K u v e m p u U n i v e r s i t y Sem4 PD Assignment for B.sc.(IT) Course

8/3/2019 K u v e m p u U n i v e r s i t y Sem4 PD Assignment for B.sc.(IT) Course

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PD ans TB

Ans 1- Definition

Behaviour which enables a person to act in his or her own best interest, to stand up for herself or himself,

without undue anxiety, to express honest feeling comfortably, or to exercise personal rights without

denying the rights of others, we call Assertive Behaviour. 1

Let us examine the element of that complex sentence in greater detail.

To act in one's own best interest :refers to the capacity to make life decisions (career, relationship, life

style, time activities), to take initiative (start conversations, organize activities), to trust one's own

judgment, to set goals and work to achieve them, to ask for help from others, to comfortably participate

socially.

To stand up for oneself:includes such behaviours as saying `No', setting limits on one's time and energy,

responding to criticism, or putdowns or anger, expressing or supporting or defending one's opinions.

Barriers to Assertiveness

What are some of the barriers to asserting oneself? Alberti and Emmons say, " . . . We have found whilehelping thousands of people to learn to express themselves more effectively, that there are threesignificant barriers to self assertiveness:

1. Many people do not believe that they have right to be assertive.2. Many people are highly anxious/fearful about being assertive.3. Many people lack the social skills for effective self expression.

However, research had shown that learning to make assertive responses will inhabit or weaken theanxiety previously experienced in specific interpersonal relations.

Ans 2- What is Career Planning?

Career planning is a lifelong process, which includes choosing an occupation, getting a job, growing inour job, possibly changing careers, and eventually retiring. The Career Planning Site offers coverage ofall these areas. This article will focus on career choice and the process one goes through in selectingan occupation. This may happen once in our lifetimes, but it is more likely to happen several times aswe first define and then redefine ourselves and our goals.

Career Planning: A Four Step Process

The career planning process is comprised of four steps. One might seek the services of acareerdevelopment professionalto help facilitate his or her journey through this process. Whether or not youchoose to work with a professional, or work through the process on your own is less important thanthe amount of thought and energy you put into choosing a career.

Self

Gather information about yourself(self assessment)

Interests Values Roles Skills/Aptitudes
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Preferred Environments Developmental Needs Your realities

Options

Explore the occupationsin which you are interested Research theindustriesin which you would like to work Research theLabor Market

Get more specific information after you narrow down your options by:

Job Shadowing Part time work,internships, orvolunteer opportunities Written materials Informational interviews

Match

During this phase of the process, you will:

Identify possible occupations Evaluate these occupations Explore alternatives Choose both a short term and a long term option

Action

You willdevelop the stepsyou need to take in order to reach your goal, for example:

Investigating sources of additionaltraining and education, if needed Developing a job search strategy Writing your resume Gathering company information Composing cover letters Preparing for job interviews

http://careerplanning.about.com/cs/choosingacareer/a/cp_process.htm

ans 3-http://www.communication-skills-4confidence.com/improve-communication-skills.html

To help our visitors get started on the right note, we have designed a a very effectiveprogram called the3 Steps to Maximize Influence. It has been tested over a few thousand of

our visitors and improved based on their feedback.

Thousands have benefited by following our 3 Steps program and you can be one of them. Ithas three simple steps that you can use today to help you become better at influencing
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people. I suggest you take the communication skills test, which will then subscribe you tothe free 3-step program, a perfect way to start your skills development.

The 3 Steps are,1. Learn how to Ground yourself to Convert your nervous energy into confidence.2. Develop Sensory Alertness and recognize the three primary sensory channels.

3. Learn how to build rapport very quickly

Now you would be more than happy to attend a $500 workshop on this, But I am making

available to you for almost free. almost because you need to fill in your email address and

name to access this report

ans4-

ans -6 A brief insight to the above qualities is given in the following paragraphs:

1) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Visual impact is the first impression that you make on others. Factors which help

are cleanliness, proper clothing, smartness and cheerfulness. Try to be at your visual best

always.

2) COMMUNICATION SKILLS

Communication skills play a very important role in your personality rating. Communication

Skills comprises of speaking ability, comprehension, voiceculture as well as writing skills . Also

, if you are a good conversationalist as well as a good listener and genuinely interested in otherpeople, you can win many friends and make a good impression on others.

3) KNOWLEDGE

A wide and prospective knowledge in addition to depth in your own field of study greatly

helps in the building up of your personality. This needs wide reading and assimilation,observation and inquisitiveness to learn and also interaction with learned experienced people.

4) SKILLS- (PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL)

Development o pertinent skills needed for your professional work and personal life greatlyenhances your personality. Some of the important ones are leadership skills, organizations skills,practical skills in your field, human management skills, entertainment skills including some basic

skills like first-aid,cooking,driving etc.

5) SELF-CONFIDENCE


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It is the confidence in ones own abilities which helps in taking up responsibilities and

initiative things. Self-confidence can greatly perk up your image and help you in giving adynamic personality.

Courage, logical analysis and successful experiences greatly help in boosting up your self-

confidence.

6) PERSONAL QUALITIES

To a great extent, it is the personal qualities which constitute and give shape to yourpersonality. Some of the important qualities which help towards a good personality build-up are

the following: character and morality; etiquette and manners; discipline; work ethics; time

management; friendliness and love: humor; optimism and cheerful attitude: helpful nature:

humidity; maturity and emotional stability.

7) HEALTH

Good and robust health is an essential and necessary quality for a good personality. Without

good health you become ineffective even if you possess all other qualities and achievements.

8 ) ACTIVITIES AND INTERSTS

An active interest in a wide variety of things like sports, cultural activities, social activities, as

well as interest in some hobbies go a long way in giving an all round personality to an individual.

9)ACHIEVEMENTS AND SUCCESS

Finally, achievements and success are factors which enhances your personality and image. Theyin turn bring popularity and more opportunities. They are great motivating factors which will

give a boost to your personality.

Ans-7- Flattery is generally identified with false praise .In fact, flattery is that art of praising which aims

at magnifying the virtues to the exclusion of the vices but the person flattered must have some qualities

which can be praised. Both flattery and appreciation relate to the praising of virtues of others. Both

originate from the same motive of pleasing others' self-respect. Flattery is however, largely vitiated by

the tinge of falsehood and mostly aimed at theachievementof some selfish motive.

Appreciation is based on truth and is without any selfish motive .In practicallife, flattery and

appreciation do overlap each other. It is therefore impossible to assess and measure accurately the

amount of praise deserved by a person .An opinion starting as appreciation may easily drift into flattery

.In human life and the society, flattery is quiteessential.

We all have our own sense of excellence. Somebody has fine curly hair. Some person possesses good

command over English.

Some rich man may have good collection ofbooks. Somebody thinks that he possesses acute
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intelligence. In short; every person feels pride over some distinctive possession. In this way, we have to

praise each other, appreciate each other's taste and admire each other possession. But we do so for the

sake of appreciation, which means an unprejudiced opinion, reflecting both virtues and vices.

Anonymous

Ans8 Following are some of the factors:1. Persons childhood and upraising.

2. Schooling and the college.

3. Parents and house teaching.

4. Friends and family.

or

Success Factor #1: Clearly Identify your Goal

Clearly determine what the goal is. Be specific.

Bad: To lose weight Good: To lose 10 lbs. in a healthy way

Success Factor #2: Identify the Obstacles

List all the obstacles standing between you and the goal. Identify resources, assistance, information or anything else

that might be needed to reach the goal. As you're writing, dont get discouraged by the obstaclestheyre absolutely

necessary to help you with the next step in completing your plan.

Success Factor #3: Know the Tasks Necessary to Overcome Each Obstacle

Taking each obstacle one at a time, write one or more ways the obstacle could be overcome. These are tasks that

will comprise your to-do list. Expect to have several tasks per obstacle.

Success Factor #4: Assign Deadlines

Assign a start and completion date to each task in the plan. Its ok to be working on several different tasks at the

same time, but dont over do it. Be realistic.

Success Factor #5: Follow the Plan

If you use myGoals.com, by the time to you've reached this step, you will have defined a GoalPlanTM. Complete each

task in succession. Revisit your GoalPlan often and make sure to use your reminder system to keep you on track.

Additional Suggestions:

If your success plan is too long or complicated, try breaking it into several smaller, more manageable plans.
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Dont rely on luck or things outside your control as part of your success plan.

Be flexibleexpect your success plan to change before you complete it. Circumstances change, unexpectedevents occur, and your plan should be updated to adapt to changes. Use planning software such asmyGoals.comto help construct your plan and modify it regularly.

Seek the input of others who have expertise in the area or who have completed a similar goal.

Reward yourself for partial success as significant milestones are accomplished.

Ans9- 1. Use real dialogue. Unbelievable dialogue can be the bane of intermediate writers. It's the

easiest way to get stuck, and oftentimes we find ourselves unwilling to use dialogue from the realworld in our fictional writing.

USE IT. Dialogue can make or break a story, and if the reader doesn't believe it's happening,he/she won't be able to suspend disbelief in any other aspect.

2. Use "he/she said" as your primary dialogue tag. Don't use tags like "muttered" or "mumbled"

or "spoke" or "hissed" or "retorted" or anything else you found in the newest Writer's Digest.Stick with "said" as often as possible, no matter what. If you find that the tags are becoming

redundant, try to give the character talking an action so you can cut the tag out without confusingthe reader.

3. Do your research. Even in the fictional world, your characters will most likely abide by thelaws of nature and thus will interact with the world in a similar fashion. This means knowing

exactly what the name of that thing that hangs down in the back of your throat. Pick up a

psychology book. Pick up a literary theory book. Study how things work in our world and applythem to your fictional world.

4. Highlight the originality of your work. Sometimes this can be easy to forget, but the fact of thematter is this: somehow, your work stands out. Even if you're writing the same old "hero" tale

that's been told a million times before, something about your story is a little different. Highlight

that. Make it stand out. Make the reader care.

5. READ. Read the great stuff and read the crap and learn from it. Get a feel for what makes the

great stuff great, and what makes the crappy stuff crap. Not only that, you're supporting otherwriters who will, in turn, support you. There's no point in publishing 100,000 books a year if no

one's going to read them

Ans10- Definition:

Asentence, sometimes at the beginning of aparagraph, that states or suggests the main idea (or

topic) of a passage.

See also:

Developing a Topic Sentence With Examples
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Draft a Descriptive Paragraph Model Descriptive Paragraphs Practice in Composing Topic Sentences Supporting a Topic Sentence with Specific Details

Examples and Observations:

"Teachers and textbook writers should exercise caution in making statements about the frequencywith which contemporary professional writers use simple or even explicit topic sentences in

expositoryparagraphs. It is abundantly clear that students should not be told that professionalwriters usually begin their paragraphs with topic sentences."(Richard Braddock, "The Frequency and Placement of Topic Sentences in Expository Prose."Research in the Teaching of English. Winter 1974)

"A good topic sentence is concise and emphatic. It is no longer than the idea requires, and itstresses the important word or phrase. Here, for instance, is the topic sentence which opens a

paragraph about the collapse of the stock market in 1929:

The Bull Market was dead.

(Frederick Lewis Allen)

Notice several things. (1) Allen's sentence is brief. Not all topics can be explained in six words, but

whether they take six or sixty, they should be phrased in no more words than are absolutely

necessary. (2) The sentence is clear and strong: you understand exactly what Allen means. (3) It

places the key word--'dead'--at the end, where it gets heavy stress and leads naturally into what

will follow. . . . (4) The sentence stands first in the paragraph. This is where topic sentences

generally belong: at or near the beginning."

(Thomas S. Kane, The New Oxford Guide to Writing. Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)

"If you want readers to see your point immediately, open with the topic sentence. This strategycan be particularly useful in letters of application or inargumentativewriting. . . .

"When specific details lead up to a generalization, putting the topic sentence at the end of theparagraph makes sense. . . .

"Occasionally a paragraph's main idea is so obvious that it does not need to be stated explicitly in atopic sentence."(Andrea Lunsford, The St. Martin's Handbook. Bedford/St. Martin's, 2008)

"The topic sentence is the most important sentence in your paragraph. Carefully worded andrestricted, it helps you generate and control your information. An effective topic sentence alsohelps readers grasp your main idea quickly. As you draft your paragraphs, pay close attention tothe following three guidelines:

1. Make sure you provide a topic sentence. . . .2. Put your topic sentence first. . . .
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3. Be sure your topic sentence is focused. If restricted, a topic sentence discusses only onecentral idea. A broad or unrestricted topic sentence leads to a shaky, incomplete paragraph fortwo reasons:

The paragraph will not contain enough information to support the topic sentence. A broad topic sentence will not summarize or forecast specific information in the paragraph."

(Philip C. Kolin, Successful Writing at Work, 9th ed. Wadsworth, 2010)

Ans11- Well, I cannot agree in reading out loud as a best way of learning anything. In planning a

lesson, there should be a purpose. For example, if you want the students to do a reading activity,

your lesson focus should be on a reading skill (skim, scan etc.).

Also, I don't see a purpose of reading out loud in a class room. Then it should be called asspeaking out loud not reading out loud !!!

And this lesson should be prepared to be a speaking activity focusing on specific target language.

Because, you cannot make the learners focus on all the stress and sounds in the context.

What I would suggest is: select some target language (vocabulary, grammer, pronunciation) andplan your lesson to achieve those aims and prctice them in a communicative way, rather making

them read out loud. And if you want to focus on the context of the passage by doing a reading

activity, select a reading skill/s that you want the learners to practice.

In my experience, the person who reads nor the listeners(actually they will be focusing on

something else like the line the reader is reading and not on the context. Also the listeners getboard with this activity...etc) get any benefit out of it. Instead, create activities based on focused

speaking aims

Ans12- Conference and Keynote speakersTiriansConference and Keynote presenters have original material about an area of expertise or tell about significant

achievements they have made in a particular field. They can present their material in an interesting, engaging and

stimulating way, reaching cynics and interested people alike.

For this reason keynote speakers fees are the higher than facilitators' and trainers' fees.

Facilitators

Facilitators provide stimulus to encourage the group to discover the answers. Since reflection is the key to deeper learning

that leads to more lasting change, anything that a "facilitator" does to enhance reflection before, during, or after an

experience is called "facilitation".

The central purposes of facilitation are to:

1. Enhance the quality of the learning experience

2. To assist clients in finding directions and sources for functional change, and

3. To create changes that are lasting and transferable*.


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Facilitators need to be very skilled in working with group dynamics as what they work with is "live" and "fluid". They need to

be able to deal with difficult people and win them over to positive participation. Facilitators keep the environment conducive

for self discovery such as through using experiential learning methods. They assist with the process of education.

For this reason facilitators fees and experiential learning programs are the higher than trainer's fees.

Trainers

Trainers refer to existing material or tell you stories about other people. Thus trainers must be good communicators and

perhaps technical experts but are not originators or the source of their own knowledge. Training is about developing a

specific skill set, imparting knowledge (while education is about developing skills for ongoing learning and enquiry). Training

might teach people what or how to do something with little emphasis on why it is the case.

For this reason trainers fees are the lowest of the three categories

Part B

Ans1a Start your preparation for a behavioral interview by identifying what you want the employeeto be able to do in the open job. Use ajob specificationand write ajob descriptionto describe therequirements of the position.

Determine the required outputs and performance success factors for the job.

Determine the characteristics and traits of the individual whom you believe will succeed in that job.

If you have employees successfully performing the job currently, list the traits, characteristics, andskills that they bring to the job.

Narrow the list to your key behavioral traits you believe that a candidate needs to be able toperform the job.

Write ajob postingthat describes the behavioral characteristics in the text. Make sure thecharacteristics or requirements section of your job description lists the same behavioral

characteristics.

Make a list of questions, both behavioral and traditional, to ask each candidate during thebehavioral interview. A structured list of behavioral interview questions makes candidate selectionmore defensible and allows you to make comparisons between the various answers and approachesof your interviewees.
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Review theresumes, cover letters, and otherjob applicationmaterials you receive, with thebehavioral traits and characteristics in mind.

Phone screenthe candidates who have caught your attention with their qualifications, if necessary,to further narrow the candidate pool. You want to schedule the most qualified candidates for abehavioral interview.

Schedule interviews with the candidates who most appear to have the behavioral characteristics,along with the skills, experience, education, and the other factors you would normally screen for inyour application review.

Ask your list of behavioral and traditional questions of each candidate during the behavioralinterview.

Narrow your candidate choices based on their responses to the behavioral and traditional interviewquestions. Complete the selection processusing these recommended steps.

Select your candidate with the right mix of knowledge, experience, and behavioral characteristics

that match the needs of the job guiding your decision.

Looking for asample behavioral interviewpreparation? Read on to see behavioral interview techniques

applied to a sales representative position

Ans1b-General Interview Questions and Answers

General Questions Asked in an Interview by Employers and how to answer them.

This article gives you the kick start you need. Learn how to respond to 5 types of the most

common interview questions.

These general job interview questions with answers will help you develop more confidence for

the interview process.

Why Should we Choose You? What Sets you Apart from Other Applicants?

How can an interviewee put forward a logical explanation when the interviewer asks- Why

should we accept you?
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The most important factor that will help you decide how to answer the question is the timing of

the question. If the interviewer asks, Why should we give you this job? in the beginning of thecourse of interview or after; it needs to be addressed accordingly.

Tell Me Something about YourselfInterview Question

The interviewer wants you to tell him something about yourself as s/hes already receive a

review of your profile.

Before, youve already introduced yourself, presented yourself and sold yourself quite good,so what does the interviewer really want?

Why Are You Here? What Brings You Here?

One of the most basic yet most difficult questions asked in job interviews are- Why are you

here? Why do you want to work for us? OrWhat brought you here?

The reason why the questions appears to be difficult is because all the while you have been

preparing hard enough to answer queries related to your expertise and your past experience butyou havent taken out time to introspect.

How Did You Improve Your Skills? What Have You Done To Develop Your

Skills?

It is quite common for interviewers to probe interviewees on the skills they claim to possess.This article deals with Interview Questions and Answers about your Job Skills and Professional

Skills

How did you improve your job skills?

As for your skills, what have you done to develop your professional skills?

Most Common Interview Questions and Answers

Practice interview questions and answers with commonly asked interview questions with best

answers.

During the interview, the interviewer tries to learn whether the interviewee is a good match forthe job, with the help of several common questions, aimed at finding out the professional as well

as personal make up of the candidate.

The article reviews 15 common job interview questions and best answers.

What are you Passionate About?

What are you passionate about? This is yet anotherinterview question that anyone is boundface.

How does one answer when prompted to answer the question- What is your career passion?

Describe Your Communication Skills
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Though there are some profiles that require better communication skills and some that do not

require that much of communication, there is no job that does not require communicating withothers at all. Therefore, the interview may ask you a direct question wanting you to describe how

you communicate with other or to tell more about these skills.

Tell me about a Suggestion you have Made that made the Difference?

During an interview the interviewer might ask questions about your past performance.The interviewer would like you to tell about any suggestion you have made Something that

make the difference.. when you came with a different/unique approach to a problem.

Entry Level Interview Questions and Answers

It is a general misconception that entry level jobs are available freely and the inductions for them

are quite simple. It is true that entry level jobs in any field are available freely, but the fact is that

the hiring process for an entry level job is as complicated as the process for a company manager,

a secretary or a team leader.

What are your Hobbies and Interests?

Why do they ask What are your favorite interests and hobbies?

The employer has a simple yet vital reason for bouncing off this question. They want to get abroader perspective about you. Your life outside work may tell a lot about you.

Are you Creative? Do You Consider Yourself Creative?

This happens to be a quintessential question in an interview. Especially, if you have applied for a

job that requires creative skills, then this is the question that you have to answer.Interview Question: So, do you think you are creative? Essentially, if the interviewee answers

the question as, Yes, I am creative, then the next logical question of the interviewer would be,OK. Can you provide an instance where you have showcased the ability?

Illegal Interview Questions: Examples of illegal interview questions

Some companies understand the necessity of a job to an individual and therefore may engage in

illegal behavior with the individual.This article disscusses and provides exaamples of illegal job interview questions and suggest

ways how to answer and handle these illegal questions.

What Do You Know About Our Company?

One of the simplest questions during an interview is whether you know anything about the

company.This article provides tips on: When should you start researching about the company, Where to

find information about a particular organization/company and How to answer the question:

what do you know about our company?
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Motivation Interview Questions: What motivates you?

Because of the critical importance of motivation in the workplace, employers look for motivated

employees. Consequently, motivation questions become very common in job interviews as they

should be.

Motivation question usually begins with the words why and what and inviting a conversation ora speech.

Describe a Typical Work Week and Your Work Style

One of the most common interview questions is- Describe a typical work week for you?

( i.e. describe your work habits)

How should you describe your work week and work style?

What Salary Are You Seeking? Interview QuestionShould You Disclose your

Salary in an Interview

Job application salary question/requirements: How do you answer salary expectations questions

in an interview? How do you answer the salary question in interviews when starting salary is

okay or when minimum wage is sufficient?

Why Do You Want To Leave Your Current Job?

The interviewer may ask you interview questions regarding the purpose of your job search The

reason you want to leave your current position, your present job and your company (if youreemployed).

It is important to stress the positive aspects by communicating strengths, purpose, and

enthusiasm. You must make an impression that you are seating in front of the interviewer for awell thoughtful reasonYou have an organized career plan, positive attitude and clear job target

Ans2b-Necessary Qualities: Interviewers in the HR interview are well versed when it

comes to choosing the people with the right attitude, for it is on these candidates that

the future of the company depends. Let us look at such qualities that can get you a job.

1. Loads of energy. Energy carries us all and energy is something contagious,

especially in humans and the interviewers are humans. Be energetic.

2. Proper manners. Dressing appropriately, erect posture, making eye contact,

letting the interviewer take the seat first before seating yourself et. These subtle

formalities ooze respect.

3. Matured approach. This is very important for employers. Immature work and

decisions can land an organization in trouble.
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4. Judging abilities. Describe situations to your interviewer where you reached

an output due to your judgment.

5. Problem solving abilities. This can also be done in the form of a case study.

6. Being loyal. Who would not want loyal and faithful employees?

7. Being cheerful. Cheerfulness reflects positive attitude. Enough said.

8. Being healthy. No employer would want to hire someone who would have

frequent health issues for it affects the productivity.

9. Being part of a team. No organization runs on the power of one. It is

important to be a team player.

10.Being a self critic. If you are a self critic, youll be open to criticism from

others. That is the reason for asking about your greatest weakness.

11.Being knowledgeable. It is important to study about the organization you are

approaching for an interview. If you fail to answer any questions with regards tothe organization, it means there is no intent from your side for acquiring the job.

12.Being punctual. Punctuality is a must policy for all the companies. Do not be

late for an interview.

13.Being flexible. Once you are hired, it is important to blend yourself into any role

the organizations demands from you. Exhibit this trait when required during an

interview.

14.Being resilient. You should make believe the employer that you like challenges.

Even if the going gets tough you must finish the task what you begin.

15.Follow through. Following up your work. this is the reason most employers

appreciate a thank you letter.

An3a- Five ways to make a good impression in your new jobBy Toni Bowers

October 11, 2007, 6:57 AM PDT

Takeaway: Youre starting a new job, and youre understandably eager to make a goodimpression on your boss and your colleagues. Since first impressions are so important - for right

or wrong that first impression can determine how youre perceived for the rest of your days withthe company - take it easy and dont try [...]

Youre starting a new job, and youre understandably eager to make a good impression on your

boss and your colleagues. Since first impressions are so important - for right or wrong that first

impression can determine how youre perceived for the rest of yourdays with the company - takeit easy and dont try too hard. Here are some tips for easing into your new job without alienating

yourself.


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1. Dont try to fit in too quickly.

Theres an episode of The Andy Griffith Show in which a stranger arrives in town. No one

knows him but he knows everything about everyone else. His familiarity toward people freaks

everyone out and they turn against him. In the end, everyone learns that he knew all about

Mayberry because he had read their town paper while he was in the service and he fell in lovewith the town. He wanted to belong but went about it the wrong way.

The moral of the story is to take your time getting to know your colleagues. Absorb the culture

for a while before you start assimilating yourself.

2. Dont come in with all your guns blazing.

I dont mean that literally, although literally its not a bad tip either. What I mean is dont comeinto your new job with the attitude that you know all the answers. You may have lots of

experience but you run the riskof suggesting things that have already been done. Its an indirect

way of insulting your new employers intelligence. Also, no matter how much people age, everygroup harbors a little of that middle school mentalitytheres little tolerance for show-offs. And

theres no such thing as instant credibility.

3. Avoid gossiping

When I first started out in the working world, I encountered some office environments where you

were treated with suspicion if you didnt indulge in gossip. The bottom line is, gossiping can lead

to big problems. First, its really risky to gossip when you dont even know all the players yet.

Second, if youre good at it, you could get a reputation that is not easy to shake off in the eyes ofthose who make the promoting decisions.

4. Be a quick study

Take lots of notes when folks are instructing you. Although the temptation is powerful to act like

you absorb information instantly, in the long run people dont want you coming back and askingthe same questions over and over.

5. Take the initiative

Many companies have clearly outlined training strategies in which they schedule you in blocks

of time. If you find you have time between appointments, dont just sit around and drink coffee.

Use the time to ask questions about what youve already learned, or do online research.

Ultimately, the best advice you can take is to use the first weeks to absorb information about

your new company and its processes. You dont have to make a big splash your first day

Ans3b-12 Time management training tips..

Time managementis one of the most important things because if you fail to manage your time, you


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Substitute dithering and replace it with a decision matrix.

6. Dont drink alcohol in the lunch break

Alcohol inhibits the function of four of your brains neurotransmitters:

1. Glutamate,

2. Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA),

3. Dopamine (DA), and

4. Serotonin

Thats why you feel funny after you drink alcohol: it stops your brain working properly.

You need your brain to work in the afternoon too, so keep off the drink.

Wait till the evening.

7. Have a particular place for your car keys

Have a system for your keys, phone and wallet/ purse. Some people lose their things every day, because

they drop them down in random places.

Make this your mantra: Everything has its place.

8. Simplify and reduce

Do you over complicate things; make things more complex than they need to be?

Try to think in terms of hierarchies.

Not everything is important. More is not better.

Spend most time focusing on the few, most important things, as opposed to; spreading yourself too thinly

trying to get 10,000 things done, today.

9 Do you set time aside for mental relaxation?

Your mind works best when it is relaxed and well fed.

It works poorly when you are overstressed and ill fed.

So it makes sense to purposefully relax the mind by either:

1. Resting and thinking about nothing in particular, for a fifteen minute tea break or

2. Distracting yourself by reading something not work related for a fifteen minutes tea break.

10. Take one hour per week to plan the next three weeks.

Have a plan.

The biggest error you can make is to not have a plan.

Most people dont have a plan: they are therefore driven by circumstances.

Which is okay: but only if the circumstances are fine.But what if you dont like current circumstances?

Replace them with a plan of your own design.

11. Dont just say Yes

Many people take on too much work. They make more promises than they can keep. They buy more

donuts than they can eat. They accept more work than they can do.

As a result many people are in overwhelm.

Do you ask yourself what the consequences will be, before you answer Yes?


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12. What one change in your personal habit pattern would make the biggest improvement to your

efficiency?

Let the answer to that question come to your mind. When you have it, write it down on a card and make

the necessary adjustments.

Ans4a- There are no set combinations of qualities that are requiredfor a good personality. And peoplemay widely disagree about what makes a "good personality".

That said, we could use qualities most people would like in a friend, in a spouse/romantic partner, and

in an employee, including:

Honest Trustworthy Sincere Friendly Open Personable

Willingness of heart, mind, spirit Insightful Easy to talk to A listener Able / willing to speak / share (not necessarily overly talkative, but a person who

communicates easily)

Passionate Pursues goals in life Ambitious vs. lazy Punctual vs. late Meets deadlines vs. procrastinates Keeps promises or agreements Can be playful or serious as appropriate to situations

Can laugh at him / herself Does not seek opportunities to hurt others Does not purposely hurt animals or other living creatures Does not deface or destroy property, even if property seems unattended Does not malign, lie about, or gossip about other people Can share and protect "confidences" Can keep appropriate "secrets" - for example, a friend does not reveal what another friend has

said; you don't tell other people's secrets

Has good physical boundaries Maintains good personal ethics

Read more:

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/List_out_the_qualities_that_are_required_for_a_good_personality#ixzz1Y

HwV3qms

Ans4b-Human resource management (HRM) or management of human capital is extremely important

in today's industries. The principles of HRM are the foundations human resource management in any

sector and these must be observed. There are basically 10cs in HRM which should be adhered to. These
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/List_out_the_qualities_that_are_required_for_a_good_personality#ixzz1YHwV3qmshttp://wiki.answers.com/Q/List_out_the_qualities_that_are_required_for_a_good_personality#ixzz1YHwV3qmshttp://wiki.answers.com/Q/List_out_the_qualities_that_are_required_for_a_good_personality#ixzz1YHwV3qmshttp://wiki.answers.com/Q/List_out_the_qualities_that_are_required_for_a_good_personality#ixzz1YHwV3qmshttp://wiki.answers.com/Q/List_out_the_qualities_that_are_required_for_a_good_personality#ixzz1YHwV3qms


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are comprehensiveness, credibility, communication, control, change cost-effectiveness, Competence,

creativity, and coherence.

For every institution some essential principals should be followed by the human resources department.

For example, the selection ofemployees should be strictly merit based, there should be no

discrimination or favoritism and every employee should be treated fairly and in a consistent manner.

Whatever the work be, care must be taken such that the employees are do subjected to unsafe

conditions in the workplace. Safety is of utmost importance and it is the legal duty of every employer

and specifically the HRM team to ensure the employees with a safe and healthy work environment.

Ans5a-Paragraph- A paragraph is a series of sentences that are organized and coherent, and are all related to asingle topic. Almost every piece of writing you do that is longer than a few sentences should be organized intoparagraphs. This is because paragraphs show a reader where the subdivisions of an essay begin and end, and thushelp the reader see the organization of the essay and grasp its main points.

Paragraphs can contain many different kinds of information. A paragraph could contain a series of brief examples ora single long illustration of a general point. It might describe a place, character, or process; narrate a series of events;compare or contrast two or more things; classify items into categories; or describe causes and effects. Regardless ofthe kind of information they contain, all paragraphs share certain characteristics. One of the most important of theseis a topic sentence

Organizing thoughts into a coherent piece of writing can be a daunting task for children with learning

disabilities. The best way to pin those ideas down and put them into a form that others can follow is to

use an outline. The tried-and-true I-II-III A-B-C outline works whether your child has to churn out a

paragraph, a page or a paper. Here's how to use it for a strong single paragraph; see also instructions

for afive-paragraph essayand aresearch paper.

Difficulty: Average

Time Required: As much as your child needs

Here's How:

1. Write the numbers 1-5 on a piece of paper.

2. Next to #1, write your answer to the question, or your opinion on the topic, in a completesentence. For example, if asked to write a paragraph about your favorite person, you mightwrite, "My favorite person is my mother."

3. Next to #2, write one reason in support of your answer. For example, on the favorite personparagraph, you might write, "She knows how to help with homework."

4. Next to #3, write another reason in support of your answer. You might write, "She takes mewherever I need to go."

5. Next to #4, write a third reason in support of your answer. You might write, "She is very good atreading stories."
http://specialchildren.about.com/od/learningissues/ht/essay.htmhttp://specialchildren.about.com/od/learningissues/ht/essay.htmhttp://specialchildren.about.com/od/learningissues/ht/essay.htmhttp://specialchildren.about.com/od/learningissues/ht/paper.htmhttp://specialchildren.about.com/od/learningissues/ht/paper.htmhttp://specialchildren.about.com/od/learningissues/ht/paper.htmhttp://specialchildren.about.com/od/learningissues/ht/paper.htmhttp://specialchildren.about.com/od/learningissues/ht/essay.htm


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6. Next to #5, rephrase your answer or opinion from #1. You might write, "My mother is awonderful person to me."

7. Copy your sentences #1-#5, one after the other, on your final sheet of paper. And there youhave it -- a coherent five-sentence paragraph: "My favorite person is my mother. She knows howto help with homework. She takes me wherever I need to go. She is very good at reading stories.

My mother is a wonderful person to me."

8. The example used here is a very simple paragraph for an early elementary assignment, but thesame technique can be used for a more advanced open-ended question. Just answer the questionin the first sentence; write one reason for that answer in the second; another reason in the thirdsentence; a third reason in the fourth sentence; and rephrase your answer for the fifth sentence

Ans6a- . Manipulating the script of the language: handwriting, spelling and punctuation.

2. Expressing grammatical [syntactic and morphological] relationships at the sentence level.

3. Expressing relationships between parts of a written text through cohesive devices

[especially through grammatical devices such as noun-pronoun reference].

4. Using markers in written discourse, in particular:

introducing an idea

developing an idea transition to another idea

concluding an idea

emphasising a point [and indicating main or important information]

explaining or clarifying a point already made

anticipating an objection or contrary view

5. Expressing the communicative function of written sentences:

using explicit markers

without using explicit markers

6. Expressing information or knowledge in writing:

explicitly

implicitly


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7. Expressing conceptual meaning

8. Planning and organising written information in expository language

narrative straight description of phenomena or ideas

descriptions of process or change of state

argument

ans6b- The main difference is that personal letters are very informal in grammar and the vocabulary is

much simpler and usually friendly, thus very personal in style. A business letter has much higher

standards, formal grammatical structure, and standardized vocabulary (to convey exact

meanings).Often business people and corporations have example letters indicating the level of formal

style approved and in use by the business world. For example, a newspaper would have a Style Book

that its writers and editors are expected to follow and comply with.

Read more:

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_personal_and_business_letters_and_wh

at_guidelines_should_you_follow_when_writing_these_letters#ixzz1YI1gt2SF

ans7a-- Thank you for initial interview

400C Hunter RidgeBlacksburg, VA 24060

(540) [email protected]

October 26, 2010

Ms. Glenna WrightHuman Resources ManagerFashion Department Store2000 Line DriveFairfax, VA 22030

Dear Ms. Wright:

Thank you so much for your time and the privilege of having an interview with you yesterday, October 25, during your recruiting visit toVirginia Tech. The management trainee program you outlined sounds both challenging and rewarding and I look forward to yourdecision concerning an on-site visit.

As mentioned during the interview, I will be graduating in December with a B.S. in Fashion Merchandising. Through my education andexperience Ive gained many skills, as well as an understanding of retailing concepts and dealing with the general public. Ihaveworked seven years in the retail industry in various positions from sales associate to assistant department manager. I think myeducation and work experience would complement Fashions management trainee program.

I have enclosed a copy of my college transcript and a list of references that you requested.

Thank you again for the opportunity to be considered by Fashion Department Store. The interview served to reinforce my stronginterest in becoming a part of your management team. I can be reached at (540) 555-1111 or by e-mail at [email protected] should youneed additional information.
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Sincerely,

Marianne Boles

Enclosures

Ans7b- The Importance of Effective Reading Skills

Reading skills serve as a foundation for writing. Developed and mastered, effective reading skills

give people the opportunity to learn new information about the world, people, events, and places,enrich their vocabularies, and improve their writing skills.

Reading enriches the inner world of a person, improves grammar and spelling.

Through reading people learn to understand different ways of thinking and feelings of other

people, become more flexible and open-minded.

Avid readers not only read and write better than those who read less, but also process

information faster. The research presented by theJournal of Abnormal Child Psychologyproves

that poor readers have poorer short-memory functions [1].

As a result, avid readers have a broader outlook, are quicker to analyze facts and find

connections between seemingly unrelated ideas.

A reader has better skills for comprehending, analyzing, understanding, responding, and, finally,

learning from what he or she reads.

As a result, it is easier for good readers to get used to new and unfamiliar circumstances or ideas.

They are easier to communicate with, and have higher chances to succeed in both professionaland personal life

Read more at Suite101:Importance of Good Writing and Reading Skills: Effective Writing and Reading

Skills for Effective Communication | Suite101.comhttp://alla-kondrat.suite101.com/importance-of-

good-writing-and-reading-skills-a97681#ixzz1YI3lOFLT

Ans8a- statement

Aninstructionwritten in ahigh-level language. A statement directs thecomputerto perform a specified action. Asingle statement in a high-level language can represent several machine-language instructions.Programsconsist of

statements andexpressions. An expression is a group of symbols that represent a value.

Definition
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Here are two senses ofquestion:

1. A question is an illocutionary act that has adirective illocutionary pointof attempting toget theaddresseeto supply information.

2. A question is asentencetype that has a form (labeledinterrogative) typically used to

express an illocutionary act with the directive illocutionary point mentioned above. Itmay be actually so used (as adirect illocution), or used rhetorically.

A tag is a generic term for a language element descriptor. The set of tags for a document or other unit of

information is sometimes referred to asmarkup, a term that dates to pre-computer days when writers

and copy editors marked up document elements with copy editing symbols or shorthand

For the professional speaker

Dos

1. Think carefully before the event: what does this audience want to hear?2. Hint: they are not interested in hearing how great you or your company are, they want to learn

new things that can make THEM more successful.

3. Find a story about people (yourself and/or others) that illustrates your message and tell it withpassion.

Storytelling always beats lectures!

4. Start by urging the audience not to take notes, say that you will post your presentation onlineimmediately afterwards. The presentation that you post should be complemented by short

texts, speaker notes describing your pictures (since you show very little text during your

presentation!)

5. Keep an eye contact with the audience, and move around the stage, dont hold on to thespeaker stand! Use a remote clicker to control your presentation. Remember that 70% of your

communication is in your body language!

6. Speak slowly to increase the understanding and respect for what you are saying. Never try tocram a 30 minute speech into a 20 minute time slot!

7. Be visual, use pictures and videos that illustrate your points. Read my lips: less text, morevisuals! You can do great presentations without any visuals, but then you have to me a master

storyteller.

8. Avoid monotony by using variation and surprises in your slide styles during your presentation.9. Engage the audience!Ask questions and have them put their hands up. But dont insult them

with silly game play.

10.Focus on 1, 2 or maybe 3 things that you want to talk about. Explain the problem you areworking with and then tell the story and visualise the solution.

11.Construct your presentation based on the classic drama: Start with a Set-up, then Present theproblem(s), then proceed to the Confrontation and finally the Resolution. This has worked for

thousands of years!
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12.Hire a speaker coach that helps you trim you body language and voice.13.Use a spell checker on all your slides. Takes only a minute, improves your image.14.Use a dark background on your slides, as it is easier to read for the audience and better for the

video cameras.

15. If you present in another language than your native, consult a language tutor to improve yourpronuncation as much as possible. Getting your message out is about being understood and

respected.

16.Test your presentation on other people beforehand and videotape yourself. Listen to theirfeedback and watch yourself: would you understand and appreciate your presentation?

17.End by showing a slide with a key question or action point aimed at the the audience, toencourage discussions afterwards. Also show you contact details and the link to your

documentation on your blog or on an internet service like Slideshare. This documentation

should NOT just be your slides from the presentation! Instead post special slides with your

highlights explained with relevant post-analysis for the audience. Make sure that all the links to

web sites that you have mentioned are active.

Donts

1. Dont read word by word from your script. You will sound like a robot and miss the all-importanteye contact with the audience. Instead use stiff cue cards with key words and starter sentences.

2. Dont talk too fast and try to cram a 45-minute presentation into a 30-minute time slot byspeaking at machine gun pace. You might just as well stay at home.

3. Never use acronyms without spelling them out and explaning what they mean.4. Dont read from text bullets in Powerpoint. If you have to use text bullets, keep them very short

and very few per slide, then first let the audience read it and then, on your own words, expand

on the subject.

5. Dont use complete sentences in your slides. Your voice shall tell the story and the slides shallonly support it.

6. Dont start talking immediately on top of your slides. Let the audience interpret the slide for awhile, then add your comments.

7. Dont use hard-to-read fonts or garish backgrounds that obscures the text.8. Dont use cute or unusual photosthat are not illustrating exactly what you are talking about.

It distracts the audience, nobody will hear what you are saying.

9. Dont use effects, such as texts that fly into the slide or ANY other disturbing transitions. Yourenot running an amusement park, the interesting stuff should be in your content, not in your

fireworks.

10.Dont waste you audiences time by presenting the history and organization of yourorganisation. Unless it is essential in order to understand your presentation, which is very, very

seldom.

11.All essential facts mentioned need to also be visual. Dont mention tips like be sure to checkout the website www.fancynewstuff.com, it has great features without displaying a slide withboth a picture of the web site and the URL in big letters + a note stating that the URL will be in

your posted presentation.

12.Dont hide behind the computer or speaker stand. Make sure the audience see you andmaintain eye contact with them.


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K u v e m p u U n i v e r s i t y Sem4 PD Assignment for B.sc.(IT) Course

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