K2 HEDGE FUND STRATEGY OUTLOOK€¦ · value investors regardless of the continued direction of the...

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K2 HEDGE FUND STRATEGY OUTLOOK Q2 2020

Transcript of K2 HEDGE FUND STRATEGY OUTLOOK€¦ · value investors regardless of the continued direction of the...

Page 1: K2 HEDGE FUND STRATEGY OUTLOOK€¦ · value investors regardless of the continued direction of the broader capital markets. ... S&P 500 Index in the subsequent three months as cyclical

K2 HEDGE FUNDSTRATEGY OUTLOOK

Q2 2020

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Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

For Institutional/Professional Investor and Consultant Use Only—Not for Use with Retail Investors.2

Q2 2020 Outlook: Summary

Discretionary Global Macro

Extreme volatility may provide compelling opportunities for cross-asset managers, especially those who can take a nimble approach. Asset class or regional specialists may be well-suited to profit as externally driven dislocations create attractive entry points.

Fixed Income Relative Value

Fixed income markets are experiencing significant levels of stress. These types of dislocations can present attractive trading opportunities for well-capitalized managers focused on relative value strategies.

Long/Short Equity—Technology

The technology opportunity set is a result of notable intra-sector dispersion. Valuation and earnings metrics may be uncertain, but fundamental dispersion is clear as segments of technology will win and others may lag post-COVID-19.

In our view, pricing dislocations between companies, industries, regions and asset classes due to the impact of COVID-19 and corresponding price adjustments offer abundant opportunities for select hedged strategies. The length and depth of both the economic supply-and-demand curve adjustments are key to the richness and tenor of the opportunities.

Strategy Highlights

Long/Short Equity There is a beta opportunity as investors have priced in flat-to-negative corporate earnings growth and a recession. There is also an alpha opportunity as managers take advantage of increased dispersion and market dislocation.

Relative Value After the initial volatility spike, we expect to see continued significant dispersion between asset classes and individual securities, creating a very favorable environment for relative value investors regardless of the continued direction of the broader capital markets.

Event Driven Significantly wider spreads and more volatility should lead to profitable trading, but in the absence of opportunistic corporate activity, deal volumes are likely to remain muted. Disruptions in the capital markets are likely to negatively impact special situations investing.

Credit Market volatility can create winners and losers from which long/short credit managers may benefit. Structured products have sold off meaningfully due, in large part, to technical pressures rather than fundamentals, which could make for an attractive entry point.

Global Macro The macro opportunity set has been bolstered by an increase in cross-asset volatility. Dislocations present compelling directional and relative value trading opportunities, especially for agile managers.

Commodities Geopolitical tensions have led to extreme energy dislocations creating an attractive opportunity set given the price reset, but we are more cautious near-term given the lack of transparency on government intervention. Niche commodities continue to generate attractive performance and offer a better opportunity set, in our view.

Insurance-Linked Securities (ILS)

We believe pricing was attractive across all ILS natural catastrophe risk tiers heading into the recent period of heightened market volatility. The need for liquidity led to increased selling pressure in the catastrophe (cat) bond market, providing an even more attractive near-term yield.

This presentation is provided to you for informational purposes and is not intended for redistribution. It shall not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy an interest in any investment product or fund. This presentation discusses strategies that are available through a variety of structures such as separate accounts, mutual funds and private funds. Not all structures are available for all strategies shown. Interests or shares of an investment fund are offered only through the fund’s offering documents, such as a Prospectus or Confidential Private Offering Memorandum.

Strategy Outlook

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3Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

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Sector, Geographical and Asset-Class Rotations in Full SwingEven before COVID-19 affected global markets, we were expecting sector rotations, geographical movements and asset class rebalancing to occur, creating a rich environment for alpha generation. Today, the theme is even stronger, but due to the depth and length of the COVID-19 impact, the energy sector, as well as several industries including transportation, travel, restaurant and retail shopping now face challenges that were never part of the business plan. Technology, health care, online gaming and entertainment, and food delivery are experiencing tailwinds also not foreseen. Regional differences in social distancing, hence infection rates, will affect countries and regions in various ways. We expect interest rates and foreign exchange rates to provide a “relief valve” for pressures elsewhere, creating a very rich opportunity set for managers deploying risk in those asset classes.

How Long and How Deep Will COVID-19 Impact the Economy, Consumer and Government Actions?Clearly, both demand and supply curves are in the midst of repricing the impact of COVID-19, which we have labeled a health crisis impacting the financial and labor markets. The length and depth of COVID-19’s impact will affect the speed and degree of repricing going forward. If the global infection curves flatten and/or a vaccination becomes available, then mean reversion of risk-on repricing will quickly emerge. On the other hand, if the death count rises to unimaginable numbers, the virus mutates or the lockdown continues longer than a few months, then risk-off sentiment will return and be reflected in security pricing.

Has the Health Crisis Created a Deleveraging and Risk-Reducing Unwind?In mid-February, no one wanted to hold cash as money market rates were paying very little in yield, if anything, and the opportunity cost of missing out on other investment opportunities was estimated to be large—even larger if one were to borrow at

historically low rates and employ leverage to enhance return on investments. The leverage unwind and “dash for cash” put central banks in the position of having to lower rates and buy securities from the crowd looking to unwind and reduce risk. This has created dislocation in areas of sovereign fixed income, corporate credit and structured credit with the largest dislocation occurring in structured credit.

How Long Can Volatility Stay this High?The best trade over the last ten years has been to be short volatility, sell volatility spikes, and be short gamma. Numerous firms were created and prospered utilizing such strategies and methodologies. COVID-19 killed these strategies in one big swoop in March 2020, putting some firms out of business and causing managers relying solely on this approach to have unthoughtful losses and at a faster rate than ever imagined. As in most risk-off scenarios, volatility rose, liquidity evaporated and correlations spiked. For all hedged strategies, this was a huge challenge to navigate such an environment. Managers that adapted quickly fared better than those that did not. In general, convergent strategies were very challenged and divergent strategies performed better.

In Conclusion…We think the bull run of one-dimensional passive beta play has ended. The current market turmoil puts active investment management in-vogue again. We strongly believe that skilled active managers who have access to a full toolbox to express their views are best positioned to take advantage of a very dynamic marketplace going forward.

The above reflects the opinions of the K2 Investment & Research Management (IRM) group as of April 1, 2020, and may not reflect the views of other groups within K2 or Franklin Templeton. The information provided is not a complete analysis of every material fact regarding any country, market, industry, security or fund. Because market and economic conditions are subject to change, comments, opinions and analyses are rendered as of the date of this material and may change without notice. A portfolio manager’s assessment of a particular security, investment or strategy is not intended as individual investment advice or a recommendation or solicitation to buy, sell or hold any security or to adopt any investment strategy; it is intended only to provide insight into the fund’s portfolio selection process.

Macro Themes We Are Discussing

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Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

For Institutional/Professional Investor and Consultant Use Only—Not for Use with Retail Investors.4

Source: Bloomberg, as of March 31, 2020. Important data provide notices and terms available at www.franklintempletondatasources.com. Indexes are unmanaged and one cannot invest directly in them. They do not reflect any fees, expenses or sales charges. Past performance is not an indicator or a guarantee of future performance.

Stress in Fixed Income Markets : FRA-OIS Spread 3MJanuary 1, 2013–March 31, 2020

Discretionary Global MacroPeriods of heightened volatility can provide a robust opportunity set for discretionary macro strategies, which may profit from the dislocations themselves or from the resulting mispricings. We think nimble cross-asset managers can find success in the current environment as volatility remains above stubbornly low levels endured in recent years and as macro trends continue to dominate the prevailing market narrative. Recent dislocations may also provide the foundations for an attractive opportunity set for longer-term, value-driven strategies.

across the technology sector. There are technologies that have been integral to the economy as companies have shifted to a nearly complete mobile working environment through cloud infrastructure and other remote software while other companies have seen business come to a halt. Examples of winners vs. losers could include cloud vs. on-premises; domestic production vs. global supply chain; e-commerce vs. retail; e-payments and banking vs. ATMs and point of sale; and software vs. hardware. There is also a beta opportunity as technology companies historically emerge as winners following significant drawdowns. In the past six periods when the S&P 500 Index sold off at least 20%, the technology sector has outperformed the S&P 500 Index in the subsequent three months as cyclical sectors outperform defensive sectors.

Q2 2020 Outlook: Strategy Highlights

Fixed Income Relative ValueVarious metrics of risk and volatility in traditional fixed income are showing historic levels of stress, propagating through to even the most liquid parts of the capital markets. Significant coordinated efforts by the various central banks and regulators are now laser-focused on restoring liquidity and stability in these markets, which serve as the backbone of capital flow activity and the primary mechanism for delivering federal stimulus to the real economy. These types of dislocations and subsequent recoveries can present incredibly attractive trading opportunities for well-capitalized managers focused on relative value strategies across a broad range of capital markets.

Long/Short Equity—TechnologyWe expect Long/Short Equity—Technology managers to be able to exploit both alpha and beta opportunities going forward. Dispersion, which is the alpha opportunity, should be broad-based

Cross-Asset VolatilityJanuary 1, 2008–March 31, 2020

Source: Bloomberg, as of March 31, 2020. Important data provide notices and termsavailable at www.franklintempletondatasources.com. A basis point is a unit of measurement. One basis point is equal to 0.01%. Indexes are unmanaged and one cannot invest directly in them.

Technology Sector Outperforms Post-S&P 500 Index 20% Drawdown1990–2020

Source: Bloomberg. Important data provider notices and terms available at www.franklintempletondatasources.com. Past performance is not an indicator or a guarantee of future performance.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Jan-08 Jul-10 Jan-13 Jul-15 Jan-18

VIX Index CVIX Index MOVE Index

Level (Indexed)

0102030405060708090

Jan-13 Jul-14 Jan-16 Jul-17 Jan-19

Basis Points

12.7%13.1%

14.0%16.0%

18.4%20.4%

22.5%22.7%

23.8%28.2%

29.6%32.6%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0%

S&P Cons StaplesS&P Healthcare

S&P UtilitiesS&P Energy

S&P Comm ServicesS&P 500 IndexS&P Cons DiscS&P Materials

S&P IndustrialsS&P Real Estate

S&P Info TechS&P Financials

Mar-20

Mar-20

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5Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

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Q2 2020 Outlook by Strategy

Long/Short Equity

We believe that there is a tailwind for Long/Short Equity managers given current market levels. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the largest equity drawdown since the global financial crisis due to concerns of flat-to-negative corporate earnings growth and a looming recession. Since then, investors have been identifying companies that have been oversold and those that are set to benefit from a post-COVID-19 economic environment. Managers have significantly reduced gross and net exposures with cash ready to be redeployed. We believe they are equipped to take advantage of the elevated levels of market volatility and dispersion.

Relative Value An unprecedented pickup in volatility has led to a massive correlation spike across individual securities and broad asset classes. As long-term effects of the current shock and policy responses begin to propagate throughout the financial system, we expect a meaningful pickup in dispersion across all markets. This should have the potential to be very profitable for relative value strategies, which should find attractive trading opportunities regardless of the overall direction of the broader capital markets. As one example, the convertible bond basis has come under pressure given selling from directional accounts, significantly cheapening the market. This could represent a buying opportunity, even though issuance is likely to remain light until volatility declines.

Event Driven The magnitude of the recent shock has led to a short-term dislocation in merger-arbitrage spreads, which our managers are actively exploiting. Longer term, however, we expect deal volumes to remain low given the long-term uncertainties associated with the current health and economic crisis. Spreads and volatility are likely to remain wide, offering attractive trading opportunities for the more experienced managers in the space that have business stability and staying power, even as weaker hands get shaken out by the markets. Special situations strategies may face continued pressures because of the current dislocation in the capital markets, leading us to underweight the strategy in the near-term.

Credit The extreme volatility in credit markets in March has created near-term pain for some credit managers but could also result in a very compelling opportunity set. In Long/Short Credit, managers may be able to generate alpha by picking among sectors and issuers that will survive and those that will face serious challenges to business models and capital structures. Structured products have sold off meaningfully in March, making for a potentially attractive entry point. Certainly, some of the selloff is warranted considering the economic challenges, but the severity of the risk-off move is to a significant extent technical in nature due to forced selling by levered market participants given margin calls and fund redemptions. The outlook for distressed is improved on the margin given the expected increase in activity. Direct lending managers will likely face higher defaults, so having workout experience and asset management capabilities will be key.

Arrows represent any change since the last quarter-end.

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Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

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Q2 2020 Outlook by Strategy

Global Macro A heightened volatility environment can provide a fertile opportunity set for tactical cross-asset discretionary macro traders. These managers may profit from market moves that are dominated by macro shifts, including developments in monetary and fiscal policies. The dislocations observed in the first quarter of 2020 may also provide opportunities for longer-term managers to take advantage of stressed valuations, including in emerging markets. Quantitative macro strategies have potential to perform well but may be challenged if driving factors like market momentum fail to persist over a reasonable period as market participants seek to anticipate developments in policy responses.

Commodities Geopolitical tensions have led to extreme energy dislocations. In early March, Saudi Arabia and Russia embarked on an oil-price war, flooding the market with ample oil supply. The coronavirus outbreak and subsequent country-level lockdowns caused significant demand destruction. The combination of increased supply and reduced demand led to the lowest oil prices in nearly 18 years. We see an attractive future opportunity set given the price reset but are more cautious near term given lack of transparency on government intervention and timeframe in which COVID-19 will continue to impair demand. Additional price dispersion across niche strategies, including carbon, European natural gas and metals, provide attractive opportunities over the near term.

Insurance-LinkedSecurities

The cat bond market is seeing attractive pricing as the need for liquidity elsewhere given amplified global market volatility led to increased secondary market selling pressure. This selling pressure has widened cat bond spreads going into the second quarter, andprovides a potentially attractive near-term entry point. For private non-life strategies, focus is on the April 1 Japanese renewal period following another year of losses. After April 1 renewals is the June 1 Florida renewal period. We were expecting increased risk-adjusted rates prior to COVID-19. The virus outbreak will likely lead to additional positive rate pressure. The life securitization sector has faced minimal losses so far from the coronavirus outbreak, which continues to develop. Life strategy repricing is not as clear at this time.

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7Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

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> +1 Strongly Overweight+0.5 to +1 Overweight-0.5 to +0.5 Neutral-1 to -0.5 Underweight< -1 Strongly Underweight

Outlook Trend for Strategies and Sub-Strategies Sub-Strategies Ranked by Z-Score

Strategies Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Changes

Long/Short Equity —

Long/Short Equity

Equity Market Neutral

Activist

Europe

Asia —

Technology

Healthcare —

Relative Value —

Convertible Arbitrage —

Volatility Arbitrage

Fixed Income

Event Driven —

Merger Arbitrage —

Special Situations —

Credit —

Direct Lending

Distressed —

Long/Short Credit

Structured Credit —

Global Macro

Discretionary

Systematic —

Emerging Markets

Commodities —

Oil & Products —

Agriculture

Metals

US Natural Gas —

Insurance-Linked Securities —

Catastrophe Bonds

Private Transactions

Life Securitization —

Retrocessional

Industry Loss Warranties

The K2 Investment Research & Management (IRM) Outlook Scores are the opinions of the K2 IRM group as of the date indicated and may not reflect the views of other groups within K2 or Franklin Templeton. Scores are determined relative to other hedge fund strategies and do not represent an opinion regarding absolute expected future performance or risk of any strategy or substrategy. Scores are determined by the K2 IRM group based on a variety of factors deemed relevant to the analyst(s) covering the strategy or substrategy and may change from time to time in K2’s sole discretion. In certain sections of this presentation, outlook scores are rounded to the nearest whole number. These scores are only one of several factors that K2 uses in making investment recommendations, which may vary based on a client’s specific investment objectives, risk tolerance and other considerations. Therefore, underweightings and overweightings as shown are meant to indicate K2's view of relative attractiveness of hedge strategies and are not meant to indicate that a particular strategy or sub-strategy should be overweighted or underweighted, respectively, in any given portfolio. This information contains a general discussion of certain strategies pursued by underlying hedge strategies, which may be allocated across several K2 strategies. This discussion is not meant to represent a discussion of the overall performance of any K2 strategy. Specific performance information relating to K2 strategies is available from K2.

Rankings (Top Down) Z-Score

Volatility Arbitrage 1.5

Emerging Markets 1.3

Discretionary 1.2

Cat Bonds 0.9

Retrocessional 0.9

Fixed Income 0.7

Structured Credit 0.5

Technology 0.5

Activist 0.4

Private Transactions 0.4

ILWs 0.4

Long/Short Credit 0.4

Healthcare 0.3

Long/Short Equity 0.2

Systematic 0.1

Equity Market Neutral 0.1

Convertible Arbitrage 0.1

Merger Arbitrage 0.0

Europe -0.1

US Natural Gas -0.1

Asia -0.3

Oil & Products -0.4

Metals -0.5

Agriculture -0.5

Special Situations -1.4

Distressed -1.6

Direct Lending -1.9

Life Securitization -3.0

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Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

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GlossaryAlphaA mathematical value indicating an investment's excess return relative to a benchmark. Measures a manager's value added relative to a passive strategy, independent of the market movement.

BackwardationA market condition in which the price of a commodity's forward or futures contract is trading below the spot price.

CorrelationThe degree of interaction between an investment’s return and that of the comparison Index. The correlation coefficient, expressed as a value between +1 and –1, indicates the strength and direction of the linear relationship between the investment’s returns and the returns of the index.

RetrocessionalA type of insurance contract that allows a re-insurer to transfer risks it has re-insured to another re-insurer.

Z-scoreA Z-score is a numerical measurement used in statistics of a value's relationship to the mean (average) of a group of values, measured in terms of standard deviations from the mean. If a Z-score is 0, it indicates that the data point's score is identical to the mean score.

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9Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

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Notes

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Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

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Notes

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11Hedge Fund Strategy Outlook—Q2 2020

For Institutional/Professional Investor and Consultant Use Only—Not for Use with Retail Investors.

DISCLOSUREThe K2 Investment Research & Management (IRM) Outlook Scores are the opinions of the K2 IRM group as of the date indicated and may not reflect the views of other groups within K2 or Franklin Templeton. Scores are determined relative to other hedge fundstrategies and do not represent an opinion regarding absolute expected future performance or risk of any strategy or substrategy. Scores are determined by the K2 IRM group based on a variety of factors deemed relevant to the analyst(s) covering the strategy or substrategy and may change from time to time in K2's sole discretion. These scores are only one of several factors that K2 uses in making investment recommendations, which may vary based on a client's specific investment objectives, risk tolerance and other considerations. Therefore, a positive or negative score may not indicate that a particular strategy or substrategy should be overweighted or underweighted, respectively, in any given portfolio.This information contains a general discussion of certain strategies pursued by underlying hedge strategies, which may be allocated across several K2 strategies. This document is intended to be of general interest only and does not constitute legal or tax advice nor is it an offer for shares or invitation to apply for shares of any of the funds employing K2 strategies. Nothing in this document should be construed as investment advice. Specific performance information relating to K2 strategies is available from K2. This presentation should not be reproduced without the written consent of K2.Past performance is not an indicator or guarantee of future results.Certain information contained in this document represents or is based upon forward-looking statements or information, including descriptions of anticipated market changes and expectations of future activity. K2 believes that such statements and information are based upon reasonable estimates and assumptions. However, forward-looking statements and information are inherently uncertain and actual events or results may differ from those projected. Therefore, too much reliance should not be placed on such forward-looking statements and information.Professional care and diligence have been exercised in the collection of information in this document. However, data from third party sources may have been used in its preparation and Franklin Templeton/K2 has not independently verified, validated or audited such data.Any research and analysis contained in this document has been procured by Franklin Templeton/K2 Investments for its own purposesand is provided to you only incidentally. Franklin Templeton/K2 shall not be liable to any user of this document or to any other person or entity for the inaccuracy of information or any errors or omissions in its contents, regardless of the cause of such inaccuracy, error or omission.

WHAT ARE THE RISKS?All investments involve risks, including possible loss or principal. Investments in alternative investment strategies and hedge funds (collectively, “Alternative Investments”) are complex and speculative investments, entail significant risk and should not be considered a complete investment program. Financial Derivative instruments are often used in alternative investment strategies and involve costs and can create economic leverage in the fund's portfolio which may result in significant volatility and cause the fund to participate in losses (as well as gains) in an amount that significantly exceeds the fund's initial investment. Depending on the product invested in, an investment in Alternative Investments may provide for only limited liquidity and is suitable only for persons who can afford to lose the entire amount of their investment. There can be no assurance that the investment strategies employed by K2 or the managers of the investment entities selected by K2 will be successful.The identification of attractive investment opportunities is difficult and involves a significant degree of uncertainty. Returns generated from Alternative Investments may not adequately compensate investors for the business and financial risks assumed. An investment in Alternative Investments is subject to those market risks common to entities investing in all types of securities, including market volatility. Also, certain trading techniques employed by Alternative Investments, such as leverage and hedging, may increase the adverse impact to which an investment portfolio may be subject.Depending on the structure of the product invested, Alternative Investments may not be required to provide investors with periodic pricing or valuation and there may be a lack of transparency as to the underlying assets. Investing in Alternative Investments may also involve tax consequences and a prospective investor should consult with a tax advisor before investing. In addition to direct asset-based fees and expenses, certain Alternative Investments such as funds of hedge funds incur additional indirect fees, expenses and asset-based compensation of investment funds in which these Alternative Investments invest.

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Australia: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments Australia Limited (ABN 87 006 972 247) (Australian Financial Services License Holder No. 225328), Level 19, 101 Collins Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000. Austria/Germany: FTIS Branch Frankfurt/Main, Mainzer Landstr. 16, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany. Tel +49 (0) 69/27223-557, Fax +49 (0) 69/27223-622,[email protected] Canada: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments Corp., 5000 Yonge Street, Suite 900 Toronto, ON, M2N 0A7, Fax:(416) 364-1163,(800) 387-0830, www.franklintempleton.ca. Netherlands: Franklin Templeton International Services S.à r.l., Dutch Branch , World Trade Center Amsterdam, H-Toren, 5e verdieping, Zuidplein 36, 1077 XV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Tel +31 (0) 20 575 2890. United Arab Emirates: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments (ME) Limited, authorized and regulated by the Dubai Financial Services Authority. Dubai office: Franklin Templeton Investments, The Gate, East Wing, Level 2, Dubai International Financial Centre, P.O. Box 506613, Dubai, U.A.E., Tel.: +9714-4284100 Fax:+9714-4284140. France: Issued by Franklin Templeton France S.A., 20 rue de la Paix, 75002 Paris France. Hong Kong: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments (Asia) Limited, 17/F, Chater House, 8 Connaught Road Central, Hong Kong. Italy: Issued by Franklin Templeton International Services S.à.r.l. – Italian Branch, Corso Italia, 1 – Milan, 20122, Italy. Japan: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments Japan Limited. Korea: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investment Trust Management Co., Ltd., 3rd fl., CCMM Building, 12 Youido-Dong, Youngdungpo-Gu, Seoul, Korea 150-968. Luxembourg/Benelux: Issued by Franklin Templeton International Services S.à r.l. – Supervised by the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier - 8A, rue Albert Borschette, L-1246 Luxembourg - Tel:+352-46 66 67-1 - Fax:+352-46 66 76. Malaysia: Issued by Franklin Templeton Asset Management (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. & Franklin Templeton GSC Asset Management Sdn. Bhd. Poland: Issued by Templeton Asset Management (Poland) TFI S.A.; Rondo ONZ 1; 00-124 Warsaw. Romania: Issued by Bucharest branch of Franklin Templeton Investment Management Limited (“FTIML”) registered with the Romania Financial Supervisory Authority under no. PJM01SFIM/400005/14.09.2009, and authorized and regulated in the UK by the Financial Conduct Authority. Singapore: Issued by Templeton Asset Management Ltd. Registration No. (UEN) 199205211E. 7 Temasek Boulevard, #38-03 Suntec Tower One, 038987, Singapore. Spain: FTIS Branch Madrid, Professional of the Financial Sector under the Supervision of CNMV, José Ortega y Gasset 29, Madrid, Spain. Tel +34 91 426 3600, Fax +34 91 577 1857. South Africa: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investments SA (PTY) Ltd which is an authorised Financial Services Provider. Tel:+27 (21) 831 7400 ,Fax:+27 (21) 831 7422. Switzerland: Issued by Franklin Templeton Switzerland Ltd, Stockerstrasse 38, CH-8002 Zurich. UK: Issued by Franklin Templeton Investment Management Limited (FTIML), registered office: Cannon Place, 78 Cannon Street, London EC4N 6HLTel +44 (0)20 7073 8500. Authorized and regulated in the United Kingdom by the Financial Conduct Authority. Nordic regions: Issued by Franklin Templeton International Services S.à r.l. , Contact details: Franklin Templeton International Services S.à r.l., Swedish Branch, filial, Blasieholmsgatan 5, SE-111 48, Stockholm, Sweden. Tel +46 (0)8 545 012 30, [email protected], authorised in the Luxembourg by the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier to conduct certain financial activities in Denmark, in Sweden, in Norway, in Iceland and in Finland. Franklin Templeton International Services S.à r.l., Swedish Branch, filial conducts activities under supervision of Finansinspektionen in Sweden. Offshore Americas: In the U.S., this publication is made available only to financial intermediaries by Templeton/Franklin Investment Services, 100 Fountain Parkway, St. Petersburg, Florida 33716. Tel:(800) 239-3894 (USA Toll-Free),(877) 389-0076 (Canada Toll-Free), and Fax: (727) 299-8736.Investments are not FDIC insured; may lose value; and are not bank guaranteed. Distribution outside the U.S. may be made by Templeton Global Advisors Limited or other sub-distributors, intermediaries, dealers or professional investors that have been engaged by Templeton Global Advisors Limited to distribute shares of Franklin Templeton funds in certain jurisdictions. This is not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to purchase securities in any jurisdiction where it would be illegal to do so.Please visit www.franklinresources.com to be directed to your local Franklin Templeton website.

IMPORTANT LEGAL INFORMATION

This material is intended to be of general interest only and should not be construed as individual investment advice or a recom-mendation or solicitation to buy, sell or hold any security or to adopt any investment strategy. It does not constitute legal or tax advice.The views expressed are those of the investment manager and the comments, opinions and analyses are rendered as at April 13, 2020 and may change without notice. The information provided in this material is not intended as a complete analysis of every material fact regarding any country, region or market.All investments involve risks, including possible loss of principal.Data from third party sources may have been used in the preparation of this material and Franklin Templeton Investments (“FTI”) has not independently verified, validated or audited such data. FTI accepts no liability whatsoever for any loss arising from use of this information and reliance upon the comments opinions and analyses in the material is at the sole discretion of the user.Products, services and information may not be available in all jurisdictions and are offered outside the U.S. by other FTI affiliates and/or their distributors as local laws and regulation permits. Please consult your own professional adviser or Franklin Templeton institutional contact for further information on availability of products and services in your jurisdiction.The information in this document is provided by K2 Advisors. K2 Advisors is a wholly owned subsidiary of K2 Advisors Holdings, LLC, which is a majority-owned subsidiary of Franklin Templeton Institutional, LLC, which, in turn, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN). K2 operates as an investment group of Franklin Templeton Alternative Strategies, a division of Franklin Resources, Inc., a global investment management organization operating as Franklin Templeton.Issued in the U.S. by Franklin Templeton, One Franklin Parkway, San Mateo, California 94403-1906, (800) DIAL BEN/342-5236, franklintempleton.com—Investments are not FDIC insured; may lose value; and are not bank guaranteed.