John LockeJohn Locke(1632-1704)(1632-1704)

““The philosopher of freedom”The philosopher of freedom”"Good and evil, reward and punishment, are the only "Good and evil, reward and punishment, are the only motives to a rational creature: these are the spur and reins motives to a rational creature: these are the spur and reins whereby all mankind are set on work, and guided."whereby all mankind are set on work, and guided."

Early lifeEarly life Born in Wrington on August Born in Wrington on August

29, 1632 to Puritan parents29, 1632 to Puritan parents In childhood attended In childhood attended

Westminster School in LondonWestminster School in London At 20 went to Christ Church, At 20 went to Christ Church,

Oxford (most important Oxford Oxford (most important Oxford college)college)

A self-proclaimed physician for A self-proclaimed physician for Christ Church CollegeChrist Church College

WritingsWritings

An Essay Concerning Human An Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingUnderstanding

Two Treatises of GovernmentTwo Treatises of Government The Letters Concerning The Letters Concerning

TolerationToleration The Reasonableness of The Reasonableness of

ChristianityChristianity Some Thoughts Concerning Some Thoughts Concerning

EducationEducation

Philosophical IdeasPhilosophical Ideas

Did John Locke think the people could govern Did John Locke think the people could govern themselves?themselves?

- He supported monarchy He supported monarchy

BUTBUT

- Believed the government should operate for the - Believed the government should operate for the peoplepeople

Human Kind: Good or Bad?Human Kind: Good or Bad?

GoodGood

Trusted people, believed in self-government, and Trusted people, believed in self-government, and peoples’ natural lawspeoples’ natural laws

Underlying IdeasUnderlying Ideas

Based ideas on archaic notions, learning Based ideas on archaic notions, learning through observationsthrough observations Archaic-Archaic- marked by the characteristics of an earlier marked by the characteristics of an earlier

period period

~based principles on earlier scientific findings ~based principles on earlier scientific findings challenged previous challenged previous knowledge and reform previous ideas in knowledge and reform previous ideas in governmentgovernment

The Best Form of GovernmentThe Best Form of Government

Monarchy with certain responsibilities and Monarchy with certain responsibilities and the ability for the people to have a saythe ability for the people to have a say

(reformed monarchy….early democracy)(reformed monarchy….early democracy)

CONTRIBUTIONSCONTRIBUTIONS

-limit government power-limit government power

-checks and balances-checks and balances

-the people’s involvement in the government-the people’s involvement in the government

Americans thinking for themselvesAmericans thinking for themselves

Gov. shouldn’t raise taxes on property w/o the Gov. shouldn’t raise taxes on property w/o the consent of the people/their representativesconsent of the people/their representatives

Idea of voting for leadersIdea of voting for leaders Ability to have a self-sustaining governmentAbility to have a self-sustaining government Natural born rights that cannot be taken away Natural born rights that cannot be taken away

right to rebelright to rebel

Work CitedWork Cited

http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/Philosophy/Locke.htmPhilosophy/Locke.htm

Miss Baker’s freshman “Mystery Document”Miss Baker’s freshman “Mystery Document”

www.thefreemanonline.orgwww.thefreemanonline.org

http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/locke/http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/locke/