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1. Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active dehydration 1

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Document 1 of 1

Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active

dehydration

Author: Muoz, C X; Johnson, E C; Demartini, J K; Huggins, R A; Mckenzie, A L; Casa, D J; Maresh, C M;

Armstrong, L E

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Abstract Abstract): BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Hydration state can be assessed via body mass change

(BM), serum and urine osmolality (Sosm

, Uosm

), urine-specific gravity (Usg

) and urine volume (Uvol

). As no

hydration index has been shown to be valid in all circumstances, value exists in exploring novel biomarkers

such as salivary osmolality (Vosm

). Utilizing acute BM as the reference standard, this research examined the

efficacy of Sosm

, Vosm

, Uosm

, Uvol

and Usg

, during passive (PAS) and active (ACT) heat

exposure.SUBJECTS/METHODS:Twenty-three healthy men (age, 223 years; mass, 77.312.8 kg; height,

179.98.8cm; body fat, 10.64.5%) completed two randomized 5-h dehydration trials (361 C). During PAS,

subjects sat quietly, and during ACT, participants cycled at 686% maximal heart rate. Investigators measured

all biomarkers at each 1% BM.RESULTS:Average mass loss during PAS was 1.40.3%, and 4.10.7% during

ACT. Significant between-treatment differences at -1% BM were observed for Sosm

(PAS, 2964; ACT, 3014

mOsm/kg) and Uosm

(PAS, 895207; ACT, 661192 mOsm/kg). During PAS, only Uosm

, Uvol

and Usg

increased

significantly (-1 and -2% BM versus baseline). During ACT, Vosm

most effectively diagnosed dehydration

[greater-than-or-equal-to];2% (sensitivity=86%; specificity=91%), followed by Sosm

(sensitivity=83%;

specificity=83%). Reference change values were validated for Sosm

, Usg

and BM.CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy

of indices to detect dehydration [greater-than-or-equal-to];2% differed across treatments. At rest (PAS), only

urinary indices increased in concert with body water loss. During exercise (ACT), Sosm

and Vosm

exhibited the

highest sensitivity and specificity. Sosm, Usgand BM exhibited validity in serial measurements. These findings

indicate hydration biomarkers should be selected by considering daily activities.

Abstract: Hydration state can be assessed via body mass change (BM), serum and urine osmolality (Sosm,

Uosm), urine-specific gravity (Usg) and urine volume (Uvol). As no hydration index has been shown to be valid

in all circumstances, value exists in exploring novel biomarkers such as salivary osmolality (Vosm). Utilizing

acute BM as the reference standard, this research examined the efficacy of Sosm, Vosm, Uosm, Uvol and

Usg, during passive (PAS) and active (ACT) heat exposure. Twenty-three healthy men (age, 223 years; mass,

77.312.8kg; height, 179.98.8cm; body fat, 10.64.5%) completed two randomized 5-h dehydration trials

(361C). During PAS, subjects sat quietly, and during ACT, participants cycled at 686% maximal heart rate.

Investigators measured all biomarkers at each 1% BM. Average mass loss during PAS was 1.40.3%, and

4.10.7% during ACT. Significant between-treatment differences at -1% BM were observed for Sosm (PAS,

2964; ACT, 3014mOsm/kg) and Uosm (PAS, 895207; ACT, 661192mOsm/kg). During PAS, only Uosm,

Uvol and Usg increased significantly (-1 and -2% BM versus baseline). During ACT, Vosm most effectively

diagnosed dehydration 2% (sensitivity=86%; specificity=91%), followed by Sosm (sensitivity=83%;

specificity=83%). Reference change values were validated for Sosm, Usg and BM. The efficacy of indices to

detect dehydration 2% differed across treatments. At rest (PAS), only urinary indices increased in concert with

body water loss. During exercise (ACT), Sosm and Vosm exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity. Sosm,

Usg and BM exhibited validity in serial measurements. These findings indicate hydration biomarkers should be

selected by considering daily activities.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

Subject: Hydration; Dehydration; Biomarkers;

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MeSH:Adult, Dehydration -- physiopathology, Exercise, Heart Rate, Hot Temperature, Humans, Male, Osmolar

Concentration, Sensitivity & Specificity, Serum -- chemistry, Urine -- chemistry, Water-Electrolyte Balance,

Young Adult, Biological Markers -- chemistry (major), Body Water -- physiology (major), Dehydration --

diagnosis (major), Saliva -- chemistry (major)

Substance: Biological Markers;

Publication title: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volume: 67

Issue: 12

Pages: 1257-63

Number of pages: 7

Publication year: 2013

Publication date: Dec 2013

Year: 2013

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group

Place of publication: London

Country of publication: United Kingdom

Publication subject: Nutrition And Dietetics

ISSN: 09543007

Source type: Scholarly Journals

Language of publication: English

Document type: Journal Article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.195

Accession number: 24129362

ProQuest document ID: 1464613502

Document URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1464613502?accountid=38628

Copyright: Copyright Nature Publishing Group Dec 2013

Last updated: 2014-07-22

Database: ProQuest Agriculture Journals,ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source

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