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FMP10 Chapter 3Vocabulary

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prime number List the all prime numbers less

than 30

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29

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Is 1 a prime number?

Nope. The first prime number is 2.

2 is the only even prime number.

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multiples

Write the first 12 multiples of 7

7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84

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Factor

List the factors of 24

1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24

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Factor pairs

Write all the factor pairs of 24.Note: a x b is the same as b x a

1 x 24 2 x 12 3 x 8 4 x 6

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Prime factorization

Factor 24 into its prime factors

2 x 2 x 2 x 3or

23 x 3

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Composite number

Give an example of a composite number

24, 12, … Any number that is not primeor

a whole number that has more than two factors

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Factor tree

Factor 60 using a factor tree

605 x 125 x 4 x 35 x 2 x 2 x 3

It's an upside down tree

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Factor tree for 6060

12

3

5

2

4

2

The “leaves” become a list of prime factors

60 = 5 x 3 x 2 x 2

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Greatest common factor

What is the greatest common factor of 12 and 30?

GCF(12, 30) = 6

Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 30: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30

6 appears in both lists & is the largest

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Least common multiple What is the least common multiple

of 12 and 20?60

Multiples of 12: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84,

96, 108, 120, 132, 144, ... 20: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120,

140, 160, 180, 200, 220, ... Common multiples: 60, 120,

180, ... 60 is the lowest of the common

multiples

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squaring

Find the square 9

92 = 81

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Square root

Find the square root of 4

4 = 2

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2, -2.1, ¼, 36

Rational number

Which number(s) are rational?

2, -2.1, 5, , ¼, 36, 1.010010001...

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Perfect cube

Name the first 5 perfect cubes.

1, 8, 27, 64, 125

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Cube root

What is the cube root of 64?

4 because 4 x 4 x 4 = 64

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radicand

Name the radicand expression:

64

The index would be 2 for the square root

64

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radical

Give an example of a radical.

52

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Index

What is an index of the radical?

It tells what root we are looking for: Index 2 means square root Index 3 means cube root Index 4 means 4th root

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Factor by decomposition

Huh?

New for Math 10 See Lesson 3.6

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Perfect square trinomial

Why is the following a perfect square?

4x2 + 12x + 9

It is perfect because

(2x + 3)2 or

(2x + 3)(2x + 3) = 4x2 + 12x + 9cp: 9 is a perfect square because 3 x 3 = 9

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Difference of squares

Why is 4x2 – 9x2 called a difference of squares?

Difference means subtraction 4x2 and 9x2 are squares, that is

(2x)2 and (3x)2

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The end

Nov 2010