JPT RMP Fundamentals (1)

8/9/2019 JPT RMP Fundamentals (1)

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SANITATION, PLUMBING

DESIGN, ANDINSTALLATION


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Water Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface and is

vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's water is found

in oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in

glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica andGreenland, a small fraction in other large waterbodies, and 0.001% in

the air as vapor, clouds (formed of solid andliquid water particles suspended in air),and precipitation.


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Water Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is freshwater,

and 98.8% of that water is in ice andgroundwater.

Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers,

lakes, and the atmosphere, and an evensmaller amount of the Earth's freshwater(0.003%) is contained within biological bodies

and manufactured products.


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Different Types of Water Potable

Most advisable for Human Consumption.

Grey/Gray

orsullage is defined as wastewater generated from

wash hand basins, showers and baths, which can berecycled on-site for uses. Greywater often excludesdischarge from laundry, dishwashers and kitchen sinks

due to the high nutrient levels Black

Used to describe wastewater containing fecal

matter and urine. It is also known as foul water,r w .


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Hard Water

Heavily Treated Water. Soft Water Almost Fresh to Lightly Treated Water.

Freshwater Water Coming from Bodies of Water except Seas and

Oceans.

Saltwater

Water Coming from Seas and Oceans Surface Run-off Water Water in contact with the ground surface.

Groundwater Water found on the Aquifers or Waterbed.

Different Types of Water


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Mineral Water Water Coming from the Springs

Distilled Water Water that has many of its impurities removed

through distillation. Distillation involves boiling the waterand then condensing the steam into a clean container.

Purified Water Water that is mechanically filtered or processed to be

cleaned for consumption.

Tap Water Water Coming from the TAP of the Fixtures..

Polluted Water Water with presence of POLLUTANTS.

Contaminated Water Water with presence of CONTAMINANTS.

Different Types of Water


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The Hydrologic Cycle


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The Hydrologic Cycle The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic

cycle, refers to the continuous movement ofwater between the earth and the atmosphere.

Water reaches land as precipitation such as

rain and snow. Then the water evaporates,condenses in the atmosphere to form clouds,and falls to the earth again as precipitation,

continuing the cycle.


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The Hydrologic Cycle When water falls to the ground it can collect on

the land becoming streams, rivers, lakes, orsoaks in to the ground to becomegroundwater. Plants take up groundwater

either using it or releasing it to theatmosphere.


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Components Evaporation

is the process by which a substance changes from the liquid phase to

the gas phase. It is the change of state of water (a liquid) to water vapor(a gas).

Transpiration is evaporation of liquid water from plants and trees into the atmosphere.

About 90% of all water that enters the roots transpires into the

atmosphere. Sublimation

is the process where ice and snow (a solid) changes into water vapor (agas) without moving through the liquid phase.

Condensation is the process by which a substance changes from the gas phase to the

liquid phase. At this stage water vapor (a gas) changes back into awater droplets (a liquid). This is when we begin to see clouds, fog, dew,or frost form.


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Components Transportation

is the movement of solid, liquid and gaseous water through the

atmosphere. Without this movement, the water evaporated over theocean would not precipitate over land.

Precipitation is water that falls to the earth. Clouds are composed of millions of water

droplets that have condensed. These water droplets grow into larger

droplets by colliding and coalescing with one another. Eventually, thedroplets can grow large enough that they will not be able to staysuspended in the cloud. When this occurs, they fall out of the cloud asprecipitation. Most precipitation falls as rain but includes snow, sleet,drizzle, and hail.

Runoff is the variety of ways of which water moves over the earth's surface. If

precipitation occurs faster than it can infiltrate the ground, it becomesrunoff. Runoff remains on the surface and flows into streams, rivers, andeventually large bodies such as lakes or the ocean.

JPT RMP Fundamentals (1)

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