[K] · 2020. 11. 24. · Chameleon Kickoff Meeting Dr. Ludmila Carone Interior recognized as...
Transcript of [K] · 2020. 11. 24. · Chameleon Kickoff Meeting Dr. Ludmila Carone Interior recognized as...
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
Exoplanets in 3D
[K]
~ km/s
L. Carone @ Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg (MPIA)
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
How to determine the wind structure?
● Phase curves
Josh Winn
You will see different parts or phases of the highly irradiated planetary day side
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
The case of uperrotation
2002
Prediction by GCMShowman & Guillot 2002
2007
Observations byKnutson et al. 2007
Showman & Polvani 2011
2011
Rossby waves
Kelvin waves
2 km/s strong wind jets (>10x than Jupiter)
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
Caveat: 3D models have some problems
Recalibration of Spitzer data
Blue and liliac (WRONG):Recalibration of Spitzer data (Diamond-Lowe+ 2014)e.g. Line et al. 2016 HST/WFC3 Spectroscopy Zellem+2014
TiO
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
How to tame the (too) superrotation?
Clouds(many openquestions →
Ch. Helling)
Parmentier+2016
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
How deep do the jets go?
100 bar
WASP-43b HD 209458b
Carone,Baeyens et al. 2020aLower boundary has to be AT LEAST at 700 bar(with potential to go at least down to 1500 bar)
(Rot -3.5 days)(Rot-0.83 days)
10 bar
Very long simulation times: 10 000 days (compared to 400 days)
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
Interior recognized as important issue in 3D climate models
● Models may not be deep enough and run-times are too short (Carone,Baeyens+2020a)
● Review Showman+2020 :arXiv:2007.15363
“Understanding the interactions and couplingbetween the photospheric level dynamicsand interior dynamics is a pressing need”
● Wang &Wordsworth, 2020 (reproduced Carone+2015)“Results on the circulation of tidally locked exoplanets with thick atmospheres may need to be revisited.”
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Ludmila Carone3D – Circulation on Exo-Earths3D – Circulation on Exo-Earths
TRAPPIST-1d – (Anti-)Brewer-Dobsonclock-wise circulation Anti-clockwise circulation
Strong Weak
-90 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 -90 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 PoleLatitude [degrees]
Pole EQ
10-3
Pole EQLatitude [degrees]
Pre
ssu
re [
bar
]
10-1
100
10-2
Surface friction (Carone+2016)
(Carone+ 2018)
[kg/s]1011
1010
109109
-109
-1010
-1011
Similar to Yates+2020 Confirmed by Chen+2020
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
How to connect to formation in exoplanet atmospheres?
Zeile 1 Zeile 2 Zeile 3 Zeile 40
2
4
6
8
10
12
Spalte 1
Spalte 2
Spalte 3
Artist impression: Oph-IRS 48 (van der Marel+2013, ESO/L. Calçada)
TimeMany processes
Interpretation
Climates,Composition,Surfaces
1D →
3 D
Deep layers are key!Carone+ 2020a,b – gas planets
I. Kamp
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Dr. Ludmila CaroneChameleon Kickoff Meeting
3D climates
● It's complicated, but necessary● Check your boundary conditions or else ...