Journal 2 - Red Meat and Pancreatic Cancer

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Red and processed meat consumptionand risk of pancreatic cancer: meta-

analysis of prospective studies

S C Larssonand A Wolk

British Journal of Cancer advance online publication 12 January 2012



In the news«.



Risk factors of pancreatic cancer

Advanced age

Low socioeconomic status

Cigarette Diabetes mellitus

Chronic pancreatitis

High-fat and cholesterol diet

Carcinogens exposure

PCBs, DDT, NNK, benzidine



Red Meat and Processed Meat

Increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer

Unclear if a risk factor for pancreatic

cancer



Materials and Methods

Literature search in Pubmed and

MEDBASE

Any language January 1966 to November 2011



Materials and Methods

INCLUSION:

(1) have a prospective design and with

pancreatic cancer incidence or mortalityas the outcome;

(2) provide relative risks (RRs) with 95%

confidence intervals (CI) of pancreatic

cancer for at least three categories (or as

a continuous variable) of red meat and/or

processed meat consumption.



Data Extraction

First author¶s last name

Year of publication

Country in which the study wasperformed

Sex, age

Sample size Duration of follow-up,



Data Extraction

Variables adjusted for in the

multivariable model

RRs with CIs for each category of meatconsumption.

From each study, RRs that reflected the

greatest degree of control for potential

confounders were extracted



Statistical Analysis

Relative risks from individual studies and

corresponding s.e. (derived from the CIs) were

transformed to their natural logarithms

Computed the trend from the correlated logRRs across categories of meat consumption

Statistical heterogeneity among study results

was investigated using the I2-statistics



Statistical Analysis

Analyses stratified by geographical area

(United States and Europe) and sex

Publication bias was examined withEgger¶s regression test

All statistical analyses were conducted

with Stata P-values were two-sided

P<0.05 statistically significant.



Results ± RR of Pancreatic CA for 120g

per day increase in red meat consumptionStudy

Specific

Relative

Risk95%

Confidence

Interval

Summary

Relative

Risk

Estimate

Value = 1.13 (95%

confidence interval

(CI) =0.93±1.39;

P heterogeneity<

0.001)

There is NO statistically significant association

between red meat consumption and pancreatic

cancer

There was statistically significant heterogeneity

among studies.

There is a statistically significant positive

association between red meat consumption and

risk of pancreatic cancer in men (RR=1.29;

95% CI¼1.08±1.53; Pheterogeneity= 0.28; five

studies),

There was NO association in women (RR=

0.93; 95% CI=0.74±1.16; P heterogeneity=0.21;

six studies).

There was NO statistically significant

association between red meat consumption and

pancreatic cancer in studies conducted in the

United States or Europe.



Results ± RR of pancreatic cancer for a 50 g per

day increased in processed meat consumptionStudy

Specific

Relative

Risk95%

Confidence

Interval

Summary

RelativeRisk

Estimate

VALUE:

1.19 (95% CI=1.04±

1.36); P

heterogeneity=0.46)

An increase of 50 g per day of processed meat

consumption was associated with a statistically

significant 19% increased risk of pancreatic

cancer .


heterogeneity among studies.

In analysis stratified by sex, the overall RRs

were 1.11 (95% C =0.92±1.34; P heterogeneity

=0.68; three studies) in men and 1.12

(95% CI=0.75±1.67; P heterogeneity =0.29;

four studies) in women.


association between processed meat

consumption and pancreatic cancer in studies

conducted in the United States or Europe.



Discussion

Humans are exposed to N-nitroso compounds via

cigarette smoking, which is an established risk factor for

pancreatic cancer.

Given that the main route of human exposure to N-nitroso compounds is cigarette smoke, the relation

between processed meat consumption and

pancreatic cancer risk may be modified by smoking

status.



Conclusion

Results from this meta-analysis indicated

a statistically significant positive

association between processed meat

consumption and risk of pancreatic

cancer.

Red meat consumption was NOT

ASSOCI ATED with risk of pancreaticcancer OVER ALL, but was positively

associated with risk in men.



Recommendations

Large prospective studies with better

adjustment for potential confounders are

warranted to establish potential

associations of red and processed meat

consumption with pancreatic cancer risk.

Need to study if association between

processed meat consumption andpancreatic cancer is modified by

smoking.



THANK YOU!

Journal 2 - Red Meat and Pancreatic Cancer

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