J.v.palmonari,Inc. Detailing Procedures

7/23/2019 J.v.palmonari,Inc. Detailing Procedures

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DETAILING PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS

GENERAL PRACTICES

1. Revisions: When you have produced a drawing that has been printed and issued to anyone (thearchitect, field/shop, checker, the rack etc.), and then you revise that drawing, you ust fill outthe revision block. !his include the date, a revision nuber (starting with 1, then the ne"t tie thedrawing is revised it is #, then $ and so on), and a general reason or description of the changesuch as %per approval&, %per checking&, %per field check&, %per addendu '$, etc. along with thisthe changes should be clouded so it is easily found. !his way, when you send the drawing tosoeone, they can copare the revision nuber and date to the last copy they already have intheir possession and deterine if they need to replace their old one with the new one or if thedrawing you sent is the sae as the one they already have. When a drawing has ultiple revisions,the clouds fro the past revisions are reoved when the following revision is added. !here shouldnever be clouds on any drawing that have ultiple revision nubers on the. urtherore, for all*+ drawings, the original file should be saved before the revisions are ade and archived, this

will insure that if a revision that was ade is reoved for any circustance, there is still a copy of the original drawing on file. +s far as hand drawings, there should be -ero" vellu or sepia adeto file for the sae purpose.

#. rawing ogs: !hese are not being filled out and kept up to date. We have several duplicatedsheet nubers and gaps between sheet nubers. !his causes treendous confusion. lease fill outdrawing logs when you take a sheet and update it when approvals are received, when it issubitted to architect, the shop, etc.

0. rawings to scale and drawing uality: !here is no reason for a drawing to be drawn out ofscale or out of proportion. !here are nuerous cases of drawings so far out of scale they islead

the detailer and the checker (and even the shop) into soe very big istakes. lease draw in scaleor at least in reasonable proportion. !he following is an e"cerpt fro the +23* detailing anualwhich is available to read in the bookcase. +. ue to the si4e of ost structural ebers, it is invariably necessary to picture the on shopdrawings less than full si4e, using an appropriate scale for the desired reduction. 5ne such scale,coonly used, is 1 6 1789. +t this reduction, the view of an obect which is actually one footlong will have a length of one inch on the drawing. +ll other diensions of the obect will beshown reduced in the sae proportion, e"cept as discussed later in this chapter. 5ther scales ofreduction are also used in structural drafting. ;. 2t has been previously stated that structural details should be drawn to scale. +lthough this isgenerally true, there are soe perissible, even inescapable, deviations fro the rule. 2t isobvious that the length of ost ebers akes strict adherence to longitudinal scalingipractical. +s a conseuence, it is acceptable to foreshorten lengths and soeties widths ordepths, to perit long or outsi4e ebers to fit on a drawing or in the space allotted. !hisforeshortening ay be accoplished as follows: (1) by reducing the scale of all diensions, (#) byusing a saller longitudinal than transverse scale, and ($) by reducing diensions arbitrarily, to no particular scale, as the cople"ity of the detail will perit. reuently, in detailing assebledtrusses, the work line diagra is ade to a saller scale than the eber detail scale. ;y thiseans the proper angular relationship between ebers is preserved, an adeuate detail scale is possible, and the entire sketch can be contained conveniently on the sheet.



!he separation between obect lines which are close together is generally estiated, rather than scaled. !he space is ade wide enough so that the lines will not blur together on printing.!his applies to the edge views of relatively thin plates, bea webs, beas flanges or angle legs. <eed for the separation is apparent when it is reali4ed that the scaled thickness of a 1/08in. lateat 1 6 1789 reduction is appro"iately 1/=98in., soewhat less than the width of a single obectline> *. inework and ettering: !he good appearance of any pencil drawing or cad drawing islargely a atter of unifority in aking lines and letters. !he utility of pencil drawing or caddrawing depends on the strength and contrast of the various line sybols and the legibility offreehand work. 2t follows that the ost desirable drawing is one that cobines both uniforityand utility. <o atter how unifor in appearance, fine, delicate linework and tiny lettering ust be avoided, since oil and grease on prints in the shop or field can render such a drawing useless or isleading.

. ig 181 shows recoended line conventions generally used in structural drafting. igure18# illustrates the appearance of such lines as they relate to one another on a drawing.

;order lines, when not preprinted on the sheet, should be ade heavy and black, tocontrast strongly with all other lines. !o draw these, it is recoended that the pencil point not

be to sharp and that lines be retraced until the necessary density is achieved. 2n the interest ofspeed, all other lines should be ade with a single stroke, using pencils of the necessary hardnessand sharpness to obtain the density reuired. !he techniue of pencil linework can best be learnedthough practice. !he cone point, resulting fro the pencil pointer, reuires a slow rotation of the pencil to aintain unifor thickness fro end to end of the line.

!he dashes and spaces of hidden obect lines should be proportioned by eye, unifor, andslightly less pronounced in weight than visible obect lines. !he dashes should be fir, notfeathered, and about twice the length of the intervening spaces (see fig. 181). + dashed lineshould start with a solid line, not a space. *orners should be fored with intersecting dashes. +good average proportion is 1/?8in. ashes and 1/1@8in. 3paces.

!he starting and s topping of all lines should be positiveA overriding of obect and

diension lines beyond their proper terinations ust be avoided.

B. 3election of Ciews: !he principal view of a structural eber should be the one whichcontains the ost inforation concerning cuts, copes, hole punching and drilling, and attachedfittings. 2n the case of be a, channels, coluns and girders, which coprise the bulk ofstructural work, this usually eans the web view. 2f at all possible, the principal view shouldshow the aority of detail fittings on the side toward the observer, to inii4e the need forhidden lines. +n e"ception to this general rule relates to single channels, which are generallyshown with their backs toward the observer because shop layout can be perfored ore easily onthe flat back surface. 2n showing hidden edges and surfaces on partially, to the e"tent necessaryto clarify the sketch. roected views should be shown only if they contribute to clarity andunderstanding. 2f top, botto or end vies are not reuired to show fabrication, the location offittings, or an unusual cross8sectional configuration, they should be oitted. 3ince the shapedescriptions of standard rolled sections such as W, 3, *, are understood by all concerned frothe written billing, the end vies which erely illustrate the appearance of such a shape areunnecessary. . 3ectional Ciews: 2t is conceivable that a top or end view could be drawn to include all thefabrication and detail fittings appearing throughout the length or depth of a eber but the view,with its innuerable visible and hidden lines, would becoe so coplicated that it would bedifficult to interpret. !his proble is readily solved by used of separate sectional views.



When it is necessary to show or diension and interior detail which is not visible in theusual top or end views, it is custoary to use a sectional view, located conveniently near thedetail. !he position of the section is established by a line representing the iaginary cutting plane. irectional arrows are added to indicate which way the cut surface is being viewed. !hecorresponding sectional view, constructed by proection and scaling, perits picturing the detailfor whatever treatent is reuired.

3ectional views are usually proected fro the principal view in the sae anner as end or top views. !he accepted practice is to observe sections looking downward or to the left. 2f, dueto lack of space on the drawing, the sectional view ust be displaced fro its noral proected position, it should retain its proper orientation in no case be turned D9 degrees.=. o not over detail or show info uniportant to the fabricators: 2 have on a drawing, a plan withone plate on it that cinches to the slab. !here are roof drains, doors, roof slopes, e"haust fans,hvac units and a full stair with every tread shown. !his is over detailing.

@. !he basic path of a drawing: + detailer will be assigned a proect or a portion of a proect towork on by the chief draftsan or the proect lead detailer. Eou ust first ask for the following

infoA all necessary fabricator/ and or contract drawings, any necessary specs, scope ite nubers,any special reuireents of the proect, (such as space for approver staps, doestic aterial, isit deliver only or do we install, etc..), and what ites are the ost iportant to draw first. +fteryou have detailed the ite or a group of ites, ask the lead proect detailer if the drawing should be checked before it goes out for approval. 2f not, write up a print sheet for the to be sent forapproval with additional copies for the fabricator. og this into the drawing log. (2f it is to bechecked first, see instruction below) When the drawing is returned fro approval and when directed by the lead proect detailer, fi"the drawing per approval, keeping in mind the !mment" made !n appr!#al are n!t al$a%"!rret. Plea"e pa% attenti!n and &'e"ti!n the lead detailer !( an% hange" that l!!k'n'"'al !r that d! n!t "eem t! appl% t! the (a)riat!r. Al"! l!!k !'t (!r item" that are

additi!n" !r hange" t! !'r !ntrat. The% $!n*t )e "pelled !'t that $a%+ %!' ha#e t!'nder"tand $hat it i" that the (a)riat!r d!e" and d!e" n!t d!. The !nl% $a% t! learn thi" i"t! a"k+ pa% attenti!n and l!!k at $hat $a" d!ne in the pa"t. ,!'r greate"t re"!'re i" the

rak and %!'r hie( dra(t"man. ill out the revision bo" and log the receipt of the approval onthe drawing log. Fake a check print and give it to the checker/ lead detailer with the contractdrawings, spec, and approval drawing as well as any other info he/she needs to check. 2f youneeded it, the checker will too. When you receive the check prints back, )akhek e#er% hange, you ust agree with whatthe checker changed. !hen fi" per those changes and fill out the revision block. o not fill in thecheckers initials, he/she will do that when it is signed out. Give the check print and the tracing back to the checker to be %signed out&. !he checker akes sure all the changes have been donecorrectly. !hen the drawing will be ready to go to the ne"t step. !hat could be back to thearchitect if the approvals were noted %revise and resubit&, the shop if ready for fab, to thesurveyor if a field check is needed, or soe other option. !he lead proect detailer will advise.

H. 3oe basic detailing errors 2 have seen- +. We diension to the center of ost ites, not toes of flanges. Eou ust think about what isiportant to the shop. B"aple: 2 have a seen a drawing showing a section through a bea withasonry wall support clip angles welded to the botto flange. !he # things we know to beiportant are the location of the face of the wall and the centerline of the bea (which is by



others) !he diensions are shown to be fro toe of angle to toe of bea flange, neither of whichare iportant and both are subect to change. We change aterial all the tie depending on whatwe have and it is possible the steel fabricator would do the sae. 2f this happens and we use thetoe/toe diensions, the angles will be in the wrong place. ;. 5ften 2 see a shop detail of a basic eber (a bea, angle, whatever,) and a section will becut through the eber looking fro right to left. !his is ok but the section is drawn on the left.2f you look fro right to left, draw the section on the right, or visa versa. *. <ot enough attention is paid to the other drawings in the contract drawing set, thespecifications, addendus, and the ob folder. !here is a wealth of info in these ites and oftenistakes are ade fro not researching the ite enough. . !he rack and standards book are not being used as a basis for e"aples. !oo any detailersare doing the sae drawings their own different way. lease use the standards book and thee"aples on the racks.

?. !he *hief raftsan is not a ind reader: Eour *hief raftsan will help you with anythingyou need but you have to counicate, and reeber D! N!t A""'me.

D. lease keep drawings in order. +ll drawings, the contract drawings, tracings, approvals etc.+nd when you give drawings to soeone, take pride in your work by keeping everything in order,roll or fold neatly, brush off all eraser shavings and put the in an appropriate place so they will be seen but not in the way.

19: ollow the standards book: 5ften 2 find we are not following the piece ark info and the billing of the standard clip angles. %+ngles& is the general ter referring to all %& shaped steel.!he piece arks are the uniue naes we give to a specific piece of steel, be it an angle, a beaor an entire assebly. 2t is ust like %eople& refers to all huan beings and !o, ick and Iarryrefers to people in their own uniue and specific way. ;y following this, an angle $"$" 1/0 and anangle 0"0" =/1@ are both angles but they can not have the sae piece ark. !herefore a standard

angle $+11$ can not be 0"0" =/1@ as the standard book clearly states that this is a piece ark andit ust be $"$" =/1@.

11. lease keep the ob folders up to date and in order.

1#. lease do not write on or deface approval drawings. !hey are legal docuents and are to be protected. 2f you wish to ark on the, ake a copy.

1$. lease file tracings, in order in the tracing drawers or soe other area designated by the lead proect detailer. lease put clips on the botto of the paper, not the top or sides.

10. 3heet anageent: lan what will go on the drawing and appro"iate where it will go beforeyou draw. 5ften 2 see drawings with ites craed in one area and open space in others, notenough roo around the plans and sections, too any details on a sheet which cras the bill ofaterial, etc... 3eparate ites in the bill, (see the rack for e"aples). 5n a drawing 2 ust checked,there is a plan of asonry wall support angles. etails looking down in plan are shown all overshowing info that could easily have been put on the plan. !hen sections were taken through thedetails showing the sae info all over again. !he drawing could look a lot cleaner.

J.v.palmonari,Inc. Detailing Procedures

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