Journalism and Democracy Losing Connection · • Journalism is weakened by the lost connection to...
Transcript of Journalism and Democracy Losing Connection · • Journalism is weakened by the lost connection to...
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Journalism and DemocracyLosing Connectionand what shall we do about that?
by Pavel P AntonovOctober 22, 2011
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Introduction
Democracy and free press – are they connected really?
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Three media models• Liberal - Britain and North America• Democratic corporatist – Northern Europe• Polarized pluralist – Southern Europe and
the Mediterranean
Hallin and Mancini (2004)
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A dominant journalism model• Anglo-American in origin and spreading globally;• promotes a journalistic ‘professional ideal’ of a
distanced observer, with emphasis on objectivity and separation of fact from comment;
• spreads tabloid values, like focus on entertainment, scandal, celebrity, personalisation, and emotionalisation; and
• commercialized and prioritising media owners’ interests over any kind of a public service ethos;.
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Changes of journalism• Occupational symptoms: loss of employment stability;
freelancing; merging of professional roles; corporate employment setup; less editorial quality, more income oriented.
• Journalism norms as basis for social exclusion - Allan (2010): increased sense of detachment from voices and demands of marginal or oppressed groups; class identification with the rich and wealthy.
• The loss of ‘Voice’ – Nick Couldry (2010) – diversity, pluralism
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The neoliberal discourse
“That discourse operates with a view of economic life that does not value voice and imposes that view of economic life on to politics, via a reductive view of politics as the implementing of market functioning. (…) Neoliberal discourse evacuates entirely the place of the social in politics and politics’ regulation of economics.”
Nick Couldry (2010)
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Looking out of the West
• Different media / journalism models exist in different world regions.
• Neoliberal norms advance globally: free-trade, IMFs, consumerism, individualism
• Post-socialism as “marchlands” and “classrooms”
• Collective causes on the frontline: climate and environmental change; health and social justice.
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Research method• Social ethnography tradition• Participant observation• Semi-structured interviews (21)• Field notes from experiences and editorial situations
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Newsroom placements• BTV. Part of News Corporation - largest market share- Openly commercial- But: engages with social causes
• Capital / Dnevnik, part of Economedia.
- Bulgarian owned.- Quality journalism ideology
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A common cause and journalists’ engagement with it• “I wanted to see
what will happen to the end.”
• “I needed the best footage to chose from”.
• “I am a smoker, but so what? Work is work”.
• “I love my job”
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Field work highlights• Market terminology in occupational structures• Direct intervention to the owners interests• Disillusionment and loss of motivation• Freedom and professionalism concepts blurred• Quality journalism ideology (Capital)
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Surprises and findings• Social movements engagement as a research technique• Loss of diversity : - Ideologies / doctrines / political differences losing
importance- Journalism cultures getting similar- Professional Ideologies losing importance• Loss of ‘voice’.
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Conclusions• Journalism is weakened by the lost
connection to democracy• The function of edited journalism
cannot be replaced by new media and citizen generated content.
• Traditional quality standards and requirements are vital
• Journalists’ engagement with collective, environmental and social justice causes is not “unprofessional”
• A critical view of global economy and politics, and greater demand for democracy is essential.
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