the routine samples. Unless an alternative is approved by the OCP, the blank and duplicate identification will be in the same form as other samples except that the location ID will be QA-X. QA will designate the sample as a QA/QC sample, X is the QA Sample Number. Date and time should be recorded using the same nomenclature as other samples.

Quality Assurance/Quality Control Samples An important component of the QAPP is the collection and analysis of field Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) samples, including field blanks and field duplicates. All QA/QC samples will be collected following the Standard Operating Procedures for Surface Water Sampling in Appendix B.



Field blanks will be used to monitor potential contamination introduced into the samples by collection and handling procedures. The blank will be generated at the sample collection site by filling an empty sampling bottle with deionized, distilled water (provided by the WSD Laboratory) using the same procedure used when transferring the CSO and stormwater samples from the automated samplers to sample bottles. The blank will be returned from the field in a cooler with the regular samples. Field blanks will be collected at a frequency of one per 20 regular samples collected.

Field duplicates will be used to assess the consistency and precision of field sampling and analytical procedures. The duplicate will be collected by simultaneously filling a second sample container from the same source as the first, using identical procedures. The duplicate will be returned from the field in a cooler with the regular samples. Field duplicates will be collected at a frequency of one per every 10 regular samples collected. Duplicates will be collected on a rotating schedule.

9.6

9.7

9.8

Sample Chain of Custody Completed Chain of Custody documents will be required for all samples delivered to the laboratory for analysis. Chain of Custody documents will be initiated by the sampling crews in the field during the sampling events. The Chain of Custody document will contain the sample’s unique identification number, sample date and time, sample description, sample type, sample preservation, and analyses required. The Chain of Custody documents will remain with the samples and in the possession of the sampling crew. The original signed Chain of Custody document will accompany the samples to the laboratory. A Chain of Custody document is included in Appendix C.

Handling and Delivery Samples will be handled and transported following the Standard Operating Procedures for Sample Handling and Delivery in Appendix B. Filled sample containers will be stored in coolers on ice at 4 degrees Celsius throughout conveyance and delivery to the laboratory. Samples will be delivered to the laboratory within 12 hours of sample collection.

Field Records and Documentation Field Documentation Forms will be faxed (or emailed), along with completed Chain of Custody forms, to the OCP Office at the beginning of each day following sampling. Hard copies of the Field Documentation Form and the Chain of Custody forms will be delivered to the OCP Office within 4 days of completing each sampling event and also maintained in the Field Log Book for the project.



Appendix A Field Documentation Form

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Field Documentation Form Date: ____________________ Field Crew: Water Quality Meter ID#:___________________ Air Temperature:_________________ F or C (circle one)

Cloud Cover: none light moderate heavy (circle one)

Precipitation: none light moderate heavy snow (circle one)

Precipitation in last 24 hours: yes no (circle one)

Snowmelt: none light moderate heavy (circle one)

Site ID: Time:

Measurement/sampling location

Required Field Measurements

Temperature

(F or C) Conductivity

(µS/cm) pH D.O.

(mg/L)

Results (specify units)



Sample Collection Results

Samples collected Sample ID

If field blank collected,

Sample ID

If field duplicate collected,

Sample ID Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS)

Turbidity Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) Fecal coliform Esherichia coliform (E. coli) 5-day Carbonaceous Biochemical

Oxygen Demand (CBOD5) 20-day CBOD (CBOD20) Total Phosphorus (TP) Dissolved Phosphorus Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3)

Nitrate + Nitrite (NO3+NO2) Total Phenolics Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Total/Dissolved Metals

Hardness

Total Mercury (Hg)

Oil & Grease Pesticides Organic Base Neutral Acids (BNAs)

Field observations

Floating or submerged debris?

Visual Characteristics of Flow?

Odor? Depth of flow in pipe/backwater

conditions? Noteworthy comments

or pictures



Appendix B Standard Operating Procedures

CSO/Stormwater Sampling Page B-2 Field Water Quality Measurements Page B-5 Sample Handling and Delivery Page B-7 Equipment Cleaning Page B-9

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CSO/Stormwater Sampling 1 Introduction

This standard operating procedure (SOP) is applicable to the collection of representative liquid samples, both aqueous and non-aqueous, from sewers, streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, lagoons, and surface impoundments. It includes samples collected from depth, as well as samples collected from the surface. These typically applicable procedures have been adapted from the U.S. EPA Surface Water Sampling SOP No. 2013, dated 11/17/94 and may be varied or changed as required, dependent upon site conditions or equipment and procedural limitations. The actual procedures used should be documented in the field notes, especially if changes are made. There are two primary interferences or potential problems with representative water sampling. These include cross contamination of samples and improper sample collection. Following proper decontamination procedures and minimizing disturbance of the sample site will eliminate these problems as follows:

• Cross contamination problems can be eliminated or minimized through the use of dedicated sampling equipment. If this is not possible or practical, then decontamination of sampling equipment is necessary. Refer to the Equipment Cleaning SOP.

• Improper sample collection can involve using contaminated equipment, disturbance of the stream or impoundment substrate, and sampling in an obviously disturbed area.

2 Materials

The following materials shall be available, as required, during sampling. Back-up field instruments/equipment should be available, if required.

• Personal protective equipment (as required by the Health and Safety Plan); • Cleaning equipment (as required in the Standard Operating Procedure for Equipment Cleaning); • Appropriate sampling apparatus and accessories; • Appropriate sample bottles, preservatives (if required) and sample bottle labels; • Ziploc™-type bags; • Insulated coolers, ice, and appropriate packing material; • Chain of Custody (COC) records and custody seals; and • Field documentation forms, field log book, waterproof pen, camera and film.

3 Preparations

• Determine the extent of the sampling effort, the sampling methods to be employed, and the types and amounts of equipment and supplies needed.

• Obtain the necessary sampling and monitoring equipment to suit the task. Consider sample volume, depth, deployment circumstances (e.g. sewer configuration), types of sample, sampler composition materials, and analyses to be conducted.



• Decontaminate or pre-clean equipment and ensure that it is in working order. • Prepare scheduling and coordinate with staff, OCP Office, Laboratory, and WSD, if appropriate. • Perform a general site survey prior to site entry, in accordance with the site specific Health and

Safety Plan. 4 General Sample Collection Procedures

1. Record pertinent data on the Field Documentation form. 2. Label all sample containers with the date, time, site location, field crew, and other requested

information. 3. Don appropriate personal protective equipment (as required by the Health and Safety Plan). 4. Clean all sampling equipment prior to sample collection according to the procedures in the

Standard Operating Procedure for Equipment Cleaning. 5. If field preservation is required, place appropriate preservative into the sample container prior to

sample collection. Note the preservative and preservative column on the sample container and sampling log.

6. If any quality control samples are specified in the work plan, they will be collected in the following manner:

• Duplicate samples should be collected at the same time or immediately following one another in accordance with the above procedures;

• Trip blanks should be prepared by the laboratory and shipped with the sample bottles; Trip blanks are not to be opened at any time, except by the laboratory for analysis, and must accompany the other samples/sample bottles at all times. Be sure to log the trip blank samples on the COC before shipping samples back to the laboratory; and

• Field blanks, such as samples of water or reagents used to clean sampling equipment, should be collected directly into the sample bottle from the appropriate sampling device.

7. Record sample collection information on the Field Documentation Form and store the samples in an iced cooler as described in the Standard Operating Procedure for the Handling and Delivery of Samples.

8. Handle, pack, and deliver samples according to the procedures in Standard Operating Procedure for the Handling and Delivery of Samples.

5 Equipment-Specific Sample Collection Procedures

Characterization of combined sewer and separate stormwater discharges may require the collection of water quality samples directly from the sewer systems. Sampling methods that allow access to difficult to reach and potentially unsafe conditions may be required. Two acceptable methods are described below. The contractor should consult the objectives of the CSO/stormwater sampling plan and use their best professional judgment to insure that the sampling method selected meets all project needs, QAPP objectives, and HASP guidelines.



a) Automated Sampler Installation and Operation - CSO and stormwater samples may be collected

using automated samplers. The automated sampling equipment must be properly configured and calibrated for each specific sampling location prior to initiation of sampling activities. Proper configuration includes developing an understanding of the flow characteristics of each sampling location (for appropriate routine initiations and volumes of flow-weighted composite samples), calibration of flow monitoring devices, and testing programmed sampling protocols. Equipment will be installed and calibrated per manufacturer’s recommendations. The calibration will be recorded in the Field Log Book. For samples collected with an automatic sampler, follow these procedures: 1. Using adequate protective equipment, access the sampling station by appropriate means. 2. Review all sample containers for appropriate size and preservative. 3. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for specific guidance in using an automatic sampler. 4. Ensure that the intake is positioned such that water will be drawn during the entire sampling

period but that sediment will not 5. Fill storage space with ice, if possible. 6. Program sampler to collect samples according to the sampling plan. 7. Label and preserve the sample containers and complete all documentation.

b) Dip Sampler - A dip sampler is useful in situations where a sample is to be recovered from locations (e.g., outfall pipe, sump manhole, along a pond or lagoon bank) where direct access is limited. The long handle (or line if sampling from a bridge or other structure directly above the water body) on such a device allows access from a safe location. Sampling procedures are as follows: 1. Assemble the device in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. 2. Extend the device to the sample location and collect the sample by dipping the sampler into

the substance. 3. Retrieve the sampler and transfer the sample to the appropriate sample container.

6 Safety Advanced planning can eliminate many safety hazards. For safety reasons, all sampling should occur in pairs. If possible, the sampling crew should carry a cellular phone or other communication device, an emergency contact list, and carry basic safety equipment. The crew should be aware of potential hazards at a monitoring site and any change in weather conditions. More detailed safety information can be found in MEC Water Resources’ Health and Safety Plan.



Field Water Quality Measurements

1 Introduction

Water quality parameters, such as dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, pH, and temperature, may be measured in the field during CSO/stormwater monitoring. These parameters may be measured using individual or multi-sensor probes, as available and appropriate for each situation. The Meter Calibration and Maintenance Log is included as an attachment to this Standard Operating Procedure. 2 Materials

The following materials, as required, shall be available during field measurement of water quality: • Personal protective equipment (as specified in the Health and Safety Plan); • Temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen meters, as required; • Manufacturer's operating manuals for each instrument; • Calibration solutions appropriate for each instrument; • Tools necessary for field maintenance of instruments; • Extra batteries for the meters; • Cleaning materials (as required in the Standard Operating Procedure for Equipment Cleaning);

Distilled/deionized water; and • Appropriate forms and field notebook.

3 Procedures for Field Water Quality Measurements

1. Calibrate and operate all meters in accordance with manufacturer’s operating manuals. Record calibration in the Meter Calibration and Maintenance Log attached.

2. Setup instruments and take in-situ surface water measurements by placing meter probes at the designated location in the water body. Temperature, pH and conductivity measurements may be taken from samples collected with the automatic samplers.

3. Measure and record the meter readings for each parameter:

• Allow instrument readings to stabilize before recording, as appropriate.

4. Rinse probes off in distilled/deionized water, if required.

5. Log results and observations in Field Documentation Form.



METER CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE LOG Temperature, pH, Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen And Turbidity Meters Instrument Temperature pH Conductivity D.O. Turbidity Manufacturer Model Identification No.

Date Time Initials Temp pH Conductivity D.O. Turbidity Battery Comments

°C 4 7 10 Std: ______ µS/cm

Std: ______ NTU

Check



Sample Handling and Delivery

1 Introduction

This standard operating procedure (SOP) is applicable to the handling and delivery of samples collected in the field. Sample handling and delivery is conducted using sample tracking systems and Chain of Custody procedures that properly identify samples and ensure the control of those samples from the field through laboratory analysis. The procedures outlined in this SOP are generally applicable to any sampling activity, and may be varied or changed as required, dependent upon site conditions or equipment and procedural limitations. The actual procedures used should be documented in the field notes, especially if changes are made.

2 Labeling

All samples will be assigned a unique identification code such that all necessary information can be attained from the sample label. Refer to the Sampling Plan for specifics on the identification code. In addition to the label ID, the sample bottles will be clearly marked using waterproof ink with the following information:

• Client – WSD;

• Analyses – List of requested analyses to be performed from the container;

• Preservatives – Preservative in the sample container;

• Time – Time sample was collected, and

• Crew – Crew identification. Field blank and duplicate sample identifications are slightly different from the routine samples. Unless an alternative code is approved by the OCP, the blank and duplicate identification will be in the same form as other samples except that the location ID will be QA-X. QA will designate the sample as a QA/QC sample; X is the QA Sample Number. Date and time should be recorded using the same nomenclature as other samples.

3 Handling and Delivery

Filled sample containers will be stored in coolers on ice at 4 degrees Celsius throughout conveyance and delivery to the laboratory. Samples and coolers will be packaged appropriately for shipment. Samples will be delivered to a designated custodian at the laboratory within 12 hours of sample collection. Completed Chain of Custody documents will be required for all samples delivered to the laboratory for analysis. The field sampling crews will prepare the Chain of Custody documents during or directly after the sampling events. The Chain of Custody document will contain the sample:

• Unique identification number;

• Date and time;



• Sample description;

• Sample type;

• Sample preservation, and

• Analyses required. The Chain of Custody documents will remain with the samples and in the possession of the sampling crew. The original signed Chain of Custody document will accompany the samples to the laboratory. A copy of the COC will be retained for field documentation. A Chain of Custody document is included in Appendix C of the Sampling Plan.



Equipment Cleaning

1 Introduction

The equipment cleaning procedures described in this document include pre-field, in-field, and post-field cleaning of sampling equipment. The sampling equipment may consist of sampling devices; field instruments; or other activity-specific sampling equipment. All non-disposable sampling equipment will be cleaned after completion of each sampling event. 2 Materials

The following materials will be available during equipment cleaning, as needed: • Personal protection equipment (as required in the Health and Safety Plan); • Distilled/deionized water; • Non-phosphate detergent (e.g. Liquinox or equivalent); • Tap water; • Wash basins (e.g. 5-gallon pails); • Brushes; • Aluminum foil; • Large heavy-duty garbage bags; • Spray bottles (to hold tap water and distilled/deionized water); and • Disposable and/or heavy-duty reusable (PVC, latex or nitrile) gloves.

3 Storage of Equipment

All cleaned sampling equipment will be stored in a clean environment and, if appropriate, the equipment will be covered/sealed with aluminum foil. 4 Field Cleaning Procedures

a) Cleaning of Sample Collection Devices - Cleaning of sampling equipment will be conducted according to the following sequential procedure: • Non-phosphate detergent (e.g. Liquinox or equivalent) and tap water scrub; • Tap water rinse; and • Triple distilled/deionized water rinse.

The first step, non-phosphate detergent and tap water scrub, is intended to remove all visible particulate matter and residual oil and grease. The tap water rinse is necessary to remove all soapy residues. The final rinse of distilled/deionized water will be repeated three times.

b) Collection and Disposal of Rinse Solutions - All rinse waters generated during the cleaning of

equipment on-site will be collected, containerized, and disposed of in a sink or spread on a vegetated area away from streams.



Appendix C Chain of Custody Document

NOTE: This Chain of Custody form is provided as an example. A project-specific form will be created

by the Contractor once sample labeling and container lists are finalized.

CSO-SW_Sampling_Plan_060905_Rev1.doc REV1 FINAL 6/09/2005 C-1


CSO-SW_Sampling_Plan_060905_Rev1.doc REV1 FINAL 6/09/2005 C-2

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